Evening Star Newspaper, October 3, 1936, Page 18

B—2 skokkk STRUGGLE OF PEACE IDEAL IN ORIE THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, ¢ NEW WORLD JUSTICE SHOWN Former Secretary Puts His Personal Experience Into Book on Defects of Imperialism—Conclusions as to Future of Matriage—Some Recent Works of Fiction. By Mary Carter Roberts. THE FAR-EASTERN CRISIS. Rec- ollections and Observations. By Henry L. Stimson. New York: Harper & Brothers. N TH1S large book, writing thought- fully and understandably, the former Secretary of State sets down the record of the diplo- matic crisis precipitated in the Far East by Japan's attack upon Man- churia and sums up his personal opinions as to what has developed out of that crisis, which may throw light on the general effort of gov- ernments toward securing a mech~ anism for settling disputes by other means than war. The book is interesting as a mere record, but it deserves even greater attention because the former Secre- tary evidently regards the Sino-Jap- anese struggle as a laboratory by which the efficacy of our various peace mechanisms were to be tested. “The assault upon the Chinese gov~ ernment in Manchuria,” he writes, “py the Japanese Army in Septem- ber, 1931, was the first major blow at the new system of war limitation and prevention, built up by the na- tions which had suffered in the Great ‘War. More and more it is becoming recognized as a critical event in world history. The military successes of the aggressor at that time have already lent encouragement to further at- tempts against that system by other discontented and autocratic govern- ments. * * *” Seen in this light, the Sino-Jap- anese affair is the issue between im- perialism and world peace, and such of the public generally as have so regarded it have for some time con- sidered that the balance rested in the favor of imperialism. The formes Secretary, however, does not concede defeat of the world peace ideal. E TRACES the forces which caused Japan to launch her attack, rat- ing the world depression in trade as the most important one. “For 10 years prior to 1931,” he writes, “she (Japan) had been provid- ng for her growing population by de- veloping her foreign trade and by pursuing a general policy of peace, in harmony with the general purpose of the outside world. But under the effect of the great depression in 1830 and 1931, her foreign trade fell off nearly 50 per cent, and the pressure of that change resulted in . . . suf- fering and restlessness. . . . Her dis- contented youth then turned to and availed themselves of the army lead- ership, and its theories of forcible exploitation in Manchuria, as a means of successfully overthrowing the con- servative statesmen at home, against whom their animus had been excited. Thus, in Japan in 1931, militarism and imperialism were reinforced by the same radical movement which had come from economic unrest. That unusual combination in a people as naturally patriotic as the Japanese has greatly accentuated the difficul- ties of those who were striving for moderation and peace and the pres- ervation of international responsi- bility.” THAT Japan has not realized her hopes from her “reckless action,” Mr. Stimson believes. Her Man- churian conquest has not helped her economically, but, on the contrary, has plunged her into greater difficul- ties. That she is now on the road to business recovery he attributes to ex- pansion of foreign trade elsewhere than in Manchuria. He further feels that Japan's loss of prestige among | ‘Western nations has been extremely uncomfortable to her government, and, on these facts, he bases his be- lief that Japan will attempt to regain friendly relations with China. On what basis the attempt will be made— how it will involve the puppet state of Manchukuo—he does not predict. When he comes to the part played in the Sino-Japanese operations by the League of Nations, Mr. Stimson is far from sharing the feelirig which was prevalent at the time that the League had done nothing effective. On the contrary, he praises its policy of non-recognition as having a moral, if not a physical effect. “The history of the Sino-Japanese controversy of 1931,” he writes, “is the record of the arraignment, the trial and the condemnation of a great power for the violation of certain new stand- ards of conduct aimed at preventing international aggression. This was the first time in man’s history that such an attempt had been made. These standards of conduct which the trial enforced had been in existencelessthan a-dozen years. Nevertheless the pro- ceeding was carried through with dignity and firmness to the final step of condemnation by the 42 nations sitting in the assembly of the League, and their verdict was unanimous. Fol- lowing the example set by the January 7 note of the American Government, this verdict was also re-enforced by the concurrent agreement of these 42 nations not to recognize ‘Manchukuo.’” IN THIS action, and in the circum- stance that Japan has not realized her commercial hopes from her con- quest, Mr. Stimson sees the League as not ineffective. It went on record, at lJeast, and the ultimate unhappy re- sults of the Manchurian conquest will indicate that the record was right. ‘The implication that the upholding of principle here seems to rest sub- stantially on the economic fallure of the imperialistic attempt, however, cannot be missed by the hard-headed reader. ‘Whether the former Secretary means to imply that imperialistic conquests will always be economically unsound under present world conditions or not, must be left to opinion. And whether any pronouncement of disapproval or non-recognition can be made by the League, or by any similar organisation, strong enough to prevent the actual aggression is also a question left un- the reader the Italo- Ethiopian adventure as indicative. Few readers, it would seem, will be able to go quite as far as Mr. Stimson in putting faith in the effectiveness of the League, at the present time, at least.- However, his conclusions cannot be disregarded, if they are viewed merely as a summing up of trends which eventually may become powers. His book is & highly readable record unquestionably a record on the FOR THE SAKE OF S8HADOWS. By Max Miller. New Yurk: E. P. Dutton & Co. G, “]mmo here with his customary mild detachment, the ingenious Max Miller tells of what happens to writers who go to Hollywood. He is pretty good about it. He does not lament because he was asked to ac- cept a price for his soul, as so many penmen in Hollywood have done. He remarks instead that he needed money and that “they pay by weeks here what formerly we received by months on the newspaper.” But he only stayed a week and two days. He was fired at the end of that time. He was trying to write a story about a boy, a girl and the Coast Guard and he made it too “slight.” As his producer put it, there was “nothing great” about it. And so that after- noon Max Miller was fired. He went away for & while, one supposes, after which he wrote an intelligent, thoughtful book about what he had seen in his Hollywood week. After reading it, you are likely to be glad that you sre not & movie producer. There is “nothing great” about the book, either—but, without Holly- wood's compulsion on you, you enjoy it, a great deal. THE FUTURE OF MARRIAGE IN WESTERN CIVILIZATION. By Prof. Edward Westermarck. As A reputable and important scholar of social history, Prof. Edward Westermarck doubtless would be unwilling to stake his professional freight business help shake off the | mortgages. This is & breezy, entertaining and at times exciting tale of the wander- ings of the good ship Norkap II dur- ing the past six years. Much of the action is in the heavy lce pack off the esst coast of Greenland and along coasts little known to the av- erage reader. There are 100 photoe graphs and drawings by the author. Talcott, despite the excitement he found aboard the Norkap, concludes that the pursuit of some form of creative work constitutes the only true adventure left to man. “I have never,” he says, “been fooled into thinking that there was still a frontier on this machine-rid- den planet the quest of which could compare either with the difficulty or with the thrill of stalking a signifi- cant shape.” BEAUTY BEGINS AT HOME, By Katharine Wellman. New York: Covicl Friede. Hm is a handbook for beauty that any woman can follow! Many of the unpleasant featurés of the professional “beauty business” are dragged out and mercilessly exposed to the clear light of sound chemistry and common sense—the result being beneficial both to milady's complex- fon and to her purse, in many in- stances. The author of this volume has little patience with the “ballyhoo” employed by the average cosmetician, and de- plores the gullibility of the feminine sex when it comes to believing in elixirs and ointments said to contain " MAX MILLER, Author of “For the Sake of Shadows.” (E. P. Dutton & Co.) —Photo by John Degelman. reputation on & book attempting to predict “The Future of Marriage in Western Civilization” in a treatise running less than 300 pages. Prof. Westermarck's sensible commentary on the status of marriage today, his review of its origins and the factors which he believes molded it as a so- cial institution, constitute no more than an abridgement of his extensive writings on the subject, a summary for the layman. He does, however, make clear the method of reasoning whereby he arrives at the conclusion that marriage is not doomed, despite freer divorce and the greater sexual freedom of modern times, and he sup- ports these assumptions with a lim- ited quantity of case material. In a sense, Prof. Westermarck's work is a rewritten anthology of the best that is being thought and written today about the relations between the | sexes. Aside from this rehashing of the opinions of other scholars, it pre- sents, also, & well-reasoned theory that marriage originated in emotions of companionship, protection, mutual aid and parenthood which still exist today, and are therefore destined to keep it alive as a social form, no mat- ter what changes may be wrought in the laws or customs pertaining to it. As the author ably summarizes his procedure, “I have tried to find the causes of the various aspects of mar- riage under discussion, and from the assumed prevalence of the causes have inferred the probability of future hap- penings. I have not concluded that something will happen simply because the line of evolution in the past, or some tendency of toaay seem to sug- gest it. I have not based my predic- tion of the survival of marriage and the family on the fact that they have, presumably, always existed in man- kind, but on the assumed continuance of those feelings to which we may trace their origin. And in final candor, Westermarck adds: “There is, however, a weak point in the method. The anticipations de- pend on special sssumptions. The causes of certain events are assumed to lead to similar events in the fu- ture. Knowledge and intellectual dis- cernment are assumed to increase and to produce more extensive effects than hitherto, destroying much that is due to ignorance, superstition and thoughtlessness. At the same time, certain deeprooted feelings (namely the conjugal and parental sentiments) are assumed to endure and to con- as they have done hitherto. “If there will be & time when these (sentiments) have vanished, I think that nothing in the world can save muemflm!mflymme- REPORT OF THE COMPANY. Dud- ley Vaill Talcott. New York: Ran- dom House. HAVING, in a moment of weak- ness, bought a Norwegian seal ing and fishing New England sculptor, depression at & means of pu He organizes men who want fo hunt and muskoxen, the secret of deathless youth and beauty. She points the way to beauty at low cost, and by the most direct route, and follows up her general re- marks with groups of formulas and recipes for various lotions, creams, etc., that may be concocted right in the modern kitchen. She even lists the actual pots and pans required for the procedure, furnishes names of whole- sale houses where ingredients that are pure and safe may be procured at small cost, and places her recommend- ed formulas side by side with certain ones now in professional general use, to clearly define the difference be- tween pure, nourishing ingredients and- those which are worthless and, in some instances, harmful. Straight from the shoulder, but lightly and amusingly written, this book should reaily prove a godsend to the women who are tired of being promised unfulfilled miracles at .a cost that would pay the food bills for some tigre. Just a few of the formu- las given include those for making cleansing creams, toning lotions, tonics, astringents, masks, deodorants, bleaches, depilatories, hair dyes, shampoos, lipsticks, rouges, powders, nail polishes and removers—and 3o on through the list of “gilt for the lily” in a practical, interesting and thor- oughly readable fashion. Beauty may come out of the kitchen, | after all, these days! B.C. HARVARD HAS A HOMICIDE. By Timothy Puller. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. ‘This is a lively murder mystery in which a fine arts professor in the well-known Cambridge University is found dead of his own dagger. It is solved by a rather overclever young graduate student and the steady ser- geant of the local police. It makes nice reading and has the merit of 4pringing a double surprise at the end, but it seems a trifie smart, or even, one might say, smart-aleck. Still you can read it. It is above the average. M. C.R. THE LAST LANDFALL. By Desmond Malone. New York: Doubleday Doran. Literature of the autobiographical kind has found significance in many seemingly little lives in recent years. Time was when the men who never made the first page would not have thought of writing their life stories or, at the most, would have utilized the materials of which such lives are made as the framework of & novel. There was Yeats-Brown's “Bengal Lancer,” for example. And Bruce Lockhart'’s “British Agent,” Vincent Sheehan’s “Personal History” and & were 8 tel - ppropriately large And now, out of even a lesser life, Maloné From the jacket drawing Siegfried Sassoon. Non-Fietion. AT It's All About, by Wil- liam Allen White. New York: The Macmillan Compeny. Mr, Landon's famous friend sets down the cam- paign issues as he sees them. AMERICA AT THE CROSSROADS. New York: The Dodge Publishing Co. Mr. Landon's program for Ameri- can government and his interpreta- tion of the political, economic and so- cial principles of the Republican party. With an introduction by Sen- ator Capper and indorsement by the Landon For President Committee. IS IT TRUE WHAT THEY SAY ABOUT LANDON? By Cal Tinney. With an introduction by Lowell ‘Thomas. New York: The Wise- Parslow Co. Humorous and unpartisan picture of the Republican candidate. INCENTIVE TAXATION. By C. Wil- liam Hazelett. New York: E. P. Dutton Co. The week's solution for economic | troubles—a method of taxation which is also a system of rewards and de- merits. Will prevent depressions, says the author. WHAT I8 MONEY? By E. L. Grover. Boston: Meador Publishing Co. A pamphlet on the subject. THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDUS- TRY. By Benjamin A. Javits. New York: Harper & Brothers. A co-author of the national recov- ery act sets forth a plan for separat- ing industry from the State, and making of it a “forty-ninth State” with its own self-government. A $10,000-a-year income for every fam- ily and jobe for every one are some of the features. DYNAMITE OF PEACE. Vincent. New York: ‘World Publishing Co. A “proposal for a United States of the World under an emergency tribu- nal of genius.” Including, one com- prehends, peace. A COMPLETE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. By Clement Wood. New York: The World 8yn- dicate Publishing Co. Popularly written history of our be- loved land. Entertalning. THE PAGEANT OF PERSIA. By Henry Filmer, Indianapolis: Bobbe Merrill Co. A very readable survey of Persia, done from the viewpoint of & well- read traveler, Better than most travel books. | SIXTEEN BRITISH TROUT RIVERS. By F. W. Picard. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons. A niee book for fishermen. GIVE ME MY OWN GOD. By Aimee Semple McPherson. New York: H. C. Kinsey Co. The evangelist writes of her travels and concludes that her own religion suits her best. i AND WE ARE CIVILIZED. By Woif- gang Ackerman. New York: Coviei Friede. The war-years autoblography of an Austrian army officer and surgeon. Valuable anti-war document. HELL! NO! By James 8. Stringfel- low. Boston: Meador Publishing By 1. Vera Rainbow Co. Anecdotal account of war sdven- tures by an officer of the A. E. F. YOUR UNSEEN FORCES. By Eva Burton, New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons. A book on spiritism, purporting to be composed chiefly of messages sent by Prentice Mulford, New York writer, who died in 1891. HANDWRITING TELLS. By Nadya Olyanova. New York: Covici Friede. How to classify human beings by their script. Or s work on the science of graphology, s it is called. THE AGE OF UNREASON. By Ralph Waldo Hartley. Boston: Meador ness of women working for their livings. MIGHTY MUSCLES. By Winslow Dickson. Boston: Meador Publish- ing Co. Naive book on the conditions of work among railroad employes. THE ALICE BRADLEY MENU COOK BOOK. For October, November and December. New York: The Macmillan Co. ‘The current ly for Miss Bradley’s loose-leaf quarter; recipe book. Good Liveright Publishing Corp. An edition for the biack and gold lbrary. THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN Publishing Co. i An indignant book on the sinful- for “Sherston’s Progress,” by (Doubleday, Doran & Co.) SATURDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1936. NT INSPIRES STIMSON MAGAZINE FACES ARE LIFTED ByM.C.R. past month has been an eventful one for magazine re- viewers for in that time two important publications have changed their dress and price. While that may not seem like & lot of activ- ity to people whose jobs involve deep- sea diving or the catching of red-hot rivets on the top beams of sky- scrapers, it is something like a major revolution in the magazine reviewing business, where one of the quaint old guild superstitions is that magasine editors never print anything really new, but just operate by shifting para- graphs, names, illustrations and punctustion marks around, getting their real fun out of running a sort of competition among themseives as to who can devise the most combina- tions with the least material. ¢ * * And then to come k from vacation and find that Scribner's and the American Mercury have simultaneous- ly had their faces lifted. Oomrade Trotsky was writing in the Saturdsy Evening Post. And that has k| ceen a long, long time ago. ‘Well, Scribner’s is now presenting & very handsome front to the world, indeed. Its new asilhouette is long, slim and attractively haughty. It has Thomas Cleland doing its format and covers; he also did the format for Fortupe. It has John Chamberlain doing its books and Edwin C. Hill and Gilbert Beldes contributing. It is run- ning a department for new writers and illustrators of fiction, and the first Brief Reviews of Books sian by Max Eastman, New York: Simon and Schuster. A one volume edition of the work that formerly was published in three. Fietion, WHITE BANNERS. By Lioyd C. Douglas. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. The current Douglas Marshmaliow stuffing. LOVE OR MONEY. By Rob Eden. New York: John H. Hopkins and Son. ‘What a question. STEPMOTHER. By Janice Pollack. New York: Robert Speller Publish- ing Corp. Triangle stuff. PUBLIC RELATIONS. By Louis Lef- ko. Philadelphia: Dorrance and Co. candy bar. holding company. BANTAN—GOD-LIKE ISLANDER. By Maurice B. Gardner. Boston: Meador Publishing Co. Novel of the South Seas. SHE WHO HESITATED. By Eula Lankford Brooks. Boston: Mea- dor Publishing Co. Romance of the Cumberlands. ACRES OF BEAUTY. By Loulse Jennings Tuttle. New York: Portuny’s novel of small North Car- olina town. Mysteries. DESIGN FOR MURDER. By Fred- eric Arnoid Kummer. New York: Lothrop, Lee and Shepard Co. Murder in a Washington setting. MAN. By T.C. H. Jacobs. New York. The Macaulay Co. Scotland Yard gets its man again. THE AFFAIR OF THE MALACCA STICK. By Charlton Andrews. New York: Ives Washburn. | And Scotland Yard gets its man again. PUZZLE FOR FOOLS. By Patrick Quentin. New York: Simon & Schuster. m’!’:: first of this publisher's highly- “Inner Sanctum % Not_bad. B THBE CROOKS' SHEPHERD. By Seldon Truss. New York: Lo- throp, Lee & Shepberd Co. Scotland Yard g. i. m. a. DEATH OVER SAN SILVESTRO. By Mike Teagle. New York: Hillman Curl, Inc. Murder mixed up with the election. MURDER IN MESOPOTAMIA. By Agatha Christle. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. The latest Poirot. FILE ON BOLITHO BLAINE. Writ- ten by Dennis Wheatley. Planned by J. G. Links. New York: Wil liam Morrow & Co. Detective story presented in the form of a police file on the crime, even to being published in loose-leaf covers. The solution is sealed in an envelope at the end. You do your own guessing. Brief poems, neat and finely edged. GREEN GROWS THE LAUREL. By Hatel L. Zimmerman. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. A collection of smoothly written sonnets. POEMS, 1935. By F. L. Lucas. New York: The Macmillan Co. A collection of this author's dis- tinguished verses written between 1916 and 1935, Worth having. WIND FROM THE HILLS. By Clara Endicott Sears. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons. Sentimental verses. POEMS. By John M. Yetter. Boston: Ohrll{onm Publishing House. SONGS OP SOLITUDE. By Georgia Sentimental stuff” % Juveniles. % THE egum‘nrgp"nv:i By Arthur Mi- Rellly & Lee Co. A fairy tale that makes use of (modern properties. But a fairy story MARY LARK'S NATURE STORIES. By QGeorgiana Wines. Boston: Love with a background of a utility | APPOINTMENT WITH THE HANG- | contributor of a story to this section (John Day Co.) 80 much | excitement has not been seen since | |to be treading tional election as & result of which perhaps only a thousand men would leave and enter jobs. Let the Presi- dent, cabinet members and top ad- ministrators come and go, but assure » continuity of Government through the retention of the remainder of the siaff, @ *o® IN OTHER words, the new Scrib- ner’s makes the merit system the issue in and after the coming bat- tle of votes, and apparently is willing to make a fight on the matter, too. For it promises a series of articles in forthcoming numbers to be writ- ten “on various phases of the merit plan.” These pieces, it says, will be by “realists.” That, of course, is very nice. And, as if to give & fighting edge to what seems, somehow, a very long- range campaign, Scribner's publishes s full-page plea for funds for the National Civil Service Reform League —which was founded way back in 1881, or is it unkind to say so? For the rest, the new magazine seems very like others of our better magazines. That is, it seems a slightly con- fused path mid-way between the New Yorker and Esquire on the one hand and the Atlantic Monthly on the other. It has one superior short story, s plece by Gosta Larsson, called “Trapped.” “Trapped” has, faintly but certainly, that quality that belongs to literature rather than to writing, that quality that makes even bad literature superior to good writ- ing, that quality noted by a critic named Aristotle as the power to re- From the frontispiece of “Queen of Hearts,” by Isaac Goldberg. | |is a convict. It costs only 25 cents | and it has dropped Dr. William Lyon | Phelps. Well, maybe the Faerie Queene Club had reached its full membership, anyway. ’ON! picks up Scribner's now with some curiosity. And what does one find? An editorial entitled, “Roosevelt or Landon.” Curiosity dies—or is about to die when one no- |tices the subtitle. It is “And Then . . ." One cannot help but like the im- partiality implied. Roosevelt or Lan- don—we are going to get one or the other, Scribner's seems to say. But it 130 seems to say that it does not mat- ter particularly which one of the can- didates is returned to us. This, it | not new, is rare enough not to have become completely monotonous. One reads on, wondering what slant it will take, under the haughty new cover of the new 35-cent Scribner’s. One finds that it is made & sort of tour de force to plug the merit sys- be the magazine's chief political con- cern, for the moment. Summed up, the editorial says simply that the qual- ity of any sdministration is deter- mined by the men and women who are carried into Government jobs by the elected candidates. Let there be a higher order of appointees behind the eloquence, and the personality and politics of the winners of the actual election will not make much differ- ence. “The spoils system,” says the edi- torial, after commenting on the man- ner in which the Civil Service lisis have been ignored by the present ad- ministration, “constitutes & far bigger issue than is represented by the selec- tion of the alphabetical personnel. Un- Jess we close our eyes to what has been going on in the world, we must recog- nize the fact that many of the Gov- ernment agencies created in the past four years are here to stay. Unless we bury our heads in the sand, we must admit that a change of parties in Washington will not eliminate bureaucracy.” FTER noting Mr. Farley's remark that “one Democrat in a public tem in Civil Service, which seems to | lease human emotions. You can read “Trapped,” and the illustrations in the new magazine are pretty good. Al FOR the American Mercury, let it be said in haste that its change is physical only. As if to burn these | tidings idelibly into the minds of prospective buyers, announcement is made on the new cover that the lead- ing article is by H. L. Mencken. And the title of that article is “The Case for Dr. Landon"—Dr., not Mr. | Likewise within its covers are ‘Thomas Wolfe and Albert Jay Nock. But the Mercury is shrunken. It is now pee-wee size, or much the same silhouette as The Readers’ Digest. One cannot, somehow, help regretting the change. One gets it all for a quarter, now, to be sure, all the de- lightful Menckenian roarings, all the determinedly bad fiction, the knock- kneed poetry, and the sideswiping pieces on current follies, sometimes as foolish themselves as the things they attack, and sometimes superbly pat. But will it be the same Mer- cury? One fears that it will not. For an almost indispensable attribute of fierceness is largeness, and somehow one cannot think of Dempsey and Schmeling as good subjects for even the best miniature. Another insti- tution has gone from us. | ET, what Mr. Mencken says seems very like himself. He does not think very highly of Dr. Landon, but he believes him inestimably superior to Dr. Roosevelt. “The reported benefits of the New Deal,” he says, “are all imaginary * ® ¢ The so-called underprivileged, far from being lifted out of their wallow, have simply been converted into mendicants and serfs. Free com- petition has been curbed and monop- oly has been fostered. The banks have been harassed in petty ways * * * The savings of millions of industrious and useful people have been depleted, with no benefits to any one save para- sites in and out of office. The civil service has been wrecked to make a national Tammany, devoted only to plliage. Every really scientific effort to get st the springs of the com- munal griefs has been abandoned for qQuackery pure and undiluted.” “I believe it will Federal desks, it declares with some | Y T gF this issué of the Mercury, and Harold Lord Varney has a highly illuminating piece on the collechvist trend of the Excitement in Literary World Is Created by Scribner’s and Amer- ican Mercury in New Silhouettes—Impression of High Grade—New. Size Loses Fierceness. administration called “Is Roosevelt a Socialist?” The latter is commended to readers who hold to our traditional system of government with the fol- lowing quotation: “* * * on every basic sector of the capitalist front, the present economy is now beleaguered by the policies of the Roosevelt administration. It would be straining credulity too far to believe that the New Deal has blundered accidentally into all these collectivist attitudes. That they are jigsaw patterns of a definite col- lectivist plan which, however obscure it may be to Dr. Roosevelt himself, is dazeingly plain to Dr. Tugwell and other members of the Brain Trust Junta, is seen by the recent Tugwell- ian declaration that ‘we shouid suc- ceed for once in establishing a farmer-worker alliance in this coun- try, which will carry all before it, which will reduce our dependence on halfway measures, and allow us to carry through those reconstructive ones both in agriculture and industry. without which our nation cannot con- tinue either free or prosperious, ' " Mr. Varney's piece examines prett thoroughly what Dr. Tugwell is like to mean by “free” and “prosperous and his findings are extremely inte Maryland Roads (Continued from Pllfl? x process, will collect much additiona! dust, if the stones are soft. This will pass into the mixture and will tend to upset the very delicate formula devised by the engineer in charge, a being the correct mixture. The absorption test is a simple on: and is self-explanatory. On its re- sult hinges the speed of the job. I: the stone is apt to absorb too much humidity, the length of time require to dry it is increased. Only complete- ly dry stone and sand can be used fo mixing, otherwise the humidity wou! increase the weight of the materic and again would cause a variation i the fixed mixture. These few illustrations will serve t give an idea of the minute care the is taken in order to attain a mixtu: to comply with the specifications « the engineer in charge. His calcule tions as to quality, quantity and si of stone, amount of dust and aspha! must be followed with an exactne comparabie only to the care taken t | & druggist in filling a prescrption. INACCURAT! or careless calculs tions in weighing the differen materials that go into a “batch ¢ | mixture” destined later to be dumpec on the street or highway, may cause the cracks which you and I see whe the road has been finished, or perhap those “greasy” spots that are not onl: | an eyesore, but reveal poor workman- ship in construction, and will lead to | further defects when cold or ho weather sets in. How does this engineer arrive a* his precise formula, adaptable to particular need? He has the qualities of the mat rials, as revealed in the chemic: laboratory; he knows exactly the tyi and capabilities of the asphalt at hi disposal. In the field he has studiec the traffic, also the surroundinz countryside as to drainage and sub- | s0il. He knows whether the soil is spongy, hard, rocky, or perhaps the | sumbo type, which is found in some sections of Southern United States. If the ‘country is usually very hot | in the Summer season and the Win- ter is characterized by much rain, hc not only must make an important de- cision as to the type of asphalt used in the pavement, but also the amount of fine dust and sand to be used in the layer of finishing surface which covers the more coarse under surface. In that case a low penetration asphait would be used, that is, a hard asphalt Depending on the fineness of the dust. this, in turn, is increased or decreased in quantity. In cold climates the con- trary would perhaps be desirable. We say “perhaps,” for in some countries it is extremely hot in Summer and again extremely cold in Winter, which calls for a different treatment of the materials and in the manner of lay- ing the surface. The scales with which the mixing machines are equipped are an object of constant scrutiny by the emgineer in charge. The man who must weigh each measure of stone, sand, dust and asphalt that goes to form a batch of mixture, which will be released into a waiting truck and carrieg $o the project, has a very responsible and exacting job. In the Summer months that man is usually provided with a gas mask, in order to prevent in- haling the fine dust that escapes from the bins. The heat, near the drying material, is always terrific, since the mixture generally leaves the plant for street or highway at temperatures carrying from 280 to 400 degrees Fah- renheit, depending on the distance from the construction. Generally higher temperatures than these pre- vail in the drying drums, in which sand, dusi and stone are kept re- volving. IN SQUANDERLAND | J Lewis Stackpole’s hilarious satire | Funnier than the New Deal itself! 25 cents a copy at your bookstore or newsstand or postpaid direct from THE PAISLEY PRESS, Now York OUR LENDING LIBRARY has all the latest books. Take one home to read 'omqh; “"White Banners” “Drums Along the Mohawk"’ “1 Am the Fox" Mor 10e¢ ;% 2¢ for each edditionel dey Lending Library . . . First Ploor. 4