Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 1, 1954, Page 8

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people he A For a better understanding between the Americas For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity MIAMI, FLA., SATURDAY, MAY 1, 1954. rene tntrannenenenmcererneeseminnee THE AMERICAS DAILY Published by THE AMERICAS {’UBLISHING COMPANY G. A. SAN ROMAN S. SMITH President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Editor and Manager Carlos E. Simons Managing Editor . William H. Scharrer Head of Circulation Dept. A TIMELY WARNING TO THE U.S REGARD TO THE IMPORTANCE OF LATIN AMERICA Ralph B. Ross Head of Advertising Dept. EDITORIAL To back up what we have been saying recently about the strategic importance of Latin America to the U.S., we are publishing a Washington report \ based on testimony given before the House foreign relations committee by Major General G. C. Stewart, director of the military assistance section of the Defense Department, in regard to the military significance of the Latin American nations. Among the several things said by the general during the course of his testimony, one statement was particulary cogent in that it brought out very clearly how vital to the U. S. is the friendship of the Latin countries. Major General Stewart said that a friendly Latin America could be a source) of great power, while a hostile Latin America could have and adverse effect on the domestic welfare of the U.S. In order that the full significance of genuine (friendship between the U.S. and the people of Latin) ‘America might be impressed on the people of the U. S., the intent of the general’s statements should be publicized from one end of the U.S. to the other. The American people must be persuaded that “their country’s political existence and security are vitally dependent on the twenty other nations of the jnter-American system. This must be done so that the country’s policy formulators will take the lesson to heart and act accordingly. Any program designed to achieve such an aim, of course, must be predicated on the notion that such friendship is a two way street. It is up to the U. S., however, to show that it recognizes the need for garnering the well deserved support and co- operation of the Latin nations. A friendly attitude} on the part of such nations can be easily dissipated by maladroit conduct of U. S. foreign policy in the} inter-American sphere of affairs. Not only would| such an outcome be unfair to the U. S., but it would! also give rise to a situation which, as General| Stewart said, might adversely affect the welfare of the country as a whole. } The U. S. must realize that the people of the other American republics are its friends and are) willing to extend it all kinds of support in the) ; present world crisis even though the U. S. has not; seen fit to extend those countries the sort of econ-| omic aid which they need to solve some of their) more pressing economic problems. Lastly, the inter-| ests of the American people are best served by ef- forts aimed at raising living standards in the Amer- jcas and at fortifying the basis of friendship ex- isting between this country and the twenty Latin American nations of the Western Hemisphere. BEGINNERS’ SPANISH BY G. B. Palacin | Professor of the University of Miami, Fla. | Vocabulary (Vocabulario) INTERROGATIONS OR QUESTIONS (Interrogaciones o preguntas) To form a question in Spanish, the subject is usually placed after the verb or at the end of the phrase. Ex.: zEsta Maria? Is Mary in? zEsté aqui Maria? Is Mary here? When the verb is a compoundtense, the subject is placed after the participle. Ex.: zHa Megado José? Has Joseph arrived? Notice that in Spanish an inverted question mark is always placed before a question. EXERCISE Change the following sentences: a) into Spanish; b) into Spanish negative form; c) into Spanish question (interrogative) form. MARY IS BEAUTIFUL a) Spanish: b) Negative form: c¢) Question form: MR. FERNANDEZ IS A DOCTOR a) Spanish: Spanish negative form: ¢) Spanish question form: JOSEPH’S BROTHER IS A STUDENT JOHN’S HOUSE IS IN THE BEACH MARY’S FRIEND IS HERE CHARLES’ UNCLE IS IN THE CITY MARY’S DOG IS SMALL JOHN’S FATHER IS RICH | KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ MEXICO.— Sheltered by wood- ed mountains that flank the high plateau and ideally situated on the | sun-bathed slopes of a lush, semi- tropical valley was Cuauhnahuac, a quiet Indian community and the It was the favorite resort of the |reigning Aztec nobility. When it vading Spaniards in their tide of conquest, the natives offered fier- ce resistance, destroying bridges over the deep ravine that border- ed their town. This natural barrier | defenders were put to flight. To Hernap Cortés fell the place as a prize, one of 30 such grants award- ed him by the Spanish Crown in recognition of his successes, and it became a part of his vast esta- te. Enchanted by its benign cli- mate and charming surroundings, | | [ce there and built a palatial home. | In 1529 he arranged for the found- ing of the Franciscan Monastery. The massive, fortress-like church, later to become a Cathedral, was built with the help of native crafts- men who were permitted to incor- porate freely many of their Aztec designs. In 1716 José de la Borda, the famous French miner who had |silver mines in Taxco and Zaca- \tecas arrived and built a sump- gardens. This lovely place with its cool vistas, shady paths and ornate swimming-pool was chosen by Em- peror Maximilian and Empress Car- lota as their summer home. At the a lodge and retreat which still stands, although it is partially in ‘ruins, reminiscent of an unwritten |chapter of the private life of this good, but ill-fated man. * * Today Cauhmahuac is no lon-| ger known by that name. It was too difficult for the Spaniards to pronounce, so they changed it to “Cuernavaca”. During the colonial period the village grew and pros- pered and finally became a thriving city and state capital. The passing of time has not altered its charm nor its quiet, undisturbed way of | life. Today, as in ancient times it is still a popular resort. Despite modern improvements, the colonial atmosphere prevails. Narrow stre- ets, many still paved with cobbles- tones and lined by lovely old homes with balconies blanketed by rich- hued vines and flowers, which ser- ve to transport the visitor from modern times to centuries-old past. The Cathedral, with its weather- beaten, rose colored facade and towers stands like a sentinel, ever watchful over the spiritual and moral welfare of the passing ge- nerations. Flanking one side of the main | Plaza is the Palace of Cortés, now housing government offices and | exhibit rooms. The walls of one of the verandas are covered by |murals painted by Diego Rivera. The “Borda Gardens”, still a very charming place, are open to the public. Located a short distance from the railway station is an archeological find, the pyramid of Teopanzolco, the last vestige of the Tlahuican capital. About 30 miles from the city are the ruins of Xochicalco, a city that flourish- ed about the year 1000 A.D. and believed to be of Toltec origin. Spanish Version Pag. 3. BETANCOURT NOT LEAVING C. R. 0O—— San Jose, C.R. (U.P.) Former Venezuelan president Romulo Be- tancourt, who has been exiled here for, several years, denied rumors published by Venezuelan news- papers saying that Betancourt is planning to leave Costa Rica in order to avoid possible internation- al complications that might be caused by his presence here. OFFICIAL OF P. A. SANITARY NAMED pos WASHINGTON. (U.P.) Doctor Carlos Luis Gonzalez of Venezuela, the former head of Venezuela's Health Department, has been appointed deputy director of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau. The appointment was approved by the executive committee of the Pan American Sanitory organ- MISS RODRIGUEZ IS A TEACHER MIAMI IS A BEAUTIFUL CITY Seconds ‘ . ization and is to become effective |ting as a broker and security is- ratification before the \ Saturday, around May lL. ancient capital of the Tlahuicas. | was attacked in 1521 by the in-| proved of no avail and the sturdy | | he established his favorite residen- | |amassed great wealth from his | tuous mansion set among beautiful | nearby picturesque village of Aca-| patzingo, the Emperor established | Incomplete returns RESULTS FAVOR ANTI (ye show overwhelming victory for the People’s United Party Mast prominent PUP leaders elected ee ES | | BELIZE, B. H. —(UP)— Incom- |plete returns from Wednesday's j elections in this colony show that the People’s United Party (PUP) which advocates complete inde- pendence from Great Britain has won overwhelmingly. _ The PUP won the three legisla- tive seats corresponding to three electoral districts for the capital ; city of Belize. First results from an inland district show that the PUP candidate won there also. A total of nine legislative seats all told were at stake in last Wed- |mesday’s elections. The six remain- ing seats of a 15-member legisla- | tive council are to be held by members who are either appoint- ed by the governor of who are go- vernment officials in their own right. The three most prominent PUP leaders, who ran as candi- dates in the capital city area, were all elected. Party secretary George Prize won by a 3 to 1 margin over Independent candi- date John Smith. Philip Gold- son, who is secretary of the Ge- | neral Workers Union, which is | closely associated with the PUP, defeated Herbert Fuller, presi- dent of the Belize city council. Leigh Richardson, who is editor of the party’s press organ, the Belize Billboard, received a lar- ger number of votes than did | this opposition National and In- dependent party candidates com- bined. | Enrique de Paz, an official of the People’s United party labor affiliate, won over Rebre S. A. Mc- | \following in its wal | Westby, Lionel Francis. ‘other coffins for remaining Inde- | | pendent and National party candi- | |dates who the PUP expects will Kinstry, former chief justice of the colony's supreme court, by a 4 to 1 margin in the first of in land districts for which partial re- turns are available. Pr who was introduced by a party speaker to an enthu ic erowd during the election cam- | paign as “perhaps the future pre- sident of this country”, told a meeting that the PUP would keep on striving for colonial _ self-go- vernment. The recent election was the first to take place in the colony in conformity with a recently passed law permitting universal adult suf- frage. | Voting in the capital city was so heavy that eight polling booths | originally provided in that area) to be expanded to nine. | A hearse towed by a team of horses slowly made its way down | the main street of Belize with a joyous, shouting crowd of people | . Inside the | hearse were coffins decorated with | red plumes on which were written the names of Herbert Fuller, Fred | John Al- bert Smith and McKinstry, candi- dates for the National and Inde- pendent parties who according to returns so far available, were de- feated by PUP candidates. PUP | leaders said that they are readying | also have been defeated when fin- al returns from inland districts | are available. “WORLD SUGAR P WASHINGTON —(UP)—_ By a 60 to 16 vote, the U. S. Senate has given its approval to a world sugar agreement. Since the agreement amounts to a formal treaty the votes of two- thirds of the senators present were required to ratify the pact. | The ratification followed on the heels of adoption of a motion in- troduced by Senator Everett Dirk- |sen of Illinois whereby the U, S. agreed to join the sugar pact on | condition that any amendment to the treaty would first have to be ratified by the Senate before any such modification would have binding force as far as the U. S. |is concerned. Dirksen’s motion was approved, |74 to 2. | The main opposition to ratifi- cation of the sugar agreement came from senators who represent \ states which have large confec- tioneries and candy manufactur- ing firms located within their bor- ders and from isolationist sectors New Company to Develop Papaya Growing in Cuba 0 VICTORIA, B. C. —(UP)— A new company has been incorpo- rated here to develop papaya- growing lands in Cuba, it was an- nounced. The company, Cuban Plantations Limited, will take over operations started by George Campbell of Vancouver, who died recently af- ter he was convicted on a fraud charge. The company was authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares at a par value of $1.00. Campbell operated the service realty and tropical products limit- ed. He died with an appeal pend- ing against his conviction earlier this year under the security frauds prevention act. He was fined $25, 000 and sentenced to six months in jail. Campbell sold ownerships in Pa- paya land to about 300 Vancouver residents who contributed about half of $300,000 and promised by | U. S. SENATE AFTER HOT DEBATE . Decline of world sugar prices might threaten stability of the governments in sugar nations o——_———- ACT RATIFIED BY. which are generally opposed to U. S. participation in international agreements. In a strong plea for prompt United States ratification, chair- man Alexander Wiley of the sena- te foreign relations committee said | |the agreement was designed to avert collapse of the world free sugar market. Any such collapse, he warned, would have “far reach- ing economic effects” abroad — particularly in Cuba, the Philip- pines, and Caribbean nations. “Sugar is the life blood of Cuba,” he said, “and plays a vital part in the Philippines where we have a special interest.” Cautioning that in those repub- lics “politics are economics”, Wiley said continued declines of world sugar prices might threaten the stability of their governments. The debate at one point deve- loped a spirited exchange be- tween Senator Paul Douglas of Illinois, who opposed ratification, and Senators George D. Aiken of | Vermont and Frank A. Barrett of | Wyoming, who supported it. Aiken suggested that Douglas was _ at-| tempting “to protect” Chicago | candy makers. The candy industry, he said was seeking to weaken | the United States sugar act through an attack on the interna- tional agreement. Aiken accused the candy makers of wanting “two cent sugar” and “high tariff’ against importation of foreign sugar. Senator John Bricker of Ohio questioned whether participation in the agreement would benefit the United States. 8 Aiken replied by citing the three benefits listed in commit- tee report on the matter. Those were: 1. That it would enhance pros- pects for “ i | | | economic progress and political stability in countries... very great importance to the Unit- ed States”, 2. That it would “tend to insure the effectiveness” of the United States sugar act by insulatin the domestic market from world price fluctuation, 3. That through participation the United States “will be in a position to protect our interest | and to make constructive propo- sals concerning needed adjust: | ment in the world’s sugar eco- nomy.” The agreement now goes to the White House for approval by Pre- note to pay the rest. Each unit sold for $750, and the company undertook to develop the |acreage for investors. Campbell | | was found guilty of unlawfully ac- suer, sident Eisenhower. If Eisenhower | implements United States ratifica-| tion, this country’s diplomatic of- ficials are expected to make all | possible efforts to deposit that} \tions under Communist | ‘has been created to organize and | -BRITISH BEL VIOLENCE FEARED | NUMBER 2 IZEANS N MEXICO CITY DURING MAY DAY CELEBRATIONS Public Barred From Menaced Canal Areas —O—___. meeting where they BALBOA, Canal Zone, abril 29. | (UP) —Panama Canal authorities barred the public from Contractor’ s Hill, where a threatened rock lide could close the canal for a ar. Taking photographs of the dan- ger area in the hill was forbidden, No military guards were assign- ed to the old back road along} the west bank of the canal but the area was marked “restricted.” Authorities indicated they want- ed to prevent throngs of curious from flocking to the danger area, hampering the work and possibly tampering with engineering instru ments. Working crews were pushing construction of an access road to the top of the hill, where an over- | laborers. hanging rock ledge had developed| Presidente Adolfo Ruiz Cortines a 600-foot deep fissure and threat-| and members of his cabinet were ened to tumble into Gaillard cut. | scheduled to march in the labor MEXICO CITY, April 29 -(UP) The Mexican government yes. terd began a roundup of Com munist leaders as a “precautiona ry move”. against possible May Day violence. At least 14 top-ranked Mexican Reds were arrested and held in communicado in city prison. Secret police were reported hunting other Communists and of ials of the outlawed “Henri ” Party in the nationwide crackdown on agitators. The arres began after go. vernment agents got word of a secret Communist meeting at which plans were discussed to provoke disturbances during a giant May 1 parade of 500,000 y Red Directives in may Day Celebrations o——— GUATEMALA CITY —(SS)— The battle cry in this city during May Day celebrations will be re- pudiation of the Caracas confer- ence anti-Communist resolution.” | A committee composed of Gua- temalan Communist party leaders | and those from worker organiza- | control Florida Senator LeRoy Collins, who is presently engaged in an active and energetic campaign for the governorship of the state, gave The Americas Daily exclusive state- ments which will be carried in our carry out ceremonies with which | tomorrow's issue. “democratic groups” will comme- morate Labor Day According to local press reports, international labor leader Vicen- The outstanding politician anal- |yzed among other things our edi | torial of March 12 entitled “Miami's Inter-American Center and the | head of local May Day tions, for which purpose Lombar- te Lombardo Toledano, who is pre- sident of the Confederation of work | ers of Latin America, is at the celebra- do Toledano has “suggested” ad- herence to orientation supplied by his union and the World Federa- tion of Trade Unions on the part of officials of the Guatemalan Ge- neral Confederation of Workers and the Guatemalan Peasants’ Confederation. Tax on Stock Market Operations by non Residents Requested —_o—- WASHINGTON —(UP)— Sen- ator Guy M. Gillette has introduc- ed a bill into Congress asking for a 30 percent tax on the earnings of all nonresidents foreigners di- rived from American stock market operations. Gillette headed a 1949-50 con- gressional investigation into cof- fee prices preceding the present uproar over coffee price rises. The senator said he was convinc- ed that “foreign speculators were extremely active in coffee exchan- ge operations last November and December.” “They have evidently profited handsomely from their _ transac- | tions and the least the American | people can expect, if they can't be protected from such raids on their pocketbooks, is that the ones who made such fortunes by spe- culation on our exchanges pay an appropriate tax,” Gillette went on to say. Gillette said that non-resident foreigners having no fixed busi- ness establishments inside the U. S. do not have to pay taxes on their earnings derived from spe- culation. He added that his bill for amending existing tax laws is in accord with a recommendation made in 1950 by an investigating committee headed by him. Neen EEE Triangular Contest in Honduras Election 0 TEGUCIGALPA, HONDURAS.— | —(UP)— A triangular contest in | the forthcoming presidential elec- tion was assured following the nomination of Dr. Ramon Villeda Morales as the Liberal party can- didate. | Villeda, a young physician, will | be opposed at the polls Oct. 20) by two veteran politicians: for- | mer president Tiburcio Carias An- Abraham Williams, 60, candidate | bolted from the Nationalist party. Coming State Elections”. In his statement to our paper, Mr. Collins also touches on rela- tions between the State of Florida and Spanish - speaking countries, pointing out the benefits in which such friendship is likely to even- tuate. He makes cogent observ tions that no doubt will greatly interest our readers As is known, Mr. Collins has strong backing in Florida, and his campaign for the governorship has been identified with that of an honest and upright candidate. 0 Red leaders arrested after police learned of a secret planned to provoke |disturbances during parade headed by Pres. Ruiz GT ae demonstration Police of the F ed “for que withheld details per re. ists jail- roundup ers sé ntin Ce of organized ri who was identif in the has been s discontent the > most umunist planni ed with p’ among the p recent peso de This is Communist made Ma ‘ations. lence flared in 1952 people killed— police last year over 100 Reds a riquis who were eral days after lence occurred last y vc le be valuation roundup of lers to he been the of After vio with seven arrested d Hen- released sev- Day. No vio- ar the second » on € EXCLUSIVE STATEMENTS OF CANDIDATE LEROY COLLINS | LEROY COLLID $104 MILLION GRANTED TO LATIN COUNTRIES FOR MILITARY AID ——_—_-0. A friendly Latin Amer! great power WASHINGTON -(UP)- General G. C. Stewart, head of the Office of Military Assistance of the Defense Department, told the | House foreign relations committee that up to the present the United London Times Views Argentine Elections LONDON. —(UP)— The Times said in an editorial the results of the Argentine elections Sun- day “confirm the Peron regime's firm hold on the Argentine pe- ople.” “In a formal sense the elections were free”, the Times said. “A though the reported arrest of the defeated radical candidate for the vice presidency on charges of sub- quote disrespect unsubquote to Pre- sident Peron illustrates the diffi- culties under which the. opposition have had to campaign.” “While the electorate are free to vote as they wish, the whole apparatus of the regime, which successfully prevents the natural growth of opposition parties, has reduced the democratic process to a polite formality”, the Times said. HAITI'S NEW BUDGET TOTALS $27 MILLION PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti—(UP) The Haitian legislature has begun study of a budget for the 1954- 55 fiscal year which was submitted by President Paul Magloire. The projected budget for ad- | dino, 78, Nationalist party nomi-| ministering affaris of this tiny ‘nee, and former vice President Caribbean republic amounts to $27,590,000, a figure representing deadline |of the Reform Movement which |a $1,750,000 increase over the pre- sent budget, Major | § ica can be a source of for the U. S. ates has spent 104 million dol- lars to strengthen the — military might of Latin America. “Compared with programs for military aid to other world areas, Latin American programs have mn very modest” -Stewart said- | “but this in no way means that | United States interests in that area are seconda In his testimony, General Stew- art said that the purpose of the |U. S. assistance and mutual de- |fense program for Latin America is to provide necessary war ma- terial for use by selected anrts of certain Latin American republics in order to e1 those countries | \to fulfill specific military duties contracted by them for hemispher- ic defense ‘Militarily and strategically”, Stewart added, “a Latin Ameri- ca friendly to the United States can be a source of great power, while a ho: Latin America might adversely affect our na- tional welfare. He said that the United States is maintaining military aid pro- grams in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay and that negotiatio are being car- ried on at present in various other countries. “Prior to our program”, he said, “the armed forces of the Ameri- can republics were handicapped by lack of proper installations and huge amounts of antiquated mili- tary equipment. The equipment that we have now given them has considerably improved the — situa- tion “The armed forces of various countries have proven themselves capable of using and maintaining the equipment they have receiv- ed” .