Diario las Américas Newspaper, September 25, 1956, Page 10

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEA G. A. SAN ROMAN Cc. W SMITH Ss. SMITH President Vice President “Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs, Fla, on February &. 1956 ar REY AS EDITORIAL IMPORTANCE OF ECONOMIC MATTERS Perhaps because they don’t arise so much pas- sion as the political problems, or because they are very difficult and oppressing in many aspects, there ‘is not an adequate national concern in most of the {Latin American countries over the great economic | problems. | The citizen who dedicates his efforts to study | these matters does not achieve the public recognition achieved, for example, by the individual who strug-| gles, with more or less success, in the movements of | political nature. The technician who devotes him- self with patriotic emotion and professional dedica- tion to studying and planning on this all important | matter, does not find adequate support from State | officials nor from the country’s leaders, no matter . what their political affiliations may be. | This does not mean, however, that there are no ‘exceptions and that in Latin America there are no countries in which efforts are being made to solve these problems. But it is evident that, generally | speaking, much is lacking to strengthen the concept of the importance of economic matters, which are so closely tied-up with the social wellbeing and even with political stability. } y It is not necessary to incur in materialistic | statements to say without reservations that the| happiness of a people rests in the superiority of its) moral values, the high level of culture and the adequate development of its economic capacity, of that capacity which allows the individual, the fam- ily, and the people in general to live within a reason- able minimum of comfort. HARMONY IS NEEDED BETWEEN FRANCE} AND BRITAIN ON THE SUEZ CANAL PROBLEM Because of a recent attitude of Great Britain, regarding the problem of the Suez Canal, there has) been in France a violent and adverse reaction to the policies that on this delicate matter, the London Government is adopting. The French accuse the English of appeasement in the crisis, of drifting away from the internationalization of the Canal, Whatever the discrepancies between France and England, the most convenient for these two world powers, as well as for the United States, is that, in the face of the Suez conflict, there is a basic har- mony between the two European countries most interested in a satisfactory solution of the problem. If the Franco-British alliance is weakened, the * problem of Suez would become even more serious, yecause, taking advantage of the circumstances, President Nasser may attempt to give the conflict a new and more intransigent aspect, with which he sould compromise international affairs and the po- sition of the United States which, until this moment, 1as been of open condemnation of the expropriation of the Canal by the Cairo Government, but at the same time it has been of conciliation. The seriousness of the problem demands a close soordination among the Western countries in the sense of acting in a balanced and uniform manner, ts far as it may be possible. Evidently, any lack of substantial understanding between France and England in relation with this argument of Suez, would give origin to a new and dangerous phase of she conflict, which may result in not finding a | sonvenient, just and tactful solution to the problem. ; TREATY OF MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND COOPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA 1955 ARTICLE VI Article V of the Boundary Convention, signed September 2, 1914, etween the United States of America and the Republic of Panama, | hall be replaced by the following provisions: “It is agreed that the permanent boundary line between the City of Colén (including the Harbor of Colén, as defined in Article VI of the Boundary Convention of 1914. and other waters adjacent to the shores of Colén) and the Canal Zone shall be as follows: Beginning at an unmarked point called “E”, located on the northeasterly boundary of the Colén Corridor (at its Colén ex- tremity), the geodeiic position of which, referred to the Panama- Colon datum of the Canal Zone triangulation system, is in latitude | 9021’ N. plus 0.00 feet (0.000 meters) and longitude 79954’ W.) tus 356.09 feet (108.536 meters). Thence from said initial point by metes and bounds: Due East, 2662.83 feet (811.632 meters), along North latitude 9921’ plus 0.00 feet (0.000 meters), to an unmarked point in Folks River, called “F”, iocated at longitude 79953’ W, plus 3700.00 feet (1127.762 meters); N. 36936’30” E., 2616.00 feet (797.358 meters), to an unmarked point in Manzanillo Bay, called “G”; N. 22941'30” W., 1192.00 feet (363,322 meters), to an unmarked ant in Manzanillo Bay, called “H”; (To be Continued) | and ways of the indigenous popula- For @ better understanding between the Americas M Bolivia is Calm Under State of Si ege, After Bloody Falange Riots Ex-President of Aramayo Mines Blamed for Riots in Which LA PAZ, Bolivia —(UP). — Pre- sident Hernan Three Were Killed ; Counter-rioters sacked the home iami Springs, Fla., Tuesday, September 25, 1956 Mexican Police Arrest 204 in Raidon Student Living Quarters MEXICO, Sept. 24—(UP) — Au- thorities started an investigation Siles declared a! of Oscar Unzaga de la Vega, leader , of the records of students of the state of siege in Bolivia Sunday to | of the opposition Socialist Falange | National Polytechnic Institute, aft- end widespread rioting by hunger | Party, and its headquarters. Police | er army forces arrested 204 “‘itin- strikers in which were killed and scores injured At least 100 persons were under arrest in the disturbances which started Saturday night when riot- ers armed with rifles ran wild in the capital city protesting frequent food shortages here. The rioters set fire to the plant the Illimani radio station, inflict- ing more than $100,000 damage be- fore police could break them up. KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ MEXICO — The majority of the many Mexican popular dances are a mixture of the aboriginal and the | Spanish, the first veiled in mystery, | while the second is penetrated by | European and Moorish influences; | in both, the manifestations closely related to native tradition are the most interesting. There are no complete records of the aboriginal dances. According to the Spanish priests, the only historians during colonial times, the dance among the Aztecs and their neighbors was an official institution with a dual religious purpose and military function. The main choreographic expressions of the early Mexican Indians were staged in honor of their deities. In them hierophants, or religious leaders, breathing fragrant clouds of burning incense, danced around the huge statues of the gods. Or they performed war dances to the | beating of gigantic drums, and us- ed the sound of shell - horns to kindle the fighting spirit in young recruits. Distributed throughout the year, dances celebrated all the feasts recorded in the Ceremonial Calendar, which was known as To- nalamatl, or Paper of the Sun, and were expressions of the peasant’s hopes when planting seeds, their anguish when the rainy season was the spring or at harvest time. Paradoxically, the most savage and ferocious celebrations are found side by side in that calendar with the most poetic feats in honor of the flowers, for which the war- like Aztecs showed an overwhelm- ing love and admiration. In fact, flowers, feathers, and emerald- green jade were praised by them as the three most precious things |in the world and deemed even more valuable than gold. The dan- ces in celebration of the Flower | Goddess Xochiquetzal and of Five | Flowers, Macuilxochitl, the god of | music and therefore of the dance, were the most popular and pic- | turesque festivals of the whole | year. ‘ Only a faint shadow of the ori- ginal splendor of those dances has | ‘been preserved until moder times. | But an idea can be had of their | | size and character when visiting the | buildings at Yucatan, Mitla or Teo- tihuacdn, with their spacious courts |for the performance of pageants, jand their extensive terraces on which the whole population of the vicinity could be assembled. Such open-air auditoriums far surpass any modern stadium im size and | capacity. In quality. as well as in | volume, modern native dances are but a poor vestige of their origin- als. | Nothing of the original customs tion was encouraged or preserved, not even tolerated, by the Spanish conquerors, who destroyed many things regardless of their aesthetic or ethical value. However, they evi- dently considered the dance in a slightly different light. In it they sensed a vital instrument for eso- teric religious expression and at- tempted to use it as a part of the Catholic ceremonial. Thus na- tive elements were turned to alien interests, And thus, too, native sub- jects were impregnated with the Spanish spirit. In place of the exploits of the Knights of the Eagle and the Knights of the Tiger, there appear- ed, with rather grotesque results, the heroic feats of Moorish and Spanish paladins who, under the patronage of the Saints, helped to vanquish the foes of the orthodox | delayed, or the general rejoycing in| three persons | issued a warrant fort he arrest) of | erant Unzaga. | The government said three po- !licemen were killed and | wounded by the rioters. About 50 members of the rival mobs were | | reported seriously injured. Dozens | more suffered cuts and bruises. | Demonstrators protesting against | of the official organ La Naci6n and | high prices of foodstuffs clashed with members of the official Na- tional Revolutionary Party (MN R). Three traffic policemen were killed when the mob opened fire, | according to government officials, |who said the demonstration was |instigated by members of the Falange (opposition party). | The authorities said the Govern- ment was in “full control” of the situation, but President Siles Sua~ zo “in view of the gravity of the situation” put the country under state of siege.” There were reports of “many wounded.” The President’s Secretariat issu- ed the following communique: “In the disorders instigated by the Falange, three traffic police- men were killed by ‘Falangistas’ carrying rifles. Four policemen were also,wounded. The bodies were kidnapped.” The Minister of Government, Arturo Fortun, declared that the Government considers the Falange as the only guilty party in the riots and said that “no doubt it is follow- ing directives of Carlos Victor Aramayo, ex President of Arama- yo Mines.” He continued saying that “magnanimity of - President Siles Suazo has been interpreted as weakness and, as a result the Fa- lange, which preaches pacification, is the first one to throw itself into a struggle which could have resul- ed very bloody if the government had not kept calm” It is generally recognized here that the Chief Executive lived up to his promises of giving ample guarantees to exercise the right of assembly and expression. Before the Falangist meeting, Siles Suazo had declared to the United Press that not only he had authorized the meeting, but also had ordered that complete freedom be given to them, for which he forbade police intervention. PARTIAL CRISIS BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— Presi- dent General Pedro Aramburu seems to face a partial crisis of the Cabinet with the resignation of the Minister of Labor, Dr. Rail C. Mi- |gone and the Minister of Public Health, Dr, Francisco Martinez, al- | thought the last has not been con- firmed by the Government. During the last weeks there have been reports, without confirmation | in. regard to a reorganization of the cabinet. || HEMISPHERIC EVENTS BRAZIL’S CAPITAL URBANIZA- TION COMPANY STARTED é OPERATIONS RIO DE JANEIRO (UP). During a short ceremony, which took place at the offices of the Planning Com- mission, the Company, which will undertake the urbanization of the |mew Brazilian . capital, started operations. The company will be in charge of planning and moving the Fed- eral Capital to the site in the in- terior of the Goias State selected for the new capital, that will be ‘named Brazilia. Antonio Gonzalvez de Oliveira, the Republic’s General Consultant, sent to President Juscelino Kubit- schek the Decree of Ratification, which puts the Company in opera- tion. TRAFFIC NORMAL DESPITE MARITIME STRIKE The Ministry of Transports re- ported that maritime traffic in the Guanabara Bay, of Rio de Janiero, maintains a normal pace, in spite of the strike decreed by some mari- time syndicates. The stoppage started Thursday at midnight; but the majority of the workers attended their work faith. (Continued tomorrow) Spanish Version Page 3 and several syndicates announced their signing contracts with in- creases in salaries. The strike seems to have affect- four | ARGENTINIAN CABINET | musicians and loafers” | that were living in the school’s dor- | mitories. | Alejo Peralta, new director of the Institute, declared that expul- sion of “professional agitators and itinerant musicians” who lived with the students in the dormitories, has been the first step on a “general clean-up.” Soldiers, armed with submachine guns and rifles, entered yesterday the section in which the students live, and ordered it evacuated, while officials earried on a thorough investigation in the build- ing. During the search they found firearms, alcoholic beverages and all kinds of gambling equipment. They said that 44 of the arrested have been accused of homosexual- ity, carrying arms, agitation and stealing food from _ the school, which they regularly sold. The others arrested probably will be freed today. Theh Politechnic Institute has been a source of headaches for the government since last spring, when. the students started a strike ac- companied of violence, which last- ed 66 days. The movement, directed by. Ni- candro Mendoza, who had just ar- rived from Moscow, ended when the Government promised to attend to the students’ demands. Batista’s Agents Held up Bank, Say Cuban Exiles MEXICO, Sept. 24—(UP)— Cub- ans exiles in this capital declared that the two men charged with the hold up of a Bank in México City | are “Agents of President Fulgencio Batista.” The written accusation says that one of them, Jorge Nasser Mayol, “was released in Havana, by order | of President Batista, after holding up the Royal Bank of Canada”, some itme ago at the Cuban ca- pital. Nasser Mayol and Armando Ro- driguez, his suspected accomplice, charged with stealing $3,500 two weeks ago from a Mexican Bank, | fled to Cuba a few hours after the hold up. In the accusation, sent to the | Mexican Police, the exiled said that Nasser Mayol was body-guard to one of Batista’s Ministers, shortly after the hold up of the Royal | Bank of Canada in Havana. They added that, Nasser Mayol was sent to México “to persecute and assassinate exiled leaders of the Cuban revolution, who are liv: ing here’? MANAGUA, Sept. 24 —(UP)— As a result of the attempted as- sassination against President So- moza, his sons Luis and Anasta- sio announced that about: 200 per- sons have been arrested, accused of a vast plot to overthrow the government. After ordering a state of siege, Luis and Anastasio, Jr. —President of the Congress and Chief of the National Guard, respectively— de- clared there is calm in the whole country, and that there have been no disorders. Among those arrested are almost | all the heads of opposition parties, including general Emiliano Chamo- rro, 84 years old, head of the Con- | servative Party who was President of Nicaragua twenty years ago, before Somoza assumed power. Also arrested was Enoc Aguado, octogenarian lawyer, and ex :an- didate to the Presidency who wes trying to organize the Independent Liberal Party to oppose Somoza in this year’s elections. Juan Ramon Avilés, Editor of “La Noticia”, daily which is ex- pected will reappear today, after ed only the service of ferry boats which cross the Bay. The Ministry informed also that the stoppage has not affected noticeable any other of the Brazil- ian ports. On the other hand the Govern- ment declared that the strike is is illegal, as this is a essential while negotiations were taking place. COL, BATISTA TEIXEIRA RIO’S NEW POLICE CHIEF RIO DE JANEIRO—(UP)— Co- lonel Batista Teixeira was sworn in as new Chief of Police, post in which he succeeds General Arturo Magessi, who resigned rather than consent to the reopening of an op- position newspaper that was con- fiscated. Teixeira, ex-Director of the So- cial and: Political Section of. the Police Department, is known for the firmness with which he com- bated the communists activities at the beginning of 1940. By Last Friday the police seized the plant of the opposition newspaper “Maquis” and confiscated the edi- tion of that day. After the Courts ordered Magessi to return th paper to its legitimate proprietors, he resigned. It is being reported, in other Political Leaders, Newspapermen Placed Under Arrest in Nicaragua not being out for two days, was re- leased this morning. The same 1s hoped will happen with “La Pren- sa”, which Director, Pedro Joaquin Chamorro was arrested although it is not known if he was released with some others arrested at the same time. Also it is considered that “La Flecha” and “Gran Dia- rio”, newspapers suspended after the attack, will reappear. It is believed that Emilio Alva- rez, one of the leaders of the Con- servative Party headed by Emilia- no Chamorro is among the arrested who have been released. | The sons of the President have taken charge of the Presidential Office, to which continuously friends and political followers ar- rive to inquire about the condi- tion of the Chief Executive. It was learned extra-officially that a delegation of the Conserva- tive Party went to see the Somoza brothers to request the release of the conservative leaders who are in jail, in order to sign a state- ment condemning the assassination attempt against President Somoza. The Liberal party already has con- Pres. Somoza’s Condition Getting Worse After it was Reported Improving TOTAL PARALYSIS OF LEFT SIDE OF EXECUTIVE FEARED TO BE PERMANENT BALBOA, Sept. 24 —(UP)— A bulletin issued by the Canal Zone Health Bureau says that the condi- tion of Nicaraguan President Anas- tasio Somoza has undergone a “change for the worse” since 2:30 a.m, It also says that the patient has now a total paralysis of the left side, which is called an unexpected post-operation complication, the scope of which has not been total- ly estimated. 2 The Health Director of the Canal Zone, Col. Charles Bruce, explained that the paralysis is combined with Cheyne-Stokes respiration, or a state in which the respiration of the patient increases rapidly until it reaches a maximum, descending then, and going up again in the same manner, Col. Bruce continued saying that condition of the patient is not as satisfactory as before, but his heart is functioning normally; his blood pressure 136; pulse 130, which was expected, and the temperature 100.6, which is considered good. The doctors and surgeons who have been taking care of Somoza stant care of the patient. VAST INTERNATIONAL PLOT IS CHARGED MANAGUA, Nicaragua 8(UP)— Col. Anastasio Somoza Jr., son of Nicaragua’s wounded president, charged today that Friday night’s attempt to assassinate his father. was the result of a “vast interna- tional plot.” The colonel said in an interview with United Press that the plot in- volved Communists and “countries neighboring Nicaragua.” He gave no details. President Somoza was reported in “satisfactory” condition today at the U. S. military hospital in the Panama Canal Zone; where he un- derwent a delicate, four-hour neu- rosurgical operation Sunday for the removal of the bullets that nearly cost him his life. Col. Somoza, 32-ear-old com- mander of the army, and his brother Luis, 34-year-old president of Nicaragua’s congress, are run- For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American since Saturday, continue their con-} Press Association MBER 66. ning the country while their father is in the hospital. They said today they have jailed 200 opposition politicians for in- vestigation in the assasination: at- tempt. 200 JAILED They said their investigations were still underway and that the results so far had not been positive enough for them to say which in- dividuals or elements they hold in the highest suspicion. But they said they had jailed 200 opposition- ists and suspects of various kinds. His two sons said their present task was to piece into a pattern the various items of evidence now available. They said they had en- listed aid from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Salvador- ean government. The two brothers issued new de- tails of the assassination attempt. They said early reports identified the assailant as Rigoberto Lépez Pérez 28, a poet and columnist but that his column writing appeared to consist of setting up other per- sons columns in print. They also disclosed Lopez Pérez had tried to get near the president at a recent political meeting and had to be or- dered to keep away. SHOT AT FIESTA Their. authoritative account of the shooting said the scene was a fiesta honoring Somoza’s formal nomination as a presidential ¢an- didate Saturday. Dancing had fol- lowed a speech and as the dance ended, Lépez Pérez moved out of a crowd toward Somoza’s table. When he was about 15 feet away they said, he began firing with a snub-nosed .38 calibre Smith and Weston revolver which Luis said could not be purchased in Nicara- gua. Somoza was sitting at a table with his wife and Nicaraguan not- ables. Lépez Pérez was seized by the hair from the back and hurled to the ground, but even while falling he continued shooting until all five rounds in the pistol were gone. As he struggled on the ground, guards killed him with pistol and sub- machine gun bullets. ANTIGUA GUATEMALA, Cua- temala — The Directing Council of the Pan American Sanitary Or- ganization, holding its IX Meeting in Antigua Guatemala, has elected Dr. Carlos Soza Barillas, Minister of Public Health and Welfare for Guatemala, as its President. Dr. Daniel Orellana, Director of Public Health in Venezuela, was demned the attempt. ty, are divided in regard to the severe Press Law that President Juscelino Kubitschek will send to Congress this week. CAPTIVE EUROPEAN COUN TRIES GRATEFUL TO LATIN AMERICA RIO DE JANEIRO—(UP) — Re- presentatives of the European Cay tive Nations Assembly expresse: their gratitude to Latin America for the help and asylum given to fugitives from communist coun- tries. The President of the Assembly, Willis Masens and his Vicepresi- dents Constantin Iscolanu and Ste- fan Korbonski, are in a tour throughout Latin America to call attention about the Russian dom- ination, of nine countries otherwise free, which are: Albania, Bulgaria, Tehecoslovakia, Estonia, Lithuania, Lattonia, Poland, Hungary and Roumania. Masens said that the Assembly aim to attain its purposes py peace- ful means. FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERN- MENT BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— Thou- sands of Argentinians were con- gregated at the Plaza de Mayo, to celebrate extraofficially the first sources, that the leaders of the par- lamentary pro-government majori- anniversary of the Revolutonary elected First Vice-President and | Latin American News in Brief immediately after the overthrow of Juan Peron, The paraders limited their ac- tivites to sing the national anthem andthe “March of Liberty,” which was the battle cry of the rebels in the short but bloody fight which started September 16, 1955. TWO PERUVIAN AIR FORCE JETS CRASH KILLING TWO OFFICERS: LIMA—(UP) Two Peruvian Air Force jet bombers crashed at low altitude and one of them fell, kill- ing its occupants. The second one landed without wheels at Lima’s civil airport with- out causing serious wounds to its two fliers or great damage to the plane. The two planes — Camberra night flying type — of the group of eight that Peri bought from their British manufacturer in June and July, were participating in a special review of the Air Force. The crash took place near the civil airport while they were man- euring at a low altitude: One exploded and, crashing near the airport, was completely destroy ed. The other was able to land with- out lowering its wheels. | _ The dead officers are Captain César Turckey and Lieutenant An- Government which assumed power tonio Rabenna, Panamerican Sanitary Organization Holds Meeting in Antigua Guatemala Dr. Félix Hurtado, Ambassador in charge of International Health Af- fairs for.Cuba, Second Vice-Presi- dent. All officers were elected un- animously. The Directing Council is meet- ing simultaneously as the World Health Organization’s Regional Committee for the Americas. It opened its session Sunday, Septem- ber 16 with a formal ceremony in Guatemala City, and on Monday moved to Antigua, 26 miles away, for. business meetings in the San Carlos University building, a his torical monument rehabilitated aft- er its destruction in a volcanic eruption nearly two centuries ago. ‘After these elections, Dr. Fred L. Soper, Director of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau and © WHO’s Regional Director for the Americas, presented his annual re- port for 1955. After reviewing the rapidly ex- panding programs for malaria con- trol and eradication throughout the world, Dr. Soper said, the Pan American Sanitary Bureau was now well staffed with highly train- ed personnel, It had reached a point, he added, at which member countries must decide whether they were prepared to move toward the expansion of efforts demanded by programs such as the complete era- dication of malaria. Dr. Soper noted that the Bu reau’s budget had, over the past eight years, increased by an aver- age of only three and a half per cent annually, although there had been a vast growth in Government's requests for services. At the opening ceremony ‘in Guatemala City on September 16, the President of Guatemala, Car- los Castillo Armas, welcomed de- legates from the American Re publics, Canada and three Europ: ean states — France, the Nether- lands and the United Kingdom — which, he said, had gathered ‘to unite their forces to further the health of the American peoples,’