Diario las Américas Newspaper, November 2, 1956, Page 10

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR @. A SAN ROMAN C. W SMITH Ss. SMITR President Vice President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Viee President and Publisher Autenio Ruiz Managing Editor HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President. Editar and Maneger Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr SE nea eee ne ER Published Mey except Monday — @mtered as second Compe ged at the Post lee of Miami Springs Fla. om February EDITORIAL ALL SOULS DAY A tradition which has deep roots in the Latin American countries, tradition based in the religion | prevailing in those nations—the Catholic—conse-| crates November 2 of each year to the memory of the dead. In all those nations , as well as in many of Europe, on each November 2 all activities in the daily life are. suspended, to say prayers for the souls of those who are gone, It is tion from worldly conce a day of spiritual abstrac- rns, The bells of all the magnificent Cathedrals and churches, most of them centuries old, ring from the stately towers, notes of bronce played with a sad, slow rhythm. Over the graves in the cemeteries, pious hands of relatives place flowers sincere tears run from said with deep emotion Sunset*during November which are symbols of love, loving eyes, and prayers and respect are heard. 2 falls over the cemeteries with special solemnity, finding among them, among the dead, those whe are religious call, as if they sacred place, to whisper thought of affection, to g within ‘the orbit of rem THE AMERICAS still alive answering the had a rendezvous in that a prayer, to consecrate a ‘ive expansion to the spirit embrances. DAILY, with respectful devotion, interpreting the Latin American feelings, pays tribute to this All Souls Day, in which the tradition of those nations and the religion. prevail- ing in them, dedicate their deepest spiritual feelings to pav homage to the me mory. and to the souls of those who have passed on to eternal life. THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE MIDDLE EAST PROBLEM \ The General Assembly of the United Nations will have under consideration within a few hours the very serious problem presented by the war against Egypt in which France, Britain and Israel are engaged. Outside of the Arab nations which, out of solidarity, support the Egyptian. Government, there are no indications that other powers will ‘take isolated action, and that the UNO, in General Assembly, will have to conflict. concern itself with this The United Nations, and in particular the western alliance, are facing this vital test. If the diplomatic resources of the UNO are not capable of solving the problem, i t would fall within zones alien to international cordiality, and then the most convenient attitude to be followed would be left to be decided. In this case, a repeti' Korea would not be easy, ition of what happened in since there is a deep gap among. the western nations, motivated by the mili- | tary action of France and Great Britain. Regarding the communist invasion of South Korea, the western powers and democracies of the world condemned it, and supported the ONU in its struggle to defend South Korea. The current crisis, on the other hand, is completely different. Russia and the United States, as well as many democratic countries, are not in agreement with the policies adopted by France and Britain. It is logic, therefore, that a great expectation should exist in the world about the way in which the UNO is going to handle the problem, the first one in which the great western powers are not in the same field. ‘U.S, Department of Commerce Makes Analysis of Cuban Economic Trends HAVANA —(INDOAMERICAN PRESS) — The United States Commerce Department Statistics Office’ has just published a re- sume of the efforts of the Latin American. countries to enlarge their production,at least, to a rythm equal to the increase of their population; by means of invest- ments of new.-capital and utiliza- tion of their natural resources in the form that will render larger profits. to confront the needs, which are bigger day after day, of profitable. wealth. These statistics of the United States Commerce Department, in its analysis dedicated to Cuba, brings out that, while the popula. tioni ‘nereased one and one third per cent during 1955, public in- come reached seven and eight per eent, during the same period, in relation with. that demographic increase, as the result of a plan of intensive development of priv: ate investments ‘in the industriali- zation of the country. Washington’s Department of Commerce is referring to the meas- ures that the Government of Gen- eral Batista is applying, for the last three years, tyring to separate the national one crop economy from the sugar cane cultivation, by creation of provisions industries for local consumption, so as to le- vel off the deficit which drain the capitalization currency resources in an approximate amount of three hundred millions dollars per year. In order that the importance of what it is being done in Cuba to level the production of wealth with the expenditures imposed by the provisions is appreciated, it is ne- cessary to know that only in two general lines, maritime freight and food imports Cuba spends about one hundred and seventy millions for the first mentioned and one hundred and fifty millions dollars for the second, She For a better understonding KNOW | NEIGHBOR || By ANTONIO RUIZ | MEXICO. (Continued), —After the ships were scuttled, the little Spanish army skirted Mt. Orizaba, a towering peak three thousand feet higher than any mountain in Europe. The soldier armor felt like fire under the tropical sun by day and like ice in the biting cold at night. At Tlaxcala they fought the local cacique’s army of 50.000 sol- diers, well trained, and very brave. Cortés had only 400 Spaniards, 13 horses, a few guns, clumsy and old- fashioned which some times failed to go off, and less than 2.000 Toto- nac allies, The battle was long and bitter, yet the Spaniards won. Their hor- ses and guns struck terror in the hearts of the natives. Their armor protected them from the arrows of the Indians who, besides, had the habit of trying not to kill the Span- iards but try to take them alive, so they could sacrifice them on their altars. But a man in armor was almost impossible to take alive. Another reason for Cortés victory was that the Tlaxcalans quarreled among themselves right in the midst of the battle, It turned out that the Tlaxcalans also hated Moctezuma’s men, who were preventing any salt or cotton from going into Tlaxcala. When the Tlaxcalans realized how powerful the little Spanish army was, they hoped to persuade Cortés to help them against Moctezuma, Cortés finally moved into the city of Tlax- cala as among friends. After a much needed rest, the Spaniards went on to ~ Cholula, where they were welcomed, but they soon found out that street barricades and traps had been set against them, In the dead of night, a Cholulan woman, out of kind- ness, came to warin Dofia Marina. “Flee from the white men”, she told her, “and come to live with me, for tomorrow they are all going to be killed. Moctezuma has or- dered our men to kill everyone of them”, Dofia Marina could have fled, but instead she decided to tell Cor- tés who just before down led his troops in a vicious attack, striking before they were ready, and killing more than 3.000 of them. After every battle he immediately offer- ed peace to his enemies if they would give allegiance to the king of Spain. The Cholulans accepted, and by November, 1519, Cortés was master of most of the country from the seacoast to the edge of the Valley of México. Moctezuma blocked certain roads and invited Cortés to enter his ca- pital by means of a broad high- way. Cortés, however, feared an ambush and’ chose instead to go by a high and difficult road far above the snow line which skirted the voleano, Popocatepetl. Sudden- ly the Spaniards saw, far below them, not one but thirty cities sprinkled around a large irregu- lar-shaped lake, at the edge of a broad plateau now known as the Valley of México. This community was Tenochtitlan, capital of Moc- tezuma’s empire. When he reached the valley, Cor- tés received visits of ambassadors from several towns asking him to help them against the dreaded Moc- tezuma. Ambassadors also came from Moctezuma with a new mes- sage, telling Cortés not to enter Tenochtitlan, Moctezuma offering to pay him a large amount of gold every year, which would be del- ivered at the seacoast. But Cortés ordered his army to advance. The next day they stopped in a town on the edge of the lake, and four Mexican noblemen arrived to tell Cortés that a nephew of the Em- peror was coming to see him. A great and imposing proces- sion of Mexicans followed, all rich- ly dressed, with the Emperor’s nephew riding in a litter-a sort of traveling throne made of carv- ed wood with beautiful designs worked in green feathers, and de- corated with gold, silver and pre- cious stones. When the Prince alighted, they swept the ground before him with brooms. The Prince told Cortés very emphatica- lly that the Spaniards were not to go any farther. Cortés, as usual, smiled, “spoke loving words”, gave the Prince a few pressents, and sent him away in the most friend- ly manner, Immediately, he order- ed his army to march forward, (Continued tomorrow). Spanish Version Page 3. Latin American Envoys Express Concern Over Middle East Situation |dispute the faet that peace has MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1956 UNITED NATIONS, Nov. 1 — (UP)— Pert and Cuba, evidently reflecting the general opinion of the other Latin-American delega- tions, backed up Jusgoslav propos- al to convoke an emergency meeting of the General Assembly to con-| sider the grave situation of the Near East. The Ambassadors from Pert and | |Cuba expressed that nobody could | been violated in Egypt. Dr. Victor Andrés Belatinde, Pe- ruvian Ambassador, said that it was urgent that the United Nations, complying with its duty, should intervene and try to re-establish peace in Egyptian territory invaded by Israeli troops and under attack by British and French air forces. He said that the “veto” exercised by Great Britain and France in the Council impeded any action of this Organism and, for that reason, the only recourse that was left is to recur to an emergency meeting of | the General Assembly. The Jugoslavian proposal is based in Section B of Article 8 of the bylaws of the General Assem- bly, which says: “In compliance of Resolution | 377 —(V) of the General Assem- bly, extraordinary periods of| emergency sessions should be con- voked within twenty four hours following the date in which the Secretary General had received to this effect a petition from the Council of Security, formulated by the vote of any seven of its mem- bers, or a petition of the majority of the United Nations, The Latin Americans explained their vote after the United States and Nationalist China announced their backing of the Jugoslavian Farewell Luncheon Given Panamanian Envoy Vallarino WASHINGTON —(UP)— High ranking State Department of- ficials and ambassadors of the Latin American nations attended a farewell luncheon for Panama Ambassador to the United States, Dr. Joaquin José Vallarino, Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Latin American Affairs, Roy R. Rubottom Jr., was the host, Vallarino will soon leave for Panama. His successor has not been announced yet. Earlier this week Vallarino was guest of honor at a luncheon at the White House given by Sher- man Adams, Assistant to the Pres- ident of the United. States, HONDURAS INVITES IAPA‘s DIRECTORS TO VISIT COUNTRY TEGUCIGALPA, Nov. 1 —(UP) —The new Military Junta Govern- ment of Honduras has extended an invitation to Inter American Press Association directors, now meeting in Havana, to come to this coun- try and see for ‘themselves the complete return of Honduras to the enjoyment of civie liberties. Foreign Minister Esteban Men- doza, in announcing the sending of the cable, said that it was addres- sed to IAPA’s President James G. Stahlman, and Jules Dubois, Pres- ident of IAPA’s Freedom of Press Committee. . The Government Junta, composed of Col. Héctor Caracciola, Gen. Ro- que V. Rodriguez and Major Ro- berto Galvez Bernes, assumed Executive power on October 21, in a peaceful change of government, which had the support of all pol- proposal. itical parties. Latest Tampa entrant in the 1957 Orange Bowl Queen contest, it was announced today, is Ade- laida Gonzalez, a junior at the University of Florida, She is the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. L. C. Gonzalez, 1405 Bayshore Blvd. The 19-year-old lovely graduated first in her class from H. B. Plant high school in 1954. Her fresh- man college year was at Randolph- Macon Women’s College, Lynch- burg, Va.. She is a member of Delta Delta Delta sorority. Miss Gonzalez is majoring in speech therapy and informed Orange Bowl Queen contest of- ficials she is particularly interest- ed in working with cerebral pal- sied children. Active in the Tampa Little Theater and the Florida Players at Gainesville, Adelaida listed acting as her hobby. Her triumphs in other charm contests lead judges to believe she should provide plenty of competi- tion in the Orange Bowl glamor marathon. ‘ These include Miss University of Florida, Military Ball Queen and Homecoming Queen HEMISPHERIC EVENTS CUBANS ARRESTED IN COSTA RICA SAN JOSE, Costa Rica —(UP)— Several Cuban political refugees were arrested after a demonstra- tion in front of the Presidential offices. The demonstration occurred shortly before a new Cuban Am- bassador called at the Palace to present his credentials. The dem- onstrators carried placards de- nouncing the present Cuban Gov- ernment. Minister of Public Security Fer- nando Valverde Vega made a per- sonal appeal to the demonstrators to withdraw. When one of the Cubans attacked Valverde and the others refused to disperse, Police intervened. PERUVIANS STRIKE LIMA, Peré —(UP)— Mure than 6,500 workers of the American-own- ed Cerro de Pasco Corporation went on strike demanding higher pay. The. stoppage involves 5,800 workers in the company’s huge smelters in Ia Oroya which >ro- cess gold, silver, copper, zine, ting, tungsten, bismuth, cadmium and selenium. More than 700 workers engaged in mining and building operations also walked out. Adelaida Gonzalez, Tampa, Enters Contest for “Orange Bow! Queen” Court. Adelaida was one of five finalists in the Miss Florida Page- ant and was selected by Compact Magazine as one of the nine pret- tiest coeds in tlte nation. Should Miss Gonzalez be select- ed from photos as a semi-finalist in the Orange Bowl contest, she will be invited to a luncheon Nov. 10 in Miami. This will be follow- ed by interviews with judges and the selection the same day of the 1957 Orange Bowl Queen and four princesses. Adelaida’s among the few native Floridians so far entered in the competition limited to Florida res- idents and girls from outside the state attending Florida schools. The deadline to submit required photographs to enter the Orange Bowl Queen contest, 615 S. W. Second Ave., Miami, is Saturday (Nov. 3). The age bracket is 18 to 24. The Orange Bowl Queen and princesses contract to devote their entire time to the Orange Bowl Festival, Dee. 26 through Jan. 2 in Miami. TWENTY ONE DROWN IN COLOMBIAN FLOODS BOGOTA, Colombia —(UP) — Twenty-one persons were known to have died and four others were reported missing in the wake of floods in scattered areas of Colom- bia. Thirteen persons, including five children, were drowned in the town of Mistrato, Caldas Depart- ment, when a dam across the Ri- saralda River collapsed. Four others died near the city of Neiva, Huila Department, when a passenger bus fell into a pool formed by flood waters. In a village. of Chocé Depart- ment, in the Northwestern corner of Colombia, four children were swept to their deaths; by a flash flood. Suburban areas of. Bogoté were flooded when retaining walls on the Fucha River collapsed. There were no casaulties, but 180 fam- ilies were left homeless. G. E, GETS CONTRACT BUENOS AIRES —(UP)— The General Electric Co. won a $20,- 250,000 contract to supply the port of Buenos Aires with 15 Diesel electric locomotives. The port administration announ one! between the Americas ANGEL RAMOS, OF “EL MUNDO”, SAN JUAN, ELECTED | TO IAPA POST HAVANA —(UP)— The As- sembly of the Inter American Press Association (IAPA) elect- ed as President of its Executive Committee, Angel Ramos, owner- editor of “El Mundo” of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Ramos re- places John Reitemeyer, owner- editor of the “Hartford Courant”, Hartford, Conn. It was also decided that the next yearly assembly will take place in Washington, D. C., in October 1957, accepting the in- vitation of the three principal dailies of the U. S. capital. The Assembly also elected, or re-elected, fifteen directors. IAPA has a total of 45. Those elected or re-elected were: David Mi- chel Torino, Ramén Blanco, Luis Mir6é Quesada, Jorge Mantilla, Harmodio Arias, Jorge Garcia Valseca, Ricardo Castro Beeche, Julio Mesquita, Guillermo Marti- nez Marquez, Clara Park de Pes- sino, Herbert Matthews, Marshall Field Jr., John Brogan, Roland Hudson and Jules Dubois. John O’Rourke was appointed IAPA’s first Vice President; Her- bert Moses of “O Globo” of Rio de Janeiro, second Vice Presi- dent; Jorge Mantilla of “El Co- mercio”, Quito, Secretary; and Robert Y. Brown, of “Editor and Publisher”, Treasurer. Perén Propaganda Machine Erased BUENOS AIRES, Nov. 1 —The provisional Argentine Government has erased the last traces of Perén régime’s propaganda and censor- ship machine. A decree, signed by President Pedro E. Aramburu and published yesterday, dissolved the Presiden- tial Press Secretariat which served as an instrument to control the press and propagandize the govern- ment of ousted dictator Juan D. Perén, “ . The decree placed the presiden- tial press secretary under the sec- retary-general of the Presidency. It also transferred newsprint dis- tribution to the Minister of Com- merce and the official printing plant and the official journal and archives to the Minister of Inte- rior. ced it had accepted the American company’s offer to build the 60- ton 500-HP locomotives at $1,350,- 000 each. PERUVIAN SHELF IS OPEN FOR BUSINESS LIMA, Per’ —(UP)— The Gov- ernment has announced that the open to exploration and exploita- Peruvian Continental Shelf is now open for exportation and exploita- tion by private capital and that geophysical surveys showed pos- sible offshore oil deposits there. The announcement said that dur- ing a 60-day period starting Dec. 29 it would receive bids from Pe- ruvian interests. At the expiration of that period, bids from foreign interests would be received dur- ing another 30 days. A single applicant can bid on 20 exploration and 10 exploitation con- cessions, provided the total ex- tension does not exceed 400,000 hectares —248,550 acres— the an- nouncement said. BUENOS AIRES LEAGUE JUST A RED FRONT BUENO SAIRES —(UP)— The Ministry of Interior charged that the local League for the Defense of the Rights of Man was really a second Communist party. 4 For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER 97 | Peruvian Journalist Gets “Hero of Press Freedom Award from IAPA Assembly Pedro Beltran, Went to Lima Jail. in Defense of Ideals of Liberty HAVANA, Nov. 1—(t?—The Gen- eral Assembly of the Inter-Amer- ican Press Association (IAPA) *in its final meeting, awarded -the prize of “Press Freedom Heroe” to Pedro Beltran, of Lima’s “La Prensa” “for resisting the attacks and pressure of the government (Odria’s) against press freedom” and for his incarceration in the defense of this freedom. The medal will be given to Bel- tran at the Congress IAPA will hold in Washington next year. The motion in favor of Beltran was introduced by Harmodio Arias of the ‘Panama American” and was seconded by Jules Dubois, of the “Chicago Tribune”, President of IAPA’s Freedom of the Press Com- mittee. All delegates, standing up, gave Beltran an ovation. The Delegates observed a min- ute of silence at the last plenary session of the Congress of 1956 in memory of the late Agustin Ed- wards, of “El Mercurio”, of Chile. On the initiative of Joshua Po- wers, of “Editors Press Service”, the Assembly appointed Carl Wackerman, Honorary Member of TAPA “for his life dedication to journalism”. » Wackerman is retired Doyen of New York’s Columbia University School of Journalism. The Assembly approved another motion submitted by Jorge Manti- lla, of Ecuador, recommending the North American newspapers to publish a daily column of Latin- American news, “for the -purpose of strengthening the fraternal bonds” between the United States Press and the Latin American. free Press”. es. emo The Assembly approved also .a motion from Chagas Freitas, of “A Noticia” and “O Dia”, of Rio de Janeiro, recommending the use of the portuguése language, besi- des Spanish and English, at the future sessions of the Assembly. Herbert Moses, also of Rio de-Ja neiro, seconded the motion; BETTER LIBERTY ABUSE THAN DICTATORSHIP HAVANA, Nov. 1—(UP)—Here is the text of the tenth reeommen- dation of the Inter-American Press Association Freedom of the Pres: Committee. z “We consider opportune to end this report with the beautiful words uttered by the President of the Mexican Republic, His Excellency Adolfo’ Ruiz Cortines, on’ Décem- ber 1st 1952, when, referring to civic liberties, he said: “Any abuse of liberty is better than the least indication of dictatorship”. How different would be the panorama of our Hemisphere, if all Chief Executives would engrave in. their minds this beautiful thought of freedom and include it in their po- itieal principles platform, so they will, after, practice it, demonstrat- ing with facts the democratic practices of which everyone of us are proud.” EI Salvador Combats Crime Wave SAN SALVADOR, Nov. 1 —(UP) —The President of the Republic, José M. Lemus, summoned news- papermen to his office, to announce projected law reforms which he will send to the’ National Assem- bly during this week. At the press conference were representatives of local press and radio, as well as those from the provinces and foreign news agen- ARMY OFFICERS JAILED IN CUBA HAVANA, Nov. 1 —(Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)— The Investigations services have made several arrests of suspects in the events registered in this city in the last days. It is known that among those arrested are Army Colonels Oscar Diaz and Vicente Leon. Also Army ex-General Jor- ge Garcia Tufién, his brother Pe- dro, Union leader Marcos Irigoyen and other persons are also under arrest. Latin American News in Brief Police raided the offices of this Communist front early this month. Interior Ministry officials said examination of tons of captured documents furnished conclusive proof that the League is linked with the Communist party and acts as a front organization behind which it cooperates with interna- tional Communist groups spreading Soviet policies, ~ Seized documents included plans for. creating confusion and unrest through a propaganda campaign, the Ministry said, x MILK FOR BRAZILIAN SCHOOLCHILDREN WASHINGTON —(UP)— Brazil has purchased 1,000 tons of pow- dered milk from the United States Government at a reduced price for its school luncheon program, The purchase was effected under a special provision which allows the United States to sell agricul- tural commodities to benefit school children of friendly countries, Bra- zil paid about $66,000 or three cies representatives, a total of about fifty persons. The reforms eliminate the obs- tacles to the application of the death penalty in cases of parricide and murder with robbery. President Lemus said that,‘per- sonally, he is against capital punishment, but that, as Chief of State, he had to assume that res- ponsibility. a hen He announced also that the Gov- ernment will decree the closing of liquor sale business Saturdays in the afternoon, Sundays and holi- days. The general purpose of the meas- ures is to combat a crime wave which is threatening social life, through the adoption of repressive and preventive measures. The President revealed that the Minister of the Treasury will _make a visit to Tegucigalpa, with the purpose of negotiating a new-com- mercial treaty between El Salva- dor and Honduras, which was pended because of the change of government in Honduras. Colombia Forbids Importation of 430 Articles BOGOTA, Nov. 1 —(UP)— The Council of Ministers approved a list containing 430 articles which importation is prohibited from now in. ¢ Minister of the Treasury, Luis Morales Gémez declared Monday that the prohibition “will not chan- ge in any form the development of national economy” as purchases abroad, of raw materials and. es- sential items for production, ° will be permitted with dollars at the official rate of exchange. The Min- ister of the Treasury also advanced the information that the approved list includes “sumptuary items” and that its application will sig: nify a saving for the country cal- culated in 60 millions dollars an nually, i The approval of the list of pro hibited imports does not imply immediate resumption of, import licenses issuing. The Minister of the Treasury declared that, the Exchange Register will continue closed during several weeks-yet, or “during the time that it may be necessary, while all the measur required by the present situation, cents per pound while the cost of the milk directly from manufac- ‘turers would be around 16 cents. and tending to normalize the com dition of the commercial balanes are taken”. niin id ——