Evening Star Newspaper, January 11, 1931, Page 30

PETER PAN’S CREATOR REACHES THE AGE OF 70 Famous British Author Lives Quietly and Rests Literary (Continued From Pirst Page. t0 books, and cast his fantasies into tic form, , NO carelessness, no irrespon- sibility, no lack of shrewdness about Barrie:. He gave the public what was in him apd what McConnachie whispere: to ; but he never gave it anything g:e definitely did not think it would A friend far not al- reproached him Jowing the butler in “The Admirable | Crichton” to retain his dominance over the old aristocracy and get away wlt.hl the girl, Barrie his head. “The stalls wouldn't stand it.” he murmund.l But neither would Barrie (although that whimsical and irresponsible other part of himself he calls McConnachie might He always avoided anythin disturb cause consternation. world in the highest positions of trust. They are never among the rebels. One day Robertson Nicoll, a Scot and the British Edward Bok his day, spotted an article of Barrie's under a :eudonym in a Scottisif paper, and " fellow., of rved: “As a work of art it has great de- fects—wha ever heard of sicna woman subject to be jokin’ tell me Mr. Barrie' £ % EE% i i g : HH HEFEES L Ea any one else.” He the public would be moved he thought it would succeed. It Did Theatrieal Criticisms. He belonged to the Savage Club A ;:mw’rhel’lqymnxlnYork,And o § rights—and was to give new direction to his life. met Frohman, the dynamic impre- to keep Barrie writing T1] After Long Efforts. . saw he would never be able to draw her out. So she launched into a id disserta- tion on “Should Women as she made up and ended: “That’s all I have to say. You will use one of my prettiest photographs, won't wou? And now I must go.” She went. The little man drifted out in her wake. It was Barrie. He had come around only to congratulate the actress on the render- part. A legend attaches to that name. He was captaining a team of celebrities who were going down to play a local team on a vil green. In train Barrie found that some of his men knew the rudiments of the game. Still, they were full of confidence, and one of them Kk . “Intellect succeeds in the end.” Barrie doubted it, and asked an African traveler what the Moorish for “Heaven help us” was. “Allahakba,” said the traveler. “That shall be the name of this team” said Barrie. He kept the name for subsequent teams, But out of compliment to himself his playems turned it into “Allal One of most valuable items of\ Barrieana now is an illustrated pam- phlet dated 1899, entitled “The Al- lahakbarries Book of Broadway Cricket,” and dedicated to “our dear enemy Mary de Navarro” (the American actress had settled on her retirement in a Worces- tershire village where Barrie sometimes took his team to play). Haunted Kensington Gardens. He spoke at dinners, occasionally would be found playing billiards at the Garrick Club, but chief relaxation e agéf 3 H ?aga | ! 5 2 : ; i é i it il 2 I i (3 ) i §.~ i ] EE& ! i § : § ] 5 L i g EE 5y iéig £ s 3 ] i ] i g g %5, H i R F § B g%%%i T 8 i o f 4 roblem and almost giving up that he | ked through Scott’s diary again and | his eyes fell upon that last word “cour- age.” He, saild to himself: “If Scott could go on writing this record after he | knew he was done, and could keep it | ing | anxiously on his and make her not THE SUNDAY BTAR, WASHINGTO D. C,. JANUARY 11, 1931—PART TWO. Where Is America Going? Prof. George F. Swain Sees Great Era of Public Gonstméti‘on Just Ahead of U. S. BY J. P. GLASS. HE question of how the Federal, State and city ects of the relation of public constructic g o co! jon —that .eonmm‘mfiammm ries—to economic trends has lic treasu the forefront for a year, now. vernments <an aid in remedying through pub- been in Probably it is a question ‘that will not down. But to date consideration of it has been largely exigency unf crisis. What- due to the ever action has In _effect. We may now ask: period of sultis t, passes, attity of i erence, or will we formulas whereby public be made a sclen stablilizing economic functioning? of an unforeseen ‘has Will we, when the industrial activity, Tesume our former been temporary it th re- search for construction works can controlled factor for Conditions Held Favorable. I have just had Fillmore Swain civil engineers, from this matter are allowable: an interview with Prof. George of Boston, one of the country’s which two inter- relation to 1. That construction on & vaster scale than any we have know faces us in the near ing historically, at future—speak- d that we ought fo do everthing in our power to make it contribute to_human welfare in all possible ways. 2. Conditions favor this course more than ever before, because public more enligh is becoming ever itened and engineering d 18 entering more and more into the counsels of public progress. In this connection, Prof. Swain said: “The day of the engineer is approaching fast. recognition will be given to the fact that the man who can in- itly control and use the forces and ma- of nature for the convenience of man is the can be depended upon to The time is near when wniversal telli teri one who largest undertakings. Engineering Is Basic. “Ours is a great industrial Nation in become essential. The best scientific direction has surgeons. tion are correct, the increase The interview with for two reasons: First, because , and that relate closely to public venience. longer public service It has been tions as an engineer, fications in this coun and been the guide and mentor of a than he. . As essor of civil School in favor of engineers Prof. Swain was sought rubllc construc- tion work is the business of the eivil engineer. It ., , i the other jects comfort and. con- dly, no American has or more effective connection with such his lot that in addition to his opera- itions with wide rami- Canada, he has confined to his room direct the ai which grow edge “Increasing in number and and skill will for him, under with mankind in perfc to~be done. Others Add t6 Field. “As far as the civil engineer is concerned, every successful attempt of other engineers— electrical, automotive, chemical, etc.—adds new for him to solve. “For example, the automobile, product of sev- eral kinds of engineering intelligence, has con- fronted him with the tremendous task of te means for handling “In what ways” I asked, “will the solution problems have economic importance?” “To begin with, street and highway construc- tion will proceed on a steadily enlarging basis. Pacilities are inadequate now, and growth of 1 add to our difficulties. blems, of course, as city street cities are harassed by acilities today. The future will see costly but had & al number of these population wil P HIghwa: .:m.u ‘addresses at-the annual ban- Authors' Society, the explains why he is always effective. Seidom Makes Mistakes. He has been reproached for retiring, . | come of conditions which, s|Rio Grande PROF. GEORGE F. is in his seventy-fourth year, now, and by il heaith; but his in- terest in the progress of events is as virile as ever. ‘The intérview started with this “What will be the role played by in public service as modern civilization advs:.ces; aside from its importance mml{, what will it mean to the country economically?” “The engineer will have in the future that he has had in the past, replied Prof. Swain, “except that as civilization the problems confronting him will importance, and his knowl- be the more frequently erf= muhflm. the inventive genius of men, and o factors mnnnnul'mpply him with new problems. Literally, it impossible present conditions, to catch up forming the tasks mecessary remedial construction in most cities. In sections some, particularly large will be practically rebuilt. ones, ;whole “Subway construction in such centers, to- ther with the only provided for, as well as the the erection of double-deck streets, way out, for the future must be Dresent Civie Probims Many. “Aside from the traffic puzzle, we always have other situations des with. Citles do not of water supply and sewage their populations incre: tremendous necessary changes “‘One avenue of mean _extensive construction will ‘be the development of water power likely future on a to grand serve our fuel supply. The fuel, and enlightened public opinion nearer. The the building such work ‘Whether solutions to contend permanent solutions as long as ase. The future will see constrution projects as a result of in sewage and water systems. engineering work wr;t:hmu e scale, because of a desire to con- cost of ing action utilization of water. power means of dams, canals, flumes, aqueducts. come under head of public work, however, remains to be seen. It mean Government operation—at least 80 far as control of the sources of power would be concerned.” “Getting back to the matter of urban popula- tion,” T sald, facilities for ity the country improve, and hours of labor shortened. giving the worker additional time to and from his in the and are SWAIN. “That juestion : the eity. engineer and larger. to herd.” same part to ph{ rallway and and proper “While ou that need “We can pro- as “perhaps inadequate _traffic be extensive, tending it, in violation of efficiency and economy. putting motor freight trans raflways, where it belongs. “do you not think that as the transportation between the cf ‘work, more persons cities will seek suburban resi- Urban Centers Growing. happen,” said Prof. Swain, “but may the record of the past indicates that for every person qumm1 will be several the city for the country there moving from the country into urban centers will grow larger It seems to be the human insti ““What about the proposal of Gen. Atterbury of the Pennsylvania Railroad to co-ordinate motor traffic and take motor trucks off the highways? “That should come, by all means. The high- ways should not be used m buses, except where necessary. The is and always will remain, under normal by heavy trucks and conditions, the most modern and economical method of transporting freight, ex- cept for very short hauls. r future highway construction must there is no reason for overex- Can Save Highways. build highways within reason by rtation upon the ncidentally, we can save our highways a lot of wear, because there is no doubt that heavy trucks and passenger are largely responsible for the present rate of deterioration. “Incidentall to_taxpayers.” In his book, “The Young Man and Civil En- " Prof. Swain speaks of the engineer ly, this will mean a great saving the largest factor in national prog- ress and prosperity.” It is to be wondered if statesmen and men of affairs will make proper use of this asset in relating construction of public works to future economic welfare. struction approaching, action seems to Ppressing importance. With a great era of con- be of (Copyright, 1931.) IN LATIN AMERICA By GASTON NERVAL. A LOGICAL REVOLUTION. A:"AMA has joined the ewspapers announce, prised, that another American nation has over- thrown hér vernment and observers of political events. abroad wonder how the young Central Ameri- can republic has fallen into this epi- c revolutionary fever which is sweeping all over the Southern Hemi- sphere. I do not see why any one should be surprised. The revolution in Panama is only natural. It is the lolllcl‘: cgz- t o clared, have caused similar effects in other countries. It is merely another chapter in that long "ul;ir.i:l“ ;lnlent upheavals against dictal and cor- t administrations which bhas been ing place on the other side of the during the last few months, and which will continue to 0 on, irresistibly, until all the gov- ernments of those countries are again list. sur- Latin .| in_the hands of the people. Is there anything to wonder at in the fact that the neople of a nation nd | which has been made almost the prop- cold, and no one outside will quite know wh lge has not touched the ht of the new world which is coming: never attempted to ruffie the surface of accepted attitudes toward in the present. He has left the battle of lif to others, and has offered drolle charming fairy story, sweet tears tender smile as the balsam which . The i ik given up the Bat to cure the pain at his mother’s smile aga! f M;‘Picture Gallery Change Unearths “Old Masters”™ | Gallery has tant afternoon Sig. Mauceri, the new di- Out of his new theater contacts BOW | up until the peneil fell from his dying | rector, while looking over some pictures came & woman and romance. He had | asked his friend Jerome to find him a leading lady—young, lovely, charming, 2 genius and able to flirt. Jerome sent | him Mary Ansell. That story begins as | an idyll, with Mary n him through a serious iliness and wedding bells at | Kirriemuir following his convalescence, | and ended 14 years later in the divorce court. { ‘The world learned only the bar. fact | of the divorce from the newspapers, and this at a time when sensational divorces were meat and drink to every ' papers. They said they knew Barrie's divorce .was news and as such could not be kept out, but any playing up of the unfortunate case might shatter the | beloved genius, and editor, appreciati session they all shock 5 a man and only the news of the divorce | appeared, without details. Enters Theater World. fingers, I can teach myself to write with ' my left hand.” & And he did. He wrote “Mary Rose’ with his left hand and said afterward that there are that come down | your left arm that never come down your right. | Quit Books in 1905. | He stopped writing books in 1905, | devoted himsel{ to the theater. o plays came out every year, sometimes three pieces a year, right through the war. He tried his hand at revues twice, once for Gaby Delys. Botn were terrible, but_the latter was the worst. And then stopped writing altogether, except for a curtain-raiser two years later. He is very rich. He lives modestly, - mm-r?’fl ples ‘wor] every year. 't tra Lrfl in Winter he follow the crowd who seek the | southern sun. Once he did go to Cannes, | planning to spend the Winter there. But in a fortnight he was back. He, said to a friend: “It was all very well for the first day | or two, but after a week I felt that “i His life is qulet, but not quite hermit- . He is to be met art exhibi- i 1 .|of drums containing The there were no train and boat to take me, | has s|I would have walked and swam home | stored in the gallery ran across two valuable works, the existence of which was unknown. After a minute study of his finds, Prof. Mauceri realized that him a color sketch of gerrio, and a painting by an old lldyu:: noble blr:el;_ 3 reggio pain immediately was given a place worthy of its importance in the Raphael room in the gallery, while G\Kda Reni’s work was being graced with & new frame. Soon after the Bologna finds Oivita Castellana pro- duced a series of frescoes which prob- ably date from the thirteenth century. The was made in the interior of the church after authorities had or- dered the 'n:“;enln: of an alcove which had been led up when the structure was repaired in the eighteenth century. ‘The top row frescoes represent seven saints, one of whom has since been identified as St. James, while the sec- ond row shows the & with the Child Jesus, St. Catherine and several apostles. Artificial Fog Is Made To Protect Vegetables BERLIN (Special) —The generation of artificlal fog as & protection of early S tables against frost ybezlr’n‘mmh\fl! tried in the Vierlande, where most of the v for the Hamburg market are grown. ‘The results of these experiments are so favorable that fog:- ting appara- tus will be insf on. apparatus consists of a numi unslaked Sucl ber lime. erty of a few men—who exploit it "ld govern it to their own seifish §d- vantage and who have suppressed all traces of democracy and substituted for it an arbitrary, personalistic rule— is there anything to wonder about, I say, in the fact that the people of such a nation should have recourse to arms, when all other peaceful means of achieving representation have been exhausted? Is it surprising that the inhabitants of a eounc'rdy where governmental in- efficiency add to the already eritical economic conditions resulting from a world-wide depression should not hesi- tate to have recourse to force in order to get that which force alone has taken away from them: Individual liberties and an honest administration of their public income? Is there anything strange in this violent reaction against autocracy and corruption when revoiution is the only way left to regain lost cemocratic lib- erties? 1 must say once more something tI I have had many an occasion to repeat during the last eight months: Although revolution has often been termed a po- litical disease, in some cases it is rather a cure than a disease—an urgent cure, an unavoidable one. It is a surgical operation to eliminate, radically, the excesses of an uncontrolled misuse of power. HIGH FINANCES. ‘Whoever knew the conditions exist- ent in Panama previous to the rebel- lion, which has just succeeded, would have understood that a revolution was the only way out of a chaotic situation of administrative disorder and dis- honesty. A clique of three men who had suc- cessively, it is claimed, governed the country for the last decade with very little respect for the sovereign rights of the people, and even less respect for product of their taxes, were ar- bitrarily ruling Panama’s destinies, with the concurrence of a small and vicious roup of politiclans. The actual Chief Executive, it is claimed by his foes, was only an instrument of this political ‘hine, his predécessor, the man who mac] 3 had put him there, being the real force chair. and | to accept his election alone, will suffice to give a picture of this state of affairs, which had been A S R 3 mann e mu--wm officials tactics can easily be guessed. Con- , were awarded to com- ood or s finances. tects were turned down and a former business partner of the President called back from Europe at great expense and paid royally for his work. It was also decreed that all civil em- ployes of the administration should give u‘:z per cent of their salaries “for elec- T most varied nature of expenses, and the money deducted from the salaries of humble clerks served to pay for political favors or buy human consciences. In a | recent case it served to attract a retired | political chieftain by paying off his electoral expenditu in a campaign against the governmeént of two years before. In another, to give a certain amount of mopey to a member of the cabinet, Ilndl‘Fehm of buying an ex- pensive gift for the wedding of his daughter., And so on. CHIARI WON SUPPORT. It is charged this government corrup- tion had been going on for many years. When the reign of old President Porras was at an end, the younger elements of the Liberal party, thoroughly disgusted with the scandals of his administration and very much afraid of the possibility of his continuance in power, lent ail their support to Rodolfo Chiari in whom they saw the rehabilitation of the coun- try. Their hopes did not last long. In 1928 Chiari and Porras were bit- ter enemies. Porras attempted to get the support of the United States to again obtain the presidency by suggest- ing intervention, but he failed in his attempt. He then presented as a can- didate one of his closest friends, an the Liberal party, in majority in the country, was obliged to choose between this man, who meant the return of the old Porras influence of evil memory to the government, and the one selected by President Chiari himself, Harmodio Arosemena, who had never figured in P‘In‘bm:'xlle p\}l"i:.lu belo‘re. Once again puritan group in the thought that Arosemens, when elel::.:dy. would sever his connections with Chiari and give the administration they were hoping for, and they supported him in that bellef. This is how Sr. Harmodio Arossmena became President of Pana- ma two years ago. But once more they were disappointed. The new Chief Executive, according to his enemies, turned out to be an in- strument for Chiari to direct and em- ploy for his own advantage. All the Liberal personages of honest tradition, who were known to be opposed these personalistic tactics, were kept at a convenient distance. Among them was Ricardo J. Alfaro, leader of this group, who been feared by the politicians in power for his upright- ness and stanch character. Several times he had been mentioned for the presidency or the .nominal vice presi- dency of the republic, but self-imposed rulers of Panama kept him away, as Minister in Washington, for & number of years. Paramount problems pending between Panama and the United States obliged Senor Alfaro to accept this “diplomatic exile” and devote himself to the defense of his country’s rights. Finally, in 1928, the movement in his favor was such, after a brilliant record in the Washington legation, and after he had prevented the requested Ameri- can interventibn invoked by Porras' followers, that the loven"l‘ll;ll‘t clique had as Designate, which is only a nomi- ama, for the sole con- tingency of a_vacancy occuring in the presidency, Like Senor Alfaro, other prominent members of the party were carefully kept out of the.scene and the arbifrariness of rule continued its course, or Vice President, nal title in Pan: THE LAST ACT. Such a situation eou:d not last for- ever. supposedly democratic administration staged by a group of politicians had been going on for several years, but there is an end to every comedy. And this was boynd to be a dramatic one. The sentiment of public dissatisfac- tion with the tactics of the government. grew stroj last when the legal pmm of juggled in remaining two years of the Arosemena regime. Sr. Dugue had been Provi- sional President for a few days during Chiari's term of office and this dis- qualified him to be elected now, as the constitution provides that no one hav- ing held that post can be elected first designate during the two years follow- ing the period in which he served. The adroit friends of Duque evaded the law by postponing the election until after the 1st of October, when the two-year term act was severely crit- icized even by impartial observers and by prominent jurists in Panama, who realized the purpose of the maneuver .jand held that Dugque’s election, not having taken place at the time stipu- lated by law, was unconstitutional. ‘This opposition, intensified by the economic crisis, by renewed abuses of the government and the uncovering of new frauds, soon resulted in open dis- affection, at the head of which ap- peared active the Accion Comunal, an organization formed by prominent and honorable young people in the land. The cable reports have already given account of the armed uprising which took place several days <go in Panama City and forced President Arosemena to hand in his resignation. Before do- ing this, however, he was committed to appoint Senor Arias, the leader of the movement, secretary of government. In accordance with the constitution, when the presidency is vacant and the Desig- nate or Vice President is absent the sec- retary of government must be recog- nized as temporary Chief Executive. This was done, and Senor Arias, a man of great ability and unquestioned honesty, who never before sought or held public office, was sworn in by the chief justice. BETTER DAYS AHEAD. And here it is time to point out this original characteristic of the Panaman revolt: That it has been performed in what we might describe s: a “legalist! Arias was secretary of gov- ernment. the constitutional Presi- dent himself, and when the former re- signed he assumed office according to the law of the nation, and with the ap- proval of its highest magistrate, who swore him in. It is also following the same consti- tutional procedure that the Supreme Court of Panama, holding that Duque’s election as First Designate was illegal for the reasons explained before, has now called Senor Ricardo Alfaro to take the reins of government from the hands of Provisional President Arias. The constitution provides that when a new First-Designate has not been ap- pointed by the time stipulated by the law, the term of the one then holding this title is automatically extended. Senor Alfaro was, therefore, the legal Pirst Designate or Vice President of the republic, and as such the Supreme jo Court of Panam: asked hl‘:n of a has to abandon his duties as Minister to Washington and take charge of his country’s government. That the successful movement in Panama has the support of the great majority of the population is clearly evinced by the enthusiasm with which it has been hailed by elements of all Order has been mu and classes. ediately restored, and the country as a whole is preparing to co-operate the new government in the task of national reconstruction. A signifi- cant telegram received by Senor Alfaro from a group prominent Pana- mans expresses eloguently this sen- timent of public approval. It reads, more or less: “We congratulate you on the day of our uconj independence.” ‘That the. new regime counts upon the collaboration of the best people in the country is shown by ' persons prominent in social, intellectual, commercial and other circles alien to politics are being placed in the highest tive positions. The case of the new chief of the national police forces, an eminent and wealthy scien- tist, who has abandoned his position of director of hospitals to help in the mmlhhm‘. !nll of the new order of , is only one case among many others /which prove that the best of Panama is behind the movement. his statesman guarantees an of brilliant diplomat better times for ic | vated by his own life experiences. d | Way,” if revoluum':dun be such. Senor |JOBS CAN BE ASSURED SAYS BIG INDUSTRIALIST Cheering Message Tells How Steps Are Being Taken in Swope’s Organiza- tion to Protect Workers. (Continued From Third Page.) privilege of having him talk to me, about his plan for insuring his em- ployes against unemployment, one of the most significant developments of modern business: and as he talked I kept thinking back over those 35 years of work from shop helper to president, of the development of the man himself and how his own personal development had grown and expanded and kept pace with the incredible expansion and evo- lution of the modern world through this incredible generation of human exper- fence. It was just one more_ illustra- tion among the strong men I have had the fortune to meet that wisdom is the ability to utilize in all you say and do the experience and education of your whole life, And it was evident that in his most casual remarks as well as in the broad sweep of his general plans Mr. Swope was one of those individuals who is able to synthesize and utilize the labors, the thought, the experience of his whole lifetime. And may I digress to say that when a corporation finds a man Wi possesses that continuity of develop- ment and that habit and capacity of mind for synthesizing and utilizing on an instant’s notice all the best of his experience and education, whether he be shoveling coal into the furnace or is among your directors, there, and there only, is your future executive. Outcome of His Philosophy. And so it is obvious that this plan of unemployment insurance has grown up as a natural and logical product of Swope's experience. It is the outcome of his philosophy of life. And the most important thing about a man is his philosophy of life. It s for this reason that that interesting Englishman, G. K. Chesterton, says that it is more im- portant for a landlady to know her boarder’s philosophy of life than it is to know his income, for his philosophy of life will determine whether he pays his keep or jumps his board bill, whether he pays as he goes or lets the other fel- low hold the bag. And so it is more important for the employes and stockholders of the Gen- eral Electric Co. to know Gerard Swope's philosophy of life than it is to know his salary or how much money he has made or may make in the fature; and with | P his firet remark it was easy to see how his deep and abiding interest in his plans for making his employes secure in their jobs had grown out of his own philosophy and how he had put into it his own life of labor and experience. Before bescribing in detail his present unemployment insurance plan Mr. Swope discussed the general effect of unemployment on a man's morale and pointed out that there is something ter- ribly demoralizing about a man being out of a job. This grows more serious, he pointed out, to & married man and even more so to a man with children. Beyond question, thié keen apprecia- tion of the whole peyehology of the un- employed man was a reflection of his own early experiences, for after his graduation, in 1895, from the Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology as a bachelor of science in engineering he for several months was & resident of philosophy of Jane Addams. “My feeling,” he said, “about the in- security of the wage earner arose very definitely in my first job after I left Chicago, when I was transferred to St. Louis. By this time I had the responsi- Dbilities of a married man and I learned ‘what it means to wonder, ‘Can I keep my job?" and to go on wondering day after day.” h:s‘ ‘jmbflnh:f'dg insecure even when he & job, Mr. Swope suggested, moralization and fear become worse when he has actually lost his job and is in search of work. Here Mr. Swope pointed out the extreme difficulty of a man keeping up his morale when he paces the street day after day, espe- clally when he has a family and is com- pelled to come home at night gnd say to his wife with as much of an assump- tion of courage as possible that he has not been able to find work. There was little or no machinery in those days when Mr. Swope began, for laying sound foundation for a working mai or salaried man’s future. It is the fu- ture that most men work for, not for the present, and when that future has no assurance and a man feels he is Jjust a helpless cog in a big machine over which he has no control, it is obvious, as Mr. Swope pointed out, that he cannot do as effective work and can- not preserve the same integrity of pur- pose and solidity of character that, de- velops as a natural product when a man has a sense of security in life. Motivated by Life. It was, therefore, obvious that Mr. Swope's present-day efforts and atti- tudes as an executive were both con- sciously and unconsclously deeply moti- A man who had not come up from the ranks and also all along had those general humanitarian interests which Mr. Swope, has always conspicu-~ ously displayed could hardly have origi- nated this unique plan for insuring his company's employes against loss of their jobs. While living in St. Louis he was active in promoting the public play- ground movement and was appointed by the mayor of St. Louis as chairman of the first Public Bath Commission. Decorated, as he was, at the close of the World War by the President with the Distinguished Service Medal for his “foresight, ability, energy and loyal co- operation” in the “direction and super- vision of procurement, storage and issue of all commodities and articles of equi) ment and supply needed for the Army’ and also awarded by the Prench gov- ernment the Chevalier of the Legion of Honor; a director in at least 20 of the major corporations of America and Eu- rope and honored with a string of de- grees as doctor of science, doctor of laws, etc., by various universities, it was extremely interesting to discover some of the fundamental maxims that ex- press the economic and social philoso- phy of a man who has lived such an active, energetic and useful life and how they have influenced his practical policies. And of this I prefer that Mr. Swt:’pxe should speak to you in his own words: Based on Maxim. “Out of my experience in trying to unemployment insurance has come an increasing feeling of the truth of a very favorite maxim or linotw of rx::lne‘ that expresses a very large part of my philosophy both as an executive and as a citizen. That motto is: “We must do things with people and by ll;onle. instead of for people and to “The value of this attitude was borne in on me anew by our experience in trying to get our people to ade this plan, which we are now just out in our plants. It happened during the deression in 1921 that the workers in our West Lynn, Mass., plant voluntarily taxed themselves 1 per_cent of their mod- | wi develop a practical, workable scheme of | {hy weekly to provide a relief fund for their fellow employes out of jobs. This struck me as a fine instance of fellow human feeling and really gave me the thought that if ever to come to some method of ameliorat- ing the hardships of unmploymem of the i be gl were leas fortunate, if at the same time they saw company, as such. would co-operate and contril ., “Well, all this set me to thinking along new lines about ways and means of helping all our empioyes to help themselves and one a in times of unemployment. So we drew up a tentative plan and submitted to to the employes in a number of shops, and they turned it down. You see, {llustrates our confirmed we do not want to do le or for our le, but work | with them and by them for the best in- terests of all. In this case unless 80 per cent of the employes voted for it. it was not to be put into effect in that shop or department of the business. It was in 1925, at a time 'hm-&:l Temember, business was very good, that this plan was turned down. “It may have been the psychology of good times that led to the adverse vote then, But several months ago I m;‘z lua: old papers u;d went_over the whole thing again, and after discussion it was once more submitted to works council in each plant in stantially the same general 1925. If the council went its favor it was then submiti employes. Only when 60 per in its favor did it-go into some plants the vote ran 100 per ce and the average of all the plants been 79 per cent in its faver. Only in Trial Stage. “Of course, there are a great many details to the plan, every one of which has been worked over and over again, and it is, of course, only in its stage. We do not yet know how theorize; we £} ks aeifiéiéz H n accepted. matched with an equal contribution by the company, which means, of course, that the stockholders contribute as much a8 do the employes. “The company guarantees 5 per cent interest on the fund and pays all ad- tion costs for the first two years. The administration of the plan in each plant is in the hands of &~ committee, half of which is elected the employes and half by the .. ment, Inunlmlnblyahllofl’ he is entitled e o s ve hal time ings for a period of m'fl, the mnlr'mum payment hel.n"m_ $20 & week. There are provisions emergency contributions, which are made by ail employes from th t down, and ‘Our hope for this b?lle( that of plan lies in our it will work in the. direction the kers his de- | onl nd_therefore mand for lamps is greater. e Other General Policies, “Of course, we have a number of other general policies for —up,.‘- zlyymentwhfllmsmn fol- “When business is 1. Add new mflm as possible. 2.1mummm.mb- ents. 3. Use overtime where possible rather departments. < 4. Try to induce customers o iy for = Mabe ezt ¢ year plan on all . e WO goods based on lIast gl- t facilities previ- ously planned, our own men. 9. Drop new employes first, always with unmarried employes no dependents. 10. Inform all employes whether lay off is permanent or tem g T “‘Along the same lines giving & greater sense of peace ncunzh the minds of the workers, plans have- been worked out in the company for life insurance, where the company and- the employes both contribute, also plans of assistance to the employe by the company in building homes, facilities for stable and invest- ment of their savings, where the men: also take part in the management of- the company, and also & pension for their old age, where again as well as the company contribu “Plan Is Not Unique. “I might em| in conclusion that these plans are neither revolution- ary nor unique, but they are evidences of the fine spirit and sense of responsi« bility of an organization. I think we see an additional evidence of this re- sponsibility for the other-man that laying hold of the business way this present depression has r:c&ed upon the community in eval. = “To me the most gratifying thing about the present unemployment situa: tion is the way that it has ‘developed- and aroused public conscience. Never before have all classes rallied so gens hm!.lymd)oy\lbh to lend & hand. I ave never my experience known men so ready to leave their offices and sit up nights, if- man » 1 man to the executive, instead fore, ‘letting George do young and old, rie to ;én T think ful sign of this ‘h:'of it better machinery and ouf methods to prevent its recurrence, of to handle it should it recur, be developed.” Trouble on Its Wa Prom the New York Times, ‘You eannot help feeling y away :l?:n&lel have the '-% them. = . K ing to