Diario las Américas Newspaper, November 6, 1956, Page 10

» (ef the Organization. i} Inter-American News for English- Speaking people For a better understanding between the Americas 4th YEAR MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1956 ea tax nous c wc comme ARGENTINA TO OFFER NUCLEAR| = GOLDEN ANNIVERSARY HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher t Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Advertising and Circulation Mgr || ‘ublished @aily except Monday — fmered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. on February & 1956. ae SS AY EDITORIAL ELECTION DAY The people of the United States, in the exercise; of their democratic rights, will go today to the polls Eliseo Riera-Gomez | RESEARCH FACILITIES TO. ALL LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES WASHINGTON —(UP) — Ar-| Commission told the United Press gentina has offered to open its|he made the offer to Dr. José A. proposed $5,500,000 nuclear re- | Mora, Secretary-General of the Or- search center to scientists from | ganization of American States, all Latin America interested in | during a round of high level talks advancing peaceful uses of the | here. ‘o deposit their vote in the elections for President of the Republic, an act which in this country is of | rreat political transcendence, because it takes place) within the most strict institutional norms. | Here victory goes to the candidate having the najority of votes of the people of the United States. “or that reason, each citizen exercises suffrage with) in immense moral satisfaction, because he is sure| iot to be the victim of a mockery. The voting majority in Florida, especially those| of Latin American origin, will give their vote to Adlai E. Stevenson, the candidate which has won ‘he support and recommendation of the Governor of the State and of the U. S. Senators and Represen- tatives., Besides, he is well identified with the Pana- mericanist aspirations of the citizens of the United States of Hispanic origin, who, conscious of the importance that for the United States and for Latin} America has a better understanding among them, are especially interested in the victory of Stevenson. | THE AMERICAS DAILY, in commenting edi-| torially on the democratic trascendence of the great event of today, the Presidential elections in a Re-| public that really is a Republic in the institutional | sense of the term, stresses the merits of Adlai E. Stevenson, the illustrious candidate of the Demo-| cratic Party, for President of the United States. CRIME AGAINST HUNGARY In open violation of every principle of inter-; national justice and of every concept of peace and human dignity, Russia, in treacherous attack, sub- jugated with the use of powerful armaments the revolutionary Government of Hungary, that Gov- ernment which had gained Public Power with the| support of the majority of the people, as shown, | with heroism, in the most impassioned crusade of | her history. When Russian and Hungarian diplomats, in| accordance with the norms of civilization, were about to negotiate the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Hungary, the communist guns and tanks cut) down the gallant civilian population which made the | revolution possible, deposed the popular authorities and decimated the national army. The hierarchs of the Kremlin, in an act that will he condemned by humanity for centuries to come, drowned in blood the aspiration of a people who wish to be free and independent, and who hate the communist dictatorship and the servitude that) Russia had imposed on them by force of arms. In an uneven struggle, one of the biggest powers in the world, Russia, which has become today a great power due to the candor of the democratic world, has brought death, destruction and misery to Hun- gary. The noble Hungarian nation has enjoyed, on the other hand, its share of glory with the heroism of her sons. The blood of Hungarians, spilled in torrents by ‘Soviet imperialism, pray to heavens and civilized humanity for justice; and, as long as the world keeps an account of its history, the Russian com- munists, the men who form its present government, will be the object of universal condemnation, for this act of military savagery, of primitive imperia- lism, against a people that do not want to be enslav- ed, that aspire to be independent and that, for the prestige of their traditional culture and the high values of their nationality, deserve a higher position in international life than that which Russia imposes on them by sheer force. CHARTER OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES ¢ PART ONE CHAPTER I NATURE AND PURPOSES ARTICLE I 1 The American States establish by this Charter the international organization that they have developed to achieve an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collabora- tion, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity and) | their independence. Within the United Nations, the Organization of | American States is a regional agency. | ARTICLE 2 All American States that ratify the present Charter are Members it ARTICLE 3 | Any new political entity that arises’ from the union of several BRAZIL — With an area of 3,- 289,440 square miles, Brazil is the | third largest country in the world | as regards continuous land surface. It covers about 250,000 square miles more than the United States from Canada to México and is thirty times larger than the British atom, it has been disclosed. He said the Argentine proposal Chairman Oscar A. Quihilalt of | will also be submitted to the Inter- the Argentine Atomic Energy | American Presidential Commission scheduled to meet here in January | to consider measures to hasten eco- K N 0 W nomic development, including the | pplication of the atom to indus- T H try, agriculture and medicine. Y | Quihillalt predicted that the re- |search center, to be constructed N E | G H B 0 R at Parque Pereira, 30 kilometers | outside of Buenos Aires, will be | completed by 1958. Two schools for By ANTONIO RUIZ | reactor specialists and metal- |lurgists are already in operation under the supervision of the Ar- gentine AEC, he said. The Argentine AEC Chief said he expects to sign in about a month an agreement to purchase an ex- perimental reactor from the Unit- ed States. This would be the frist jrange between the hottest and the counting inlets and estuaries. It Isles. The maximum distance from north to south is 2,685 miles and | from West to east~ 2,690 which is | equivalent to a trans-ocean flight | from London to Nova Scotia or to | the coast of Maine. Four-fifths of this area are locat- | ed between the Equator and the |- Tropic of Capricorn, but this does | not mean that all the regions of | Brazil suffer from an unbearably | torrid climate. On the contrary, such adverse conditions are the ex- ception, for the south of the coun- | try is not the only temperate re- gion, due to the fact that altitude | offsets latitude and 57 per cent of the land lies between 650 and 3,- 000 feet above sea level. | Brazil is essentially formed by 4 slightly tilted plateau, the high- est edge of which overlooks the | Atlantic Ocean, while inland the | ground falls off gradually in a northwesterly direction toward the vast plain of the Anfazon, which separates it from the Guiana mas- sif. This mountain mass, like its Brazilian counterpart, is made up| of ancient crystalline rock covered | mations. The mean tebperature is fairly high in the Amazonia and all the northeast, from 77 to 79 degrees F., but it drops as one travels southward until only about 66 de- grees are registered at Porto Ale- gree, At the same time, there is a| progressively wider temperature coldest months. Heavy rainfall and relative humidity prevail in the Amazonia and on the east coast, but these two strips of land area are separated by a dry zone, cor- responding to the Brazilian up< lands and stretching from the southwest to the northeast. These climatic conditions are re- flected, in the vegetation: tropical rainforests are found in the north and along the coast, pinewoods in the south, while the intermedi-| ate plant cover consists mainly of grassland, interspersed with clumps of trees and thickets, merg- ing into the “caatinga” of the northeast with its desert cacti and thorny twisted trees. Between the northeast and the Amazon rain- forest there is a zone where palm- | trees grow in profusion, including coconut and babassii palms. The extreme south is a land of rolling praires, Brazil’s Atlantie seaboard is close to 5,000 miles in length, not | | was here that colonization began | and the activities of the early set-| tlers were long confined to the| narrow strip of lowlands by the forbidding aspect: of the densely wooded counterscarp that edged the inland plateau. From the Oya- pok down to Maranhao, this re- gion rises little above sea level and is often flooded, but from Ma- ranhao to Bahia it is higher, with an irregular coastline. The northeast coast has. always been the center of sugar cane growing, while from Bahia to Rio the crystalline mass of the Brazilian highlands converges on the seaboard, where the soil is suit- able for cacao, South of Bahia, and is enriched by the alluvial deltas of the Doce and Paraiba rivers, From the Paraiba plain the coffee planta- tions spread inland to the State of Sao Paulo. In the states of Sao Paulo and Parana the southern lit- oral is likewise crystalline and the mountains slope steeply to the water’s edge with every now and then a stretch of narrow coastal plain. In Santa Catarina, however, the counterscap withdraws, leaving a much wider strip of fertile low- ‘Member States and that, as such, ratifies the present charter, shall become a Member of the Organization. The entry of the new political | entity into the Organization shall result in the loss of membership of | each one of the States which constitute it. ‘ : (To Be Continued) ee ri | dunes lands, while still farther south, and lagoons are the domin. ant features. over in places by more recent for- | ~ major step to implement the atoms for-peace agreement the two coun- tries signed last June. The United States has pledged to pay $350,000 towards the cost of the reactor, estimated to be slight- ly over $2,000,000. Quihillalt said that in his talks with Adm. Lewis L., Strauss, (Chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission), he had secured the advice of experts who would travel to Argentina ear- ly next year to assist in the con- struction of the center. As soon as the reactor is installed, he explain- ed, the Argentine government will begin construction of laboratories and ‘training facilities evidently with an eye to becoming Latin America’s chief research center in the nuclear field. United States atomic experts, several of whom have visited the Argentine, are known to be favor- able impressed with the quality of the research and with the effi- ciency of the commission’s pro- gram, OCCUPANTS OF LOST CHILEAN PLANE ARE SAFE IN PANAMA PANAMA, Nov, 5—(UP)— Two broken arms were the only dam- ages suffered by the occupants of the cargo plane which, day before yesterday, had a forced landing near the town of Guarachine, in the Pacific coast. The helicopter of the U. S. Air Force which went to Guarachine to pick them up, radioed that there were seven persons onboard the plane, but did not identified those who suffered the fractures. The Chilean plane, for which a search had been going on for al- most two days, had a forced land- ing at “Playa de la Muerte” (The Beach of Death), about 16 miles south of Guarachine. The occupants arrived on foot in that town, at the entrance of San Miguel Bay. The plane was flying from Cuba to Panama when it advised it was in difficulties, For more than one day its fate was unknown, until the occupants arrived in the town. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS EXIMPORT GRANTS CREDITS TO MEXICAN IMPORTERS WASHINGTON (UP). — Ex port credits for $101,700 were granted to Mexican applicants. to finance the purchase of United States products, announced the Export-Import Bank here. These credits, which were ap- proved by the Board of Directors of the Institution, will finance $24,000 cost of manual road level- ing machines, cylinder rollers, dirt removers, ditch diggers, crushers, machinery for the sugar industry at Betarraga and equipment for cotton goods manufacture; $75,000 for agricultural and Industrial trac- tors, towing trucks and agricul- tural implements; and $2,700 for agricultural sprayers and its BRAZILIAN ENDORSED FOR NOBEL PRIZE RIO DE JANEIRO—(UP)— The Executive Council of the Univer- sity of Brazil has endorsed the pro- posal of the New York Explorers Club nominating Marshal Mariano Rondon for the Nobel Peace Prize (Continued tomorrow) Spanish Version Page 3 for his work in pacifying Brazil’s many savage Indian tribes. i Rondon, who is now 92 years With the occasion of the celebration today of the Golden Anniversary in his diplomatic career, the Hon. Ambassador of the Republic of Cuba to the White House, Dr. Miguel Angel de la Campa, will receive multiple mani- festation of esteem, good will and respect from all those who know well this outstanding Cuban statesman, especially from his many friends. _ _ During fifty years of worthy service to the Republic in the diplomatic corps, from Embassy Secretary to Secre- tary of State, Dr. Campa has demostrated to be a public official with a high sense of responsibility and with all the requirements for success. In our Sunday Suplement, on November 11, we will publish, with photographs, an interesting interview with the ilustrious Cuban diplomat by Guillermo Cabrera Leyva, for THE AMERICAS DAILY. _ With the occasion of this anniversary, of so much significance for Arrbassador Campa, we send him to Wash- ington our most cordial congratulations. RESIGNATIONS NOT ACCEPTED | PANAMA, (SICO) — The President of the Republic, Ernesto de la | Guardia Jr., addressed a letter to ex Presidents of the Republic, Ri- cardo J. Alfaro, and Harmodio Arias, as well as other members of the National Council of Foreign Relations, in which he refuses to accept the resignations they had sumbitted. “There are no reason whatsoever—says the President—that may change the very high opinion I have, both personal and as Head of the State, of the pa- triotism, dedication and talent of all of you. And, therefore, I take the liberty to ask you to withdraw your resignations and to continue, as up to now, lending the Fatherland the lights of your intelligence and the fruits of the vast experience in matters of so much national interest as are foreign relations”. ASUNCION, Nov. 5—(UP)— It was officially announced that a subversive plan “to assassinate | Government and Colorado Party political leaders, in which Army retired Officers and opposition po- liticians were involved, has been discovered; but there has been no alteration of public order. The Chief of Police of Asun- eién, Major Ramén Duarte Vera, gave for publicity the following | communique: | “The capital’s Police Headquart- ers reports that on Friday, the 2nd. of November, a subversive plan to attack Army Barracks and assassinate political leaders of the Government and Colorado Party was discovered. Involved in the plan are retired Army.officers and civilians leaders of the opposition parties. The arrival here of the Fe- brerist leader Colonel (retired) Ra- fael Franco, coincided with the eve of the date indicated for the start- ing of the movement. Investiga- tions for the complete coverage of the frustrated plan and identifi- cation of the persons involved, who will be prosecuted under existing laws, continue. In due time and through the corresponding channels, ample and documented information will be given out. There has not been any public dis- orders. GENERAL RAFAEL FRANCO DEPORTED TO ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES, Nov. 5—(UP) —‘La Nacién” reports that Gen- eral Rafael Franco, Head of Para guay’s Febrerist Party, was sum. marily deported from Asuncién, a few moments after he arrived at the Paraguayan capital, to start negotiations tending “to bring my country back to its institution- al life.” In a dispatch from its corres- pondent in Clorinda (Argentina), “La Nacion” states that Franco ar- rived ‘in the regular seaplane SUBVERSIVE PLOT IN PARAGUAY brought out of it by Paraguayan policemen who took him in a launch to Puerto Elsa, across the Argentinian town of Clorinda, where he was delivered to the Ar- gentinian National Gendarmerie. After his documents were scanned he was permitted to continue to} the home of place.” “La Nacién” dispatch also said that mews of a supposed uprising of Paraguayan Army units, could not be confirmed, but that the flu- vial traffic between Clorinda and Asuncion is still interrupted. At Buenos Aires, the Paragua- a resident of the yan ex-Minister of Foreign Rela- | tions and Febrerist leader Juan \Stefanich, confirmed that Franco was forced to leave Asuncién as) soon as he alighted from the plane, but insisted that his (Franco) pur- poses were peaceful and tending to contribute to the re-establishment of an ambient of political under- standing in Paraguay. For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER 100 Middle Eastern Crisis Increases Cooperation Among American Nations WASHINGTON—(UP)— Latin American diplomatic obser- vers estimate that the Middle East- ern crisis has had the preliminary effect of strengthening the politic- al and economic ties among the 21 American Republics. Latin American views and reac- tions, as thus far reported, are con- |. sidered to be closer to those of the United States Government than at the inception of any previous great international crisis. This _ was demonstrated when all of the American Republics voted for the Dulles resolution at the U. N. Gen- eral Assembly for a cease-fire in Egypt. The opinion. here is that all of the Latin American Republics are | disposed to “go along” with Unit- jed States policy of non-involve- ment in the middle Eastern con- flict, efforts to confine the scope of hostilities, and establish the authority of the United Nations to restrain aggression in ay part of the world. In previous world crisis, months ‘or years elapsed before there was a common opinion among all of the American Republics concern- ing national desires ahd the orien- tation of Pan American opinion. In the present situation, all of the Latin American countries ap- parently are moved by a desire to strengthen the international bulwarks against the resort to force in solution of. controversies, The Latin American opinion concerning the Middle East hos- tilities is moderated, however, by tradional friendship of most coun- tries toward Great Britain and France; and awareness that there | were numerous provocations to the employment of force, and some un- certainty whether the pacific ob- jectives of the United Nations maj- ority can be realized in the fact of a complicated and involved mili- tary situation. As of today, some of the best- informed Latin American obser vers felt that the scope of the Mid- dle Eastern hostilities will be con- fined and ‘that a restoration of ‘peace may occur within a short time. Latin American observers watch the economic repercussions of Some ; the Middle Eastern conflict from the standpoint of probably stimu- lating influence on basic com- modities prices, especially me- tals, petroleum, and fibers. México to Deport Canadian Charged With Robbery MEXICO CITY—(UP)— A Can- adian ex-convict who charged he was blackmailed by Mexican Se- eret Agents has been arrested for deportation in connection with a $16,000 Ontario robbery, Immigra- tion officials said. Louis Allan Molner was held aft- er his record came to light in the investigation of extortion charges he filed with his bride of three months, the former Rita Ann, La- bine, 21-year-old daughter of Toronto millionaire. i Officials said deportation pro- ceedings will start “soon.” Molner and his wife charged last month they were the victims of a blackmail hijacking by four Mexic- an “secret agents.” The four broke into the Molner apartment here, stole her jewelry, radio and other articles, and de+ manded $10,000 at gunpoint to keep quiet about alleged immigra- tion irregularities by the couple. The four men were arrested and are now in jail waiting trial. Short- ly after the blackmail attack, the 33-year-old former RCAF flyer de- nied any knowledge of the $16, 000 robbery in Canada. He said he planned to remain in México “for the time being” and that he had not been notified of any extraét”” tion proceedings against him. However, the immigration office here questioned Molner and order- ed an investigation for his possible deportation. Officials said that after exam- ining Molmer’s record they had de- cided to arrest him and start pro- ceedings for his deportation. Argentine Diplomat Warns UN on UNITED NATIONS, Nov. 6 — (UP)— Argentina, expressing the position of the Latin American Bloc in regard to the Hungariar problem, warned the United Na- tions that if “the sacred eaused of the Hungarian people” is not help- ed the people who love peace and ‘liberty will feel: abandoned. Admiral Anibal Olivieri, Argen- tinian Ambassador, told the As- sembly that he did not hesitate to qualify the debate “historical and transcendental.” “I will neither hesitate to af- which serves Asuncién and was old, is still active in supporting the efforts to continue the work he began many years ago as a young army officer charged with the installation of telegraph service in the vast unexplored Brazilian interior. TRACTOR MONOPOLY IN ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— The Argentine Rural Confederation has asked the Argentine Central Bank to authorize the importation of 500 British “Fordson Major” trac- tors and break the “virtual mono- poly” of the FIAT, Hanomag, Otto Deutz and Fahr tractor companies in the Argentine market. The formal note said that a maximum of 259,075 pounds sterling would be required to import the British tractors FOB London, which at the free rate of exchange of the peso would make it 58,386 pesos per tractor, equip- ped with hydraulic lift. Because of the special situation under which the four firms now assembling tractors in the Argen- tine are the only suppliers, the note said the price of a tractor firm — he added — that if, from Argentine market now is more than 100,000 pesos. DIESELS FOR PERU WASHINGTON —(UP)— The Commerce Department’s publica- tion called Foreign Commerce Weekly says that the Peruvian Corporation, a British-owned con- cern operating the largest railway system in Peru, has ordered from a United States firm three double diesel electric locomotives. They will be used on Southern Railways of Peru. The Peruvian Central Railway was reported to have ordered 70 freight cars for minerals and 60 general cargo cars, from sources not indicated in the Commerce De- partment publication. NEW CONTRACT WITH KAISER ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— A’re- vised contract between the Argen- tine Government and the Kaiser Company for the making of jeeps, pany’s buru and his entire cabinet. trucks and automobiles in the com- Cérdoba plant was sub+ mitted to President Pedro E. Aram- the actual crisis the United Nations is facing, our organization does not come out with renewed con- fidence in its powers to confront and solve the grave problems of peace and international relations, its cause will be dangerously weak- ened.” Since last Oct. 28th. Argentina, in a letter addressed to the Secret- ary General of the United Nations, reported that she had initiated, among the Latin American Repub- lies, steps to present a unanimous front in backing up the Hungarian people, “engaged in deciding their Latin American News in Brief cabinet” in a preliminary step. The original contract, negotlat- ed between the company (Kaiser- Argentina) and the ousted Perén dictatorship, was subjected to re- visions by, the Revolutionary Pro- visional Government. ARGENTINE AID FOR HUNGARIANS BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— The Argentine Foreign Ministry has directed its London Embassy to purchase foodstuffs and medical supplies for shipment to Hungary, as the quickest way of contributing to alleviate the effects of civil war in that country. The Foreign Ministry is also studying means of getting further relief goods to Hungary directly from Argentina as the situation permits greater facility of\ trans- portation. ITALY SUPPLYING CUBA RAILWAY MATERIALS HAVANA—(UP)— The Ameri- can-owned Consolidated Railways of Cuba has signed a contract: with Help to “Hungary's Sacred Cause own destiny, free of foreign inter- ference.” Olivieri added that if an- effec- tive and opportune remedy is not found “our future in the United Nations, instead of uncertain, is decidedly grave.” “A people of millenary traject- ory claims the right to elect its own system of life and its own government, and a great power, with the pretext of juridical justi- fications of weak validity, drowns in blood and oppression that right,” ‘Olivieri emphasized. “This is — he said — the pro- blem we face, presented in all its seriousness and extension, in the Argentinian sense. The govern- ment and people of Argentina feels the categoric imperative of de- fining their position, They feel it, for the transcript of their his- tory.” Olivieri affirmed that the Unit. ed Nations “should come forward, prompt ‘and decidedly” to help Hungary and ‘‘avoid the’ frustra- tion of her liberation.” “The watch-word can be no oth- er than “Now or Never,” he said. “The principles at stake are the autodetermination and the no in- tervention. We should reject, as fallacious, the arguments stating that the events ocurring in Hun- gary are the result of reactionary forces. On the .contrary, the reac- tionaries are those trying to choke the liberty that has emerged, unrestrainablé, in Hungarian soil. Argentina ask the intervention of the United Nations to demand, for the Hungarian people, the right of defining without foreign inter- ference their own fate; and gen- erously offers her help, in the measure of her possibilities, with food and medicines. Olivieri ended his address, with the following words: “The Argen- tinian Government ask that cate- goric measures are adopted. so the sacred cause of the Hungarian peo- ple will not be frustrated, and of- the Italian FIAT Company for the The contract was approved by equivalent to the Fordson in the the five-minister ‘“economic-social purchase of $5 million worth of railway materials, fers now its decided backing to any proposition presented with this purpose,” ,