The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, April 1, 1906, Page 21

R Pages 21 .‘___-_‘ to 28 | . SAN_ FRANCISCO, SUNDAY, APRIL 1, 1906. BRITISH EMPIRE SHOWS MARVELOUS EXPANSION Makes Astounding Strides in Area and Population in the Last Forty-Five Years. COVERS A FIFTH OF GLOBE Specjal Cable to The Call. —The astoundingsquare miles; population in 1861, 253‘-| emplre during the 000,000; population in 1901, 400,000,000. wth unparalleled | The rate of increase in the population f nt of both e British empire as a whole is nec- ily to a great extent governed by which obtalns in the vast popula- on of India and the comparatively nall increase In the Indian population between 1891 and 1%01 was in great part ue to famine and plague. But the de- | cline in the rate of actual increase is ot confined to the Indian empire. The epression of the birthrate has pow be- come general, in nearly all countries. In Australasia especially the fall in the | birthrate is remarkable. Naturally the density of population in different parts of the empire varies, enormously. There are 33.5 persons to every square mile on the average, but they vary from 49.3 in the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands to 13 in Aus- tralia. Cahada can boast only 14, and South Africa 41. Every square milé of the Indian empire carries 172 people, and in the United Kingdom the average is 342.4. LARGE CITIES OF EMPIRE. Throughout the empire there ~were no fewer than 187 cities and towns in which | the population exceeded 50,000. Of these | 87 were in the United Kingdom, 78 In | India, 7 in Xustralasia, 5 iy Canada, 2 in the West Indles, 2 in the Straits Settle- ments, and one each’in Hongkong, Cey- lon, Mauritius, Cape Colony, Natal and the Transvaal. | Exchuding London, the most populous | city in the empire is Calcutta, which less | than two centuries -ago numbered 10,600, and at the last census had 848,000 inhab- itants. The growth of the two chief cities of Australia has been even more remark- able. Bixty years ago Sydney and Mel-'| bourne were quite small places; how the has a population of 457,832, and the other he temndency. among g most - European | populations to congregate in urban areas | is reflected also in the colonjes. ‘In New. Zealand and Australia more than one- half the popylation live ‘in the towns; | in New South Wales. the proportion _is | as high as 68 per cent, while in Canada 38 ‘per céent are eniumerated in the town areas. India -presents a striking - con- trast in this: respect, less .than one- | tenth of the peopi¢ living- In- places | classed as towns. : PANSION. 1 ensus of 1861 the 0 square miles ns were made for but between 1881 the East In- princi- have occurred, to 11,908,378 2 one-fifth of e globe. Of this h 4,000,000 3.000,000 and which square ns, n Af; That 125,095 »e ascertained the pop- 000 o 1881 more than e of the last f about e sible £ more eoming next g contrast )00 square 11,908,378 1901 GAY LONDON CLUBS FOR THE LADIES. Women Partial to Whisky and Soda and Outdo the Men at Drinking, Special Cable to The Call 31.—The “goings ; remarked that the consumption of all smartest West | coholic beverages. in thése- institutions | o exciting a good | WAS much Iprger than at most-of the e " | clybs patronized by men in the same 1én hiave in 8eV- | jeighborhood. Whisky and soda is._the eir wives | favorite drimk, and generally takes | ations.. There is|the place of afternoon tea. A lady and . t ion of the kind, | her guest or guests enter. the “lounge;” the yver street, where | which every West End club. worthy of ) e of value and | the namé boasts, and there, as In a Valuabie furs, | hotel, drinks can be ordered. “ad lib." In a crowded -club the servants . 'do not take- much notice, and a woman | avoids the scandal whith would arise were she to do the same thing in her own - house, opposite her own servants. one who knows anything of London clubs .is .aware that return more shoney than of the establishment * put etc e now appe Jook after smart Of coutse, there are ladies’ clubs and ladies’ clubs, and many of them.are the |acme of respectability, and the priv- ilckes enjoyed are always-put to the proper use. These are the clubs. where the directors scrutinize carefully every Jplication for' membership and where otld-be members must have a pro- poser and & seconder to whom' they are persenally known. At most of the r people of prominence. \ | #hady clubs a banker's reference—in officer ‘who exantined the | other \words, a guarantee of subscrip- 14 refre: nts at the Em- | tion—fs quite sufficiént to make the ap- er West End ladies’ clubs | piicants eligible for election. " - - 3 SUNFLOWER PARASOLS BECOME = THE STYLE AMONG- PARISIANS for theft any of its uents have been ocalled be. comrhittee, but in more than h not even been asked to ec they themselyes were.| 1 importance or .were connect- press and ot NPT OF RELAND Brilliant Affairs Given by the Aberdeens, Better Feeling Prevails at Present Toward. the English, PP e O | Native Dances Hold Place in the ‘Festivities at Dublin. e e Special Cabie to The Call. DUBLIN, March 31.—Viceregal gayeties in the Irish.cepitdl are of a brillfaricy which has no parallel in the- history . of the Dublin court. The two contributing reasons are, of course, Lord Aberdeen's popularity on. the gne hand, and on the other the very general appreclation = of England’s more liberal attitude toward Ireland and anpticipation of the results of the new . policy approved by the King. The town rings with the entertainments, formal and informal; at thé castle. On the nights.of state banquet, Teception’.or ball streets that lepd to the principal en- trance are so -thronged with carriages for two or three hours.in ddvance that they are practically impassable. In a word. the hand of brotherly love has been extended. and taken. It is the psychological moment, and Ireland, lie Barkis, is ““willin'.”* The. . genfal ‘lord lleutenant--has made himself none ‘the less loved by his de- votlon to damcing. . He Is passionately fond of round dances and especially. fa- vors_ the ‘polka, which adorns: every pro- gramme at the castle. Scotch reels and Irish igs have ‘théir place as well, and the pace set ‘by his. Excellency Is of the iiveliest “description:- 5 Substantially all the beauty-and aris- ‘toctacy of England have ‘graced the se- rles of :fetes.at which Lord and Lady Aberdeen have playéd hosts, and the Lon- don court .itself could show no more magnificent assemblage than that at the first drawing-room, which opened the season. STRIKING GOWNS AND GEMS. Couri mourning was omitted” for the oc- casion a¥d her Excellency wore a marvel of.a gown of white satin ornamented with Irish émbroidery work with silver and pearls in:iris ‘design,. with a train draped with . Limerick lace. was of diamonds, with a riyiere of the same jewels. - X Viscountess Hawkesbury, whose hus- made the introductions. She was in fvory satin, with ‘a train of mauve satin. A Marie Stuart cap of diamonds was the head ornament of Lady.Clementine War- | inig, whose gown: of lavender satin was particularly. effective. . Lady ‘Weldon and Lady MacDonnell, Lady and the Misses Nixon, Lady Dough- erty, Mrs. Dodfrey Webster, Lady Chance and Viscountess Powerscourt were all in the. viceregal circle. - The two little pages were Lord Killeen, son of the Earl and Countess of Fingall,. and Master Atrnott, son of Sir-John and Lady Arnott. - They were in St. Pat- rick’'s bliue costumes and made a charm- ing bit of color. CHIVALRY AND BEAUTY THERE. Of the men Viscount Hawkesbury, Sir Anthony Weldon (vice: chamberlain) and Mr. Fetherstonhaugh _(deputy chamberlain),. the Right Hon. -Anthony Patrick MacDonnell, who bore the sword of state; Sir Arthur Vicars (Ulster king of arms), Viscount Powers- court Jfcomptroiler), Lord Herschell (private ‘secretary), ‘the Very Rev. R. Godfrey’ Websfer (dean of the chap royal), Captain Walter Waring {mas- ter of the horse), Viscount Anson and Captain Paget (Eleventh Hussars) the distinctlon of the’ group about Lord Aberdeen: 3 Countess Annesley, Marchioness Conyngham, the Countess of -Mayo, the Countess of Westmeath, the Coun- tess of Granard, Viscountess Ikerrin, Viscountess Manck, Lady Bdith King- Tenison, Lady Margaret Forbes, the Countess of. Kingston, Lady Gwendolyn Guinness, Lady Fermoy, Lady de Freyne, ‘Miss Lidy French, Miss Esme Colles and many othéers whose Irish lin- May Be Folded Until They Resemble Fans Special Cable to The Call. : followers. . She is a daughter of Captain PARIS, March: 81.—Spring’s first day of and Mrs. Dunean of Cleveland, Ohfo. and bright sunshine brought out the newest feminine fad—parasols of - queer ' Chinese a D‘ECE: of !pe late President McKinley. They are about the size .of full- | MS> Winslow i always a model bt the model | latest elegance, gd s0.when she goes out grown sunflowers and are perched long, slender stems not unifke that of the flower itself. -But, absurd as they are, there is every likelihgod that Parjsienues will adopt them, If for no other reason than the fact that they -are novel. e sunshade is so ingeplously made part of it can be fold- ed up so tht it:loses Ms parasol identity beconres a fan as far as appearances 2T | for her daily drite with one of the *sun- flowers” im full bloom, that is enough to brand it as emingntly proper. These parasols hive aiready been nick- " because of their | liliputian dimensiyns. It is manifest | that those who havd had the courage to | adopt ‘them have byd careful drill in manipulation, for thAy manage them in j iflentically the same\fashion, whether | to give the artistic “cit,” wave a grace- | ful welcome or pose iA a studied figure ! of boretlom. 2 The unwritten law of Yhe day requires | that a small splinter of in the handle; for -this used in every imaginable cot, some society sorce having dis- covered in-a dream that 1\ drives away €vil spirits, U:vx course it is made of the finest laoe lks. Paguin has indorsed it, and the extremely fashionable cannot afford to appeal from that decree. Among the prominent American women who have promptly adopted the novelty is Mrs. George Herbert Winslow. She is one “he leading spirits in the American colony and, of course, will have numerous’ - s Light in Grofte. AGUE, Bohemia, March 31.—A re- rkable grotto has been discovcred at tein, Bohemia. Its moss-covered valis are brilliantly illumjnated by what chemists call chlorophyl gells. No gleam of light penetrates the grotto from without. Yet a book h&d near its -wall can be easily read by\the.glow emitted by the chlorophyl turalists are flocking to this strange ca¥e, which is about eighty feet square I extent. eage 1§ their dearest pride, have given the throneroom .at the castle the verita- ble touch of royalty, under the graclous. auspices of the Viceroy and Vicereine. St. Patrick’s’ Hall has figured as the scehe of many gayetles, and the band of the Cameron Highlanders has on fre- quent occasions contributed the music. MANY AFFAIRS PLANNED. On the night of the levee following the drawing-room Lord and Lady Aberdeen- took a large party to the Meath Hospital | ball, one of the most successful public balls ever organized- in Dublin, in the Royal Dublin Society’s new Art.Industries Hall, which was beautifully decorated. The Viceroy opened the ball with Lady MacDonnell, Lady Aberdeen dancing with the senior surgeon of the Meath Hospital, Mr. W. Taylor. Among those present were Lord and Lady Powers- court, Lord and Lady Hawkesbury, Lady Annesley, Lady Milbanke, Lady Granard and Lady Margaret Forbes, Sir Allan Mackenzie, Sir Reginald and Lady Beatrice’ Pole-Carew and Count and Countess Markievicz. On Thursday the Viceroy and Vicereine gave a dinner and dance in the castle, on Friday a‘state ball, and on S8aturday there was an afternoon reception. Then came the second drawing-room the néxt Thursday and St. Patrick’s ball on Friday. This week’s festivities included a ball given by Lord and Lady Iveagh on Tues- day, and another given at the Royal Hos- pital by Lord and Lady Grentel. Her tiara |- band is the steward and chamberlain,’ and, a long list of aides de camp added to. State of Afi'a:rc.hy,_‘fsv ' . Prevailing in. Country. | Common. in the !. -Land, Women G_i'vé Ald to ; Men -in the ; Fight. DesPeraterBattle' Con- fronts the . 4 Czar. —— it " Bpecial Cable to The Cali, WARSAW, Poland, March 31—Nowhere, throughout the length and breadth of the Czar's empire, has terrorism reached such 4 pitch as in Russian Poland, where hu- man life is no longer safe, where ruffians and hooligans have gained the upper hand of the quiet citizen, and where financial ruin, the sure consequence of anarchism, now. threatens even the richest. inhal tants. . : In Poland, bomb-throwing is of daily oc- currence; policemien are assassinated at least five times in 2 week, in broad day- light and in ceowded streets.” In Poland, menufacturers.and other labor employers trayagant demands by- crowds of armed ruffians whom the men call fo their ald at every crisis. “If an employer declines to be bullied, he is killed by some myste- rious ‘bullet, shot from fobody knows where. 1t he closes his.factory, he must flee from the country with all speed otherwise assassipation i3 sure to ove take hime. In a word, Poland today repre- sents sueh & picture of terrorlsm as the the French ' revolutiom ‘ever: & hundred | years ago. 7 3 e Bt The perpetrators of -these crimes,. the makers of all-this trouble, -are the Soclal- ists and in Poland at least, that portion of. the Jewish Socialists commonly kKnown as the Bund. It is the Bund which die- tates ridicuious terms to. the manufae-| turer and teaches. the ‘workingméan to strike. It is the Bund ‘which signs the policemen’s death "sentences and fires the shots which kill the manufacturers; it is thé Bund. which arms the .masses, ob- talns dynamite. and hurls the deadly bombs - ‘which spread destruction. arotnd them and make so many innocent vic- [ time. L GRAUMAN THE L\;ADEIL : Probably no member of the Bund has manufactured go many bombs as Grau- man. He was the.terrof” of all quiet citi- zens in Warsaw, -for he first organizea the armed groups which enter privgte houses and demand large sums of money from’ the frightened inhabitants. If the Bund committee wanted bonibs, :Grauman coiild, always supply-them in sizes vary- ing from an ordinary sardiiie box to that of a ten-poynd biscuit tin. He baffled the police for a.long time. - Just after-the New Year a patrol near- 1y ran him to earth by following three suspicious looking Jews into his house. They were arrested and the whole house ‘was searched, but though the gendarmes ‘found over elghty bombs, several thou- sands of bullets and twenty pounds of dyndmite, Grauman was nowhere to be seen. It was not til’ a week later that he was arrested in the Jewish quarter and pointed out as the famous Grauman by. a spy. He is now in the Warsaw | citadel awaiting the fate of eleven of | his accomplices who have been shot with-, out a trial and . buried within the pre- cincts of the fortress. The authorities hope to be able to force him to reveal .the secrets of his party and place the whole army of “bombers”—as they are popular- ly calledin theif power. . BOLD SYSTEM OF THEFT. The aiestion will' naturally be asked, ‘Where doeg the Bund gét its bombs, and -how dees it manage to obtain so many firearms? The materials for the bombs are generally:stolen, as, apart'from the cest of buying them, Jt would not bs possible to apply for dynamite without arousing the suspieions of the authorities. The manner of stealing is most daring. The men at work in’ the Government ar- senals ‘and powder .magazines wear dis- tinctivé uniferms—those employed in the offices having. different ones from the so- called fajerwerkery or artilleryinen, who manipulate the explosives. The Bun- dists buy up these old uniforms and forge passports suitable to. the ‘part those who | Bteal the_ explosives will need to play. : This passport department is a very im- portant section of the Bund committee, and is composed of men and women ex- perts, who practically spend thelr lives in copying. the signpatures of Russian ! military and civil officlals. And they reach such a state of parfection that passports—the blanks for which are stol- en - from the Government offices—signed by them pass the. scrutiny not of the frontier gendarme alone but of the very men whose -signatures are forged. . Once the uniforms and passports are obtained, the Bund’s executive committee appoints a member whom it can trust th‘: of ! @0 the work - coolly to o to o arsenals and enter the office as a clerk from another powder magasine, on pre- text of some business, which naturally varies as curcumstances may dictate. Enough that, after visiting the office a few days in succession, he knows where the - keys, sealg and “safe-conduct” to the powder magazine are to be found. ‘Whereupon these articles mysteriously disappear from their ordinary places; but before the indolent Government clerks have realized the loss, the Bund has finished its Job.. % As soon as the keys, seals and safe- his part l conducts have been obtained, the aisguised as a clerk has and the rest of the work is other accomplices, dressed as e by two rs.” ‘They drive an ' innocent-] g :nrt. such as the Government uses for _conveying ammunition. and —explosives Assassination Now dre forced to accede to their men's” ex- | .world has not. seen since the horrors of |. ‘Anarchy akin to that which prevailed duris:g the French Revolution mow reigns in Poland. . The,Bund, made up of Jewish Socialists; has entered upon a relentless campaign agamst the aristoc- racy. Women no less than the men are aiding the movement. oo + from the magazine to the barracks. ' These two men drive up to the en- trance of the powder magazine, where one descends and presents his safe-con- |. duct to the sentry, who lets him Into the- stores. Ang there he'coolly takes as much dynamite and ammunition as he wants, loads' the cart and drives off with his companion. i . ARMS FROM GERMANY. The very daring of these robberfes, the cool way in which the .keys and sealsare taken from the office; and the dress’of the men who present thelr safe conduct to the sentry will insure suc- cess. Though these robberies frequent- ly occur, there are ne records of the | perpetrators being- caught. < Some time ago the leaders of the -Bund saw that it was impossible for them to carry out theif plgn of terror without.arming their members. So the committce promptly- decided to supply them #11 with revalvers that would shoot far, and after careful considera- tion those of the “Browning” pattern ‘were chosen. % At ghat time the Russian police were armed with an inferior. weapon, suj plied by army officers who made a fo! tune out of the contract by paying one- third of the price the Government had. allowec them. Since then terrorism has taken such a strong hold of the country that the Government has followed the example of the Bund and given the po- lice “Brownings.” = X Having- decided, however, .what kind of revolver it wanted, the Bund's next move was to get them into the country. A dcrutation went to Germany, ordered large quantities of “Brownings” and | left their expedition in the hands of'a man they could trust, who lived in Ber- lin and had some connection with coal merchants. Tu To those who know the vigilance of the Russian frontier gendarmes, it must seem a hopeless task to smuggle thou- sands of revolvers into. Russia at a time when their sale in the gunsmiths’ shops | was strictly prohibited and nobody was allowed to bring a the country, but the Bund, as. usual, arose to the occasion. ' The -nearest route from Russia to Berlin is by War- saw. Moreover large quantities of Ger- man coal are sent to Warsaw from Ber- lin. The reader will now see the'fm- portance of the man in Berlin who had some connection with coal. It was he who covered. the loaded coal trucks with “Brownings,” which were "packed in small cases and lightly covered with “black diamonds.” Soe] DI MING THE POLICE. Once these trucks which - arrangements with the local merchants, ] took care that the men who unloaded’ them in the goods depot. were all In their pay, and thousands of “Brown- ings” re smuggled into Warsaw while .the it ;] searching the gunsmiths' shops and the’| frontier stations.. At last their suspi- 352 ; N ingle firearm into | reached ‘Warsaw | L 2 2 ‘made " TOLIS: SOCIALISTS ROBBING A ToLICE * AN | OF 314 WEBAPONY HEAD OF THE POLISH ‘BUND (A IN PRISON, PROBABLY TO BE.SH : TO BE A FREQUENT OCCURREN OT, AND PICTURE OF A cE ——— SOCIETY OF TERRORISTS), WHO IS NOW SCENB SAID cions were aroused and all coal trucks searched. But'the Bund, which had got wind of the disgovery, -telegraphed to its " Berlin agent ' to send; no more “Brownings” for ‘the present and turned to another resource, that of disarming Ppolicemen. This is done {n the small hours of the morning when even the military patrols have returned:to their barracks and the treets are deserted. A small band of rmed: Bundists ‘will approach the un- lucky policeman as he shivers at his ‘post, pinfon. him “to' the ground, gag him, way both’ his revolvers and *dnkm as ‘suddenly ordered that - there, a'ways. shoul ' two - Y on duty at given Instead. of one. resistanc that the police force, whose ranks have been terribly thinned by ation extreme measures have stamped out Bund' or the terrorism its tice. Jews and Jewesses class, carried away by sidered ,the heroism of are joining E g i : the soclety in Manufacturers % | i i E H 2 § i Y i : | i g,l 8% i i i3