Diario las Américas Newspaper, April 24, 1957, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people @. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. W. SMITA Vice President Fred M. Shaver Business Manager { THE AMEA@PAS DAILY For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 24, 1957 8. SMITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advt. & Cire. Mgr. Sener AS ERE OE ET meme Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Sprmgs. Fla.. on February 8. 1956, “she geen Se ET %, ‘EDITORIAL CAN RUSSIA BE TRUSTED ON DISARMAMENT? As if the Western World had the mentality of an infant, the Kremlin leaders believe that the democratic countries, with the United States at their head, are going to accept their malicious proposals for disarmament. Could it be possible to realize a complete disarmament on both parts, there would be no country in the world that would refuse it, in particular among peoples like that of the United States, who are peace loving and without mili- tarist history. But it happens that at the present time nobody takes seriously the suspicious and even ironic Russian proposal, because the Moscow Government does not inspire any confidence to the rest of the world. Considering the form in which the two systems are . organized, the communist and the democratic, to verify the sincerity of Soviet policies would be something absolutely impossible, while with the United States, the opposite is true. In other words, the United States would demostrate its sincerity living up to the international pacts, and as a consequence—if an agreement would be reached—would destroy its war resources. But, regarding Russia, it would be absolutely imposible to know what was happening behind the much feared and impenetrable iron curtain. To open the way to a dissarmament project it would be necessary that, in the political field, Russia would act in such a manner that there would be no iron curtain separating her from the free world. If that obstacle ceased to exist, and if institutional and public life of the Government and people of Russia could be known by all the world, as the institutional and public life of the Government and people of the United States are known, nobody would have any doubts regarding the convenience of adopting a plan of universal disarmament. The game being played by the Kremlin is too common to surprise the democratic world. It is not even useful to the hierarchs of the communist oligarchy in the field of demagogical speculations, because, apart from the intended applause they get, there is no country, with impartial opinion, that will swallow the bait. They do not fool anybody with their false proposal of world disarmament. Notwithstanding that, we repeat, the people of the United States are eminently pacifist, allergic to war for reasons of ideological formation and for the undeniable fact of their political freedom and social and economic wellbeing. | Rousing Ovation Marks Opening of Casals Music Festival in San Juan SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico, April 23 (UP)— An enthusiastic au- dience gave a rousing ovation last night to the opening concert of the San Juan Music Festival honoring its stricken conductor, Pablo Ca- pals, The conductor’s stand remain- ed vacant as a tribute to the 80- year-old Casals, regarded as the world’s foremost cellist, who suf- fered a heart attack last Tuesday during rehearsals for the three- week festival. Some 2,200 persons jammed into the University of Puerto Rico ‘Theater for the opening numbers by the 55-man festival orchestra comprising some of the finest piay- ers in the United States. Violinist Alexander Schneider led the orchestra from the con- seert master’s chair through works of Bach, Mozart and Schubert. The biggest ovation went to pianist Rudolf Serkin for his im- peccable performance of Mozart’s D Minor Concerto. Gov. and Mrs. Luis Mufioz Ma- tin and the entire Puerto Rican ‘Cabinet mingled with hundreds of music lovers from the United States and Latin America who bean island which has become the center of the classical musical world for three weeks, Before the concert Alfred Ma- tilla, Spanish music critic, and members of the festival board ex- pressed the. hope of the musicians that Casals would recover quick- ly and return whenever he is able. Venezuelan Oil Production to Set New Record CARACAS (SICO) — At the end of this year, oil production in Ve- nezuela will be about three million barrels a-day, according to eco- nomist J. S. Key, who thoroughly knows the Venezuelan oil industry, Key has specialized in economic research for several U. S. publica- tions. His reports are based on careful studies and estimates. Key says the increase will cause renewed attacks from independent yueysu0d 943 Aq parynsne ore ‘sacs AIJUNOD 7eY} 0} S}roduIT {10 pasearo from Venezuela. More imports, he made pilgrimages to this Carib- increase of world’s oil consump- tion. Cuban Sugar Crop Sold in Advance NEW YORK, (UP)— Charles F. McCarthy, “The Journal of Com- merce” sugar expert, in an article published in that paper, says that ‘the perspectives of the greater art, if not the total, of the 1957 ‘uban Sugar Crop being sold, or the sale of same being contracted, before the end of the grinding geason — about May 30th — are excellent, which will be extraor- dinary for Cuba’s commercializa- Tourists Prefer México and Cuba MEXICO CITY (UP)— México and Cuba are the most popular Latin American countries for Unit- ed States tourists, but these sea- gonal visitors spend about 5 times ‘as much money in México as in the Caribbean Republic. The U. S. Information Service Feported that American tourists | spent here about $410,000,000 in 1956, while spending an average of $17,000,0 a year in Cuba. The ease with which the tour- ists can travel to México by car or plane, the favorable dollar-peso rate of exchange, the climate and the many attractions offered by México are reported to be the main incentives for the ever grow- ing flow of American: tourists, tion of peace time.” He said the crop is estimated as between 5,150,000 and 5,366,000 metric tons. Half of the total—aproximated- ly — is already contracted to be sold to the United States, in con- formity with the North American system of quotas. The other half, less a small amount for Iocal con- sumption, is earmarked for the world market in zones outside the United States, Tt continues saying that the world sugar demand is such that the price has risen from 3.30 per Ib. FOB, last October, to 6.75 cents last week. It explains that the causes of the increase are, first, last summer drought in Europe and later the psychological effect of the Near East crisis. It says also that measures of the International Sugar Council pre- pared, in a certain degree, im- provement of the sugar market by reducing production. For example, Cuba, as a member of the Council, decreased. her production to 4,600- 000 tons from 7,000,000 produced shortly after the Korean War. The writer figures that, with the pro- duction, calculated in 5,150,000 metric tons, Cuba will have ready i 1957, 5,768,716 tons for the mar- ets, ‘Autstanding to San José, SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, April 23 (UP)— Nicaraguan journalist Pe- dro Joaquin Chamorro and his wife who escaped from the town of San Carlos, where he was banished for 42 months, under accusation of complicity in the murder of Presi- dent Anastasio Somoza, arriyed in this capital. Chamorro said that he, his, wife | and a guide left in secret on Satur- day from their hotel in San Car- los by automobile, and reached the |San Juan River, at about 16 miles from San José. The San Juan River jforms the frontier between Nica- ragua and Costa Rica. He added that in a small canoe they went down the river and ‘later went up one tributary, reaching Los Chiles, Costa Rican town to which they arrived at midnight. Chamorro said that in Nicara- Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ the GUATEMALA —. Perhaps most interesting trip the visitor to Guatemala may take — believed by many to be a must if you go to the picturesque Central American country—is to the vast region of the Mayan Highlands, a veritable labyrinth of mountain ranges, great plateaus, deep green gorges, deep blue mountain lakes, and re- splendent cones of majestic vol- canos. There is nothing to com- pare with the absorbing fascina- tion of those Maya highlands, the magnificent scenery, the colorful- ness of native life, as yet umspoil- ed by throngs of tourists. The road which climbs abruptly into the mountains from Guatema- la City is tinged with the bright hues of the “huipiles” of women bearing on their heads baskets of produce, of live chickens, of bril- liant flowers. Men in curious trib- al costumes, with “cacaxtes” on their backs, which hold not only whatever the owner is carrying to the market, but also his food, his gourd of water, everything meces- sary for 3everal days on the road, The driver is able to tell at a blance from which village, back in the mountains, each group comes from. The automobiles turn out for a lumbering oxcart or a train of mules loaded with charfcoal. At Chimaltenango, a beautiful colonial fountain in the middle of the plaza spills water over one edge, which eventually reaches the Atlantic; over the opposite side it goes to the Pacific. Quaint villages, wayside shrines, primitive potter- ies are found at every turn of the toad, bringing forth novel and in- teresting touches of native life or a more wonderful view of distant mountains. The high plateau, covered with vast wheat and corn fields, breaks away suddenly, as though cut with a gigantic knife. Two thousand feet beneath, at Godinez, lie the turquoise waters of Lake Atitlan, the most marvelous mountain lake in the world. As the visitor watches enchanted, these waters change to deep sky blue, to jade with patches of lapislazuli. Behind them rise tier upon tier of mount- ains with every shade of green imaginable, blending into dusky blues and deep purples of the more distant ranges. Lofty volcanos cast their shadows on the lake, to com- plete a picture that is truly un- forgettable. Twelve native villages, named after the twelve apostles, line the lake, divided among the descend- ants of the Cackhiqueles, the Zu- tuhiles, and Quichs, three tribes of pure Mayan stock that Alvarado conquered, All of these pictures- que villages can easily be explored by launch from the comfortable hotel at Tzanjuyu, on the water edge. Each is different not only in the colorful costumes worn, but in the occupation of the natives, Santiago de Atitlén is celebrat- ed for the beautiful costumes of its women. In San Pablo, fine bags and hammocks are made. Its loca- tion at the foot of the Atitlan vol- cano is magnificent. San Antonio Palopo has a fine old church and vmphitheater on a terrace at the head of the lake, and is noted for the costumes and headdress of its men, “The large mats that so many vis- itors take home are woven from reeds that grow in the lake near Santa Catarina Palopo. Sununa s the finest oranges in Guate- Each village is found by the visitor to be more picturesque and interesting than the last. Spanish Version Page 3 Journalist Escapes from Nicaragua Costa Rica gua at least 5,000 members of the opposition are in jail, and that in Costa Rica he will write a book on “the brutal conditions” under which many of them are jailed. As far as he is concerned, Cha- morro declared that in San Carlos he was well treated and he was not bothered, but added he felt fear- ful, because it is a solitary place and he and his wife would have been powerless “if authorities would have felt some ,time like getting tough.” Chamorro denied a rumor cir- culated in San José that his escape was motivated by reports from Managua that General Anastasio Somoza, brother of President Luis Somoza and Chief of the National Guard, had ordered that the “law against prisoners trying to escape” be applied to him. Chamorro said also that in San Carlos there was no personal vigil- ance over him, although at the Custom House, across the street, there was a soldier who constant- ly watched the hotel. Besides, he had to report to police three times a day. Police Headquarters, how- ever, closed for the holidays, and this made his escape easier. Chamorro said the trial against him in Managua was a “farce” and that the verdict of guilty “evident- ly had been ordered” by the au- thorities. Member Inter American Press Association td For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 237 New Cabinet |Cuban Disturbances are “Inspired by Reds’ Govt. Appointed by Chilean Pres. Carlos Ibafez SANTIAGO, April 23 (UP) — President Carlos Thafiez del Campo partially reorganized his _ cabinet today, including in it four military men. The Chief Executive appointed his personal friend Jorge Aravena as Minister of Interior (Head of the Cabinet), Aravena was Minis- ter of Agriculture. The new Cabinet was formed as follows: Interior, Jorge Aravena; Trea- sury, Eduardo Urztia (no change); Economy, General Horacio Arce (new)é Land, Oscar Jiménez Pino- chet (new); Justice, Arturo Zufi- ga (no change); Agriculture, Ma- rio Astorga (new); Public Works, General Eduardo Yafiez (no change); Education, Rear Ad- miral Manuel Quintana (new); La- bor, Rati Barrios (no change); Foregin Relations, Osvaldo Sainte Marie (no change); General Secre- tary of Government, Mario Ciudad (no change). Prominent Guatemalans to Visif Miami in AVIATECA Initial Flight A new evidence of the increas- ing progress and importance in business interchange between Edmund F. Becker to Speak Today on Foreign Trade The International Affairs De- partment of the Miami-Dade Coun- ty Chamber of Commerce, in con- junction with the University of Miami, will have its Fifth Annual Miami Foreign Trade Clinic, at the Starlight Roof, Biscayne Ter- race Hotel, today at 12:15 P. M. Mr .Edmund F. Becker, Deputy Director, Office of Trade Promo- tion Bureau of Foreign Commerce, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C., will be the prin- cipal speaker. He has long taken an active interest in world trade, and especially in Inter American affairs, Mr. Becker's talk will be follow- ed by a forum which will include 12 specialists in foreign trade. Another important part of the program will be the presentation of the Annual Award of the Cer- tifieate of Achievement in Foreign Trade to Roger W. Pleasanton, out- standing student of the University of Miami majoring in foreign trade. This award is given by the International Affairs Department of the Miami-Dade County Cham- ber of Commerce, Greater Miami and Latin America, will be the arrival here of out- standing Government officials and businessmen from Guatemala on board the four motor AVIATECA plane on Friday afternoon, April 26. They will stay here until May 1, when they will return to Gua- temala. On Saturday, the 27, a group of prominent persons of the Greater Miami area will leave for Guate- mala City, as guests of Aviateca and reciprocating the visit of Gua- temalan officials. Among them will be the mayors of Miami, Miami Beach, and Coral Gables, newspap- ermen and members of the Cham- bers of Commerce of those cities, Among the prominent visitors from Guatemala are Economy Mi- nister Edgard Alvarado P; Educa- tion Minister Enrique Quifiones; Health and Social Welfare Minis- ter, Dr. Carlos Sosa Barillas; Con- gress President Arturo Gonzalez; Government Council President, Col. Enrique T. Oliva; the Director of the Tourist Bureau, Francisco Montenegro Sierra; the President of the Chamber of Commerce and journalists Julio Vielman, of “Im- parcial”; Francisco Martinez of “Diario de Centro América,” Ma- rio Efrain Hernandez of “El Na- cionalista’’ and others. This is one more link uniting the peoples of Latin America with the United States, in particular with Greater Miami. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief BRACEROS DON’T HAVE TO JOIN UNIONS MEXICO CITY (UP)— Interior Secretary Angel Carvajal believes that Mexican braceros hired to work in American farms cannot become members of a labor union. After conferring with President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Carvajal said braceros cannot be forced to join a labor union nor prevented from crossing the border to work on American farms, Carvajal did not elaborate, but he'seemed to indicate that the bra- cero population is constantly changing and it would be impos- sible to unionize them. Several labor leaders had said recently that plans were underway to unionize the braceros to obtain better working conditions for them in the United States. TB BIGGEST KILLER ARGENTINE MD SAYS MEICO CITY (UP)— A pro- minent Argentine lung specialist said here tuberculosis is still the biggest killer of al] communicable diseases and the most effective method of combatting it is through “preventive methods.” Dr. Ratil Vacarezza, of the Bue- nos Aires University School of Medicine, is in México to attend the Seventh National Tuberculosis, and Silicosis Congress which open- ed yesterday in Monterrey. He said deaths caused by tuber- culosis have dropped through the use of new drugs, but pointed out that the “objective ‘to be sought should be the eradication of the illness.” The best way to reach this ob- jective, he added, is with “preven- tive methods,” chiefly by locating and isolating the infection cen- ters.” He also recommended petiodic and systematic chest examinations in towns and cities and inocula- tion with BGG vaccines to in- crease body resistance against the sickness.” Dr. Vaccareza said he will re- main in México until Friday, when he is scheduled to depart for Co- lombia to attend the Pan Ameri- ¢an Tuberculosis Congress there, ELECTRIFICATION IN NORTHERN MEXICO TORREON, México (UP)—Elec- trification of central northern Mé- xico will be completed in 1960 at a cost of more than $11,300,000 (U §), the Mexican Electricity Com- pany said. CANTINFLAS MEETS PRESS AT BANQUET IN WASHINGTON NEW YORK, April 23 (UP)— A group of U. S. newspapermen had the opportunity of. personally meeting Mario Moreno (Cantin- flas), at a.banquet in his honor given by Justo Sierra, Counselor of the Mexican Embassy in Wash- ington. The banquet was held at the “National Press Club, and more than 20 journalists attended, among them several drama critics. Answering a toast by Sierra, Cantinflas, whose picutre “Around the World in Eighty Days” is be- ing exhibited now in Washington and other U. S. cities, said this was his first visit to the U. S. capital and he felt at home here. - He added that it seemed to him as if he had known the newsmen for a long time and declared that he would be glad to receive them in México. Jay Carmody, of The Washing- ton Evening Star, spoke briefly as dean of dramatic critics of Wash- ington, to welcome Cantinflas. Robert L. Coe, dramatic art crit- ie of The Washington Post, also spoke during the dinner. Among the guests were the Mexican Ambassador to the Unit- ed States, Manuel Tello, and the Mexican Ambassador to the Or- ganization of American States, Luis Quintanilla. Tello ard Quintanilla will both offer a receptions for the Mexican actor during his stay in Washing- ton. Dr. Mora Praises Inter American Defense Treaty WASHINGTON, April 23 (UP) —Dr. José A. Mora, Secretary Gen- eral of the Organization of Ameri- can States (OAS), speaking at the National Democratic Women Club, said that the Inter American De- tense Treaty is one of the great- est exponents of cooperation be- tween the Americas. Mora explained that the Treaty, conceived by the 1947 Inter Ame- rican Conference, which met in Rio de Janeiro, represents a signi- ficative extension of the Monroe Doctrine. The Treaty calls for collective defense in the case of any of the American Republics being attack- ed. Mora, born in Montevideo, Uru- guay, said he considers the United States his second Fatherland, as he has resided in this country for .al- most thirty years, serving Uru- guayan Government posts. Mora also said that the project- ed establishment of an Inter Ame- rican Nuclear Investigations Cen- ter at San Juan, Puerto Rico, will contribute to the fast economic development of the Americas. Construction being done in- cludes a 30,000-kilowatt generating plant here, nine sub-stations in the states of Coahuila, Chihuahua and Durango and additional distribut- ing systems for 20 cities. STUDENT EXCHANGE MEXICO-FRANCE~ - MEXICO CITY (UP)— Two young Mexicans will go to France this year to study forestry methods under scholarships granted by the French Institute for Latin Ameri- ca, an official sid. _At the same time two French students will study in México un- der grants of the Mexican Forestry Society. - Society President Julio Riquel- me Inda said the exchange pro- gram proposed-by México will be of great benefit to both countries, RUIZ CORTINES INVITED TO WEDDING OF 3,000 MEXICO CITY (UP)— Presi- dent Adolfo Ruiz Cortines was in- vited to attend the collective wed- ding of 1,500 couples on occasion of the inauguration of a new hous- ing project for workers May 15. The project, carried out by the Mexican Social Security Institute, will-provide the couples with mo- dern apartments at low rents. In Official Says to Newsmen “THERE IS NO TERROR IN CUBA” SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT STATES Cuban Students Declare Mourning Periods for Those Killed by Police in Havana WAEHINGTON, April 28 (UP) — A high official in President Batista’s Government said today that students, professional publici- ty seekers, “instigated by com- munist tactics,” are the causes of unrest in Cuba. Dr. Evelio Penton, Schools Sup- erintendent of the Cuban Ministry of Education, told newspapermen that “there is not terror” in Cuba as it has been informed. “We, who live in Cuba — he said — do not find the state of general unrest reported in foreign news- papers.” Penton came here yesterday and will remain two weeks in the United States studying the »na- tion’s school system. He will stay here one week and in New York another week before returning to Cuba. The Cuban official intends to return to the United States in June to visit other States of the na- tion. Penton admitted that it is easy to blame the communists for the present day’s unrest but he added that his government has conclu- sive proof that the tactics used for the so-called students are copied “word by word. and line by line,” from communist publications. MOURNING PERIODS HAVANA, April 23 (UP)— Pub- Jie Schools in the whole country have declared periods of mourn- ing of diverse duration, for the University students killed by the Police last Saturday. . In Havana, the Provincial Fed- eration of High Schools and the School of Commerce, voted for sus- pension of classes during a week and three days, respectively. Meanwhile, informed persons said that one of the two students who succeeded, in eluding the po- lice last Saturday — Eugenio Pé- rez Cowley, 20 — seeked asylum at the Brazilian Embassy. The police was looking for Pérez Cowley and Marcos Armando Ro- driguez the other student who es- caped, whom they accused of ter- rorist acts. José Pardo Llada, leader of the opposition, said, in a radio broad- cast that four unidentified civilians unsuccessfully tried to kidnap Pe- layo Cuervo Navarro’s son. Cuer- vo Navarro was the ex Senator misteriously assassinated on March 14, the day following the assault to the Presidential Palace. Pardo Llada said that these four individuals “fled terrified” when the mother of the boy refused to let them in, insisting that if they did not go away, she would wake up the meighborhood. Last Saturday the police raided an apartment in Vedado, wheré several students, whom the govern- ment accused of sedition and cri- minal acts, were hidden. In an ex- change of shots that ensued, be- tween the police and them, Fruc- tuoso Rodriguez, ad-interim Pre- sident of the University Students; Juan -O. Carbé, who according to the Police was one of the trig. germen at last year assassination of Colonel Antonio Blanco Rico; José M. Rodriguez, one particpant in the Presidential Palace attack; and José Westbrook Rosales were killed. Fructuoso Rodriguez has assum- ed the Presidency of the Students Federation, when the President, José A. Echeverria, lost his life in the attack to a suburban Radio Sta- tion, which was timed simultane- ously with the attack to the Presi- dential Palacn in which José M. Rodriguez participated. . Juan Nuiry, who is in line to sue- ceed Rodriguez in the Federation Presidency, is now refuged in the Mexican Embassy waiting for -a safe-pass to leave the country. The New York Times Lashes Cuban Regime for Killing of Students NEW YORK, April 28 (UP)— Under the title “The Cuban Stud- ents,” The New York Times pub- lishes today the following editor- ial: “Whether any particular reader of The New York Times is or is not acquainted with the difficulties of Cuba today, he must surely have had a shock on seeing a front-page story in the Sunday edition head: lined: “Police in Havana Kill 4 Students.” Most people will won- der at a situation where the po- lice hunt down university students like the most dangerous type of criminals. They could also wonder addition, the Institute will write out checks and give clothes and food to each “as a stimulus to other couples living outside the legal marital bonds to comply with the law.” \FREE RIDE PROVES FATAL TO FOUR CHILPANCINGO, México (UP) —A truck plunged 150 feet into a ravine, killing four and injuring 20 of the 40 persons driver Enri- que Catalan was giving a free ride here from Acapulco. /The accident occurred at the small village of Acaguizotla, about 20 miles south of Chilpancingo. Catalan was among the dead. PROMINENT PERUVIAN DIES IN+-LIMA LIMA, Perié (UP)— Francisco Tamayo, former Peruvian Minister of Interior and prominent legis- lator, died here at the age of 65. Tamayo was Interior Minister during the administration of Pre- sident Luis Sanchez Cerro, 1931- 33. He represented his native Cuz- eo in Congress for many years. ' As a leading opponent of the dictatorship of President Manuel Odria he was arrested a number of times, the last one in February 1956, why these students did not sur- render when they saw themselves trapped. “The answer to these questions is that Cuba has a harsh military dictatorship which the youth of the island — the university students included — oppose. It has always been the tradition of Cuban stud- ents to fight and die for liberty. They did so against the Spaniards; they did so against the brutal dic- tatorship of President Gerardo Ma- chado twenty fire and thirty years ago; they are doing so now against the dictatorship of General Ful- gencio Batista. “Students like the four who were killed in Havana on Saturday are almost all well-bred, decent, highminded boys who — whether one agrees with them or not — fight and die for their ideal of freedom. The main reason they are nowadays shooting it out with the police or taking refuge in foreign embassies rather than surrender is that they know from previous experience that if arrested they will at the very leaast be terribly beaten up and may be tortured abominably. “This form of counter-terrorism is not bringing internal peace to Cuba. On the contrary, it’ is ex acerbating an already embittered atmosphere. The Government can- not hope to impress either Cubans or the outside world with the stag ed demonstrations and attestations that General Juan Perén of Argen- tina and Generalissimo Trujillo of the Dominican Republic showed how to organize, To keep denying that Fidel Castro, the young rebel leader, is in the Sierra Maestra is bound to prove a boomerang. The truth is that Fidel Castro is still in the Sierra and apparently stronger than ever, “In any circumstances, it is real- ly. useless to try to persuade Ame- rieans that all is well in Cuba to- day.”