Evening Star Newspaper, April 26, 1931, Page 26

THE- EVENING STAR - With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. O SUNDAY.........April 26, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor 'n.fllv-h; Star Newspaper Company R 0 Rate by Carrier et at il d ‘o mln"llllf” lep] ‘Assoc! 1 o e e 'Il?fi'u'i'hfifl'l}" ve 5‘:3? it or not otherwise cred- d_also ! e gid i o e e tohes herein are also reserved. ‘Why Not Go All the Way? ‘The unrepresented community of ‘Washingtonfans s always grateful for Senator King's interest, shown more than once in local sffairs. One is inclined to believe, however, that there is more significarice in his realization of the need for accredited spokesmen of the community on the floors of Congress than there is practical value in his proposal to supply tbese spokesmen. As he roughly outlines his suggestion to municipal authorigles, his proposal will take the form of & bill permitting the Commissioners to designate one of their number, or some competent mem- ber of the District government, as spokesman for District affairs in the House and Senate. This officer would presumably be ready at all times to ex- plain the merits of local legislation, to defend the attacks that might be made on District bills, and otherwise to fill the shoes of 8 handy man to members of Congress who, too busy with other duties to study District legislation be- fore it reaches the floor, can call upon him for enlightenment as to what it means. The desirabllity of some such form of Congress them in taxes in time of peace and men in time of war and which governs them through agents in no manner responsible to the governed is so clear that it can- not be denied. And Senator King is to be congratulated for' deciding that something should be done. His proposal, however, falls far short of the mark. The spokesman whom he suggests would apparently be given privileges of the floor, now enjoyed by The Cost of Carelessness. President Henry of the American Automobile Association appeals to the drivers of the country, at the outset of the annual great outdoors season, to look upon “responsibility at the wheel as the first and major requisite for greater safety” on the road. Realizing that we Americans inhabit a land where figures talk, Mr. Henry declares that an analysis of the 32,500 motor fatalities and 960,000 injuries in 1930 demon- strates that the carelessness of drivers is the biggest single cause of the steadily \increasing total of automobile accidents. It is & common misapprehension that thirteen per cent. Nearly half of the fatalities were due to automobiles striking pedestrians. Almost exactly one-half of the injuries were due to collisions between automobiles. President Henry points out the sig- nificant circumstance that roundly s titird of the drivers causing accidents did not have the right of way. Some sixteen per cent of them were on the wrong side of the road. All these tell- tale statistics, in the A. A. A. executive’s opinion, justify the contention that grester watchfulness and vigllance “at the wheel” are the things essentially required if life on the roads of the m,mumhw—un to liquor. Whether this be the traffic authorities of the cannot be too strongly urged to proceed ruthlessly against drunkenness “at the wheel.” The American Automobile which alcoholism is affecting our me- chanical era, in so far as motorized transport s concerned. The wheel is one place where a clear head and & steady hand are of literally vital ¢ | importance. - ro Uncle Sam, Spender. President Hoover and his cabinet have been wrestling with Government expenditures, seeking, it is intimated, to keep those expenditures down in the face of the $800,000,000 deficit now facing the Treasury at the close of the present fiscal year. Already the ‘White House has issued & wamning that Congress, when it meets next, must cut to the quick all appropriations and that it must not exceed the budget submitted by the President and the Budget Bureau. A tabulation of gov- ernmental expenditures covering three fiscal years, 1930, 1931 and 1932, was laid before the cabinet at its meeting with the President on Friday and later given to the press. This tabulation showed that for the fiscal year ending June 380, 1930, the governmental ex- penditures had been $3,994,152,487; that for the fiscal year about to close the estimated expenditures will be $4,435,- 029,732, and that the total expenditures for the next fiscal year, ending June 30, 1932, are estimated at $4,119,230,- 649. This shows an apparent reduction of $316,000,000 in the governmental ex- penditures in the coming fiscal year when compared to the fiscal year which ends June 30 next. However, deficlency appropriations and unexpected requirements for the Government may swell the total ‘ur the next fiscal year. It is aganst this swelling process that Mr. Hoover and his cabinet have set their faces. It is the plan of the administration to pare down expenditures wherever it is found possible to do so. The proposal is made that savings be effected in the War Department, the Post Office Department and several others. ‘The tables made public by the Presi- dent give to the country a new view of Uncle S8am as a spender. For example, it is shown that the expenditures for past wars, for the veterans of those wars and for present national defense needs total in each of these three years more than $2,500,000,000. The total ex- penditures average around $4,000,000,000. It is obvious that with $2,500,000,000 going for past wars and national de- fense, only about $1,500,000,000 is left for all other expenditures of the Gov- emnment. The President has arranged the governmental expenditures in four groups, three in addition to those for past wars and national defense. The second group covers the expenditures of the Government for purely civil admin- istration, including the legislative and judicial branches as well as the executive. The third group covers what may be termed the “welfare” ex- penditures of the Government the expenditures for public health, educa- tion, agricultural aids, aids to labor, conservation of national resources, etc., and the fourth group includes the odds and ends of governmental expenditures such as refunds, trust funds, etc. The fourth group of expenditures is smaller than any of the others. The welfare group comes next to the war group, with totals running from $715,000,000 to $1,057,000,000. The tables presented do not include the outlay for the payment of the sol- diers’ bonus loans to the World War veterans, except $112,000,000. It is estimated that when these loans are covered in, the total expenditures for the present fiscal year will reach beyond $5,000,000,000. Here again the ex- penditures for wars will get another huge boost. It is quite clear from the tabulation that the Government has enormousiy increased its expenditures for public works of all kinds since the depression set in. Also the aids to agriculture have jumped hundreds of millions of dollars. In a measure the presentation of tables of expenditures is an answer to the charge of those that the admin- istration and the Congress have lagged in the matter of providing work to ald the unemployed and in providing aid for the American farmers. [—————y A “jingo policy” is not always re- garded as necessary to national pride. Intelligence sometimes requires a cer- tain deference to “safety first.” P e Destruction of a once reliable source of profits leads the Virgin Islands to re- quest not only farm relief, but rum relief. ———————— It is Henry Ford's good fortune to provide employment for car bullders and for numerous extra policemen to supervise their status in traffic. Pacifists and the Navy. Senator Moses spoke a useful and characteristically vigorous word before the Daughters of the American Revolu- tion on Friday night when he called attention to the activities of the profes- sional pacifists—"“patriots,” the Presi- dent pro tem of the Senate said, “who throng Washington and receive pay for their efforts to undermine national de- fense.” It is lamentably the fact that the .| foes of adequate preparedness at ses, though they do not by any means represent a majority of the American people, have, through their lobby in Congress, been largely responsible for the inability of successive administra- tions to secure necessary naval legis- lation. Senator Moses gave the D. A. R. an insight into the methods of the well organized pacifist movement. o?snmuu are alert as they are fanatical, as plau- sible as they are impudent, and far more effective than either their cause or their number warrants. “It is true that they assume to speak for many thousands, and it probably is true that these thou- sands will be found upon their mem- bership mu;‘ But !:rlhvo lh:t no inconsiders! num hese filfl_flufl be shown to have THE into membezship by appeal the sacred name of x e which all the think- peace which be ;& nature hl: mmm w complete transformation.” ° Senator Moses finds no “Severity of criticlsm” for these ‘“sincere and mis- guided thousands,” but he is less chari- table with the high-pressure salesmen and saleswomen engaged in “seducing by false pretenses” a large number of well meaning American citizens, who are led to believe that their cash is helping to buy peace in & world highly reluctant to place its faith in anything but steel and shell. Close observers of the pacifists’ machinations at Washington will con- cur in Senator Moses’ castigation. They are out to smash the treaty navy. If & vocal and skillful minority is not to prevail on Capitol Hill again next Win- ter, the friends of American prepared- ness at sea will have to bestir them- selves, SUNDAY o appeal n —————————— Time to Decide. It is highly desirable that the final plans for the Children’s Tuberculosis Sanatorium represent the latest ideas on the design of such institutions and that there be as much unanimity of opinion as possible among the profes- slonally interested advisers. In appoint- ing a committee of local government officials to decide on the principles to be followed in preparation of the plans, the Commissioners are pursuing the accepted procedure in such matters. But it is to be hoped that the recom- mendations of this committee will be final, lest the District succumb to the dificulties that beset Mr. Milne's sailor— “Who had so many th;:n ‘That he wanted to ‘That whenever he thought ‘That he ht to begin he was in.” The extent of the difficulties faced by the authorities in deciding upon the general nature of design of the hospital 15 not clear. It appears that the draft proposed by the municipal architect suggests & one-story type of building, and that, according to the latest in- formation available, the one-story type of bullding is fundamentally wrong. Taking this as & warning, Assistant Engineer Commissioner Robb believes that other features may, on the basis of latest or later information, also be criticized as antique and outworn. He is anxious that the information be received in time to correct mistakes. Havigp engaged the services of a special architectural consultant to assist in the final preparation of the plans, the committee ought to be able to digest the various theories as to the best type of construction and, making up its mind, stick to it. It is the fate of public officials to have to make de- cisions. As a matter of fact, that is what they are pald for. ———t To the average Washingtonian there seems to be no more reason for buying his coal by the short ton than for buy- ing bread by the pound troy of twelve ounces. When it comes to the “baker’s dozen,” however, he makes no kick. - Now we know positively that Admiral Byrd is really a great man. He is be- ginning to be criticized by his aero- nautical contemporaries. Students of metropolitan underworld conditions intimate & popular demand for more “wise crackers” and not so many safe crackers. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Early Crop. . “I'm going to make a garden soom,” said Aristides Bings. “I'm going to raise tomatoes, corn and radishes and things. I'm going to rise at daybreak, when the sky is mild and blue, And gayly warble ‘Tra-la-la’ and some- times “Too-ri-loo.’ T'll buy myself some overalls, likewise a spade and hoe, And all the rest of what you need to make a garden grow. Tl read the books that tell the use of bone dust and of lime, Or at least look at the pictures when I have a little time.” He dug around for quite awhile, did Aristides Bings, And then he cried, “What luck a little honest effort brings! ‘The s0il is most productive. where'er I look As fine a lot of fishing worms as ever graced a hook. And there's a sapling that will make a first-rate fishing pole! And here's a cord for measuring, a stout and goodly roll. I didn’t hope for such results, My joy I can't express. The garden is undoubtedly a swift and huge success!” Make-up. “All the world's a stage,” sald Mr. Stormington Barnes. “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum. “About the only important distinction to be noted is that some of us have to make up our minds instead of our faces.” T observe The true egotist is the man who imagines he is attracting attention to his particular line of comedy in & crowd of base ball rooters. Exceptional Felicity. How seldom 1s he seen or heard, The man with patriot zeal aglow, Who this year can stand by each word He said a year or so ago! Unhindered Imagination. “I suppose you are well acquainted with the star of your company?” “Never met him,” replied the press agent. “A successful press agent must be an idealist, not a realist.” Jud Tunkins says existence would be easier if & man were as willing to do without sleep in the morning as he was the night before. Paradoxical. ““Tis better far to laugh than sigh.” Yet there are people on this earth Who, if & show can't make them cry, Don’t think they’'ve had their money's worth. “I admires dihnigty,” sald Uncle Eben, “but I does hate de kind dat is stmply an excuse fob v X STAR, WASHINGTO D. C, SELF-DETERMINATION BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Tezt: “What shall @ man give in exchange for his life?”—St, Mat- thew, zvi.26. As the Master came to the close of ‘His ministry He talked more intimate- ly with His immediate followers and His - teaching became more personal. He has been saying here, “If any man will come after me, let him deny him- self and take up his cross dally and follow me.” Following this, He places a fresh emphasis upon thé transcend- ent worth and value of life. Repeat- edly in the course of His teaching he talked of life as man's chief concern. Again and again He affirmed that his great quest was its enrichment and ful- fillment. He thought of it not alone in terms of the physical but of the spiritual. He sought to expand man's vision by defining life in terms of its highest and fullest attainment. In the above text He is literally saying. “What is a man profited if he gain the whole world at the cost of his life, and having gained it, what shall he then give in exchange for the recovery of that which he has lost?” In another place He asked the question, “Is not the life more than food, and the body than clothing?” ‘Where the value of life is properly understood He could not oconceive that a man would sacrifice it for any ma- terial advantage the world might give His query brings up before our vision many observations we have made of men and women who, for the satisfaction of some desire or passion, have sacrificed that which was most precious to them, namely, life itself. Once it is forfeited they are prepared to give in exchange for its recovery all that they possess. The homely phrase, “‘You cannot have your cake and eat it,” is suggestive of this. We con- stantly meet individuals who, for the acquisition of that which they desire, or the satisfaction of their appetites and passions, have literally paid the price in terms of health and strength. ‘When once they realize they have for- feited that which is most precious to them for “a mess of pottage” they Washington. speedily betake themselves to some “cure,” hoping thereby to recover that which they have lost. A striking in- stance of what we mean came under our personal observation several years ago. A man of rare culture, who had come to occupy an outstanding place in his chosen profession, came to tell me that all he had accomplished had been sacrificed for the satisfaction of a ruling passion that had left him ut- terly impoverished and stripped of everything that he held dearest. I reminded him of the words of Christ where he said, “I am come to seek and to save that which was lost,” to which he responded that he felt himself so far gone he was wholly incapable of recovering the position and honor he had willfully sacrificed. It was only by long and careful cultivation, covering & period of several years, that we brought him to a position where he could feel himself restored, and that only by persuading him that in the teaching of Christ there was no such thing as a “no-hope case.” I saw the man in question not only restored to his profession, but actually so com- pletely renewed in mind, body and &pirit as to recover the distinction he had lost in the days of his profligate living. It was one of those miracles that do more to astrengthen one's faith than all else. Christ insists that every man is largely the architect of his own spirit- ual fortunes; that it is within his power, if he so wills it, to survive the in- fluences of heredity and environment, but this only when he recognizes at its full worth the deep meaning and significance of life itself. The prayer of the old Scotch woman comes back to us, “O Lord, help me to have a good opinicn of myself!” 1In his ad- dress to Queen Victoria at her dia- mond jubilee, the poet laureate said: “O loyal to the royal in thyself.” To be loyal to the royal in our cwn nature means to recognize that our chief business here is ths development of a character of such sort and kind that it is worthy to survive. APRIL 26, 1931— RT TWO. Capital Sidelights | BY WILL P. KENNEDY. ngle Sam is co-operating with the nations in making the first true map'of the world in such exact detail that it will be known as “the millionth scale map.” But Uncle Sam has been |loafing on his end of the job, and an EET RN s e ngress to si up, ing sufclent funds to- carry aiong th e work that has been practically at s |bul standstill for the past two or three years. The international map- project is the outgrowth of a demand for a stand- ard series of base maps of different sections of the world, compiled and printed under standard specifications 50 that data of the same kind will be represented in the same manner in all maps of this series throughout the world. By agreement among the of- ficial geographical services of the va- rious nations, a Central Bureau has been established in the Ordnance Sur- vey of England at Southampton. This bureau co-ordinates the lonth scale map work of the various nations. While it is true that the geographical services of the various natlons send maps of the territory under their juris- diction to the Central Bureau, this action is not taken for the purpose of criticism and standardization, but merely that the Central Bureau would have a complete file of the millionth scale sheets, and will transmit a copy of each new sheet to the geographical services of each nation adhering to the project. Each nation compiles, prints and distributes maps of its own area. Right here is where the United States has been procrastinating. the . While European countries have already pub- lished most of their maps, the United States has thus far published only four out of fifty-two sheets in the conti- nental United States. The only publish- ing that is being done now is some frac- tional portions along the Canadian bor- der. Canada has already published two sheets on its side of the border and is working on two more. At the last conference of the inter- national map project, called by the Central Bureau and held in London in July, 1928, the United States was offi- “What shall a man give in exchange | Eraphica for his life?” Two Schools of Thought Regarding Wage Cutting in Depression Time BY WILLIAM HARD. Shall the American standard of wages and of salaries be maintained through- out this depression? Or shall it be cut in the name of restoration of business activity? This problem has come to the forefront of consideration at Wash- ington during the past week. ‘The administration is getting bom- barded with demands from Eastern financial circles for a national policy of wage and salary reduction. The President stands firm for the contrary national policy of wage and salary maintenance. . To that end he has had Tepeated recent conferences and com- munications with high industrial lead- ers. Most of them have uncertaken to continue the wage and salary maintenance policy unabated for at least some time to come. The struggle seems to be between the views of certain large financial inter- ests on the one hand and on the other the presidents and most managers of large industrial corporations. * % % X Considerable impetus was given to the wage and salary reduction move- ment in the financial district of New York City by the visit to this country of Prof. Oliver Mitchell Wentworth Sprague, economic adviser of the Bank of England, who came here in com- pany with Montagu Norman, governor of the bank. Prof. Sprague conversed with the economic advisers of New York banks, including those of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and the general sentiment emerging from these contacts has been reported to Washington as one in favor of the ‘wage and salary reduction theory. The sentiment thus accelerated was publicly declared during the past week IZZ, Mr. George E. Roberts of the Na- nal City Bank of New York, who maintained that the drcr in the prices of commodities should, for the general 8ood, Lo followed by a drop In wages and in salaries in the building in- dustry, in the manufacturing industry, in the transportation industry, in the distribution industries, and in the gov- ernmental and professional services. Similar contentions from similar sources are now directed at the White House with great zeal and conviction. ok e Meanwhile sporadic wage cuts, or at- tempts at them, continue to be reported to the concillation service of the Gov- ernment’s Department of Labor. With- in the last three weeks of record 100 metal polishers at Hartford, Conn., a & 2%3 per cent cut; 4,000 Jjanitors in Chicago accepted a 5 per cent cut; 400 bullding trades mechanics in Waterloo, Towa, accepted a cut, the percentage of which is not here pre- cisely known. & 25 per cent cut has been proposed by employers to bullding trade mechanics in Cedar Rapids, Yowa; a 10 per cent cut has been proposed to machinists in Ilion, Y., a cut from $12 to $10 a day has been proposed to decorators in Newark, N. J.; & cut of 10 per cent been proposed to slipper makers h:m‘f" t}:flk City; ?nd disputes re- garding these pr s are pending. ot P s e, numerous points have been successfully resisted, and in Seattle, Wash., for 10,~ 000 men in the building trades, an agreement has been reached continuin {1:;:{. and, wages unchanged till Apflf * ok ok ok The impression, or, at any rate, the | it hope of the administration, is that the sporadic wage-cutting tendency has been chécked, unless revived by agita- tion from financial quarters. ‘That some checking of the tendency |in has indeed occurred might seem to be indicated by the latest figures from the Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics. The last two months re- | ported by that bureau are the months of February and March of this year. In February, out of its inquiries ad- dressed to many thousands of manu- facturing establishments, the bureau learned of wage decreases, averaging along about 10 per cent, and affecting 39,096 employes. In March, according to figures out yesterday, the bureau learned of wage decreases, again aver- aging along about 10 per cent, but this time affecting only 22,602 employes. Simultaneously the President’s Com: mittee on_Employment, headed by Col. Arthur Woods, asserts emphatically that wage cuts are now decreasing in number and in scope. The apprehen- sion still felt by the administration is that powerful banking influences might bring pressure to bear toward wage re- ductions the industrial corpo- rations with which they are associated. * ok ok ok At the same time the persuasiveness of .;u’uzem finance uvheer m:merlun lax- dusf revealed as apparently much feebler than it was suspected of being & few years ago. The independ- ence of large American industry from financial control seems to have greatly increased. President Gifford of the American Telephone and Te! aph Co, is taking a leading part, publicly and privately, in resisting the wage and salary reduction arguments and efforts. It also becomes known thal high leaders of the steel industry, in- cluding the United States Steel Corpo- ration, have expressed themselves as determined to maintain wages and a— s ses cumstances throug! o early part of the Summer in the hope that by the end of that period the al- leged economic justification for “the liquidation of labor” will have passed away. i ‘The most immediate and the biggest | question in the field of possible wage and salary reductions at this moment has been thought by some to be in the railroad industry. Recent conferences of railroad officials and of railroad trade union leaders in New York City have been suspected of being directed toward a readjustment of the hourly and weekly and monthly income rates of railroad employes. On inquiry from authoritative sources, however, this writer is assured that the conferences were concerned not with wages and salaries as such, but with a proposed shortening of working time. Specifically it is stated that repre- sentatives of railroad employes are questing & basic six-hour day to r place a basic eight-hour day. surmised that if they do not secure a basic six-hour day by negottation with railroad officials they will endeavor to secure it by legislation.in the next ses- sion of the Congress in December. Their aim is to shorten hours without reducing hourly rates of wages. Their aim is also, through the shortening of hours, to get workless railroad employes back to work. They point out that the rallroad pay roll to labor has shrunk enor- mously during the last decade. In 1920 59 per cent of all railroad revenue went to wages. By 1927 the percentage gom‘ to wages had been reduced from 59 to 47. Today it is even & bit lower. * ok k¥ ‘There can be no doubt that the ad- ministration will in general principle stand behind the railroad employes if they refuse to allow working-time re- duction to be made the occasion for direct or indirect wage reduction. The theory to which the administration steadfastly holds is that the return of prosperity depends upon the return of the willingness to buy and that noth- ing could more discourage and destroy that willingness than a campaign for the cutting of wages and salaries and the reducing thus of purchasing power. (Copyright, 1931.) o | Head-on Collision of Wheat Surpluses Seen BY HARDEN COLFAX. The American farmer, evidently— like his fellows all over the world— is not going to decrease his acreage planted to wheat to any considerable extent. The Federal Farm Board, therefore, it is learned from Govern- ment authorities, is facing the present situation by advocating a limitation on marketing. The 1931 harvest promises to add greatly to the already unmanageable surplus which the board now holds from the crops of 1929 and 1930. This reaches the ‘e of between 250,000, 000 and 270,000,000 bushels. By July 1, :p&lrenfly. there will be a head-on collision of two enormous surpluses. ‘The Wheat Advisory Committee, which transmits the ideas of the co- operative associations to the Farm , now advocates withholding from the market at least 25 per cent of this season’s harvest. The co-operatives, therefore, are attempting to “sign up” the wheat growers of the Northwest in a general agreement to hold back a quarter of their new crop and not let t get to market. * K K X The extemt to which the wheat surplus has got on the world’s nerves was indicated this week by the reaction Europe and Latin America to the story published a few days ago in an influential American newspaper to the effect that the Federal Farm Board was about to “dump” 35,000,000 bushels of wheat in Europe at low prices. ‘The Farm Board, however, has never had any intention of “dumping” wheat anywhere. Such action, said Chairman Stone, in a public statement, would “depress prices abroad and this, in turn, would react on the United States mar- ket, caus! lower domestic prices.” The board’s only two announcements in- dicating policy were made public sev- eral weeks ago, he pointed out. They were “(1) That an effort will be made to sell abroad by July 1, 85,000,000 bushels of .out-of-position wheat stored at Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific Northwest, seaports, and (2) That stabilization purc] will not be made from the 1931 crop.” This stock of 35,000,000 bushels, being on the coast, cannot be sent inland except at an increased price because 3 ings can be sold abroad in any event. * k¥ x By that date, it is expected, the de- mand for wheat from will be to our Gov- emment representatives in Paris and London, it was learned today, estimates abroad do not agree with the views credited to the Farm Board regarding the favorable grain situation in Europe as compared with that of a year and a half ago. Chairman Stone of the board stated that world wheat prices being very low, there will probably be a reduction in acreage in the principal producing countries next season. He is also qu:"ad that because of Europe 32 before July 1 Samuel W. Boggs, & member of the United States Geographic Board and her represen! ldge diately following the meeting of the International Map Commission. The United States sheets of the in- ternational map series are being pre- pared by the United States Geological Survey under the direction of John G. Staack, who has succeeded Mr. Birdseye as chief topographic engineer. The | Federal Board of Surveys and Maps is interested in this international map project and Mr. Boggs is chairman of committee of this board which deals with the ‘wu;ld map. * * Replying to several inquiries as to | when the Representatives in Congress who were elected last November, but who will not take their oath of office until next December, unless (as is not at all probable) an extra is called at an earlier date, start draw- ing their salaries, William Tyler Page clerk of the House and “coach” for new members, explains: “Representatives-elect whose creden- tials, in due form of law, have been filed with the clerk of the House will receive their compensation monthly Stlren 1055 unil the begianing. ot ch 4, ) un e of the first session of the Seventy-second Congress (regular or extraordinary) upon certificates signed by the clerk of the House and flled with the sergeant at arms. The cdnpensation of Repre- sentatives o distributed by the sergeant at arms. * ok ok X Tt is necessary that the credentials of Representatives-elect be filed with the clerk of the House before March 4, Under the law the clerk makes a roll of Representatives-elect of those persons only whose credentials show them regu- rly elected in accordance with the laws of their States, respectively, or the laws of the United States. epresentatives are allowed mileage at the rate of 20 cents per mile; to be estimated by the nearest route usually traveled in going to and returning from each regular session. The accounts are certified by the Speaker after the Com- mittee on Accounts has ascertained and | reported the amounts to the sergeant at arms. * X k% ‘The allowance for clerks to each Rep- resentative is fixed by law at the rate | of $5,000 per annum. Not more than two persons may be appointed, and no person shall receive an annual rate of compensation in excess of $3,900. Rep- resentatives-elect will be entitled to make designations for clerk hire from and after March 4, 1931, upon forms supplied by the clerk of the House. The allowance is paid in monthly install- ments. It is not cumulative. Any por- tion of a monthly allowance not ab- sorbed reverts to the Treasury. Ap- pointments are not retroactive to a date prior to a current month. o How About the Port? From the Janesville Gazette. It looks as though Portugal had taken on altogether too much old Madeira. ———————— Laws Are Made to-Break. From the Hamilton Evening Journal. Another disadvantage about obeying the traffic laws is that it makes one so conepionss L may expect advancing prices, or in- creased demand—or both. European opinion, however, as reflect- ed in dispatches to the Department of | Commerce, is to the effect that condi- tions in Europe and in Argentina and Canada, while not as favorable as be- | lieved, do show signs of some “‘ameliora- tion.” The heretofore somewhat trucu- lent tone of Russian comment has abated and dispatches from Moscow are quoting the Kremlin as hoping that, if the Western world is afraid of Rus- sia’s “dumping” 90,000,000 bushels of wheat, the American Farm Board will not “add to the chaos by using the 250,- 000,000 it holds as a threat against the world's economic peace.” * * x It was reported from Paris on Thurs- day that, in view of the wheat short- age in France, the French government has agreed to purchase larger amounts from abroad than had been intended. A government decree has just been is- sued increasing from 15 to 30 per cent Women’s Occupaiiqnq BY FREDERIC J. HASKINy persistently shared in l.hn'orko(pmfldn?mfilnl‘!o( living fundamentals—food, shelter and raiment—from the beginnings of race and modern life shows how she |em) the home fires ‘when | the has stuck to that job. ‘The cave woman rning and the food the first dawnings of civilization dic- tated that any pre] able. She sewed the ments to her man, added task of tilling the soll, even to the dragging of the plow when the plow ‘was invented. Later she spun yarn and wove cloth, made hodden gray and all that and, in addition to the imm began to preserve foods and store them o in receptacles. of the citles it is somewhat natural to glean the impres- sion that the working women of Amer- The invention of all manner of ma- |tions. chinery and the introduction of the i § J £ 8 i EE h preclous 1i though at work in the fi century, woman has not m: H A o z £ é g Work Similar to Home Duties. From 8,500,000 to 9,000,000 women . This may ing and other housework in the homes of persons a stratum, but it also im:llldu the nu- : i gesg §=% o i 1L H -3 £ H i : ! i i F sg; ! ! : ¥ E ¢ El : y : £ | i e i B g § i i i E £ | i3 i E-; 5% j i i i E i i | -3 M Fifty Years Ag In The Star For more than 50 ‘The Star has been unremitting myu“::m Pole Nuisance weshimon o oo, Protested. ¥ G et io, Toat, it said: “The District Commissioners have large and undefined powers, and should be careful to exercise these powers with. moderation, caution and th!’z:hh"tfhm h companies to extend b P! e the telegraph inent meelv'.- Wi'hwm nt consent of the citizens whose e lwtfilln day or two the Taisers - a or pole-: have infested miles of the the north to dig great holes and ] b0 les anc int masts at their awenp will. ‘whose terpose slightest, ddu"f-n the vandal work until an appeal could be made to the authorities for relief. The telegraph men were Speedthat would:revent spee: ven| a to resist the ob:ecuommblp fik. S “The question now is who is next to e s e S g fow will telegraph flends give the public assurance to extend this telegraph not in future be granted in this manager.” * A raifroad boom was 1n progress half a century ago, the m;g:rgfl expenendu“ n " l an exce] afl" & s e lon of new Works. Jines The Siar ‘o April 21:“}':‘81. says: e number of new railway com- pahies M'I;f organized and chartered is calcula to remove to some extent the apprehension in the public mind of continued monopolies in In its | quiet British Closely Watching NewFrenchDevelopments 2 § Efij 8 Seshis and destroy the agreement with Italy, wreck the London naval treaty and, inciden tally, disarmament eonfer~ e BEEsE ef consequences will be and 20pes of dl.llnn:ment abandoned. * ¥ * wm?m nee;um of the esent critical pro- found disappointment at the threatened breakdown of the Franco-Italian ment, which he business of this country. There is an |kn abundance of money in the United States, and the amount is increased |the with the arrival of almost every vessel from Europe. Hence capital is investment, and much of it is growing into new rai enterprises. Some portions of the United States, and espe- cially the Northern and Northwestern States, are pretty well covered with railway lines, but there is plenty of room for more in an extensive and rapidly the percentage of foreign wheat allowed | BT with native wheat. Further increases, it is believed, will be permitted in the near future. This opens the way for French millers to buy more freely in foreign markets. It is hoped that, in view of the shortage in France, some 15 per cent of the imports will come from North America. The amount which will come from the United States depends upon the relation of the Canadian 'he | price, figuring on the superiority of Ca- nadian wheat. ‘While it is too early to give final fig- Ada, the Tepresentative ot the Depati- al e ment of Commerce at Ottawa has re- An amazing statement, credited to one of the largest individual wheat farmers in the country (who has been “advising” Soviet Russia on agricultural problems), was made a few days ago. He referred to the Biblical story of Egypt and the seven fat and seven lean years, and gave it as his opinion that, as a safe- guard against possible future ‘“‘war, famine and pestilence,” the United States ought to keep on hand at all times a reserve of at least 150,000,000 bushels of wheat, of this country, which is a great em of itself, owners of capital have not overl portions of the South, which promise mlrmlmz visions of the treaty of Versailles. e 1f the French continues tmpossinie, Hendaen 1o e e of the only alternat remuneration of additional trans- | sire ger ssisifi;i N through one of largest cotton-growing regions of A line of (.;.“w" was <85S seist i