Evening Star Newspaper, December 3, 1935, Page 1

WEATHER. (U. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.) Partly cloudy, lowest temperature about 28 degrees tonight; tomorrow, snow flur- ries and much colder by night. Temper- atures—Highest, 37, at 12:45 p.m. yes- terday; lowest, 30, at 6 a.m. today. Full report on page A-9. Closing N. Y. Markets, Pages 15~, d clas: tt No. 33/453. FHifies Washinston. D. ¢ L 4 The only evening paper ‘ ¢ : in Washington witg the i s Associated Press News and Wirephoto Services. 6,17 WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION SR : ; Yesterday’s Circulation, 132,190 Some Returns Not Yet Received. Al A—————— — TUESDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1935—FORTY-FOUR PAG‘ES. Rokok R 1 (# Means Asscciated Press. TWO CENTS. WASHINGTON, D. C, ICKES DISAVOWS OIL BAN; HULL WARNS ARMS FIRMS; BRITAIN SPEEDS DEFENSE Interior Head Says He Urged | Co-operation. HAD DENIED PRICE SLUMP Secretary of State Cites Failure to File Under Law. BACKGROUND— League of Nations decision to keep jfrom Italy all-important shipments of petroleum followed close on heels of Secretary Ickes’ suggestion three weeks ago United States ezporters should limit ship- ments to Italian oil buyers. Musso- lini complained and minor riots took place in Italian towns against Americans and the British, leader of the League movement. Drying up all sources of oil for Il Duce would necessitate his halting Ethio- pian conquest, declaring war on boycotting nations, or seeking the black blood from Russia. By the Associated Press. Secretary Ickes contended today that his November 21 remarks about exports to Italy and Ethiopia had been *“misunderstood,” and that he had asked only for compliance with the administration efforts to hold up ship~ ment of “munitions.” His expression in question had been almost exclusively interpreted as call- ing on the oil industry to hold up oil shipments to the warring nations. Asked whether his remarks today were to be interpreted as “backing down” in view of the Italian attitude toward an oil embargo, Ickes said only “all I can do is read from the record.” A few minutes later Secretary Hull threatened criminal prosecution of firms and individuals handling arms, ammunition and implements of war who thus far have failed to register with the Government as prescribed by the npeutrality act. Coincidentally, the Secretary of State made public a list of 86 per- sons and companies which have met the vequirements of the neutrality law by registering within the pre- scribed 90-day period. Under the act, all those engaged in the manufacture, exportation and im- portation of arms, ammunition and implements of war are required to register with the Secretary of State, paying a $500 fee. Quizzed on Intent. In his first reference to his exports remarks since he made the statement three weeks ago, Ickes said today his position was: “They ought to co-operate in let- ter and spirit with the Government in its efforts to halt shipments of munitions of war to belligérents.” Asked who he meant by “they,” Ickes acknowledged that the preced- ing question at the November 21 press conference was concerned only with oil exports. He confirmed the original reports of his conference that he, at a later point, had said holding up oil exports would not depress the price. League Move Followed. The remarks in November by Ickes were followed by action abroad to have the League of Nations include an oil embargo in its sanctions applying | to Italy. Asked why he had not corrected the “misinterpretation” earlier, Ickes said only, “If 1 were in the habit of cor- recting all statements attributed to me. I wouldn’t have time for my work.” He reminded reporters that at the time he had said that he had no “au- thority at all” to enforce ‘an oil em- bargo and added today “that is within the jurisdiction of the Secretary of State—I made a general statement applying to everybody.” The Secretary said he was not of- fering his remarks as a “correction.” He declined comment on a suggestion that his remarks indicated a change in the State Department's attempts to discourage shipments of war materials 1o either Italy or Ethiopia. No immediate comment was forth- coming from the State Department on Ickes’ statements. In his formal statement on registra- tion, Hull asserted that a number of firms presumably coming under the neutrality law have not registered. Expressing the hope that their fatlure to do so has been due to “inadvertence” and that they will comply with the law within the next few days, he added that should they fail to go so ‘within a reasonable time he would e obliged to send the names of the com- panies to the Attorney General “for such action as he may deem ap- propriate.” Fine Provided. A penalty of five years’ imprison- ment or $10,600 fine or both is pro- vided for vioation of the law. It pro- vides that all persons registering wunder the act shall maintain, sub- Ject to the inspection of the National Munitions Control Board, such per- manent records of manufacture or ex- port, . importation or exportation of arms, ammunition or implements of war as the board prescribes. Those desiring to import or export arms, ammunition or implements of war must first obtain a license from the board, which issues it only after determining that the export or im- port of such materiels is not in viola- tion of any American law. ¢ The registration period closed No- vember 29. Hull’s Statement. lows: “There will be released today a statement containing a list of the per- sons and companies engaged in the manufacture, exportation and. impor- tation of arms who have registered @ (See ICKES, Page 3, Y | | Meaning of Ickes’ Interview Holds Qil Embargo Stand By the Assoclated Press. Did Secretary Ickes say “war materials” or “munitions of war”? On that question hinges the : - answer wheth- > er he was cor- rectly reported by those who at- tended his No- vember 21 press conference, which was in- terpreted as a call for a vol- untary embargo on ofl ship- ments to Italy and Ethiopia. Asked about oil shipments to the warring na- tions, Ickes was quoted that day as replying “They ought to com- ply both in letter and spirit with the efforts of the Government to prevent furnishing war materials Secretary Ickes. to either of the belligerents.” Today he quoted himself from notes as having said “They ought to co-operate in letter and spirit with the Government in its ef- forts to halt shipments of muni- tions of war to belligerents.” Oil is a “war material” but is not & “munition.” | | SELASSIE ASKS AID OF CHURCH Urges Patriarch of Coptic Sect to Intervene : for Peace. | (Copyright. 1935, by the Associated Press.) CXIRG, Egypt, December 3.—Em- | peror Haile Selassie has appealed to Patriarch Johannes, supreme au- | thority of the Coptic Christian Church, to intervene with the Italian govern- | ment to restore peace in Ethiopia, an =thnrlufin religious source said to- y. The request was made through Abuna (high bishop) Cyril, lurm; monk, who was chosen g patriarch to rule the Ethfopian church, this high authority asserted. The Emperor instructed the abuna last Wednesday, it was said, to write to the patriarch, suggesting “the most favorable rhoment to begin conver- sations will be between December 10 and December 15.” It was understood the patriarch has | been considering approaching the | Italian Minister here for several months. Johannes, to whom Emperor Haile | Selassie addressed his plea to help |end the war in Ethiopia, bears the title “The Most Holy Pope and patri- i arch of the Great City of Alexandria iand of All the Land of Egypt, of ! Jerusalem the Holy City, of Nubia, | Abyssinia and Pentapolis and All the Preaching of St. Mark.” Originally the patriarch of the Cop- | tic Christian Church held jurisdiction over all these places, but of those out- ! (See SELASSIE, Page 3.) 'FORDHAM DECLINES SUGAR BOWL BID University President Objects to New Year Game in New Orleans. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, December 3.—Ford- ham University will not play in the Sugar Bowl foot ball game in New Orleans New Year day, university authorities announced today. Jack Coffey, Fordham's graduate manager of athletics, sald Fordham athletic authorities were approached yesterday by representatives of the committee in charge of the game and objection to participation in the post- season contest was voiced by the Very Rev. Aloysius J. Hogan, 8. J., president of the university. Mexico Announces Policy. MEXICO CITY, December 3 (#).— A policy of “mutual self-respect” will be followed by Mexico in its dealings with foreign nations, Gen. Eduardo Hay, new secretary of foreign relations, told the diplomatic corps yesterday. ? Plans to Halt Italy’s Fuel Progress. LONDON SEES CURB CERTAIN £300,000,000Raised. One-Third May Go to Build Forces. (Copyright, 1935. by the Associated Press.) LONDON, December 3. — King George told Parliament today it is “urgently necessary that deficiencies in the defense forces” of the British Empire be “made good.” The King's warning came.as the | ninth Parliament of his reign con- | vened. A few hours before Parliament met | the British treasury announced the | government has floated two loans totaling £300,000,000—about $1,458,- | 000,000. At least £200,000,000, it was under- | stood, was intended as refinancing for other government debts, but no im- mediate announcement was forthcom- ing as to the purpose for which the remaining £100,000,000 was intended. Reaffirms League Faith. The King conveyed to Parliament his government's point of view. “The government’s foreign policy,” he declared, “will, as heretofore, be based on the firm support of the League of Nations. They remain pre- pared to fulfill in co-operation with the other members of the League the obligations of the covenant. “Particularly they are determined to use at all times the full weight of their influence for the preservation of peace. “In pursuance of these obligations, the government felt compelled to adopt, in co-operation with some 50 other members of the League, certain measures of an economic and financial nature in regards to Italy. ® * *” Touches on Labor. After discussing defense plaus, the King took up internal affairs, par- ticularly concerning himself with the situsation of labor and unemployment. ““The problem of securing improved conditions in the coal mining indus- try,” said the King, “is receiving anxious consideration. * * * A re- orgainzation measuré will be intro- duced providing for tie unification of coal royalties under national con- trol.” King George said the government ‘would pay especial attention to “areas in which the burden of unemploy- ment is greatest.” He sald special measures would be undertaken for the improvement of living conditions of laboring men and for the elimination of slums. 1l Duce Firm. Authoritative sources said a discus- sion of peace plans was proceeding amicably between Great Britain and France, but that there was not the slightest indication that Premier Mus- solini of Italy was ready to talk peace or would propose to accept the terms. An attitude of pessimism prevailed among offlicals, who regarded the ap- plicatiog of oil sanctions against Italy as inevitable. ‘The treasury succeeded in setting a new low record in interest rates (See KING, Page 3.) SCIENTISTS FIND CHANGE IN GRAVITY OF . EARTH Soviet Academy Reports Slow Fluctuation in Weight of Ob- jects Otherwise Unchanged. By the Associated Press. MOSCOW, December 3.—The Soviet Academy of Sciences has reported evi- dence of changes in the earth’s grav- ity, the law which brings down things which have gone up. The academy reported, after an ex- pedition into the Caucasus, that ob- jects which have undergone no change in bulk or material composition have, over a period of years, fluctuated in weight. The fluctuations are caused, the scientific report said, by very slow, secular alterations in- the gravity of the earth, which are probably “the re- sult of gigantic catastrophes and shiftings of huge masses of matter deep under the surface.” Educators Scoff at D. C. Critics Of Becker’s Communism Views the Executive Committee of the m‘z‘flm of Citizens' Associations on Carl L. Becker's treatment of communism in his “Modern History,” which is used in the District public schools, a score of the country’s leading educators The full text of Hull's statement fol- preters of American democratic insti- tutions and ideals.” Dr. Livingston Farrand, president of Cornell University, wired: “The charge is nothing less than absurd. Becker is a loyal American Dean C. Sellery of the Uni- versity of Wisconsin branded the at- tack as .“scandalous” and Edgar C. Furniss, dean of the Graduate School ‘Yale University, sald: NEVE&S VD GET oyT oF uBELI EVED A e POSITION ¢ —_— ROOSEELTPLAS CURBONSPENDIG President Will Take Every Opportunity to Convince People of Program. BY J. RUSSELL YOUNG, Staff Correspondent of The Star. WARM SPRINGS, Ga., December 3. —President Roosevelt is now making it evident he intends to take advantage of every opportunity to convince the people that the time for lavish spend- ing on the part of the Federal Gov- ernment, especially in the promotion of New Deal soclal experiments, is & thing of the past, and that the cost of carrying on these emergency expedi- ents must be borne by the States, the counties and the municipalities. Mr. Roosevelt feels confident the Na- Tecovered sufficien depression, that ernment has done more than its share in battling along what he reférs to as “the line of human necessity.” Those who know what is in the President’s mind expect him to make repeated reference to the shifting of the emergency burden to the shoulders of the States, the counties and the municipalities. Stresses Necessity for Cuts. In the much-talked-of Atlanta speech, which has since been generally interpreted as: the actual keynote for his forthcoming campaign for re- election, he laid great emphasis on the necessity for restricting Government activity in the various fields of re- covery and relief, with a view to re- ducing emergency expenditures. Again yesterday, Mr. Roosevelt put the idea in plain language as he ad- dressed a large and unusual gathering at the Pine Mountain Valley rural community, across the mountain on the northern slopes of which is located the Little White House. The Pine Mountain Valley settlement is the first project of its kind undertaken by the Federal Government for transplanta- tion of needy families to rural com- munities affording opportunity to live with reasonable comfort and, at the same time, earn a living. In an ad- dress praising what has been done thus far in this experiment, the Presi- dent declared that, while he considered it “another dream come true,” he realized that the Government cannot go further in such projects, and that he hoped the example being set in Pine Mountain Valley would be fol- lowed by local governments. To Inspect C. C. C. Camp. Another unit of the New Deal's social experiments will be inspected the latter part of this week, when President Roosevelt makes an inspec- tion tour of the C. C. C. camp at Warm Springs. After his address to the pioneer families on the Pine Mountain Valley project, and the thousand or so Georgians who had come from nearby counties to hear him, President Roose- velt motored to the plantation home of Cason Callaway, operator of one of the largest cotton mills in the South, where he was an overnight guest. The President arose early enough today to drive the 35 miles from the Callaway Markham Decries Broken Spirit of Man Without Hoe By the Associated Press. OKLAHOMA CITY, December 3.—Edwin Markham, 84, whose poem, “The Man With the Hoe,” stirred the world 36 years ago, said today “the man without a hoe” is in worse plight than the peasant his poem described as: “A thing that grieves not and that never hopes, Solid and stunned, a brother to the ox.” Visiting a ramshackle squat- ter's camp near the stockyards, he pointed to the huts and then to the fat cattle awaiting slaugh- ter and cried: “Look at the difference. Man no longer is brother of the ox * ¢ * he has become the brother of the beaten cur dog.” ECUADOR VILLAGE " BURIED IN SLIDE= Verde Cocha, With 50 In- habitants, Is Entirely Destroyed. By the Associated Press. GUAYAQUIL, Ecuador, December 3. —A landslide buried the village of Verde Cocha early today, killing its 50 inhabitants in an instant. Inhabitants of the area around Huigra, where Verde Cocha was situ- ated, heard a deep rumbling under- ground at 3:15 a.m. No one was left alive to tell whether any of the inhabitants of the village, set in the Andes, were awakened be- fore the slide hit. The great mass of rocks and dirt slid over a front of nearly two miles, sweeping everything from the gray and green mountainside. The Ecuadorean government is send- ing relief workers into the area, for the railroad line was not caught by the slide. Not only was Verde Cocha erased from the. map, but large portions of two widely known ranches were wiped away. These two are the haciendas known as Yinancay and Guayagsi. Large numbers of cattle were destroyed. SNOW FLURRIES DUE IN CAPITAL TOMORROW Weather Bureau Says Fall Will Be Light, However—Cold ‘to Continue. Snow flurries are due in Washington tomorrow, but the Weather Bureau is inclined to treat them lightly. The flurries will be spotty and in- consequential, the forecaster declared, pointing out it is improbable they will develop into anything serious. “Continued cloudiness and colder tomorrow night” is predicted. The minimum tonight will be about 28. Yesterday's high and low temper- atures were 37 and 30 degrees, record- ed at 12:45 pm. and 6 a.m., respec- tively. The mercury dropped to 30 at 6 a.m. today and four hours later had climbed only one degree. —_—_— . Noted Pilot Crashes. SYDNEY, Australia, December 3 (#).—C. James Melrose, noted Aus- tralian pilot, erashed today at Bund- anoon, New South Wales, and was ! | lifted semi-conscious from his plane. 2 pid spEy LT igt sgf Doctors said his injuries were not serlous. Readers’ Guide TWO DIE IN PRISON BREAK IN BOSTON | Several Guards and Inmates Injured as Five Make Dash for Liberty. By the Associated Press. BOSTON, December 3.—Two men— a prisoner and a truck driver—were killed and several guards and prison- ers were injured today as a gang of convicts broke from the Massachusetts State Prison in the Charlestown dis- trict of Boston. Five prisoners took part in the break. All were believed to have been recaptured. At least two were injured by shots fired by the guards. Recaptured at Gun Point. roar and details of just what had hap- pened were Meager for some time. Prison guards said the dead pris- oner was Philip Naples, alils Napoli, of Worcester, serving a term for rob- bing gas stations. The truck driver, Louis Richards, was slugged with an iron pipe and thrown to the cobblestone pavement of the prison yard. Although prison officials believe all of the convicts had been recaptured, an immediate check of the 700 to 900 inmates was begun. Police and guards said the break yard near a huge 5-ton motor truck, of which Richards was the driver. The gang suddenly set upon Shaughnessey and beat him down. One of the convicts slugged Richards. Jumping upon the truck, the con- victs drove for the tunnel-like truck entrance leading toward the railroad yards. They broke through the gate and immediately abandoned the truck and ran. Prison guards pursued them, firing as they ran. Boston police and State police rushed to the scene. ‘Two of the escaping prisoners were captured by Thomas F. Devine, a Bos- ton & Maine special policeman, at gun point. The convicts surrendered with- out a struggle. Shortly afterward another—Frank Joyce—was caught. A fourth prisoner—William “Red” McManus, serving a term for rob- bery—was shot as he emerged from beneath a freight shed. The extent of his injuries was not immediately determined. Bt:r fifth prisoner also was caught The first official report came from the Boston police and sald five pris- oners were accounted for. One of these was dead, one seriously wounded, and three were suffering from tesr (See PRISON, Page 5.) to broadcast an important message to It was a mighty busy morning in the offices of the National Broadcasting :| needs the help Washington. [ i J 25' 2 8 Q H g E A g i it ! il 1 i ¥ i § ; Santa Claus Will Broadcast Message to Children Tonight National Broadcasting Co. and WMAL Rush Arrangements for Personal Talk—Toy Shows All Set. Santa Claus is going on the air tonight, over Station WMAL at 6:05 FRENCH CHAMBER SUSPENDS SESSION INGREAT DISORDER Shouting Deputies Drown Out Debate on-Political Organizations. LEFTISTS DEMAND GOVERNMENT RESIGN Radical Leader Charges Laval| Is Accomplice of Con- servative Groups. BACKGROUND— Heading a coalition government in which violent diflerences exist between factions, France’s Premier Laval wooed Leftist support by threat to dissolve natiapalistic veterans’ organization, Croiz de Feu; on platjorm of balanced budget and maintenance of gold standard, gained 324-to-247 vote of parliamentary confidence on No- vember 29. Authority as nation’s representative in international con- ferences mow staked upon reaction to recent policy of boldly backing Britain against Italy. By the Associated Press. PARIS, December 3.—The Chamber | of Deputies’ session was suspended in | confusion today when shouting Dep- | uties drowned out members’ attempts | to debate the status of political or- ganizations in France. The Radical Socialist party mem- | bers were reported ready to demand that such associations as the Fascist war veterans’ organization, the Croix | de Feu, be dissolved. A Communist deputy, Arthur Ram- | ette, managed to be heard long enough to charge that Premier Laval was an | accomplice of Conservative political | organizations. Laws Held Insufficient. Other Deputies shouted that the present national laws were insuffi- cient to enable the government to control the organizing of militant political groups. As the wrangle increased in noise, | cries that the Government resign de- veloped more and more vehemently on the left side of the Chamber, where the radical members sit—or stand, as was the case today. Premier Laval defended himself, ex- pressing “reprobation” of the acts of | which the Leftists accused the “Fas- cists.” R On the controversial question of | rival political leagues, the prerier stood on his earlier promises to pre- serve order and to prevent any further disorders such as the Limoges incicent, | a clash between leftist and Croix de Feu Nationalists, in which several persons were wounded. Close Vote Is Seen. Leftist deputies, nevertheless, de- manded dissolution of Col. Francois de 1a Rocque’s Croix de Feu, a war veterans’ organization which they called Fascist, and other Nationalist | The debate on this issue, starting | today, presented a more threatening | aspect than the previous financial dis- | cussions under the leftist insistence | on stern government action for sup- pression of the rightist leagues, in ad- dition to public order measures. Most predictions were that the gov- ernment’s majority would be smaller than the 324-to-247 vote of support for the financial policies, but sufficient to authorize Laval to represent France in further dealings with the Italo- Ethiopian crisis. A vote on the political issues was not expected to be reached before Thursday. Accused of “Complicity.” The Communists accused the Laval government of “complicity” with the “Fascist leagues.” One deputy declared Joseph Pa- ganon, minister of interior, had asked Col. La Rocque to use his influence on his followers to prevent disorders, while another deputy charged a high official in Laval’s office is a member of the Croix de Feu. ‘The Communists listed as “seditious | organizations” the Croix de Feu, roy- alists, the French Solidarity, Prancists, Young Patriots and the Peasant Front of Henri Dorgeres. With gold withdrawals from the Bank of France virtually halted, dis- cussion of the budget was sidetracked for the debate on political forces. the boys and girls of Washington. of boys and girls in In return for their | infirm and other NEW “DOLE" TALK CONPLEATES B OF FONG BT House Committee Seeks to Trim Deficit, but Relief Demands Loom. ROOSEVELT SILENT, WATCHING INDUSTRY President Expected to Withhold Views Pending Reports on Unemployment. BACKGROUND— Federal Relief Administrator Hopkins brought direct relief to dramatic close on November 30; announced no more grants for this specific purpose would be made to States, that future Federal aid would be for works program. Spend- ing record for two years, $3,041~ 647,691, mot including C. W. A. Careful Congress, however, au= thorized F. E. R. A. to function un= til next Junme 30, may extend such authorization on pressure from home; terms of $4,880,000,000 ap- propriation elastic enough to allow unlimited use of dole. By the Associated Press. Talk that the administration may possibly deem it necessary to ask Con- gress for more “dole” money, despite the New Deal effort to scrap this form of relief, was heard today in informed quarters. This possibility was under discussion in one part of town while in another the House Appropriations Committee sat down to preliminary work on the budget for the fiscal year beginning next July 1. These two vast problems—relief and the budget—are intertwined. Most ex- perts agree the size of the relief ap- propriation will be a major factor in determining the extent of next year’s deficit. Chairman Buchanan of the Appro- priations Committee has expressed hope of cutting the deficit from an estimated $3,281,000,000 this year to $500,000,000 next. Saving Hinges on Relief. But most committee members see little chance of making any really sizable savings anywhere except on relief funds. If recommendation for large spending on relief should coin- cide with demands for budget bal- ancing, the Appropriations Commit- tee's annual headache would be un- usually severe this year. Though talk of a possible “dole” in the future is heard in informed quar- ters, there is no indication that the man at the top—President Roosevelt— has made up his mind. Declaring the peak of Federal spending is past, he is believed to .be waiting until the eleventh hour to see how many job- | less are absorbed in private industry and how much distress remains before making his decision on relief needs. The Federal Government recently informed the States that henceforth they would receive no more direct relief (dole) funds and that the re- sponsibility of caring for the aged, “unemployables™ would be theirs. Special Studies Ordered. However, officials are known to be | keeping an attentive eye on the “un- | employables” situation. Special signifi« cance is attached to a disclosure | that Harry L. Hopkins, relief chief, has ordered special studies of their plight. On the basis of three recent sur- | veys of such people in Georgia, offi- cials contended, they got a “tough break” after the end of Federal relief. Other surveys are under way in Colo- rado and Kansas and more will follow. Protests have been heard that States | and local communities are unable to carry the relief burden. It is also noted that the District of Columbia government announced today a 25 per cent cut in payments to all relief clients here, attributing this to with- | drawal of Federal aid. An immediate 10 per cent slash is being made, with the full 25 per cent cut in effect by the end of the month. Families Cut to $22.50. Officials said this meant that aver- age payments to families and indi- viduals here would be cut from $30 & month to $22.50. Last year $4,880,000,000 was ap- propriated for this year's Nation-wide work and relief program. Some of it may be left over, perhaps as much as $900,000,000, according to present estimates. But how much more the New Deal will ask is the big question. Some observers figure the adminis« tration may have difficulty if it ate tempts any sharp cut in relief spend« ing. Aside from protests from com- munities which contend they cannot carry the burden, appropriations slashing is a job unwelcome tc mosé Congress members in a campaign year. Two Supply Bills Up. The first move of the Appropria- tions Committee today, in approach- ing the complex budget problem, was to call hearings on the appropria- tions for the Treasury-Post Office and independent offices. These are twa of the biggest annual supply bills, but do not touch the relief question proper. “We are going to keep well within the budget and cut where we can,” sald Chairman Woodrum of the sub- committee for the independent offices bill Woadrum indorsed the objective of