Diario las Américas Newspaper, October 10, 1956, Page 10

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Fditor cw SMITR Vice President 8. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager all Seats to Honduran Eliseo Riera-Gome? Advertising and Circulation Mgr Sorvaremrauneesmememnal a ae a Published daily except Monday — fntered as second class saatter at the Post Office of Miami Springs, Fla op February & 1 EDITORIAL THE ANALYS(S OF POLITICAL PROBLEMS IN EACH COUNTRY Political life in the United States is so method- | ical; there is so much civic responsibility in the part of those who govern and the governed in this coun- try; democracy is so effective in this Republic, where freedom has no other limit that morality and the rights of others, that it is very difficult for this) people to understand the political problems of other parts of the world, in particular of the countries where that institutional normalcy does not prevail and where democracy does not function in a total | sense. Leaders of public opinion in the United States, especially those with the task of directing foreign) policies in this country, of necessity have to make| special efforts to thoroughly study political prob- lems of the above mentioned countries, establishing | corresponding differences and classifications at the hour of passing judgement on the life of those na- tions, In other words, it is not possible to analyze, at first sight, these matters, penetrating deeply in| those conflicts, with the application of the general rules with which the political events of the United States are studied. Since there are realities which| are different, it is only logic that the unit of measure used to calculate the dimension of the problem be! also different. The psychology of the peoples in Latin America, | Europe, Asia and Africa not-only in a more or less requires special studies,| global form —by geogra- phic zones— but also of a more particular character, country by country. The political convulsions constantly appearing in different regions or countries of the world can- not be analyzed only in the light of rules of general application to the political life of the U. S. people. | It is necessary to observe those convulsions careful- ly, by those who have the knowledge of the psy- chology of each problem; in order to avoid great errors of appreciation, because of lack of complete knowledge on the subject. These differences do not mean, in any manner, that the other countries in the world must maintain themselves at the edge of the goodness of the dem- ocratic institutions. that are enjoyed by the people of the United States. With the help of every country, including that of great moral value of the United States, it is pos- sible and should be attempted to inculcate in the whole world the norms of liberty which conduct the); life of this nation. Precisely, to facilitate that work of moral cooperation, it is convenient and | necessary that the leaders of United States public opinion and the directors of foreign policies of this country, which is the standard bearer of world democracy, thoroughly know, as much as it would be possible, all the hues of the political problems of other world regions, its antecedents and its consequences, as well as the temperamental, military, economic and educa- tive circumstances which, in great part, determine the existence of those problems, Mufioz Marin, Magsaysay, Highly Praised by “The New York Times” * NEW YORK, Oct. 9—(UP)—The awards; and it is not surprising New York Times in an editorial | today says governor Luis Mujioz Marin of Puerto Rico and Ramon ‘Magsaysay, president of the Philip- pines are “among the world’s most imteresting and effective champions of freedom. They have fought to make democratic government for their own peoples, a practical and meaningful thing, and both have earned the respect of free men everywhere.” The editorial continues: “These two leaders were ap- propriately honored by “Freedom House” Sunday night with its 1956 Venezuela Gets _ New Destroyer - LIORNA, Oct. 9—(UP)— The mew Venezuelan destroyer “Almi- rante José Garcia,” built in the Ansaldos Shipyards of this city, will be launched Friday, it was report- ed by company officials. * The “Almirante José Garcia” is the last of six destroyers built in Italy. for Venezuela. It will be launched by Mrs. Ilse Margarita de Hernandez, wife of Commander R. Hernandez, Vice President of the Venezuelan Military Mission. * The destroyer is of 1,300 tons, 97.60 meters long and 10.80 meters wide. The engines have a capacity of 24,800 H. P. to develop speed i ae ‘nots, that the thoughful response of both Governor Mufioz Marin and of Ambassador Carlos P. Romulo, who accepted the award for his pre- sident, should have been of un- usual interest. These two spokes- man for democracy in lands that were not so long ago part of a great colonial empire both referred to the challenge to free people to sus- tain freedom and to help others gain and enjoy it.” The Times called attention to the fact that Mujioz Marin had urg- ed the United States to offer help not as a bid against the Russians but as an expression of “faith in what our civilization means.” The Times commented: “This means that we are being advised by a good friend that our foreign aid should not be given on condition that its recipients turn their society into our kind of so- ciety, for which they may neither have any desire nor any need. It means simply that our aid should be given to help them achieve their own kind of freedom. Freedom -is incompatible with lack of freedom, and thereforce it is incompatible with the Soviet system. If our aid were offered on the broad philo- sophical base that Governor Mufioz Marin suggests, we would be mak- ing friends for freedom and at the same time constricting a growing Soviet influence throughout the un- {committed world,” For | Government a better understanding between the Americas Miami Springs, Fla., Wednesday, October 1 10, AG ke ee epee eee aren NOME Party wins Constituent Assembly TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras — (UP)— The pro-administration Re- formist Movement Party won all 56 seats in the Constituent As- sembly in Sunday’s elections, the leader of the party said today. At least seven persons were re- ported killed in scattered violence during the voting for members of the convention that is to reorganize the presidential election machinery | which broke down two years ago. Public security police reported the commander of the military gar- rison and “several” soldiers were killed in an attack on the village | KNOW THY | NEIGHBOR || By ANTONIO RUIZ BRAZIL: — Brazilian forests, which spread over an area of about 865 million acres, or 1,350,000 square miles, are rich in timber, cellulose, oil-bearing fruits, gums, resins, balsams, waxes, fibers and medicinal herbs. An increasing knowledge of the properties of | these plants is bringing to light a} new source of wealth to the coun- | try, as is the case of the carnauba | wax, guarana vine, oiticica oil and many other products. The tropical forest is more opul- ent on this continent than in Afri- ca. Characteristically hot and damp, |it is seamed with great waterways, vegetation is dense and tenacious, the few open spaces being cover- ed with grasslands, excellent for raising livestock. In the south there is abundance of _pinewoods, con- wealth, for the standing timber is estimated at 200 million trees and | | the lumber is of fine quality. The natural pastures are suitable for stock-raising, particularly in the prairies and savannahs of Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso, Pa- rana, Santa Catarina, Bahia, Piaui, Amazonas and Para, with capacity for the grazing of millions of head of cattle. To preserve the forest and en- courage their renewal, the govern- ment comes to the aid of the land. owners and timbermen, whose zeal is stimulated by granting awards for merit, assistance even being carried to the point of fully financ- ing new plantations. With much the same end in view, various na- tional parks have been created along the lines of the famous Yel- lowstone Park in the United States. Scientific preservation and the study of wild life were at the heart of the idea, and great tracts of beautiful country are now set apart as a vivid store of Nature’s gifts to each particular region. Two of those parks, Itatiaia and Terezopolis, are situated within easy reach of Rio de Janeiro, but the largest of them, Iguazu, is in the State of Parana, where the most spectacular waterfall in Bra- zil leaps foaming into space. By decree dated January 8, 1951, new regulations were issued with the view to improve Brazilian Forest Service in a number of ways and extending the scope of this govern- ment department along strictly ob- jective lines. The new service cov- ers the Botanical Garden, the Tech- nical and Administrative Council, the Section of National Parks, the Section of Forest Protection, and the Forestry Section, attached to | the Ministry of Agriculture. The river system of Brazil is one of the most extensive in the world | and gives great facilities to exploit- ation in large scale of the forest re- sources of the country. The water- sheds rising to an apex near the Serra dos Pireneus, in the State of Goias, forms part of the “Great Massif,” which eventually may prove to be of great importance, for the rivers spread out in all directions and most of them are navigable, The principal waterways of the country are traveled by: special craft which cover long distances to ensure interchange of regional products. The Sao Francisco and Purus rivers are navigable for more than 1,600 miles each, the Ara- guaia and the Tocantins for half this distance, and the Parana for 340 miles, while boats can make their way up the Amazone for the whole of its course of nearly 2,000 miles. The total navigability of Brazilian rivers may fairly be es- timated in more than 27,000 miles. As to hydroelectric power poten- tial, a minimum estimate of the re- sources of Brazil is for a total of 20,000,000 H. P. Spanish Version Page 3 stituting an appreciable source of | JULIO LOZANO TO BE ELECTED PRESIDENT | of Villanueva by members of the | opposition Liberal Party. The lead- er of the raiders also was reported killed. Four officials of the Reformist | Movement were reported hacked to death by machete-wielding Liber- als who ambushed their automobile in the same area. An official police statement said one person was killed and nine wounded in an election-day inci- dent in front of Liberal headquart- ers. The statement said police open- | ed fire in self?defense after being fired upon from a hotel next to the | headquarters, Gen. Abraham Williams Calde- rén, head of the RMP, said early |returns indicated a landslide vic- {tory for the administration forces. | The movement ran a coalition | ticket of the Reformists and the National Union Party. The Nationalist Party abstained | from the voting, charging “abuses and impositions” on its candidates. , The Liberals, leading opposition group, charged “fraud.” Williams said official results would not be announced until all returns have been checked by the | Supreme Electoral Tribunal, pos- | sibly within eight days. | He said the Assembly’s first ac- |tion would be to elect Chief of | State Julio Lozano Diaz as Presi- dent and then ratify the decrees he issued during the past two years. Then, he said, it will turn to the | job of drawing up a new Constitu- tion. Lozano has been running the | country since 1954 when a split in the governing Nationalist Party made it impossible. for any candid- ate to amass the majority vote needed for election. as. President. Dr. José T. Barén | New President of Peace Committee WASHINGTON, Oct. 9—(UP)— Dr. José T. Barén, Cuban repre- sentative in the Organization of American States (OAS), has been appointed President of the Inter- american Peace Committee. Dr. Barén will hold the position for one year, during which a new country of the Americas will be appointed to the committee, com- posed now by Brazil, Argentina, Cu- ba, México and the United States. In his acceptance speech, Dr. Ba- ron said: “I will try to follow the tradition of my country, which is to work for peace among the Ame- rican countries.” Dr. Barén entered diplomatic service in his country in 1917, and in 1919 he got his first appoint- ment abroad, in Washington, where he has been ever since. In 1951 he was appointed temporary ambas- sador to the OAS and last February he was confirmed in that position. He was Secretary of the Sixth International Conference in Hava- na. He has been decorated by his government with the Order of Car- los Manuel de Cuspedes. He also has the National Order of Merit of Ecuador. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS | PRIVATE ENTERPRISE FOR ARGENTINA OIL BUENOS AIRS—(UP)— _ Ro- dolfo 'F. Vago, former government oil engineer, has added his voice to the small but growing band of public men who believe Argen- tinas fuel problem will only be solved within a reasonable time by allowing private entreprise a chance. This would be parallel to extend- ing all possible government aid to the present State Oilfields Organi- zation (Y.P.F.) In a lenghty article in “Ia Pren- sa”, Vago says Argentina could reach a production of 15 million tons of oil a year by 1961 by drilling 2,700 wells. He points out that Y. P. F, current program of three hundred wells a year will be insufficient to meet its plan to reach 11-12,000, tons oil a year by 1960, despite the building of pipe- lines from the northern fields in Salta or the western fields in Neu- quén and Mendoza to bring in the production of wells now capped for \from Washington and | are expected to attend the various DR. JOSE R. CHIRIBOGA Dr. Chiriboga fo Speak at Columbus Day Observances Speech on Thursday at Eden Rock Hotel José Chiriboga, Ambassador from Ecuador to the United States, will be principal speaker at a din- ner dance Thursday at the Eden | Roe Hotel, Miami Beach, as a feat- ure of Columbus Day observances here. The dinner dance, set for 7:30 P. M., will be the highlight of a series of events including a public ceremony in Miami’s Bayfront Park, a luncheon, and a two-day mass cruising regatta down Bis- cayne Bay. General arrangements for the four-day observance of the 464th. anniversary of the discovery of the New World are in charge of James G. Ranni, president of the Ameri- can Bankers Life Assurance’ Com- pany» of Florida, and José Ferre, president and chairman of the board of Maule Industries, Top Latin American diplomats elsewhere events commemorating Columbus’ historic landfall on San Salvador Island, only some 380 miles off the Miami coast, on Oct. 12, 1492. The queen so important in the life of Christopher Columbus will again live in spirit. Queen Isabella will be chosen before the festivi- ties begin, to reign over all events. Columbus Day has been offici- ally proclaimed by Gov. LeRoy Col- lins and Miami Mayor Randall Christmas. . significant . actions since Florida is one of only seven states in which Columbus Day is not a legal holiday. The 27-foot statue of Columbus surmounting a 2,000 - year - old column from the Roman forum, donated to Miami by the Republic of Italy in 1953, will be the site for the public observance in Bay- front Park at 11 A. M. Friday (Oct. 12), it was announced by John E. Cicero, Miami attorney, who is chairman of this event. Following the monument cere- mony there will be a luncheon in the McAllister Hotel, with Con- gressman Dante Fascell as speaker. Various civic leaders who have helped over the years to make Columbus Day one of Miami's out- standing celebrations will be honor- ed at the luncheon, The Columbus Day cruising re- gatta on Saturday and Sunday has attracted the largest fleet of cruis- lack of outlet. Vago says the Y. P. F. itself is a highly efficient body but the .trou- ble lies in the slow moving of gov- ernment bureaucracy in studying projects, calling for tenders, fin- ancing projects and foreign ex- change shortages, ete. Vago has worked in Y. P, F., the Transport Ministry, the Nation- al nergy Enterprise, and other technical government departments, ARGENTINA FIRING FEDERAL EMPLOYES BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— The National Political Advisory Board announced that 30,000 government employes had been dismissed in recent months and that about 20, 000 more would be released before the end of the year. The board approved the draft of a statute for the reorganization of Argentina’s 500,000 state em- ployes with a view to cutting down the staffs of public departments. The 500,000 figure, however, in- cludes 220,000 state railway work- Jaily ———— U P Correspondent Granted Appeal by Colombian Court court has granted a motion of J. Carlos Villar Borda, United Press Manager in Colombia, for appeal of his conviction on a charge of libel- The motion was granted by the Cundinamarca State Court of So- cial Guarantees which has sentenc- ed Villar Borda to pay a fine of $3,000 or serve 1,500 days in pri- son. , The libel charge stemmed from a story published last February in the newspaper El Universal of Ca- racas, Venezuela, concerning dis- orders that occurred in the Bogota bullring during a bullfight Feb. 5. Brig. Gen Luis E. Ordonez, chief of the Colombian intelligence ser- vice filed the complaint against Vi- llar Borda, charging the story libel- ed the personnel of the service. The charge was upheld by the State Court of Social Guarantees which held the story imputed a “concrete fact that, due to its cri- minal character, was likely to ex- pose the said personnel, as well as the government of which they are a part, to public reproof and_scorn.” The story, as published by El Universal, said policemen and plainclothesmen armed with black jacks, clubs and iron knuckles at- tacked spectators who did not join in cheering President Gustavo Ro- jas Pinilla in a demonstration be- fore the bullfight started. It said these persons were drag- ged down the bleachers and thrown about six feet down a passageway where military police forced them to their feet with rifle butts, or dragged them unconscious from the bullring. MEXICAN INCOME IN US-$ SETS RECORD MEXICO CITY, Oct. 9—(UP)— According to estimates of “Nacion- al Financiera,” semi-oficial finan- cial agency, this year the dollar in- come in México will reach the re- cord sum of one and a half billion dollars. This amount surpasses in more than twenty per cent that of 1955. This is due to an increase in Mexic- an exports, which amounted to 424 million dollars during the first se- mester of this year, which means 83 million more than during the same period last year. ing sailboats in the history of Flo- rida sports, according to Timothy J. Sullivan, community relations manager for Florida Power and Light Co., regatta chairman. Seventy - one cruising sailboats, including 24 ocean racers. . .will participate. The U. S. Coast Guard has’ assigned five boats and air cover for the fleet. The boats: will set sail from Dinner Key at 11 A. Saturday, rendezvous overnight at Elliott Key, and make the return voyage to Dinner Key starting at 11 A. M. Sunday. ers and other similar groups of au- tonomous state enterprises. The statute calls for gradual re- duction of the staffs within the time limit of one year. No vacan- cies may be filled except in tech- nical posts. A special bureau will handle the, surplus employes with a view to placing en in private concerns, Those who are aoe loyal to the present revolutionary regime and who commit acts against it will be dismissed immediately. Those who were dismissed during the Perén dictatorship for political motives will be reinstated with their seni- ority intact as if they had continu- ed in service, MIAMIAN VISITS PRES. KUBITSCHEK RIO DE JANEIRO—(UP)— Pre- sident Juscelino Kubitschek receiv- ed in special audience Dr. Ernest Ayer of the University of Miami, who is reputed as one of the world leading cancer specialists, Dr. Ayer is making a special ing the Colombian intellitence ser- | | vice. NEW YORK, Oct. 9—-(UP)— “Good -understanding among gov- ernments, no matter how import- BOGOTA, Colombia —(UP)— A [ant it may be, is not ennogh in itself for the establishment of a sincere friendship among the peo- ples” declared the Brazilian Am- bassador in Washington, Admiral Ernani Do Amaral Peixoto, in an address he delivered during a luncheon offered to him in New York today by the Northamerican- Brazilian Society and the Pan American Society. The Ambassador explained, in this his first address delivered in New York, that “in the relations between citizens groups and individuals, mutual knowledge and | good will are the factors which strengthen the spiritual bonds and créate the common economic interests which make easier the | governments actions.” After he rendered homage to the two organizations honoring him, the Ambassador reminded that, even before the independence of his country, Brazil and the United States tried always to march to- gether, “and the unavoidable pro- blems between nations, in our ease, had been always easily and rapidly solved, without resent- ment.” But accenting his words, he said that, only from the last decade, when communications and trans- portation made easier the contact among the peoples, a greater mu- tual curiosity of the Brazilian and Northamerican peoples, aimed to knéw each other better, was ‘re- gistered. The two world wars, he pointed out, shifted Brazil’s atten- tion from Europe to the United States. He expressed his purpose to pub- licly acknowledge the valuable co- operation of the two Associations for the close relations of the two For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER Bs . Good Understanding Among Governments not Enough Says Brazilian Diplomat + [T IS ALSO NECESSARY TO PROMOTE SINCERE FRIENDSHIP AMONG PEOPLES countries and mentioned the honor bestowed on him by his appoint- ment as Brazilian Ambassador in Washington, post he accepted, abandoning his personal interests and political career, so as to in- tensify the cooperation. “IT came to occupy my post — he said — with the profound cer- tainty that this was President Ku- bitschek view point and the Brazil- ian people firm belief.” He recalled, later, that Brazil has been always faithful to the American ideals and that “it is constantly in our foreign policy. . . the need to defend, in general, the values of the western civilization and, in particular, the geo-politie- al and geo-economic aspects which characterizes the continent as a whole, and, more specifically, the United States and Brazil.” He expressed that Brazil is, at present, combating in a “growing crisis,” which is the cause of “enor- mous problems, worsened by the difficulties of planning in an or- derly form, difficulties which are typical of the underveloped eco- nomies.” He reminded that in the economic development of Brazil, “very often we have had the back- ing of the United States to solve some of our more pressing pro- blems, as evidenced, outstandingly by the Siderurgica (steel mill) de Volta Redonda.” He affirmed that Brazil does not want favors and that “the technic- al and financial Northamerican co- operation is gratefully accepted and we consider it a decisive factor in the acceleration of our prpgress and the fate of our ‘peo He closed saying that “as the United States, Brazil is a continent in itself and has, as your country, a destiny to fulfill. We should take care that this destiny be armonious, as the past has been.” PARIS, Oct. 9—(UP)— Eduar- do Santos, ex President of Colom- bia, declined an invitation to parti- cipate in the session of the Nation- al Constitutent Assembly of his country, beginning Oct. 11, because he consideres it has been convoked with “so many limitations.” Immediately after President Ro- jas Pinilla convoked to the extraor- dinary session of the Assembly, the National Direction of the Conser- vative Party invited Dr, Santos to occupy the chair corresponding to him in that organization. All the ex presidents have the right to a seat in the assembly. Santos, one of the most prominent leaders of the Liberal Party, answered the message: “T. cordially thank you for the invitation with which you have honored me. Always willing to co- operate without reserve in aything | Latin American News in Brief study of the activities of Brazil’s Luiza Gomes de Lemos Foundation against cancer. POWER INCREASE IN ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— The Association of Power Producers and Distributors has offered to fin- ance a $450 million power expan- sion program in Argentina to meet the country’s present and future needs, The association, comprising 283 private companies, provided, how- ever, that there must be adequate compensation for the 61 plants serving 100 towns, which were seiz- ed without corresponding payment between 1944 and 1952. In a memorandum to the Minis- try of Commerce and Industry, the association estimated the total cost of the expansion program at $125 million for imported plant equip- ment, and 10 billion argentine pe- sos ($328 million) for local labor and materials, conservatives with the following | Santos Declines Invitation to Colombian Constituent Assembly that can remedy the ills afflicting Colombia, I would accept if I be- lieved that the National Constitu- ent Assembly, unespectedly con- voked to extraordinary sessions, at- ter one year and a. half of unex- plainable recess to consider the to submit for consideration, is in matters the government is going a condition to find the necessary solutions to the urgent problems to which you refer, during, the weeks, days or hours that delibera- tions may last. “Since I sincerely do not believe it, I must decline the, invitation to occupy the chair that as ex-Presid- ent of the Republic I am entitled to. “Because of its characteristics and the history of its activites and recesses; because it has established that its members are of free appointment and removal by the government, which exercises this unheard of faculty through ar- bitrary resolutions, some times of punitive character against those who are in disagreement with of- ficial policies, and without taking into consideration public opinion; because it lacks authentic bonds | with the will of the citizens, and,! therefore, the representatiné charm acter that such corporations can not receive but from the origin of their powers; because its meetings depend entirely from official de- cision, which has eliminated the re- gular meetings and convokes and closes when and how it pleases; for these and other obvious rea- sons it is evident to me that the Assembly lacks today the titles and possibilities to realize the work of liberation which the Colombian nation requires, and which implies the clear re-establishment of an authentic constitutional regime and of the guarantees for civil and political rights, things which today have disappeared from our Father- land. The ills the nation is suf- fering are too serious to confront them with paliatives of transactions which would only aggravate them. “I am, as much as anyone, for a close unity among Colombians, to save, under the protection of peace tenasciously and courageous- ly maintained, the essential herit- age of-the Fatherland, today ia mortal danger.