Evening Star Newspaper, May 17, 1931, Page 55

AVIA TION BY JOSEPH S. EDGERTON. ~time test of modern mili- 5y aviation. Y there was formally organ- ized at d Air Depot, Army airdrome seve Dayton, the 1st Air Division, unde ilots, Brig, Gen, Benjamin'D. Fouion ilots, . Gen. Benjami . . is the first time there ever has been organized under the United States flag lulr division, the largest aviation body lated in the Army tables of organization. By mustering National Guard sguad. Tons from the 19 corps areas and call- ing out the senior students at the Arm Alr Advanced Flying School, Kelly Field, Tex., the War Department has been able to :(«;l;m 4 provmn&nl wings, composed o oups, as the oa_}'_\:onent parts of the gflafiv‘n. e ¢ | Allegh greatest aerial combat force. Special phic missions will be flown bz: new photographic laboratory veloped as & result of past experience in maneuvers of this type. ‘Wednesday afternoon the division will return to Fairfield and its myriad dan- delions, there to spend a night in preparation for an advance in force to the Atlantic Coast, for the climax of the matieuvers, & simulated military opera- tlon in defense of the New York and New land coastline. ‘The flight from Dayton to New York next Thursdey will be a great test for the entire division. All of the hundreds of planes must cross the justly feared ienies, the most difficuit flying country in the United States; the well known “graveyard” of the airmail. Airways to Be Overtaxed. There is no single nkné!ncm the mountains equij 10 handle so mighty a force and so it must be split up, mov- ing by various paths many miles apart, immensely increasing the difficulties of . Sixty-nine observation ;ollnu will make the trip by way of lling Field, 39 of them stopping here for re- fueling at 9:35 a.m. and the other 30 at 11:45 am. Bombardment aviation will move by way of Phillips Field, Aber- deen, Md.; headquarters by way of Pittsburg. Other detachments will ad- | yance by way of Buffalo, Cleveland, alning | Rochester and Middletown, Pa. P to prepare the units for opera- tlmwher on a large scale. This training i8 expected to be of great value to Alr officers of all ranks and could be obtained only through a con- centration of the findmns, such as has taken place at Dayton. Alr Division Organizéd. Yesterday's program called for or- ganimtion of the wings and of the division, with this morning reserved for airdrome discipline for all units. This shape for the formatiom operations to follow. The training period also has been planned to include demonstrations of experimental planes and new equip- ment and inspection of the Materiel ‘The advance to New York is expected to yleld much information of value not only to the War Department in working out its plans for national defense, but also to civil aviation, especially to air- port des'gners and operators. The air- ?urlu which will be called upon to re- e sevetal squadrons or an entife group of combat planes, should find, in the War Départment's estimation, much to pon- | der upont in connection with their plan- | ning for the large-scale ration of the future. The War Department itself | expects to find out a few things about | the necessity for laying down supplies of fuel and emergency equipment for the use of its air forces in cross-country work. ‘The arrival in New York on Thurs- day afternoon will find the division on combat status, its it Field, where the Alr|cal Corps _laboratories are located. Ma- neuvers of the type now being held are the lace of new military planes. From the smaller scale maneuvers of the past two years have come & new type two-seater pursuit {e‘:m unique in Corps i faster and more d observation planes, includ- ing & twin-engined “fiying wing” re- S8 Wrignt” Pieia; destgns. 1 test ; or new lanes, pursult hnlil:r‘t' great o et ALt e s the maeurers alts, Bovs becs evolved new tactical methods for em- :3:.-“ of the various types of air- var Branches of the miltaty service of ths part aviation must play in ell future Seek Cross-Country Data. On Tuesday afternoon the division will undertake its first -country mission as & whole when it will move rob- ll'l"m&m e craft among the various countries and | énds that all governments re- | New England, some of the squadrons moving well up into Maine, before the great final demonstration over the Na- tional Capital on the afternoon of Me- morial day. Aviation Policies Adopled. Encouragement in évery passible mas ner of the development of internatio air transport, in both scheduled and unscheduled service, has been incorpo- rated in the poiicies of the International Chamber of Commerce as a result of here. of its recent meeting . wu will be c.h; pouc; of the e)n‘zn:;f oppose any form of legislation tend- ing to hinder aviation development un- necessarily and to support only such um: as will stimulate sound de- ent. ing that air transport com- panies engaged in international opera- tion at times are obliged to use foreign aifcraft and that this becomes impos- sible if the laws of the various coun- tries reserve air transport within their territories to national aircraft, instead of reserving it to national air transport concerns, the ber will recommend that governments which restrict trans- port within their territories to na- tionals make the reservation apply to companies and not to aircraft used It i8 the belief of officiald of the chamber that international air taxi traffic is destined to play an important part in the future. out that the question of whether commercial air taxi service across international bound- aries requires special authorization in the ‘oountry of destination has not yet been decided, the chamber recommen that nvmménu r:rnln rn::n h:nuh- lishing regulations of a kind mper or tender impossible international air- taxi traffie. Oppose Trade Restrictions. ‘The chamber is opposed to estab- of legal restrictions aj and importation vel air- Tecommi frain from the registration of aifcraft dependent upon the nationality of the owner. ‘The calling of an international con- Transatlantic flyer — first autogiro aviatrix AT S ARRDBRN T, LT RN N 8o great has been the progress of air- eooling in the past few years, and so superior is its performance, that auto- mobile authorities are asking,“Is water- eooling in motor cars doomed?” The autogiro—latest development of aviation—employs air-cooling. Amelia Earhart, who holds important speed records for women and who hasrecently purchased an autogiro, has also pur- chased an air-cooled Franklin. She says, *“The smooth, glider-like action of my Franklin in flight ismost pleasant. Even yet ing. You are new low level of prices, beginning at $2295 at the factory, the fine quality and the new, more convenient terms, it is easier to many lesser quality cars. FRANKLIN THE AIRPLANE-TYPE CAR DISTRIBUTORS FRANKLIN MOTOR CARS CALLAN MOTORS INCORPORATED SALES AND SERVICE 1529 M St. N.W. within & period of a few minutes | inst | Q= 7\ AMELIA EARHART finds new thrills in her smart new air-cooled FRANKLIN after a long drive I feel no fatigue. It handles beautifully and surely. The zooming response of the air-cooled air- plane-type engine is always thrilling.” ‘What Miss Earhart describes in her car is the airplane feel of all Franklin cars. This modern and thrilling motoring is a direct result of air-cooling engineer- our special spring display of smart De Luxe Franklin models—then to drive the car. Remember, with Franklin's ACING bitter cold, Washington bade farewell to Fort Le Boeuf. On December 16 he set out with his aides in birch bark canoes to return to their horses at Venango, where they arrived shortly, encased in ice. Remounting, they were soon forced by deep snow to proceed on foot. Once they lodt their way and an Indian, pressed into service as guide, fired on Washington. For this the Indian was seized; disarmed and sent on his way [0 By James W. Brooks " Historieally Correct Sketches = HEN the treacherous Indian had disappeared, Wash- ington pressed on in great fatigue through heavy snow and across ice-filled streams. At one place he fell from a hadtily improvised raft, but was quickly rescued by hi companion, Gift. At anotlier - now the site of Pittsburgh’s airport - he won the favor of Aliquippa, an Indian queen, by presenting her with a jug of rum. He reached Williamsburg on;hnulry 16, 1754 with ““no more appetite for adventure.” By CALVIN FADER ference to consider amendments to the international airmail regulations which are regarded as necessary in the light | of experience since adoption of the reg- | ulations now in force two years ago will be urged py the chamber. | ‘The time is not yet ripe for an inter- national regulation of special interna- tional air exhibitions and fairs, in the |oplnl0n of officials of the chamber, who‘ believe that such regulation should be | postponed until it is found to be neces- | sary by the manufacturers concerned |and sought by them. It has heen found that existing cus- | toms regulations, espeeially those gov- | erning_airports, present drawbacks f | commercial ar traffic, and the chamber | asks that customs administrations eon. | sider the possibility of ereating at | toms airports bonded warehouses as a | means of faciiitating customs operations. Air “Block Lights” Tried. A week's trial of an airline “block | lighting” signal system somewhat simi- |1ar to those used on railroads has con- | vinced officials of the Ludington Line, | operating hourly service between the | Natlonal Capital and New York, that a valuable new safety device has been found. Block lights now are installed at five ints between two terminals and ater will be located every 20 miles along the line to control the movement of the planes, which now are making a total of 30 regular flights dally, 15 each way. ‘The lights red, inclosed in of 1,000 feet or more. . Two “guns,” pointing along the airway in each direc- Wilmington, Philadelphia and Trenton. | Henry J. Brown, veteran mail pilot and assistant operations manager of the line, controls all the lights from a mae- ter switch at Washington-Hoover Afr- port. A red light at any of the block signal stations is an order for the pilot to land. If there is no light he goes on. Landings can be made on order for Ppassengers or the planes can be ground- ed at any one of the five intermediate stops to prevent their running into storms ahead. Signals previously have | been made by flags, which have proved unsatisfactory. In many cases north and south bound planes have seen the flags and landed, though the signal was intended for only one of them. This cannot happen with the lights, it was explained. The lights were planned b; Harris, maintenance chief of. as a result of the success of Luke | liney mewhat similar air traffic lights at the local terminal fleld. | ‘Though the lights now are located at | only five intermediate points, it is pian- | ned to locate them at intervals of miles along the line, “Electric Eye” Plerces Fog. Airport or airway beacons ¢an be lo- | cated through fogs too dense for the | human eye to pierce by an “electric n- 20 ds | eye” or photoelectric tube which has been developed for airplane use. The | apparatus works either by day or night. ‘The tupe measures comparative light intensities from ite sides of the plane in which it is mounted, though the difference or even the & light may be imperceptible to the eye, owing to the dispersion of the light rays by the fog. Not only will the tube reveal whether the light is to the right or left or di- rectly on the line of flight, but will snnlw whet.b';’; gt&ehphne is a or leaving t. To prevent the ‘‘eye” from respond- tion, are JocAted at each of the five in- | termediate stops on the line—Baltimore, | of | 1 . . . air<ooling in auto- mobiles is proving supe- rior to complicated liquid methods with power plants.” —Amelia Earhart particularly invited to see own a Franklin now than .North 2604 ing to all light sources, it is * pick up only light pulsatin, of 1,000 times & second. light may be by use of 1,000-cycle pulsating with a hot-cathode neon tube as the source of lght. An Early Bird. Probably working on the theory that|plane, the early Henderson gets the National Air Races, Clifford W. Henderson, man- aging director of the national sviation classic for the past three years and for several more years to come, already has issued an elaborate schedule of events, in which American pilots will compete for prizes totaling $100,000 coming races in Cleveland, August 29 to September 7. ‘The schedule lists 39 events and indi- cates that the coming races will be among the most colorful’ of the long serfes of these affairs, which have grown t': o standing of international impor- ince. Outstanding among the alr races will th Tr Tace, over & be the Thompson Trophy 100-mfle course, for $15,000 in prizes and the Thompson y, which in one year has come to as the major American landplane speed sward. The race will be open to sny type of air- equi] with any type of éngine Superchargers, special fuels | make pllots will compete for the first time. A total of $22,000 in prizes promises to competition exceedingly keen. Altitnde Chamber Needed. The Bureau of Standards needs a new altitude laboratory for the accurate tésting of large air-cooled aircraft en- The new it , would dif- Tias been in Operation 14 years; chiefy en in operation 14 years, chiefly in having provision within the evacu- ated engine chamber for the circula- s | tion of the low-density air at the high velocity required for engine cooling. ‘The Navy already has made tests of air-cooled engines under approximate | altitude conditions by controlling the | pressure of the air supplied to the car- buretor and connecting a suction line to the engine exhaust manifold. The 'nt Bureau of Standards al- of fluid-cooled aviation engine iance under conditions of low tempera- ture and rarefled air found at high alti- |ludes. The chamber is a reinforced con- crete box capable of withstanding ex- | ternal pressure of a ton per square foot. | Powerful vacuum_pumps evacuate the | atr from the chamber and take away the exhaust _gases: A shaft carried through the wall con- nects the engine with a dynamometer -for controlling the load and measuring power devel . Connections also are the walls fos pplying itities of alr, fuel, oil and engine, for adjusting throt- metered water to prese: titude chamber permits a determination | perform- | tle nd spark and for mi tem- peratures and pressures in and about | the eD’l.ne. All opera are | controlled and measurements made | without entering the chamber during | progress of the test. PECUGAT SRS End of an Ancient Trade Fair. The great industrial fair that has been | held annually at Nizhn{ Novgorod, in ' Russia, has been abandoned by the 8o~ | viet administration. This fair has been | & national institution for many genera- | tions and was regularly visited by mer- |chants and traders from all parts of the world. It was particularly valuable in the trade between Russia and the Bast, but, it is sald, other means are being followed to take care of this busi- ness. The same enactment also dis- | continured the public markets which had | sprung up since the revolution. THE LOG INN 1S OPEN Phe storm in its anoer, The sea in its caim, The piory of eunset. mystery of dawn Are vours to enfoy n P S 0F'the 167 and ‘the ‘tree. Motor Toute: Defense Highway ‘Anngpolis over Severn River ridse, Foliow Sigs. via Ridee Summit, Pemns. icken Dinner, $1.25 Accommodations for Week End Pa Phonie_Bliia_Ridge Summit 1 The Pigeon House Defense High: at Priest Bridge. Real old Southern Maryisnd Cooking. Chicken and Squab Dinners Refreshments 1838-F-11 THE PATTY KITCH- Masonic Temple 7001 Old Geergetown Resd, Bethesds, Md. Ellen H. Tmirfe “Best Place to Eat” ady QOaks Inn Parole, Md. Chicken Dinners » Specialty Reasonable Prices—Roor t {[| CASTLEMAN or L INN roric,” scenically Besumater fomet i ic: piring, romantfc. Canoeing, fishing, swim- ming. Rooms, $1; Southern Meals, $1 Weekiy, 315, 318. Booklet. MAURICE P. CASTLEMAN, Berryville, v NorMANDY FArM i, T Luncheon, Tea, Dinner Sunday Breakfast Phone Rockville 352 PR R L and savory meats served in an edm phere ehsrmingly Prench Provineisl. ; Decorations by Genevieve Hendricks, ne. Toll House Tavern Lesville Pike, e Meryiand. more of the may Dine in & d'for quaintness and & Atternoon Tens Luncheons Dinners Sundsy Morning Breakfast : 9 to' Noon Auto Route 27, or Four Corners Bus Phone s ol or Here you unmatche o1 Brooke Manor Originally Built 1728, Rebuilt 1773 the 014 Pre-Revolatl On® Y antations of Marsisnd " LUNCHEON — TEA — DINNER | Regular Dinners, $1, $1.50 Table d'Hote a la Carte on Route .!"l.ly Way Noon to Ashton 1 " Alexandria, Gateway to Historic Virginia THE GEORGE MASON HOTEL Sunday—12 to 8 P.M. Steak Dinner Stuined Solacs D e wmerals G Srrvipead” (o Sate route numbers. Namersls In correspond 4 g - pr— CHARLOTTESVILLE at A (1> . mileage between MARYLAND Lantern Tun, Ann: Catonsv 240, Route 21. -River Road-R., at 28, Priest Bridst E _INN, IIN'ICAy land ’Jl“ Chic] Spectally Cured Gountry Dil i R O e Week End Guests. Boating, ing. Tele) e_Galthersburg The Crocker House In Alexandria reakfast Corner Fairfax and h Wolfe Sts. Follow the signs te the B e s e Warrenton : : Vir 4 Miles from Washington Over Lee Highway h)‘g:'h !J’IH Battlefield & Pohick Indian Springs $1.00—51.50—32.00 Week End Guests—Parties MRS. M. E. BROWN. Formerly of Tarr; Phones, LORTON $-E Route B0, mluND—-Co;l.filuM Bivorside Tnn. Sences, Beute 240 hady Osks Int Routes 50 or & The 3 e, TR P AATILE, Betitada. I YLVANIA Summit Villa, Blue Ridge Summit, Routes 240-15-16. Alexandria, BLACK LANTERN INN One Mile Wesf of Fairfax, Va. Fork of Routes 50 and 211 Luncheon, Tes, Dinner Also A La Carte Service 15 Miles From rara Washington THE LITTLE TEA HOUSE 1% Miles South of Highway GRAY'S. HILL INN Formerty e part of m[:):_.. P H}I‘..nmll Mi—~Ph. l‘fl -F On Olney Farm OLNEY, MARYLAND No Branches Elsewhere Luncheon : Tea : Dinner Mi. North of Washington. e U R NOON TO PM. Direetion of Mr, and Mrs. Downey VIRG! Black Logtors Inn. Fabfex, or INIA Route 311 Route 1. COLLEGE INN Oppesite Western Maryland College Westminster, Maryland. Phone $41-W SPECIAL CHICKEN AND STEAK DINNERS, $1.00 | ” "AMONG THE MOUNTAINS" -Harpers Ferry, W. Va. Southern Cooking Modern Rooms “THE BLUE LANTERN { ANNAPOLIS, MD. Special Sunday Dinner Supper on Sunday Nights On Richmond Highway Between Alexandria and Mt. Vernon Nine Miles from the White House | P e T AN s P | Special Sunday Dinner, $1.50 ¢ Club Breakfasts, 35¢ to 75¢ Drive out fo BEAUTHFUL SINGING PINES TEA HOUSE for an g‘ Virginis Ham or cken Dinner Fairfax C louse, Va. Five Oaks Lodge and Tea House On Froderick Read in Catoneville, 2 Miles East of Ellicott City -