Evening Star Newspaper, May 9, 1933, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY. May 9, 1933 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. European Office 14 Regent St., London, England, Rate by Carrier Within the City.., The Evening Star . ...43c per month The Evening and 80c per month mohen § Sunday e Evening_and 65¢ per month The Sunday Star..... -.5¢c per copy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. (when 5 Sundays) Rate by Mail—Payable In Advance. Maryland and Virginia. I Sunday... 1yr.$1000; 1mo. 88 iy Sundar. - 13 i 0n: 1 e Boe 1510 84 All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday.. 15yr.$12.00: 1 m Daiiy only 151 $800: 1m Sunday only .1l 151, 3500 1 m Dally an Daily on! Sunday only . llgg Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Assoc'ated Press # exclusively entitled o .ne use for republication of all news dia Patchies credited to It or not otherwise cred- dted in this paver and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispalches herein are miso Teserved s — == National Unemployment Relief. Forty States and two Terrilories have borrowed from the R. F. C. for reliet over $289.000.000 from July. 1932, through April of this year. Within less than a year the States have borrowed an amount for relief that is more than half of the total amouut provided in the new reliel bill for direct grants to the States. If the States borrowed $289,000.000 for relief in ten months how long will $500.000.000—not to be borrowed, but to be given away—last? And how much more must be added to this initial half billion before the Federal Government can withdraw from the newly-entered field of directly re- lieving “the hardship nd suffering caused by unemployment The question will be answered in part, of course, by the length of the economic depressicn. But the prin- ciple of extending grants o the States —including the District of Columbia— on the basis of local relict expenditures from public funds in the preceding quarter is apparently to last ouly, o October 1, or to the end of the third quarter. The extent to which that principle will be retained then is to be left largely to the discretion of the Fed- | eral relief administrator, whose deci- #lon “as to the purpose of any ex-| penditure shall be final.” Half of the $500.000 000 provided in the relief bill is to be apportioned among the Stales on the one-third basis—one-third of he local expendi- tures in the preceding quarter. But the balance is to be “used ior grants to be made whenever, from an application presented by a S the administrator | finds that the combined moneys which can be made available within the State from all scur supplemented by the | grants already made on the one-third basis, “will fall below the estimated needs” of the S including the Dis- trict. And after October 1 the un-! expended balance of the first $250.- 000.000 is also made availuble for grants of this sort. The maximum limitation on the amount of money that can be given a State is filleen per cent of the total available—$75,000,000. For the first quarter of this year the States borrowed $129.876,527 from the R. F. C. for relief. The Children’s Bu- | Teau of the Department of Labor, which has been gathering statistics relating to relief expenditures estimates that for the month of March R. F. C. loans con- stituted from 75 to 80 per cent of total Telief expenditures from States that | borrowed. If the same estimate is ap- | Plicable to R. F. C. loans for the first | quarter, it would indicate that total Telief expenditures in the States in| that period were in excess of $162.- | ©€00,000. On that basls these States would be entitled to R. F. C. grants | of at least $54.000.000 for the frst quarter. As a matter of fact, it prob- | ably will be shown that Federal grants | for the first quarter will be well in| excess of that figure. Whatever one’s opinion may be of the wisdom or unwisdom of a policy of National relief by direct donation, there are certain features of the Na- tional relief law which are gratifylng | to the District. A First, the District is fully recognized &s equitably classed with the States ‘When the Nation bestows benefits or bounties upon the States, spending National tax money for this purpose. Since the District bears all the burdens that the Nation imposes upon the States in National taxes and in requirements of soldier service in time of war, it is equitably entitled when offsetting ben- efits arc conferred. Since the District contributes more in National taxes than any one of twenty-seven of the States 4t is entitled to share in these disburse- ments of the Nation's tax money. The District has seldom received this equit- able considération. | Second, this donation, even though | extremely small in amount compared with those givén to the States, comes @t a time when it is greatly needed. If the appropriation for relief in the pending apjropriation bill is increased, as the Seaate has recommended that it be increased. and made immediately available, as the Senate has recom- mended, the funds from this source, coupled with those under the National Tellef bill, will go far to offset any im- mediate breakdown in local relief machinery, — Difficuity will be experienced in abol- | spect to his altruistic disinterestedness ishing so-called capitalism so long as some men possess more thrift and Ereater executive ability than others. Promoters of Unre: ‘Washington has witnessed in the past few years several demonstrations of protest and demand, obviously, and in tome cases avowedly, staged by Com- munist organizations, utilizing ‘the suf- ferings of large groups of people to the end of destroying confidence in the | Government. These pernicious pro- moters of unrest have been enterpris- ing and diligent in seizing upon pass- ing questions of moment to sections of the people to stir the spirit of revolt. They participated in the bonus march of last year and are now repeating in the assemblage of veterans who arc i 1mo.. 40c | | assuring the country, as the former Sec- They organized the so-called hunger march of a few months ago. Yester- day they brought to Washington sev- eral thousand men and women n & protest against the further prosecution and the punishment of & group of men accused in a Southern State of an out- rageous crime. ‘The utter futllity of this latest dem- onstration in view of the fact that the Federal Government has no jurisdic- tion whatsoever over the case of these men, and that the President of the United States has no power to pardoi them or effect their release, was evident the conditions. Yet these thousands were brought here to make a spectacle of protest and demand, withcut disturbing the peace, thanks to eficient safeguards, but nevertheless to some extent demoralizing. The right of petition granted by the Constitution has been grossly abused in these repested demonstrations, the purpose of which is entirely plain. Some of those who have come here under ihe leadership of the Com- munist agitators have perhaps been in- necent of knowledge of, the malevolent deslgn of their organizers and sponsors, But yesterday's assemblage was clearly of a radical nature. ‘The marchers chanted the refrain of the internation: organization which secks the overthrow of existing governments. The shibbo- {leths of Communism arose from the ranks of the marchers. The premotion of this series of dis- turbances 1s traceable directty to a group chiefly centered in New York City, which ingeniously and malevolently ‘ preys upen the passions and sufferings 1 and prejudices of a small percentage of | Brown's atlempt at Harper the people to keep burning the torch of political incendiarism, Most of these | promoters of unrest are aliens. Their | his idealism: still cther thousands re- | 1¢¢L #10ft, but almost surely would full records of agitalion and (heir subversive oses are known. . There should be some means to check their activities. They are coutributing nothing to the public welfare and care nothing for it, tecking only the Dbreaking down of | American institutions. They should be suppressed. r———t Perilous Naval Economy. All comment on budget balancing and the necessity for it, if the credit of the United States is 1o be main- tained, must start with recognition of the axiom that you cannot have your caie and eat it, tvo. 1f the budget is o be brought liuto balance, economics in expenditure are inescapable. The qQuestion remains where they should be ! made. They can be made In the right places and in the wrong places. Econ- | omy unwisely effected can easily be- come extravagance, on the well known penny-wise, pound-foolish plan. | The Americen people will wonder, as they learn today of & proposed $53,- 060,000 cut in the next year's naval appropriztions, whether that is sound budgeting, world conditions being what they are. To begin with, $53,000,000 is only something like one and a third per cent of the entire budget. The involved saving, therefore, is not a con- sidergble item, yet the changes and, retrenchments in naval affairs which it will require are of serious magnitude. 1t will result, 1o begin with, in placing one-third of the entire fleet on a so- called rotating plan, under which ‘a ' corresponding number of ships and men would be temporarily taken out of service. No final details for working out the enforced econcmics have been complete- ly approved by the Navy Depaitment, but the tentative suggestions indicate | pluinly encugh the havoc that will be | wrought in our slready under-treaty- | basts fleet. In sight are the retirement ' or furloughing of 750 to 1,000 officers; diminution of enlisted personnel by | 2,000 thicugh cessation of enlistments and release of men with physical im- palrments; retirement of 150 Marine Corps officers; reduction of ,Marine | Corps enlisted strength by 343 men: closing of the Ailantic Coast and Chi- | cago Naval Tralning Stations. and dras- | tic reduction of civil personnel at navy | yards. Cuntemplated reduction of per- | sonnel would bring the Navy down to ubout 5,000 officers and 78.000 men and the Murine Corps to about 875 officers &nd 5000 men. With the General Board repeatedly retary of the Navy. Mr. Adams, recently did, that the ravages of economy are | steadily and dangerously undermining America’s defensive necessities at sea, there should be the most searching scrutiny by Congress as to the wisdom of this latest attempt at cheeseparing. Every well-informed student of the international situation knows that it is fraught with uncertainty and incalcu- lable possibilities. Europe never since 1914 more fully deserved the name of a powder barrel. Asia is in explosion. America has no right amid such con- ditions to play the ostrich. e —s e Herrlot and MacDonald both went home plessed and,-as usual, found a hard-visaged public demanding to know exactly what about it. v John Brown's Birthday. John Brown of Osawatomie, the Hamlet of Harper's Ferry, was born one | hundred and thirty-three years ago to- | day. It certainly would seem that time enough has elapsed for the formulation of an accurate judgment of his curious personalily and tragic career. But in point of fact he still remains the weird and mysterious figure he was when, convicted of treason, he was hanged, December 2, 1859. To some he is & hero and & martyr; to others he is but & murderous fanatic. Only with re- is there any agreement. All parties concede that his motives were unselfish and impersonal. He appears to have thought of himself as “a human sac- rifice.” He deliberately planned to throw his life away for what, in mod- ern jargon, might be called “the pub- licity value” of the action. The end he attained is to a degree unparalleled in American history. He was the archi- tect of his own notoriety, but he built solidly and enduringly. was his restlessness. He simply could not “stay put.” He tried a long list of different occupations, failing in each; | he removed from one place to ancther | not less than ten'times in cnlr twice that many years. Allen Johnson | records: coming to demand the immedjate rdy- T of adjusted compensation and to gsotest the curtailment of allowances. came manifest, he began to take more “I mever tried i I always run.” As his varlous ventures came to to all with the slightest knowledge of | fortunately | | without Testraint. | out Brown's outstanding characteristic ; thotight about the affairs of m.hen" particularly abcut* those who were or who had been in bondage, * * ¢ He was well over fifty years of age hefore the idea of freeing the slaves by force dominated his mind. * * * Now he bagan to have visions cf a servile insurrecticn—the establishment of a stronghold scmewhere in the mountains | Whence fugitive slaves and. their white friends could sally forth and terrorize | slavehclers. In 1858 he joined the Osawatomie colony in Kansas and wes made a! ceptain in the local Militia. He consid- ered himself “an instrument in the hands of God” and “assumed full re- sponsibility” for the massacre of slave- holding neighbers. Apparently it was abcut 1857 that he first developed his| plan to free the slaves of the South! by a rald to begin at the point where touch hands on the upper Potomac. Ha! labored toward that crazy goal with a | concentrated frenzy of zzal.* On the | night of October 16, 1859, the attack| was launched. Of course, it failedy and by a strange whim of fat Robert E.| Lee was sent to restore order, and John | Wilkes Booth accompanied him—io |catch the centagion of Brown's de-! | mentia. Perhaps it was Booth's‘victim who, in | | his address at Cooper Union, February 27, 1860, best anticipated a final ver- | | diet of history. With abundant mer and largs understanding. Lincoln said: | That affals, -i | sponds with | luted n hi:tory, at the | kings and emperors. An - enthuslast Lroods over the oppressicn of & people | till he fancies himself cominissicned by | Heaven 10 liberate them. He veniures !the attempt, which ends in lite el [than his own executipn. Orsini's at- | tewpt on Lowis Napoleon ond John Ferry were |in their philosophy precisely the same, Thous2nds hzner Brown's memory for gre! the deficlencies which made that !idealism a source of danger, strife and bitterness. “The lesson of his career is wheel in even the most philanthropic | mind. v e The McMath child Is safe at home. The terms of the kidnapers have been scrupulously complicd with and the | hard-working police are &t liberty to! undertake the solution of a new mystery | Every law res ing citizen will hope for a succ solution and &id jn 1t if he can. In spite of its light jesting the public Cwes & serious debt to rudio for the few brief minutes that it permils the head of the Nation to spesk dircetly to all the pecple and so transform the coun- try Into & democracy of the original Lype. e Some book club, iuterested in the pathietic ease with which & moron may be persuaded to regard himself as a hero in riotous demonstration might be persuaded to turn back a few pages and make a special study of Dickens' “Bar- naby Rudge. vt In some families shorter work!n]! hours mean & temptation to the head of the family to sit around home, where | he is not particularly wanted during house cleaning. R Stocks have pursued an encouraging course, showing upward tendency with- | imitating the sky rocket, which makes it necessury to louk out for the | | | stick. . ¢ | .—one The name “socialist” is not regarded favorably by leaders of the party that has borne that title. It is one of the comparatively few cases in which long standing and hard-earned publicity is ! not regarded as a \‘l]",\ble asset. | e - = Apparently Japan's interest in the League of Nations is limited to & wish to keep close enough to it to be in- formed as to what it is all about. —e—e - Lindbergh encountered a fog on his| way here and a state of affairs that is| rather thick and misty on His arrival. (SO SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Abstruse Inquiry. They tell us naught is made in valn And maybe this is so. The heat, the cold, the wind, the rain, Each has ils use, we know. But why are whiskers waving light And why are mice and rats? Why do some folks sing late at night And why are funny hats? And why are books nobody reads And why are earthquake shocks, And why are flaunting useless weeds And why are fancy socks? They tell us naught is made in vain, We wonder with a sigh, As we continue to complain Why have we so much “Why"? Depression. gu1?” “I admire her, dimple,” answered | Senator Sorghum. “It's the only kind of depression just now that I can ap- prove of.” Jud Tunkins says every old bachelor ought to accept invitations to dine with young married people. Nothing stops quarreling like a desire to make some one envious of their perfect happiness. New Uniform Desired. Now comes old friend White Collar Man. For aid he also calls ,Anu wishes they'd work out & plan ‘To hand him overalls. Utllising Talent. man who doesnt ¥now how to sald the ocafidential friend, “3nd s men Who is really an artist in bluffing shouldn't limit himself to any- thing so small as & card game.” “Youthful imagination,” said Hi Ho the sage of Chinatown, “is like. the pic- ture on yonder billboard. It gives pleas- ure even though no one can hope that life’'s performance will reveal anything %0 resplendent.” Perseverance. ‘True perseverance is a thing In which great worth abounds. The more some of us try to sing ‘The worse it really sounds. fraid to walk naught and ¢nis inability to eam & uvmcoa for his numerous progeny be- “Don't ax me if T's past s grave yard,” " Uncle Even. | girl “gilr, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia ! ple. “Why do you gage at that pretty |Ph THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL., Every one who uses a typewriter has a few favorite misspellings. One Washingtonian who pounds the kpys every day says he invariably spells group “gropu,” and Spring ‘Apring.” A glance at the machine will show Jjusc why these errors oceur. the case of “girl” the finger touches an adjacent letter “1" instead of the rela- tively distant one, * ‘The misspelling of about similarly—the finger touches the letter “p” after “0,” nearer than “u.” “Apring” instead of “Spring” is sim- “group” comes * X % % It gvill be noted that “finger,” singu- lar, was used above, since the operator | docs not know the tcuch system, under which such errors may not be possible, perhaps. Discussions With many users of ma- chines, however,- tend to reveal that almost every one has some pet mistake, which he or she makes regularly. No doubt the psychology of it helps to bring about the very thing feared, as is 50 often the case in such matters. Every one knows how it is, in typing oul aletter which one desires to be correct in every detail. A rough draft may be rattled off without u single mistake, but just let one put in a formel sheet of paper, and attempt o copy .., the very determina- tion 0 not m ke an error usually re- T sulls i one or more. | LR life, too much determinction” tends to deteat perfection. It may be said, however, and with great justice, that such errors us result are relatively small—and may be read- ily corrected. That is the happy thing. A person who could walk alony # board four ing¢hes wide, placed on the floor, might be able to do it when raiced six Off &t 50 fect jn the eir. One wio would be able without hesitation to walk such a plank for fun, as the saying is, would run a very |that of the necessity for a balance definite risk of falling off before a large audience, especially if he had bet a arge sum of money that he could do it. He would try too hard, as we say. * o x % Happily. the errors usually made are small and fortunately do not count in the long run. It is only the spirit of general criti- cism - which exists everywhere that makes mountains cut of molehills. The ills mlways exist. oven m the of the best; the resulting moun- ing 19 keen ole's eye on. A greal deal of hurm is done along | the puth of progress by the habic of coastant critieism. Now eriticism vestly different from complaint. Lionest complaint. one may feel at times, has never received half, or even cuc-tenth, of the atiention it deserves. Porhaps cne of the most common and unperceived be s of business way be seen in the d look which come ILto many an ey en the per- soi so aifected thinks he is about to reccive & complaint of some kind. e . X To receive complaints, made in the proper spirit by responsible persons, is parc of his job, but he linds it bothe some. He finds it easier to pretend that any one who has a complaint about 2. matter is either a grouch or is suffer- ing from some sort of a “persecution complex” (perhaps he read that one in is Perhaps it is so with everything in | 8 book some place) or else is simply mistaken, There cannot be so. many mistaken people &s all that. Some one else must be right, some- time. The other fellow may be right, at least now and then. Yet many persons instantly brace themselves ~ against any complaint, which they usually call “whining,” or, less elegantly, “bellyaching.” * % x x One may suspect, at times, if one is | perfectly honest, that their extreme re- uctance to listen to an honest com- plaint (“whine,” to them) is that by so dmnk‘ they save themselves from more work. A complaint always requires investi- gation, and researc] K. Invariably this investigation be conducted by the man to whom | the complaint is made, if he is to be assured of results. It ought to be kept in mind by all re- | sponsible persons that the man who makes & complaint is not doing it spon- | taneously. o Usually he has worked himself up to | 1t. as the result of wrongs which he be- | lieves offered, mostly to himself, but | sometimes to others.. It may be set | down as an axiom that not one person out of a million likes to make a com- ‘glmlr‘xt of any sort, or actually wants to % : * K x % | Mostl: | task, which it is to him. lv.“shuulu be accepted in the same | spirit. % | But what is the common practice? Every one knows what it is. The result is that many a nefarious | thing is done and “gotten away with” ‘nlmp y because such perpetrators know that they are well hid behind the re- fusal of some to listen to just com- plaints. When a nation, or an institution, or an individual arrives at the point where d=cend complaints, made honestly and ' aboveboard, are not regarded, then the quicksands have been reached, and the whirlpool is next in order. = x % Criticism, on the other hand, every | one makes, and cvery one is willing to listen to it. There is nothing under the sun that | the average American will not criticize, !and he will always find a receptive au- dience. It is somehow wrong to “bellyache.” but all right to find fault. PFigure it out it you can. Oue would not be too hard, how: ever, on those exzlted mortals who are called to human management. They | bave many problems of which the average man, so-called, knows nothing: they necessarily attempt to look at all metters in a broad way, and are in- clined, as & class, 10 reject minor de- tuils. And every complaint, of course, i just a minor detail, compared with the whole. L Criticism s the complaining you do, | then. . Complaining is criticism from others. It makes a great deal of difference who is on the sending and who cn the receiving end of it, for this determines the spint of the reception, which is everything. The woild might find that complaints, no less than criticisms, were worth while, if men generally would stop to consider the”power and dignity of hon- est intention, whether in regard to the possible correction of a wrong. apparent or real, in life or on & typewriter key- board. High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands L COMERCIO, Lima—The astounding decrease in trade be- tween the grand republic of North America and the other countries of the globe has r flccted the gradual orlentation of for- elgn commerce to the tariff system of that nution. As the United States con- tinued to raise its bulwarks sgainst exotic products, both natural and menu- factured, other lands. thus generally and mutually discriminated against, began o seek in each others' markets what 1they furmerly purchased in the United States. Thus it has become more and more evident that what was firit con- sidered a master stroke of economic pelicy for Yankeeland degenerated flaally into a ridiqulous fiasco. Only the fact that approximately 85 | per cent of North -American industry und agriculture found outlet for their products at home has saved the country from a total debacle. They talk now in_the United States of reducing the tariffs. but such action may cleadly prove too belated, for the new mdjust- ments which have been mude in recipro- cal trade agreements Dbetween her former patrons do not permit of ready cancellation. Just what part the commercial atti- tude of the United States has pl&yed in the present crisis is hot unanimdusly determined. Economic experts hold con- | tradictory optuions, but it can not be disputed that if she had retained even half of her trade with foreign countries !uurhlg this critical epoch, it would rep- resent at least 10 per cent more than statistics show to be her present totul Lusiness, and 10 per cent is always more than a mere mote in the eye. Thus again the superstition that the sapience of the world is conceptrated in North America has been disproved. Whether or not that obdurate and pertinacious people has learned & valua- ble lesson in applied political economy will not be known immediately. It is fer better for an individual or & nation to acknowledge mistakes than to per- sist in them, and especially to attempt their vindication. Yet that has always been the unfortunate tendency in the United States. The propensity and fancy first seize upon some dublous s8e or novelty in thought, fashion or other principle of life conduct, and then the whole social order strives in- furiately to find .sanctions allke for cthical errors and prejudicial complica- tions, whether the phencmena are of public or private concern. In America has been largely forgot- ten the age-old precepts of "Aristotle wherein man is first instructed and ad- monished to seek the good. This moral duty has been perpetuated in all re- ligions since his day, and particularly in the chief doctrines of Christianity. Nowhere has man learned perfectly thl highest obligation, but perhaps it is in the great materialistic republic of the North that he has strayed farthest from ure, generous and altruistic ideals of Eumm character. There, more than anywhere, man for greed exrmlu his fellow man, though paradoxically claim- ing simultaneously to be an exponent of civic and social rectitude, In the present moments there is op- portunity for all to see the dire ex- tremity of a nation that has relin- quished its ideals and-lapsed into the wild theories of a materialistic philos- ophy. * x k% Spanish Architects Score City Housing. La Vanguardia, Barcelona—The Architects’ Association of Catalonia has lodged & vigorous oo:rmnt with the City Council concerning the newly erected “casas baratas,” or cheap apart- ment houses, which were opened about a month ago for more impoverished denizens of the city. According to the representatives of this body, the buildings are both ill- constructed and of inartistic aspect, and clearly planned with no motive but the eccnomy of space. The arrangement of the rooms and the methods of in- gress and egress afford nothing either of safety, privacy or convenience. The committee ironically obscrves that the cheapness promised of these czrtainly exists, but only in the infe- riority of the material and workman- ship used to build them, while on the other hand the rentals charged are high when compared with those asked for better quarters owned and offered Ly private citizens of modest fortune who yet fancy they have the right to improve thelr incoines in leasing their own properties. In many cases. the mssociation avers, the “ayuntamiento” has made nrbitrary the occupation of what are littie more than “caverns.” when contrasted with other houses standing vacant in the tm- miediate neighborhood. The defect with these lust, of course, is that when ten- snted, the monthly payments are not paid entirely into the municipal treas- ury. It is but & normal phase that the city should desire to derive revenue from Property acquired, but these preferences in profit should never transcend the | welfare of our better citizenry, whether | classified as landlords or lenunu\ | x x % x | Hawalian Interest | Rates Denounced. | _ Honolulu Advertiser —Editor the Ad- vertiser: I wish to commend your news- paper upon the active support it has | glven the taxpayers' organization, and gg the ssme time point out one matter liich was brought out last night at the nass meeting and which was certainly echoed by the assembled gathering. It was this: Mr. Harris stated that one way of alleviating the heavy burden upon the home owner would be & re- | duction in interest on mortgages. That | remark certainly stirred the crowd. There must be many hundreds like my- | self who are hit both ways. There we | have the two things that have not come down: : . '{IXH. 2. Interest on mortgages. Now, If the Government can be whipped into line and cut taxes to the degree demanded, how about the banks and trust companies falling into line? Why should they be the only ones to re- celve “most favored nation' trelatment? H. B. W. - Give the Indian a Chance. PFrom the Toledo Blade. John Collier, new . Federal Commissioner, num':m Mum boarding schools and of the Indian sending the Indian children to public schools. If that had been done years #g0 the Indians might now be inde- pendent citizens instead of wards of the Government. After most of their lands had been taken fromr them it was, of course, nec- essary for the Government to take ‘care of the descendants of those who pos- sessed America before Columbus dis- covered it. Later the Indian affdirs bureaucrats advanced one specious rea- son after another why they should re- main in office, firmly attach:d to the pay roll. one ible excuse for continuing to treht the Indians like stepchildren was that they had been given little opportunity and less in- centive to take care of their own busi- ness and adapt themselves to the white man’s customs. ‘The public school is the best possible melting pot. Smart Indian boys and girls will be graduated from it equipped to compete with all their classmates in industry and the professions. Less News, More Crooning. Prom the Indianapolis News. ‘The radio chains are to get no more, permit more time on the air for the crooners, . ———————— Expert, From the Lincoln State Journal. Congress should know what short working hours mean. It has given the problem much laboratory s K o The Open Road. Prom the Toledo Blade. % You don't have to invent a mouse- trap to have a world of house-to-house canvassers beating a path to your door. Floating Up the Gold. Prom u‘x:’ w F With Engl up w rom she Ty G M 1o the guld Siantasa. of any kind is| he has to goad himself to the | Associgted Press news, which ought to THE DARK INVADER: Wartime Reminiscences of a German Naval Intelligence Officer. introduction by New York: The A E W Macmiilan Co. Read.ng Capt. von Rintelen’s book brings up memorles of an old shack of & dwelllg on the cuter edge of a small community less than half a dozen miles from w-shlnfl.on. and of many con- versations with ‘the old, care-worn and poverty-stricken German woman whose only possessions were the tumble-down shack and a drunken husband. She was a native of Memel, had married a Prussian who some years later lost his | life in the war of 1870, and on marry- | Ing again had come with her new hus- | band to America, where he would be | free from military service, and where | he might make s fortune. He got drunk | | and stayed drunk instead, but that 1s another story. While there was never any suggestion of anti-Americanism about her, in the light of later events memory recalls that | she was distinctly German. She could | read but little English, and she could speak only enough of it to make most of her wants known. She thought in Ger- | man, and undoubtedly her life held no| happiness save that of remembering | that part of it which had been lived | in_the Fatherland. | In 1910 she knew that in a few years| nearly the entire world would be en- gaged In the greatest war in history. | She was not a secret agent, and she | | was most definitely not a_fomenter of unrest. She hated war. But she knew it was coming—and approximately when it would come. “I am olt. I vill not see it. vill come,” she would say. i “But what makes you feel so sure about i know." | “How do you know? What will bring it about?” “Germuny. vant France.” “Why should she want France?> And why sheéuld she want more power. Al- ready she is a great empire. She still | has that part of France which she ac- quired in 1870.” “She vill not stop until she conquer Europe, England, even America!” | “Oh, no. Germany would never seek | to conquer England. And America is out of the question.” “You vait und see! I know! Al- ready sphies are at vork, right here.| Dey make trouble mit vorkers. Dey make trouble mit Mexico. Dey join mit Army. Dey join mit Navy. Vy? To know s i | During many of such talks she would tell of the things that would happen when the time came. When asked how Germany could hope to land enough troups on these shores to take posses- sion of the United States, her answers seemed fucredible. There would be strikes on the docks so that ships from the Fatheiland would be able to un- load their scidiers with little interfer- ence. ‘There would be greal uirships drosping deadly bombs from the skies | upon coasi defe There would b. strikes n gun factories and the mu; ns plants, so crippling the United | Siaies that there would be no adeguate | plies to meet the offensive army. “When will all this terrible war take place?” The question was asked during one of the conversations when she seemed particularly wrought up over the stupldity of both England and America in not seeing and understand- }mx the things which were taking piace right in open sight. | “In trec years, maybe. Maybe four." Only a few people knew the cld | woman, for poverly is not conducive to & large social scquaintance. And thoee | few who did know her snd talk with her thought her mind was & bit off. She | was not cragy. of course, but only an | unbalanced mind could conjure up such | | disasters as the pathetic old woman ; foretold. In 1911 the association which had begun in 1910 was ended by her | death. Less than three years after her | remains had been lald beneath the sod | Grand Duke Ferdinand was assassinated at Serajevo. | Capt. von Rintelen was sent to the United States in 1915 as the head of & greal network of German agents busily at work throughout the country in a campaign to hamper the shipments of munitions 1o the allies. He orgunized | secret groups of German sympathizers to place bombs in munition ships, and other secret groups to foment stitkes among the dock workers end in fac- tories. In his book he tells also of | negoliations with ex-President Huerta of Mexico in an endeavor to start a, young war in that direction, thereby | diverting the attention of this country to its own Immediate affairs, and mak- | ing it impossible to furnish furtier aid | to Europe. | But it She vant big power. She ‘The life of a secret agent is one of | thas | constant danger and unhappiness. In | time of war there is great rejoicing when one is trapped in the enemys jcamp and put to death. And always it is an ignominious end, for no matter how great a service the secret agent jhas rendered his country, if he 1s | caught he dies undefended and un- | acknowlelged by those who sent him forth. No honor is accorded him for the heroic work he has done, and no regrets are publicly expressed at his Ppassing. But to read the reminiscences, or the blography, or the autoblography of a secret agent years after the events re- corded have taken place arouses emo- tions quite different. There is, of course, instinctively a revulsion of feel- |ing, not against the man or woman | who has faithfully performed this oner- ous duty, but against the systems of government and the avarice of nations which make such dark work necessary. There can be no defense for the nation which conducted for so many years a spy and secret agent system covering ost the entire world. But for the man who participated in that system, who endured unbelievable hardships, who suffered imprisonment and many indignities, there can only be the deepest sympathy. Capt. von Rintelen does not ask for sympathy, nor for understanding. He has .given a straightforward account of his activities from the afternoon of August 4, 1914, until his' release from the Federal Penitentlary in Atlanta in tory" Itdu tnmm: highly sensational story, and yet there are some episodes that seem too fantastic to be true. It has not been written with a sense of injustice or of rancor, but with a qual- ity of fairness and frankness 3 tinge of humor which should win unanimous approval, Almost every book that has been pub- mhlzg alnha: the ‘gx;ut War {-u lunt called “the greatest argument agal war ever written.” The people who inhabit the earth want no more deadly conflict between nations. - On all sides every possible effort is being brought to bear to insure against another general clash of arms. And yet who knows but what another ambitious nation is today upon the history Were it possible to sif down steps with her nce: m'e‘lwu!tyouw. You haf no beliet ven I tell you, But, now you know-=I vas right!” e B ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. This is a special department.gevoted solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at your disposal the services of an extensive orgenization in Wash- nglon to serve you in any capacity that 1elates to information. This service is free. Failure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you are en- titled. Your obligation is only 3 cents in coln or stamps inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Do not use post cards. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Directcr, Washington, D. C. Q. In estimating the number of un- employed in this country, how many people are believed to have been de- pendeat upon them?—M. P. 8. A. Tt is estimated that the number of unemployed persons today varies from 10 to 12 millions. Probably an average of five persons was dependent ; upon each of these unemployed. | Q. When is Columbus day celebrated? —L. B. A It'is celebrated on October 12 in commemoration of the date upon which Columbus discovered America. Q. Can a brother secure the entrance of his sister Lo this country outside the quota?—L. A. H. A. A brother is not entitled to re- | quest the entry of his sister outside of the legal immigretion quota. Q. What is the horsepower of the largest locomotive?—F. M. D, A. The largest locomotive in opera- tion generates 6,000 horsepower. Q. What is the origin of the motto, “E Pluribus Unum">—E. E. B A. 1t is line 103 of “Moretum,” a Latin | poem attributed to Vergil, Q. Please suggest a toast to the peo- ple who appear in side shows—A. S. A. “Side shows are reserved for life's oddities, life’s misfits. The passing crowd sees only the form that Nature has given: seldom seeks to find the real human being within the caricature. Complacent, smug, satisfied, amused. the crowd passes on oblivious to the humiliation “and the pain. The real lack is in the man or woman who pays | his toll to curiosity. I drink to the whole man, the whole woman within the imperfect frame—to the ‘exhibit’ in the side show!” Q. What is base ball slang for stealing a base?’—F. F. A. In the vernacular, it s called swip- | ing a hassock. Q die?— A. It is referred to as & malignant fever. He died at the age of 52. Q. How much money did the late George Eastman leave to Tuskegee In- stitute?—B. G. B. A. The school benefited to the extent of over two million collars, Q. Of what materials is the soil f what disease did Shakespeare D. D. | formed?—M. L A. Soil is the superficial unconsoli- dated portion of the earth’s crust. com- posed of broken and disintegrated rock mixed with Varying proportions of de- caying orzanic matter. The fertility ot the soil is partly determined by the character of the parent rock. Q. Why was the doubloon so called? H R A. It was a gold coin and was given this name because it originally had double the value of the pistole. It was coined in Spain and Spanish America, and prior to 1848 was worth about $15. Q. Who originated the Hall of Fame?—E. N. A. It was the conception of Dr. Henry Mitchell MacCracken, then chan- j cellor of the New York University, the council of which, on March 5, 1900, ac- cepted a gift of $100,000, afterward in- creased to $250,000, from Mrs. P. J. Shephard (Helen Gotld), for the erec- tion and completion” on University Heights, New York City, of a bullding to be calle® “The H&M Fame for Great Americans Q. How old was Capt. John Smith when he came to this country?— W. T. E. A. At the age of 25, he joined the expedition of & Londen company t> colonize Virginia. Q. Who said, “How many things there are that I do not need?"—W. A. A. It is sttributed to Socrates. He wore but one garment Summer and Winter, and walked barefoot in the snow. Q. Why was Johns Hopkins Uni- versity given its name?—G. D. A. It was named for Johns Hopkins, a Maryland merchent and philanthro- ims“ who bequeathed the money for its {:u;x:qauom The university was opsned 4. | Q. What werc the principal aves- | tions discussed at the International Labor Conference held in Geneva in April, 1932?—P. H. The agenda of the conference contalned four items: Fee-charging | employment agencies; invalidity, old | age, and widows and orphans’ insur- | ance; juvenile employment in non-in- | dustrial occupations, and the revision |of the convention for the safety of | dockers, Q. How old must a person he to be | appointed to the Supreme Court of the | United States>—B. N A. There is no age qualification. The youngest man appointed a mem- ber of this court was William Johnson. He took his seat at the age of thirty= two and gerved for thirty years. Q. What can be done to cottonwood trees to keep them from blooming and shedding?—T. L. N. A. A 2 per cent sulphuric acid so- lution meets the sltuation. Twenty< four hours after spraying the blooms of the cottonwood are wilted and prac- tically killed. The spraying should be | done " between the time that the cat- kins appear and the time that the leaves are unfolding—a period of sbout three weeks. Q. At what time in the Spring does the nightingale arrive in England?— L. s. A. Abcut the middle of April. Q. How did the Bradshaw Mountains of Arizona receive their name?—L. H. B. A. They were named after William D. Bradshaw, one of three brothers, Wil- liam, Ike and Ben, who all went to Arizona in 1863. William first ran & ferry across the Colorado River at Brad- shaws Ferry, discovered the Bradshaw Mine in 1864 and, in 1865 committed suicide at La Paz shortly after his de- feat as a candidate for Delegate to Con= gress in 1864. Q. When was the Officers’ Reserve Corps_ established?—M. N. A. It was established by the national defense act of 1916. These reserves are only subject to duty in time of war. Q. Is Mrs. Pankhurst living?—R. S. A. Mrs. Emmeline Pankhurst died in 1928. She was born in 1859. A militant suffragist, during her various periods in jail she introduced the hunger strike. Q. How many apartment houses are there in Washington, D. C.>—R. R. C. A. There are 1440 occupied apart- ment buildings, with 39,848 individual units. Country Advises Roosevelt Inflation Mu “The very stock market, even, which has naturally been going up on word of inflation, took fresh heart on proof that the inflation is to be kept within the bounds of sanity,” says the Mil- waukee Journal as the farm relief and inflation bill is passed by Congress, and similar views are voiced in all parts of the country. President Roosevelt is advised that only moderate inflation is safe, while it 15 hoped that a higher price level may be beneficial to busi- ness. Defeat of the bonus rider is held to have been a move for safety in con- | nection with the currency. The inflation measure, according to the Chrisiian Science Monitor, “does contain features which are hardly de- fensible from the standpoint of sound | economics. Several features in it show t, in part. it is a political document. Necessary so. If the President wished to gain the uthofl!f' ever, he had naturally to frame his re- quest in such & way that the propo- nents of cne particular remedy would not say him nay. Gravted that the permissive character of the measures does not warrant the vote of & legisla- tor who does not believe in them, at the same time it will persuade the country at large that the President in- tends to pursue a sober and statesman- like course. And in this connection several factors must be kept clearly in view. A condition, not a theory, is facing the country. The President wants to solve it. He can do so if he has the support of the country. Even leadership, as the President would be the first to acknowledge, is easy when faith has been ylelded to it. The United States needs both today.” “President Roosevelt now has the power to regulate the life of every man. woman or child in the United States, declares the Sloux Falls Daily Argus Leader, with the feeling that, “were it not for the widespread popularity of the Executive, such a state would not bz ac- cepted with the calm and assurance that it is today.” In justification of the steps taken, the Spokane Spokes- man-Review states: “Recognition of the need for relief for the debtor classes is substantially unanimous, and inflatio of some kind is regarded as imperative The Chicago Tribune argues: “Infiation 1s not food fer & healthy nation. It is & violent medicine which can be pre- | scribed at this time only because it ap- | Bem to be the one drug which will eep the patient alive. Obviously it will be of no avail if the patient returns to his former habits of life. The medicinc now being administered will work if he mends his ways. If he doesn’t. he's through. The bill providing for the in- flation of the currency is really three bills in one. It creates in addition a tion which is to lend lars and more to the farmers to refinance their mortgages. Besides that, it empowers the Secretary of Agriculture to fix the prices and reg- 1| ulate production of the principal farm crops and to levy taxes upon the con- tion, as was said before, is new. The loans and the price-fixing are not. ;I'h!! differ in degree, but not in kind rom limits permitted in calculated to cost the Amer- in one year more than Mr. rTing 10, the power placed in the ng T hands of Prum:: and Secretary BT, Pt e, e Ppolitical and”economic thought country 1t” and that “it is be used breaking depa: X is by way of essy were we not baing let never dis- was taking on he desires, how- | , fcost station st Be Moderate strange characteristics. The money will function with the same relative value to productivity and consumption as it has been displaying to date. The only dif- ference is that of international adjust- ment and how much more of almost valueless American produce it will pur- chas The questions raised as it appears to the Wall Street Journal, “remain to be answered by the events themselves.” That paper adds: “All we can know now—aside from the fact thet such s program has never been successfully controlled—is that an extensive experi- ment in vigorous credit expansion, coupled with measured currency infla- tion, is more than likely.” “It is most important to the public welfare that inflation shall not be per- mitted to run wild,” says the Oklahoma | City Times. while the Houston Chron- icle feels that the measures “may give a decided lift to all business enterprise.” The Columbia (S. C.) State suggests that “the whole picture of the country is doubtless viewed more completely from the White House than from any other point, and certainly from nowhere is it viewed with deeper concern.” The Lexington Leacer feels that “it is not an easy road to follow, but in the end it is the shortest way out.” The Port Huron Times-Herald advises that “we | are embarking with Franklin D. Roose- | veit on a tremendous experiment.” | ""“1t is incalculably important,” the Baltimore Sun, “to ask and to | what is to be done with the powers conferred under this legislation. The dollar dancing ‘up and down in the | foreign excnange. the dollar that may | mean much or little next month in the vast internal markets—such a dollar is no foundation on which to base any | program for American business that looks beyend today.” “If the potential menace of deliberate lapse into fiat money and breakdown of the public credit were not suffi- ciently reflected in the inflation bill | itself,” argues the New York Times. “they have been indicated in the speeches of the wilder inflationist Congressmen. Assume that the President will use his powers prudently. There is nothing to prevent the angry and disappointed Congressional agitator from pressing for direct enactment of the extreme infla- tionary proposals.” - . Power for England. From the Dayton Daily News. After six years of research and ex- perimentation with working models, engineers report once more on the scheme to harness for power purposes the tides at the mouth of the Severn in England. The idea goes back many generations. Every new government has given it some consideration and repeated investigations of all phases of the project, industrial, technical, navigational and economic, have been made. But England is never in a hurry with a work of such magnitude. Like the oft-proposed but never realised channel tunnel and the problem of ‘Waterloo Bridge, the Severn enterprise may provide many years more of con- troversy before, if "ever, anything is actually done about it. During the equinoxes the waters at the mouth of the Severn rise and fall 47 feet and the Spring tides range from the neap of 22 to 40 feet. If a dam were built to hold back the water after the tide had risen, releasing it then through turbines to generate electric power, moon and sun could indireatly be harressed to British factorfes. It is this | & scheme to tickle the vanity of puny man, and apparently a feasible® one, but the cost would be in the neighbor- hood of 40 million pounds, raising the question of commercial practicality. It is estimated that the electrical unit of power from the Severn station woulc general , and the difference, that -the latter cost ultimately may be still less, is not a sufficlent inducement, for such a prodi- S the projest 1s I in project is likely to be long abzyance, though it is too ,’uclnn‘n Lever completely to be lost sight of,