Evening Star Newspaper, April 30, 1931, Page 2

'HURSDAY, APRIL %0, r VING A—Z ¥ ' |PRECEDENT IS SET AT DINNER TAX SI'“H H'AN FOR KING AT WHITE HOUSE _ SE[N AS MENAGE Greeting Royal Visitors in Red Room, President Walks With Monarch and Mrs. Hoover With Queen to Join Guests. The most important feature of the and Mrs. George H. Moses, Senator and vistt of the King and Queen to this|Mrs. Willlam E. Borah, Senator and country, socially and internationally |Mrs. Claude A. Swanson, Representa- speaking, was the dinner at the White |tive and Mrs. Henry W. Temple, Rep- House last night, with the President and | resentative and Mrs. J. Charles Lin-| STAR, 'WASHINGTON, D. AD NEN DENOUNG ABLSE OF RADID Lengthy Commercial An- nouncements Kill Effective- ness, Fayant Says. s IBRANCH BANKING Siamese Ruler Receives Honorary Degree LL. D. 1S CONFERREP ON KING PRAJADHIPOK BY GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY. UNDER V.. URGED Pole Tells C. of C. Plan l Would Decrease Difficul- ties of Depositors. National Grange Proposal Has Increased Levies in [/ Germany in Ten Years. Abuse of radio programs by lengthy | __(Continued From First Page) commercial announcements was de- > This 19 the fourth of a series of articles on the trend toward pater- naMsm in the Federal Government. BY ASHMUN BROWN. In yesterday's article in this series the new development in the system of | Federal subsidies to States was ex- plained. This development is one fos- tered largely by somie of the elements ‘which oppose an extension of the Fed- erdl authority into the States, but de- sire nevertheless to get Federal money for_State purposes. Their idea is to convert the Federal machinery into a tax-gathering agency, the resulting revenue to be distributed among the States to be expended by those States without direction, con- trol or co-operative management from Washington. Thus, they argue, the evils of Federal paternalism would be avoided. To those who have opposed subsidies to the State, always heretofore accom- panied by an extension of the Federal authority, this new suggestion is dis- concerting. The only comfort they find in the situation is, first, that the National Grange, Semator Black of Georgia and others advocating the plan are very much in a minority, and. sec- ond, that the States, in their eager- ness to get Federal money, will con- tinue, for a time at least, to accept a measure of Federal control. ‘This leaves the cpponents of Federal bureaucracy in possession of their main argument that the rights of the States are being invaded. Still, the new suf gestion, as indicating an ultimate pos- sible shift in the application of taxes, 18 of profound significance. The fact remains that. whether the Federal authority continues to pursue the Pederal dollar into the States or is divorced from that doliar as soon as the appropriation is made, demands on the Treasury at Washington for funds to help the States are growing and will continue to grow rapidly. Coming at a time when demands for literally billions of dollars of Federal money for and doles are pressing forward, they spell inevitable and huge advances in Federal taxation. Foree of Appeal. The argument advanced by the Na- tional Grange in behalf of a redis- tribution of national revenue among the States for State purposes is bound o have an appeal to the Senators and Representatives from the thirty-odd States that pay in the egate less than half of the Federal revenues. Resolutions adopted by the National Grange indicate the force of that ap- peal, which is applicable to both prop- ositions: ‘The one to have the Federal authority go with the Federal grant and the one to have the Pederal au- thority extinguished. The Grange said in its resolutions: “Whereas the fast-increast tration of business is resulti in & concentration of wealth in a few fa- vored centers and is frequently increas- ing the tax burden in the outlying dis- of the Nation from which this wealth is drawn, and “Whereas this wealth can be equitably only through Federal taxation, “Resolved, That we favor distribution of a portion of the proceeds of the Federal income and estate taxes among the States on the basis of school re- quirements or some other similarly. equitable basis.” el a7 eppear . 'the *United may sppear Emm it 1s by no means new in the ‘world. On ml of the 1931 edition of the World nac one reads: “In 1920 the German states surren- dered to the Berlin central government the right to control direct taxes, hitherto held jealously by the several states. In- ereases of the direct tax rates followed, income taxes rising 50 per cent.” ‘When the Dawes committee of experts got to work trying to bring order out of chaos in the German financial situ- ation, it reported that this method of havi the centra! government act as a agency for the several *states and communes was “a constant drain upon federal resources”—“a hole in the budget”—that “‘must be plugged.” It held that coneen- “in flush times the states Teceive more than they need and are tempted Into new expenditures; in bad ! times they are under pressure to press the Reich for further aid.” Gilbert Condemned System. In each of his semi-annual reports, 8. Parker Gilbert, the American who acted as agent general for reparations, condemned the whole system as waste- | ful and harmful. He has spoken of it as “the most bothersome problem af- fecting the structure of the German et. “For the taxpayer,” he remarked in his report of November 30, 1926, “the Tesults must be entirely disagreeable, and it would seem that, from his point of view at least, it would be far better to have a system which would clearly define the responsibility for levying the taxes and place it squarely on the gov- erning body responsible in the first in- stance for the expenditure.” In his report of June 10, 1927, Mr. Gilbert, in an extended condemnation of the system, said “It is on the whole a sound principle of taxation that taxes should be levied by the same governmental authority that makes the expenditures. Under the system in force in Germany, how- ever, the states and communes have the function of spending a large share of the taxes that the Reich has the re- #ponsibility of collecting. This in itself tends to relieve the states and com- munes from the pressure for economy in expenditures that would certainly exist if theirs was the responsibility to levy the taxes necessary to meet their own responsibility.” In his report of May 21, 1930, Mr. Gilbert referred to the plan of centrail- ized collection and decentralized dis bursement as “the underlying fault” of German finances. “The government of the Reich.” he saia, “collects the taxes, but does not fes. the full responsibility for them. sidce it must pass on a large share of the proceeds Lo the states and com- munes, and it now proposes for the most part to exclude the transfers to the states and communes from its mdget—as if to emphasize its own Jack of responsibility for them “States and communes on their spend the money without having of the responsibility of odium of col- lecting it, and they have fallen into the habit of expecting the Reich to provide more and more money for them to meet the recurring budgetary deficits.” side any Results of System. The sum of it all is that excessive taxation, resulting from this method sgainst which Mr. Gilbert rails, is far more responsible for unemployment in Germany and for difficulties in meeting reparation payments than any other one cause That method is not peculiar to Ger- many. Albert W. Atwood, economist, writing on the extension of the Fed- eral subsidy system in the United States in a recent magazine article, called attention to the fact that “there s much complaint in both Prance and Germany that these countries are far too highly centralized.” He added: “Certainly initiative in the Englith cities has been dulled by the immense financial grants and corresponding control from the government in Lon- don. ‘This situation is unknown to most Americans and can be referred to but briefly. Owing to the lack of tax resources, which, in turn, is due to the peculiar land system, British cities have increasingly sought and ob- grants in aid from the central @overnment. As a result they, have | Mrs. Hoover as hosts. The formality attending the event preceding the din- ner was a reversal of all such cere- monies taking place in the mansion and will become a precedent for future events of the kind. | The President and Mrs. Hoover met thelr majesties in the red room, the | President and the King and Mrs. | Hoover and the Queen walking together |along the red corridor to the east iroom where, following the usual cus- tom, the President and Mrs. Hoover made the round of the room presenting their guests of his majesty Kirng Pra- fadhipok, and Queen Rambai Barni. The King and Queen adopted the | American custom of handshaking. The King wore the regulation evening dress, with his decorations giving it a mark of distinction, while the Queen was truly regal in her gown of gold brocade fashioned simply to it her figure. At- tached to the sumptuous gown were the necklace of emeralds and the jeweled comb in her sle¢k black hair, the gems being of unusual size and brilliancy. Mrs. Hoover Wears No Jewels. old ivory corded silk, the skirt with some fullness and the train short. She wore no jewels, some rare old lace be- ing the “only embellishment on the bodice. The entrance of the hosts and the royal visitors into the east room was changed as they walked through the drawing room suite to the state dining room, the President escorting the Queen. while his majesty walked with Mrs. Hoover. All four were ranged on one side of the table, in place of the usual arrange- ment having Mrs. Hoover sitting di- rectly across from the President. Queen Rambai Barni sat on the President's left, Mrs. Hoover on the President's right and the King at the right of Mrs. Hoover. List of Guests at Dinner. The guests at table were his majesty the King of Siam and her majesty the Queen, the Vice President, Mr. and Mrs. Edward E. Gann, their royal highnesses Prince and Princes Svasti, the Chief Justice and Mrs. Hughes, the Secretary of State and Mrs. Stimson, the Secretary of the Treasury, Mrs. Patrick J. Hufley. the Attorney Gen- eral and Mrs. Mitchell, the Postmaster General, the Secretary of the Navy and Mrs. Adams, the Secretary of Agri- culture and Mrs. Hyde, the Secretary of Labor and Mrs. Doak, his excellency Gen. Chao-Phya Bijayandra, Mom- Chao Vipulya ~Svastikula. Rear Ad- miral Mom-Chao and Mme. Thavara Chayant, Phra Noraraj, Maj. Mom- Mrs. Hoover wore a stately gown of | Chao Prasobsri Chirapravati, Senator | chairs of a former administration. thicum, the Undersecretary of State {and Mrs. Willlam R. Castle, jr.; Mrs. | Henry P. Fletcher, Rear Admiral Henry | V. Butler, Maj. Gen. Albert J. Bowley, |Mr. David E. Kaufman, Mr. and Mrs. | Richard Southgate, Mr. Stanley K. Hornbeck. Mr. and Mrs. Raymond B. ]Stc\'ens Lieut. Col. Charles H. Patter- |son, Mrs. Herbert Hoover, jr.. Capt. |and Mrs. Charles Russell Train and | Col. Campbell B. Hodges. | ~The long table at which this unusual | ceremony took place had about it the | airy_atmosphere of Spring. The gold | service which has graced state din- | ners with only slight interruption since |the davs of Dolly Madison, was aug- mented by quantities of pink tulips, | roses,” bridal wreath and other white and pink Spring flowers. The tall goid | stands bore California fruits, rich in coloring, the great clusters of grapes | hanging over the brims and nearly reaching the linen cloth on the table. | An unusual touch quite personal to the | Pirst Lady of the Land was the long | lace piece upon which the gold plateau | of ‘the service rested. Guests Wear Rich Gowns. | Mrs. Hoover's custom of serving only | American food to visitors from abroad | was followed. Included in the elaborate | menu was a rare species of fish, cold | lobster, cunningly devised baskets of | beets, stacked with cucumbers, smoth- | ered ‘chicken breast, endive in Spring salad, fruits, ices and candy. Adding greatly to the brilliancy of {this scene were the rich gowns worn | by the woman guests, Princess Svasti | being in a black gown of gauze-like | material, and Mrs Stimson a modish evening gown of fvory color taffetas, | while Mrs. Hurley was in & gown of pale cream color velv Mrs. Gann, officiel hostess for her brother. the Vice President, was in a | gown of silver lace with lines of jade | green showing through it, and she wore |a necklace and earrings of jade. Mrs. | Hughes, wife of the Chief Justice. wore | flowered taffeta. Mrs. William Borah, | whose husband is chairman of the | Foreign Relations Committee of the | Senate, wore white chiffon, and Mrs. | Claude A. Swanson, whose husband, | Senator Swanson, is on the same com- mittee, wore pale blue taffeta. Additional guests came in for the musicale, Miss Dilling. who had previ- |ously played at the White House. giv- |ing a short program. A more elaborate musicale would have been given but |for the fact that the President and | Mrs. Hoover joined in the wish to save the King of all possible strain on ac- | count of his physical condition. For_ this progam, the President and Mrs, Hoover and their majesties sat in the front line, upon rich upholstered A1 DIE AS BLAZING TRAIN SPEEDS ON Engineer of Egyptian Ex- press Unaware of Tragedy. Passengers in Panic. By the Associated Press. CAIRO, Egypt, Aprfl 30 —Forty-one persons were eounted dead today, with scores injured, because a hot box set train afire. As the Cairo-Alexandria Express rolled along yesterdhy afternoon, laden with & holiday crowd of pleasure seek- ers, & hot box developed on one of the third-class coaches and set the coach afire, The train’s motion pulled the flames down the length of the coach and then oms by one into the trailing coaches Passengers were panic-stricken. Some jump from the speeding train, lost their lives as they hurled themselves from coach windows to the right of way. Frantic efforts were made to signal the engineer, who speeded up his train, unaware of the tragedy being enacted flagged him down, did he know what had happened He stopped the train and the flames devoured the remainder of the three cheap coaches, charring the bodies of those inside beyond recognition and leaving only the undercarriages uncon- sumed possible accurately to estimate the casualties until a thorough search had been made along the right of way for in their jumps from the coaches that they had be unable sistance. ‘The engineer was arrested pending an official inquiry at Benha. It was the worst train accident of Egyptian his- tory. | BLIZZARD HERO TAKEN AROUND FESTIVE BOARD Peggy Ann and Herbert Hoover, 3d, More Interested in Confec- tions Than Seating of Guests. Early arrivals for the State dinner at the White House last night gave the event a strong domestic atmcsphere. Bryan Untiedt, hero of the Colorado blizzard, was escorted all round the fes- tive board by Mrs. Stark McMullin, also a White House gueit. He stood awe struck with the wonderful picture. Other members of the President’s househoid had in charge the President’s grandchildren. lithescme Peggy Ann and Herbert Hoover, 3d. who were far more interested in the flowers and the confections on the banquet board than where the royal guests were to be seated. They fairly hugged their es- corts as they walked about and asked questions. Baby Joan was not in evi- dence and Peggy ‘Ann had to be lifted p to get the full effect cf the tablie. shown nothing like the local interest and initiative which characterizes the residents of our cities. Something like half of their expenses are met from London. One result, as compared with cities in this country, is the backward- ness of their educational systems.’ Yet this sort of system is seriously proposed for establishment in the United States. Indeed, it already has been established in part, since the Fed- eral Government now grants subsidies 10 the States in the sum of $200,000,000 a vear, retaining a measure of control over the expenditures. ‘Whatever horn of the dilemma is ac- cepted by Congress ultimately, whether it increases the subsidies under the present plan of co-ordinate control over expenditures, or whether it merely increases subsidies and withdraws con- trol, the Federal taxpayer is in the way of being mulcted. (Copyright, 1931, by the North Newspaper Alliance.) American burned to death. Others, preferring to behind him. Not until he passed Benha, | where a signalman saw the flames and | Railway officials said it would be im- | other bodies or persons so badly injured | to seek as- | BOY HERO WATCHES HOOVER “CABINET” PLAY VOLLEY BALL| (Cortinued From First Page.) pedition with Mrs. Stark McMullin, & house guest at the White House, which |is expected to take in Mount Vernon, Arlington, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Fort Myer and the Smith- sonian Institution before the day is| | over. ‘With the exception of the boy's thrills earlier in the day, he is spending today Just about in the same fashion as any | other boy visiting the National Capital for the first time, with the exception |that thiz pariculsr boy is riding from |place to place in a large limousine bearing a United States shield on its | |#ide and driven by a chauffeur in the | familiar lvery of the White House. It is not known just how long Bryan | will remain as a White House guest. He | came with the intention of staying only A “couple” of days, but it was indicated |today he might remain longer. | Mr. Hoover wants ‘Bryan to “see| everything.” This makes it difficult to {£peculate as to the probable length of | | the boy's visit. Sleeps in Blue Room. | Bryan arose early today after a happy | sleep in the Blue Room with its private bath and closet as large as the average | modern room. He was up at 6 o'clock— more ihan half an hour ahead of his host. When the boy began to stir about the big still house and saw that no one else except a few policemen were on han he went to the kennels to renew his ac- quaintance with the White House dogs. | He was especiall Interested in the young | elk hound, sent to the President from Norway several months ago. Bryan was engaged with the dogs when the President znd his medicine ball companicns began to arrive in the vard for their customary morning work- out. Writes Letter to Mother. The boy returned last night. after the | most memorable day of his life, shortly after 10 o'clock, but before he crawled upon that huge bed in his room, he sat | down at a large colontal desk and wrote 2 long letter to his mother back home in Towner, Colo A short time before retiring he had seen the King and Queen of Siam and the other distinguished and bemedaled | guests arriving for the state banquet at |the White House in honor of their | Siamese majesties. He had stood in a| doorway and heard Mildred Dilling, a | noted harpist, give a recital in the east room for the President and Mrs. Hoo- ver and their guests. Probably the greatest treat of all | was the Jong talk the boy had with | Mr. Hoover yesterday afternoon, with no one else present Chat in Lincoln Study. For more than three-quarters of an hour the President sat and listened | with genuine interest to this school- | {boy hero. They sat in the Lincoln study, on the second floor of the White | House. ~Before the boy started talking | the President acquainted him with the history of the room and showed him the pieces of furniture and other ob- jects which were used by the great Lincoln. The two had gone to this room at the President’s request, so he | could hear his young guest's version of the school bus tragedy, in which Bryan's heroism 50 greatly attracted | the President. Their chairs were drawn close. Mr. Hoover sat far back in a big easy chair smoking quietly as the boy, with no signs of nervousness or self-conscious- ness, narrated the terrible experience | during that Colorado blizzard, when five of his schoolmates, one of them his_brother, lost their lives. Others | | probably would have perished but for | his own heroic actions Brvan has become a warm friend of the Hoover grandchildren. 1In their | eves he is a great hero and they has manifested eagern pany whenever po o ask him about the Western country and about his life in Colorado. He told them to wait while he wcnt to his room to get something that would interest them. He returned with a mouth organ and to the childrens’ foy he played sev- | eral tunes, including “Turkey in the | Straw” and “The Lone Cowboy.' He has not vet given a mouth organ con- cert for the President and Mrs. floover. On & sight-seeing trip rcxtemly. ac- | companied by Mrs. McMullin and Capt. Joel T. Boone, White House physician, | Bryan went fo the Washington Navy | Yard, where, for the first time in his |life, he saw a naval vessel. He was shown through the gun factory and other places &t the yard. i | ncunced at the fourteenth annual con- vention of the American Association of Advertising Agencies, which opened a two-day session at the Mayflower Hotel today with a secret discussion of the merits and demerits of radio advertis- ng. “No intelligent advertiser can abuse his time on the air and make his sales talk effective,” Frank H. Fayant, senior vice president of Lord, Thomas & Lo- gan Co. of New York, told the ad men. “A discerning public which can turn off the dial at a second’s warning or turn to & more preferred program, he declared, provides a self-constituted censorship of radio advertising and en-| tertainment. Opposes Censorship. Preedom of speech is as necessary for radio as for the press of the country Mr. Fayant said in warning that there is no need for such a thing as “un- | American censorship,” since the pubic can serve as its own censor by a simple twist of the dial. Behind closed doors the advertis- ing leaders studied a rTeport on & questionnaire sent to every adver- tising agency in the country con- veying information regarding the extent they have utilized the radio in popu- larizing_ products. This report, mitted by F. R. Gamble, executive sec- rétary of the association, was open to wide " discussion While the summary of this report was not made public, as the whole morning was devoted to an executive session, it dealt with the extent of chain, spot and local advertising programs utilized by the agencies. Emphasis will be placed during the two-day sessions of the convention on what advertising in newspapers and other media can do in a period of busi- ness depression. Speakers will include national advertising leaders. “Advertising as an economic force must and will meet the test of ad- versity.” C. D. Newell, chairman of the board of the A. A. A. A,, told the mem- bers this morning in sounding the first keynote on this phase of the discus- sions. He paid a tribute to John Ben- son, president of the association, who is completing his second year in office The speakers at the opening session of radio advertising were: L. Ames Brown, president of Lord & Thomas & Logan of New York and chair- man of the assoclation’s Commit- tee on Radio Broadcasting; Howard Angus of Batten, Barton, Durstine & Osborn, Inc.. Roy S. Durstine, vice president and general manager of Bat- ten, Barton, Durstine & Osborn, Inc M. 'A. Hollingshead of Campbell-Ewald Cs3., Detroit: C. F. Gannon, director of radio of Erwin, Wasey & Co., New York, and H. H. Kynett, partner, the Aitkin- Kynett Co., Philadelphia. The speakers discussed various features of radio ad- vertising. Various problems of publishers and | advertisers were due for discussion during the afternoon session President Benson will speak on “What the Newspaper Situation Demands.” Other speakers included Stanley R. Latshaw, president of the Butterick Publishing Co., and Frank J. Hermes, partner in the Blackman Co., New York. Annual Banquet Tonight. Some of the other topies for consid- eration included: “Changes Going In Merchandising and Their Effect on Advertising,” by Laurence G. Meads, partner in charge of marketing, the Blackman Co.; “What Responds to in Copy Appeal.” by Carle- ton Spier of Batten, Barton, Durstine | & Osborn, Inc. New York: “Keeping Faith With the Reader of Advertising.” by G. Lynn Sumner, president the G. Lynn Sumner Co., New York; “Publishers’ Control of Copy Standare by Frank Braucher, vice president Crowell Pub- lishing Co.. and “What Advertising Can Do in a Period of Depression.” involving specific cases to be presented by various speakers. At tonight's annual banquet in the Mayflower, the speakers will be Frank Crowninshield. editor of Vanity Fair, and Clarence Buddington Kelland, author. The closing sessions will be held tomorrow with the election of new officers in the morning. Two speclal coaches bearing about 40 | prominent radio entertainers arrived here during the day to take part in to- night's program. George Jessel of the | National Broadcasting Co. will be master of ceremonies. 60 ARCTIC DEPOTS T0 STUDY WEATHER FOR MANY NATIONS (Continued From First Page.) Thus violent storms have ur in the Eastern en sunspots are in some way. a tendency to United States w | numerous. Gorton said rainfall records kept for many years at Boston, Charleston and | Rome indicate there may be long rain- fall cycles of 70 to 90 years. California records seem to Tevemt long cycies of 80 years and shorter ones of 2 and 3, 5 and 6 and 22 to 26 years The gradual drying-up of such deserts as those of the North Africa, Peru, Mongolia, Tibet, Mexico and New Mex- ico, he sald, probably represents the downward slide of long rainfall cycles lasting several hundred years. Terraced beaches showing gradually falling lake levels and remains of ancient civiliza- tions indicate that rain once was abundant in those regions. The shape of the earth can be deter- mined more accurately than ever before, Maj. Willlam Bowie, of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, told the Geophysical Union, because the national survey sy: tems of Mexico and Canada have been connected with that of the United States. [Extension of a single system | over all North America will make possi- ble earth measurements of great pre- cisions, he sald. Jnfinite Time Studied. Explorations of the world of the in- finitely little, where time is measured in millionths of seconds, held the atten- tion of the American Physical Society, meeting today at the Bureau of Stand- ards. H. D. Koenig and A. E. Ellett of the State University of Iowa reported on a technique for measuring the time re- quired for an atom to-absorb radiant energy and then re-radiate it. This momentuous event, on which the light | and heat of the earth depends, requires a little less than a millionth of a sec- ond. Frank_G. Dunnington of the Univer- sity of California reported experiments showing the electro-optical shutter used in some physical experiments operates in approximately five-billionths of a second. H. B. Maris of the Naval Research Laboratory gave an explanation of the annual variation in_ the intensity of magnetic storms _which maximum at the Spring .and Autumnal equinoxes and their mininum at the Summer and Winter solstices. This is due, he said, to the change of the earth’s position with respect to the sun, from which it recelves the bom- bardment of charged particles respon- sible for the magngtic phenomena. A blue light on the far edge of the visible spectrum, with a wave length of about four-miilionths of a millimeter, which is obtained by bombarding gasses with cathode rays, was described by Willi M. Cohn of the University of Berlin. sub- the Consumer | reach their | Scene at Pan-American Union this morning as the Eastern Monarch heard tributes from American educators for his labors for his people: The King and Queen are in the center of the group, flanked, respectively, by President Marvin of | George Washington University and Secretary of State Stimson. of the board of trustees of the university, AN KING GIVEN DEGREEBY G W0 Presentation at Pan-Ameri- can Union Marks Last Pub- | lic Appearance Here. (Continued From Pirst Page.) sity of Chicago, Richard Norman Owens, a member of the faculty of the George Washington University Additional members of the King's official party were next in line and the trusteés. deans, directors and faculty of George Washington completed the pro- cession. Herald of Trumpets. King Prajadhipok’s entrance on the platform was heralded by the flourish of trumpets and the ruffie of drums and | | as the party proceeded to their phces[ the Marine Bank broke into the strains of the Siamese national antaem. The opening prayer then was offered | by Bishop Freeman, who invoked the | | Divine blessing upon the King and | prayed that to those “favored in this | great Republic” would be granted “a | | deeper sense of our obligations to na- | | tions far and near and a finer realiza- | tion of the tie that binds us to Thy servant, the King of an anclent people. Provost Wilbur then called, in the or- der of their founding. the names of the | participating universities, who presented to the King scrolls bearing greetings. Public Schools Greeting. On behalf of the United States com- missioner of education, Mr. Frazier then presented a greeting from the public | school officers. teachers and pupils of the United States, lauding the educa- tional practicés of Siam. He called at- {tention to the fact that so many Siamese of high rank have gone to Europe or America to study, and de- clared this had worked for greater in- ternational amity. | “The common interest in education shared by the teachers and students of | this country and those of Siam is heightened by many similarities in the educational practices and ideals of the schools of the two countries,” he said. “Teachers and pupils in both countries alike share many similar experiences and speak a common language when | they discuss primary and secondary | edueation, vocational education, agricul- | i”"ll education, teacher traini phys- |ical education and health, Boy Scouts or ‘tiger cubs,’ athletics and collegiate | and_professional education. | “Both the United States and the Kingdom of Siam have, during the course of their histories, drawn as they | saw fit from the knowledge and expe- | rience of different countries. The King- | dom of Siam has been highly success- | ful in preserving the finest and best | traditions of a strictly Orlental nation, and thus in turn contributes a full share to the intellectual heritage of mankind.” | Director Mann followed with his | message from the American Coliege of Education. | “By your presence at this convoca- tion, your majesty bestows on the uni- | versitles and colleges of the United | | States honor which they deeply ap- | | preciate,” he read. “American scholars | have watched with admiration the | spread of the university spirit in the | Kingdom of Stam. Knowing, ac they | | do, that Siam is an absoluic monarch while the United States is a republic, | | they rejoice to see this proof of the fact | | | | litical organization—that there is in | men a life incommensurable with ma- | !'terial things. Proud te Pay Tribute. “The universities and collzges of the | United States are proud to offer to the King of Siam their higihest tokea of recognition of spiritual communion in the temple of the unversity. It is ap- propriate that this token be presented o a sovereign monarch by an institu- tion that nolds its charter from the cen- tral government of a sovereign people. It is significant that the insiitution bears the name of the Father of his Country, George Washington. It is deeply inspiring to xnow that your majesty, by accepting this token ac- | knowledges his ‘spiritual sympathy with all who are unsefishly striving to lib- erate men and give every one his ut- most chance to live a creative life.” Then came the conferring of the de- gree, and the King'saddress; Bishop | Freeman intoned the benediction, and the audience stood at attention as “The Star Spangled Banner” concluded the ceremony. ’ Upon emerging from the Pan-Ameri- can Union the visitors found the crowd that had greeted their arrival augmented considerably. They stopped for a moment for photographers, exchanged salutations with President Marvin and then were driven back to thelr residence. There the King had but a few moments before starting for Baltimore to confer with Dr. Willlam H. Wilmer, noted eye specialist, while the Queen rested in preparation for her trip this afternoon to Mount Vernon in company with Mrs. Hoover, aboard the Com- merce Department boat Sequoia. The Baltimore trip will take up most of ‘the King's day, and is in connec- tion with the afiction that has brought him to this country. He was Dr. Wil- mer's guest at luncheon. Teeth and Throat Tested. The King had a brief preliminary examiination of his eyes in New York, and late yesterday visited Washington | dentists for a scrutiny of his teeth and throat to see if infection there might be a factor in his eye allments. The dentists_promised to have their report in Dr. Wilmer's hands today. | l At the left of the picture is John Bell Larner, president and at the right, Right Rev. James E. Freeman, Bishop of Washington. RAMBAI BARNI OF SIAM, From a photograph especially posed yesterday. Harris-Ewing Photo. BLINDED BY RAW FUEL, WOMAN PILOT LANDS PLANE SAFELY |RAY SHORT $12,865 IN STATE ACCOUNT, INQUIRY REVEALS _ (Continued From First Page.) __(Continued From First Page.) but embraces deposits made with the Circuit Court and on equity cases, and the proceeds from the sales of & prop- erty for taxes, for which the county commissioners had previously settled were saturated and I couldn't see a | with the State for the State taxes in- thing. If I had only been able to see | volved. I personally made an examina- I could have brought the plane down !tion of this latter account, and possess without trouble. 1 ge:ln ngicl: g | &e of tl::emt to | Judge Robert B. T o reuit Tried to Force Gas. | Court, who is rather concernedc:bauz “The motor was not getting enough | the situation as affecting the funds of gas and went out-on me. Blindly, I |the court and the county.” reached for the emergency pump and| The visit of an auditor, which pre- tried to force the gas through. I found fceded the death by asphyxiation of that by keeping the nose of the ship |Ray, was also described in the report. up T could avoid some of the escaping It said: fuel, and in this fashion I worked over | “On April 15, 1931, Howard B. near the Washington Airport, hoping |Matthews, assistant State auditor, to land there. completed an examination of the ac- “Another ship was making a landing | count of Preston B. Ray, for the year there, however, and I was afraid of a |ending September 30, 1930. He re- collision if I trjed to come down there. | quested an opportunity to examine the there was nothing to do but head for a | landing fleld and take the chances. “I tried to stop the leak by closing the lines, but the gasoline kept spraying down on me from above. My clothes — | discussed before various groups of | who quit the service were receiving and {than 24 hours after that of Secretary So far as I was concerned, a crash with another ship would have been just as | bad as falling on a house. There was | only one thing to do and that was to try for the old Hoover field. | Plane Slightly Damaged. “The motor was so hot I felt sure it would catch fire if T tried to circle the field, so T headed the plane straight in for a landing. The next thing T knew | the plane was bouncing along the | ground. If it hadn't been for the gaso- | line in my eyes I would have scen that | fence and missed it. Even so, here I only slightly damaged. A “I think my experiencé goes a long way toward proving that mishaps in the air need not have fatal conse- quences if pilots will keep their heads and not get rattled.” Mrs. Kunzcame here today to make final arrangements for a formal ceremony at Memorial Continental Hall May 9 mark- ing the placing of the corps on an ac- | tive status. The corps will be composed of licensed women pilots who will keep themselves In irsiuing at tw= -ational | camps to relieve men pilots for military | duty n case of war. The women mem- | bers of the corps will be trained to fly | hospital planes, cargo planes, ma: planes and to engage In first ald and rescue work. MITCHELL ANNOUNCES JUSTICE EMPLOYES' | PAY RAISES HALTED (Continued From First Page) | salary. But this was knocked out, in- dicating Congress its:if did not care | to say there should be no increases in | salary and leaving it to the discretion of the executive of each department to make administrative promoticns, as has | been done regularly in the past, to the | limit of funds available. 2 | Secretary Wilbur is the first éabi- net officer to adopt the general rule of helping the Government out by saving the relatively few dollars that are available through new employes com- ing in at lower rates of pay than those thereby cutting off the hopes of veteran workers, who have considered they were promised such increases under the reclassification act. In making his announcement less General Mitchell “It is true that there has not been the reduction in retail price levels that has occurred in commeodity prices. Nevertheless, buying power has in- creased as.a result of the drop of 12 per_cent in retail prices. “In view of this, together with cur- Wilbur, Attorney records in respect to fees for recording tax sales, and promised to see Ray on the morning of April 17. The death of Ray occurred on the night of April 15.” Third County Shortage. ‘The deficit in the office of the clerk marked the third shortage in the past decade occurring in the accounts of Montgomery County officials who died in office, The Star learned today from Controller Gordy. The first shortage was detected by State auditors follow- ing the death of Clinton Allnutt, regis- ter of wills, and amounted to $8,500. | that the university idea transcends po- | am without a scratch and the plane This amount was made good hy Mr. Allnutt’s family. ‘The second shortage was in‘the ac- count of the late Perrie Waters, who succeeded Mr. Allnutt as register of wills and died last November, a short timé after his re-election for another term. The shortage in his account was set at $2,400 by State auditors, and was recovered by the bonding company, Mr. Gordy declared. " BAND CONCERT. By the United States Soldiers’ Home Band this evening at Stanley Hall at 5:30 o'clock; John S. M. Zimmermann, bandmaster; Anton Pointner, assistant. Program: March, “A La Cubana” Patriotic overture, “America ever” .... Trio for cello, flut “Nocturne" Messrs. Granados Feor- . Tobani lolin, Doppler nd Darby. Melange, “Viennese Folk Songs,” Komzak Fox-trot novelty, “Jack in the Box,” Confrey Valsetto, “That Fascinating Waltz,” Lincke Finale, “Amina” Lincke “The Star Spangled Banner.” ‘This will conclude the - serfes of orchestral concerts for the . season. The outdoor military band concerts will be resumed about the middle of Ma; rent business conditions, and the un- employment situation, I don't think Government employes should expect to have their salaries raised.” ‘Whether the economy plans of Mitchell and Wilbur will be followed by all other cabinet officers could not be ascertained. At the Treasury it was noted that hundreds of salaries already had been raised 1n recent months, and that further increases probably would be made through a fund composed of moneys saved by departmental economy during each fiscal year, sometimes ag- gregating $1,000,000 for eacH 12 months, At the Commerce Department, also, it was said tha’ when the pay rolls of Governmg es there were re- viewed Tous increases ent st January result American standard of living does not promise a guaranteed scale of wages, At the insurance round table there appearcd to be a consensus against the Government trying to give unemploy- ment insurance and that private insur- ance companies could enter the field only in a limited way. Leroy A. Lincoln, vice president of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.. suggested that the com- panies might better co-operate with in- dividual business establishments to pro- vide some sort of insurance benefit Hits Government Control. In the opinion of Fred M. Sargent, president of the Chicago & Northwest- ern Railway Co., no single thing could happen which would give more courage and inspiration to revival of prosperity than to know the Government intended to maintain a sacred regard for the Irights of private property. . Speaking before the chamber today on Government competition in business, Mr. Sargent sald usurpation of State rights through piecemeal legislation and disregard - for the Constitution had brought centralization of Government to the point of entering private busi- ness. “If the Govefnment can manufacture and distribute electrical energy, as some in Congress ardently want us to, then it can mine and transport energy in the form of coal,” he said. “National- ization of the power industry would be merely & first step toward the nationsl- ization of all industry. Violation of the Fifth Amendment. “Not only is the Federal Government without authority to engage in private business, but to do so is a direct viola- tion of 'the fifth amendment. which provides that the National Government shall not take private property for public use without just compensation. “When the Government, with its un- limited powers and resources, enters into private business to compete with its own citizens, thereby destroying the value of the property of its citizens, it is in my judgment, just as clearly tak- ing private property without compensa- tion as if it placed a sheriff in charge and confiscated it. “When the public generally becomes |imbued with the fear that their Gov- jernment 15 going to destroy their in- | vestments by entering into private com- | petition, then those investments will cease and seek refuge in other quarters and the main source of prosperity will be dried up. Asks Control of Mergers. Proposals for a Government to give advance opinions on the legality of proposed industrial mergers was dis- | cussed by C. Carroll Todd of Wash- |ington, former Assistant to the Attor- Iney General. “That proposal,” he said, “has been before the country for more than 20 years, during four different - trations, without as yet enlisting suff- cient support to procure its enactment. The reasons are, I think, first, that the country has not been convinced that there is any need for changing the present policy, and, second, that there are, ‘x:flous objections to the propesal ‘The first objection, Mr. Todd said, is that any such agency would be a for- midable addition to bureaucracy. An- other he cited as the constant discus- sion which would ensue. “If a transaction were submitted and an opinion obtained,” he declared, “controversies would inevitably arise as to whether all the facts been stated, or whether the transaction was put into effect in the exact form sul mitted, or whether conditions ied b~ & 50 changed as to make the opinion map- plicable.” t Employment stabilization, the rel- tion of instaliment buying to busifiess depression, retail sales tax and trade associations were among the subjects the chamber today. M. B. Folsom, assistant treasurer of the Eastman Kodak Co., in a round- table discussion before the manufacture department of the chamber, told of the measures adopted by industries in Rochester, N. Y. to reduce seasonal fluctuations in employment. He said a survey of 69 concerns, em- ploying 41,000, revealed that production and employment had been materially stabilized by sales forecasts, produc- tion scheduling, manufacturing for stock, standardization of products, di- versification of products and intensify- ing sales efforts. ‘dwin C. Vogel, chairman of the Executive Committee of the Commer- cial Investment Trust Corporation, in a speech before the chamber, defended installment buying against critics who ascribe it as one of the factors in busi- ness depression. Defends Installment Buying. ‘The record of installment credits dur- ing depression, he sald, compares fa- vorably with results of other forms of credit. He sald that pry that installment credit would collapse in a period of depression and unem- ployment had yroved unfounded in the experience of the past 18 months. The assertion that installment buying was mortgaging the purchasing power of future years, he said, was unfair, as ordinary instaliment credits were liqui- dated within a year. B. Earl Puckett, president of Freder- ick Loeser & Co. of New York, speak- !ing before the domestic distribution de- partment, denounced the retail sales tax as an unjust form of taxation, the greatest burden of which would fall upon the small consumer. A general sales tax, he said, is ad- ministratively impossible because of the wide ramifications and tremendous de- tail involved in the collection of a tax on_retail transactions. He said it would amount to a wage reduction, as it would lessen the buye ing power of the small consumers’ ine come. and would reduce consumption by its psychological effect on retail buyers. Charles F. Abbot, executive director of the American Institute of Stee! - struction, Inc, said 4n a round-tal conference on trade associations, such organizations are the voice of the industry they represent. He urged that trade organizations take the lead in bringing about industry recovery. Paul 1. Aldrich, editor of the National Provisioner, Chicago, speaking on trade associations, said that self-regulation of industry through trade organizations must be based upon a policy that con~ siders the rights of the public, and that there must be nothing i a self-regula~ tion program that stultifies competition or puts a premium on inefficlency. Sees Need for Rallways. Henry I. Harriman of Boston, » cial of the New England Power O::n :rtlfl today the survival of the electric railway industry in the face of automobile com= f‘etltlun testifies to its economic neces~ ty. Mr. l}n:flmflm spoke before the trans- portation and communicat! ment of the chamber. Aren v alth, there would con- tinue to be a large segment of the popu- lation which would not be able to af- ford luxurul:u transportation. “Regulating bodies should recognize the fundamental value and necessity of the service rendered by the ized street railway companies,” he said, “and ::1:&!2' ive ::nl* !mr tréeatment with rate of fare, of franchise, and the use :?x ;b!le h- ways so that they can earn their way and continu ) e as an fsenthl part of