Evening Star Newspaper, July 6, 1930, Page 4

A—4 PARLEY ON PACT -REVISION S SEEN Question of Agreements After. - World War Becoming More Acute. BY WILLIAM BIRD. By Cable to The Star. PARIS, July 5 (C.P.A.).—The ques- tion of revising the treaties which ended the World War is becoming more and more acute and this week has seen cer- tain indications that within the future the problem must be faced in interna- tional conferences. On this question Europe is divided into two camps. One side is headed by France and comprises all the so-called successor states—Poland, Czechoslo- vakia, Jugoslavia, Rumania and the Bal- tic nations. This group believes that mwmm to revise the treaties, par- ly as to national frontiers, would unknown ! opén & Pandora's box of troubles. The other side, which consists mainly of the defeated nations, Germany, Hun- gary and Bulgaria, to which Italy has| Joined herself in the hope of getting ad- ditional concessions that her Paris peace delegates overlooked, holds that terri- torjal and colonial revisions at the ex- pense of the nations in opposing ups are the sine qua non of any tful discussion of permanent peace. Duce Senses Opportunity. Mussolini, indeed, signed an article which was widely published in both Eu- rope and America, in which he sensed an _opportunity to make Italy the spokesman for this latter group of mal- contents. It is 2 curious document mer- iting close study, for after arguing that the European nations have no common enemy against whom to unite he goes on to say that Italy might favor such a uni- fication movement provided the peace treaties are first revised. This singular reasoning can scarcely be interpreted otherwise than as an offer to help pro- mote a European federation on the con- dition that Italy and certain other dis- satisfled powers obtain territorial satis- factions and may be considered as an amfiable salute toward Germany and Hungary, with both of whom Italy has long been flirting in the hope of get- ting up a solid opposition to PFrance's plan of consolidating peace on a basis of status quo. Some encouragement for this stand doubtless is given by the poor taste shown in the many German jubilations over the liberation of the Rhineland. ‘That the German people as a whole should rejoice that the last foreign sol- dier has departed is only natural. It is only natural also that the extreme nationalist factions in Germany should childishly thumb noses at the Prench troops as they departed. But the chauvinistic cries of triumph were singularly misplaced when it is remem- bered that France withdrew from the Rhineland five years before the termi- nation of the minimum occupation pe- riod and that the withdrawal came after long negotiations and as the re- sult of Germany's flancial concessions at The Hague in January. Signs of Unrest in Bulgaria. One cannot believe that the respon- sible statesmen in Germany will be lured into any revisionist movement launched by Mussolini today, nor is it thinkable that Hungary will believe that the hour has struck to denounce treaties and defy the world. But what about Bulgaria? Recent re- ports from Bulgaria show signs of a dangerous unrest against the back- ground of profound economic distress, and popular opinion seems to be ready for trouble. War as a remedy for eco- nomic difficulties is always tempting. Many people throughout the world to- day believe that a medium-sized war somewhere would aid business and help the socialistic tendencies in home poli- tics, Others, however, have different opinions, and among these for the mo- ment may be counted the les men of England, France and not to mention America. But the troublesome question of the Tevision of the treaties and the reparti- tion of these colonies will not down as long as any great powers have an inter- est in stirring it up, and that is why the writer may confidently predict that it will be the subject of important in- ternational parleys within coming months, (Copyright, 1930.) - ART SLUMPS AS RESULT OF WALL STREET CRASH 8ince Stock Break Canvas Sale Has Btopped Completely, Controlled by World Money Market. PARIS (#).—Within six months art- ists in Montparnasse, regardless of na- tionality, have come to realize that they :x;s at the mercy of world money mar- rmany, Since the Wall Strect collapse last November art has been in the dumps. The relationship of art to money had been lost sight of until the sale of can- vases suddenly stopped. Exhibitions were canceled and newcomers who hoped to put on their first shows this ear quietly postponed them until next n. The effect has been more striking $han an outsider can realize. Mer- shants in the n;l:hemil"x;: section Whg Stocked their shops with high-price goods still have them. Since the war the old Bohemia has lly been replaced by a new or- er of painters with motor cars and fine apartments. But now there is a reaction toward pre-war standards. GONDOLAS VICTORS OVER TAXI BOATS IN VENICE | JULY 6. Workmen are razing the buildings about the Old Brick Capitol, in front of the Capitol Plaza, to make way for the |new Supreme Court Building, which will cover this block. —=8tar Staff Photo. FARMERS PRODUCE MOVEMENT HEAVY Vegetables Greater Than This Time Last Year. combined forwardings of 35 fruits and vegetables exceeded the corresponding shipments of last season. Movement of these products, the Departiment of Agri- culture reports, was 40 per cent greater than the preceding week and 1,600 cars heavier than a year ago. Output reached 27,150 cars for the seven-day period, chiefly because of the heavier 1930 ship- ments of watermelons, potatoes, toma- toes, beans, peaches and Western de- | ciduous fruits. Watermelon movement alone exceeded 10400 cars last week and potatoes 6250, with cantaloupes and tomatoes requiring more than 1,700 cars each. Melon Prices Drop. Prices of watermelons dropped very sharply and suddenly, as heavy move- ment from Georgia was added to that from Florida and other States. firmness by the close of the week Cantaloupes were dull and lower in producing sections of Arizona and Cali- fornia, but sold higher markets: Tomatoes strengthened every- seasons neared an end. Onion markets were fairly firm. There was so much Western lettuce of inferior quality or condition in consuming centers that job- bing prices showed a very wide range. Crop reports indicate far heavier sup- plies of watermelons, tomatoes and onions available this Summer than last year. New crop apple shipments increased to 190 cars, of which Illinois furnished 115. The apple season opened in Dela- ware, Maryland and West Virginia. Movement of cabbage was down to 150 cars for the week, compared with 475 a year ago. Most active shipping States were Missouri, Illinois and New Jersey. First shipments were reported from Colorado and Ohio. Output of celery in Southern California decreased to 120 cars, while Michigan increased to 35 and the season began in Oregon. Cherry shipments were increasing and required 460 cars last week. Washington started 240 cars of cherries to market, Idaho 115 and Oregon 75 cars. As movement of North Carolina cucumbers dropped to 220 cars, the week's total from all States was only 315. Virginia furnished 30 cars and movement started in Maryland. California Shipping Grapes. Both Imperial Valley and the South- ern district of California were shipping grapes; output increased to 55 cars for the week. New York State was leading as a source of green peas. The week’s total forwarding of peas doubled to 190 cars, of which New York supplied 95, Ideho 55 and Washington 15. Orange shipments from California increased slightly to 750 cars, but were less than half as heavy as a year ago. California wxm and prunes were moving more ively and required 670 cars, com- with 260 during the same period Summer. —_— Portugal Assembles Navy. LISBON, Portugal, July 5 (#).—Con- centration of warships on the Tagus for the annual naval maneuvers be- ‘tn;l,n‘ next week, yesterday was in full sw The cabinet yesterday approved the naval ref.l:cemgnt greznm. Orders will be placed with British navy yards, for several new ships, for which funds it Association Defeats Project for De- velopment of Motor Boat Serv- ice on Historic Canals. 'VENICE (/).—Backed by public senti- nént, the Gondoliers’ Association has defeated & project by the municipal government to gondolas with Bpeedy taxi motor boats on the canals b _Venice. ‘The city government opined that gon- dolas were too slow for this speeded-up and that the faster craft would illusions that the pace of Venice was still that of the Middle Ages, but the howl that went up was convincing In its volume. The city decided, how- ever, to increase the number of water taxis and let the gondoliers prove their Fight to existence. So the gondolas and their singing, man-power propulsion will con- to ply the Canal and the other waterways of the city to the de- mof that portion of the population lives . off the pickings from tourists. MEXICAN CANDIDATES CONCLUDE CAMPAIGNS Revolutionary Party Is Favored to Retain Majority in Senate and Chamber. By the Assoclated Press. MEXICO CITY, July 5.—Candidates for the Senate and the Chamber in to- morrow's nation-wide elections wound up their camj tonight with politi- cal all parts of the country. ‘The mvolutimlz party candidates are favored to win the majority of seats in both Houses of the new : which me;t: u‘lexa ?;le:l:er. The um; con 2 Congress an Ortiz Rubio into the 3 are budgeted. Itally Maps Remains. ROME (P).—The army geographic section is preparing a map showing all archeological evidence known to exist in Italy. Various stages of civilization will be distinguished by colors. Round-Up Queen QUEEN LOIS Of the 1930 Pendleton, Oreg., Round-Up, which will be held 28-30. In private life she is Lois McIhtyre, a col- l-and expert h lege gir] e orsewoman. Forwardings of Fruits and| For the first time 'in many weeks the | DURING EXTRA | Californian Likes Fight Where Hope of Victory | Is Slender. |Naval Pact Offers Chance for Another Battle on Same 0Id Enemy. BY WILLIAM HARD. The central figure in the approaching | | special session of the Senate will be | Hiram Johnson of California. With Senator Robinson of Arkansas thunder- | ing at him from the Democratic side | on behalf of the naval treaty, and with | Senator Reed of Pennsylvania drench- | ing him with downpours of statistics on | its behalf from the Republican side, Mr. | Johnson will show that when Ajax de- fied the Grecian storm he was only a puny Mediterranean understudy to a real California battler with the ele- ments, Mr.’ Johnson, unlike Ajax, who vas Potatoes declined, as the Vir- | goddesses, implores no assistance, Di- | fights because he sees Mr. Hoover. ginia season got into full swing. Georgia | Vine or human. He has no anticipations | had no Mr. Hoover to see on the South- peaches were generally lower, although | Of succor. He walks on no stilts of hope. | ern Pacific tracks. He had no Mr. shipping points reported considerable | He confidently expects desertion and | Hoover to see when he saw red in the defeat. He is elated. This writer has never known Mr. | Johnson to calculate on victory. He is | clearly see victory ahead, he would be- | really aroused he needs to see before | him ‘an_unswimmable ocean or an un- | | climbable cliff. It should at any rate| | look so. 1t should look as unconguer- | | able as the Southern Pacific Raiiroad | looked in California in the year 1910, or | as the League of Nations looked na- ticnally and internationally in 1919, | Inspired By Devuhvu. Mr. Johnson has no adequate foe ex- | | cept the invulnerable and no adequate | motive except the impossible. He then | delivers a wallop which sometimes draws | | down from heaven the intervention of | | the gods and goddesses who like to see | | humans playing superhuman and which | thereupon sometimes goes to a win. | . Thus Mr. Johnson smashed the | Southern Pacific. Thus he blazed in the | | little constellation of “irreconcilables” | who smashed the League. Thus, when | that constellation of 14 on the Repub- lican side of the Senate shrank to four | in the course of combat against the | four-power treaty in 1922, Mr. Johnson | was one of the four. Against the South- | ern Pacific and against the League hel | won. Against the four-power treaty he | lost. He fought as buoyantly losing as | | he ever fought winning. Mr. Johnson has known inspiring successes. He has known devastating reverses. Devasta- | tion has. inspired him further. | His most majestic moment was at the | end of the futile fight against the World Court in the Senate in 1926, It is said | be his_sai JOHNSON TO TAKE LEADING ROLE SENATE SESSION SENATOR JOH Southern | always looking for help from gods and by the knowing today that Mr. Johnson He purlieus of the League and of the four- power pacific pact and of the World Court. It may well be that the spec- in terminal | persuaded that if Mr. Johnson could | tacle of Mr. Hoover may add momentum to Mr. Johnson's rush. It may well be where, as the Mississippi and Texas| come bored and disheartened. To be | that “internationalism” plus Mr. Hoover can_slightly accelerate Mr. Johnson. Anybody, though, who saw him on January 27, 1926, will admit that “In- ternationalism” by itself gives him a speed that is sufficient. May Be Unjust to Treaty. Seventeen senatorial votes—no more— were about to be cast on Johnson's side | against the Court. Johnson stood shift- ing his weight, as usual, from one foot to the other, like a tethered elephant, and shaking an extended forefinger up and down, as usual, like an oscillatory hammer. He was beaten. He was not beaten. He ended the failure of his ef- “Those of us who fought this fight will fight just as hard in the future for our common country and its preserva- tion.” Mr. Johnson in this coming special session of the Senate may be wholly un- ust to the treaty. He is wholly true to himself. He is fighting just one more New round against what he conceives to me old enemy. Nationalist he was. Natfonalist he is. Nationalist he will be. “Will “internationalism” ulti- mately prevail? He thinks so. Yet he fights it as if he thought he could down it. He fears his cause ultimately is doomed, and defends it fearlessly. He unflinchingly fights the inevitable. His opponents may disagree with his men- tality. They can give no disagreement to his manhood. (Copyright, 1930.) |ANTHROPOLOGY STUDENT , TAUGHT GRAVE DIGGING Harvard Scientists Instruct Men in Digging Up Safely Prehistoric Graves and Fragile Kecords. CAMBRIDGE, Mass. (#).—A labora- tory in prehistoric burial, with earther. graves as working tools, has been es- tablished in the basement of Peabody Museum at Harvard University. It is the newest thing in training young men for one of the most pains- taking tasks—digging up safely the fragile records of men who lived thou- sands of years ago. In the basement laboratory, in two boxes filled level with earth, each 7 oy o e P hropologists ypical su;ne".‘ue DA fipee c graves of n them are fossilized bones of = itive men. About these are d:plm of the priceless utensils—some broken, g‘l‘li‘:lefl'; M‘lh;l laid C‘:l S Afi‘lfl ool w‘%‘e e em. covered student ant] logist then di them up, learning how to be careful n‘:; how to detect the positions where such relics are most likely to be found. BALLOT URNS STUFFED IN FRENCH PARLIAMENT e Delay From Rechecking Eliminat- ed by Installation of Electric Voting Machine. PARIS (). —Stuffing of the urns in the French Chamber of m mmggflm?hfima-mm tallat of electrical voting, mnhini bit “The habit which some Deputies h: acquired of ‘loading the urns' with I::le- lots causes an hour or more to be lost in the recount and recheck every time 2 vote is taken in the chamber,” th pr:;r;mble of .‘tlhe bill reads. several occasions recently 1,0 votes have been deposited 'h:lr’l the“rg were less than 600 Deputies present. Defends Portuguese Language. Ribeiro, a leading educator, those who fear lest h‘l-ll’lh of m films displace ing as language of Brazil, that if. Y of our language.” talk- the NOTED VOICES COLLECTED BY BERLIN UNIVERSITY Phonograph Records Made by Na- tional Heroes Since Before War Are Gathered. BERLIN (#)—In the “spoken ar- chives” of phonograph records collected by Prof. Wilhelm Doegen, Berlin Univer- sity has a gallery of historic voices claimed to be the best in the world. Voices of national heroes from the beginning of the World War have been recorded for posterity beside those of famous men from other lands. The words of the aging President von Hindenburg and of Gustav Stresemann, late foregin minister, mingle there with those of Briand and Poincare of France and of Chamberlain and Lloyd George of England. Mussolini speaks for Italy and the haunting folk songs of Ireland may be heard. , The collection is being built up steadily BELOIT LISTS STUDENTS FOR MORE FIELD WORK| Groups Studying Anthropology Added to Expeditions on Duty in Wilderness. BELOIT, Wis. (#).—Beloit College authorities have decided to continue to send its students of anthropology out on real work in the fleld. Two more expeditions will leave as soon as an expedition now in Africa returns to Beloit. One group of four uates with & leader will go to New and another group to North i ORCHESTRAL DIN MAY REPLACE PEDDLERS’ YELL ISTANBUL leading alienist, Dr. Mazhar Bey, said that some of the city's ram- pant insanity and neurasthenia might be traced to the jarring cries of ped- dlers, municipal authorities have sug- gested that each of the city’s thousands Of streetb venders should procure @ musical instrument “significant of his wares.” Thu: egg. vendeuflm:gu cat drums, milkmen 3 , venders flowers nnslfimwun uthc sweet, call of violins, and junk collectors herald their advent with the tattered of saxophones. Because _'Turkey's EDUCATORS HEAR OF BIGENTENNIAL Col. Grant Cites Example of Washington as Inspiration to Patriots. If there are any doubts as to the American form of government there will be ample opportunity to study the ques- tion in the light of American history during the 10-month-long eelebration of the 200th anniversary of Washington in 1932, in the opinion of Lieut. Col. U. S. Grant, 3d, director of the office of public buildings and pub- lic parks and one of the two associate directors of the George Wi n Bicentennial. Col. Grant expressed this and other views concerning George Washington and the American Government in a speech last week before the National Education Association at Columbus, Ohio, which has just reached here. He sald Washington’s example has been “an inspiration to patriots and to friends of liberty and equality of politi- cal opportunity throughout the world.” Opportunity to Pay ‘Tribute. “The forthcoming bicentennial of his birth,” continued Col. Grant, “gives us in America an opportunity show whether we, too, have cherished the tra- dition of his achievements and have retained the respect for his high type of citizenship, without which we cannot expect our democracy to continue the kind of a country we intended it should be. “This opportunity is one which must not be lost or passed by. If there are doubts as to our form of government and if there be any reason to claim that our institutions today are out of sym- pathy *with the tradition and principles of the Government he established, let us, by a search of his writings and the expression of his thought, determine whether this be so or not. Inspiration is Advantageous. “‘Of course, with the much more com- plicated inter-relation between individ- uals in society today and the enormous growth of population, much more com- plicated Government administration and legal restrictions are necessary to solve our present problems than sufficed a century and a third ago, but we can well stop and look and listen with a view to determining whether political leadership today is inspired by the same wisdom and toleration and patriotism as made possible the compromises be- tween bitterly conflicting interests in the Constitution of the United States. ‘There is no better way of dispell- ing discontent, of meeting the various ingenious but unsound political panaceas that are daily offered as cure-alls for our troubles, or of counteracting paid propaganda for the subversion of our Government, than to fill our hearts and minds with the inspiration that can be derived from the political principles and practice of George Washington and the few other great men who collaborated with him in his great work.” ICELAND ORDERS ISSUE OF MILLENNIUM COINS One of Many Plans Adopted in Commemoration of Notable Event in Nation's History. The latest among the many ideas which Iceland adopted in commemo- rating recently the millennium of the Althing was the issuing of special coins, of different denominations. The coins, patterned after drawings of Iceland’s best artists, are made toree times the size of the ordinary corresponding coins and each piece was sold to the public in a special box. Altogether 10,000 10- kroner and 5-kroner coins were made from pure silver, while 20,000 2-kroner pleces were made from bronze. The value of each piece was indi with letters only. During the celebration practically ever motor car in Iceland had been enlisted to take visitors from | the capital to the scene of the festivi- | ties. Five hundred automobiles ran all day, taking 500 passengers per hour. | King Christian of Iceland-Denmark | went aboard his own battleship, the Nils Juel. Prince Olav and Crown | fort to resist the Court by acclaiming: | Prince Gustaf of Sweden arrived on their own respective battleships, the | Tordenskiod and the Oscar II. Eng- | land sent the Rodney, 35,000 tons, .and one of her most impressive men of war. | FAMILIES VIE FOR MARK IN COLLEGE ATTENDANCE One Group Graduates Eight From Oklahoma School, Second Counts Six. STILLWATER, Okla. ().—A contest for the college attendance record in Oklahoma is a sort of family affair, with two families far in the lead. A few vears ago the J. P. Hoke fam- ily &f Stillwater set a mark, when the {eighth member was awarded a degree by the Oklahoma A. and M. College. | This year Margaret Baldwin of Ana- | darko, Okla., was graduated from the |same school after five of her brothers and sisters already had been given degrees. | With six of the Baldwins that family is in striking distance of the enroliment mark hung up by the eight ‘Hokes. luated, COMMUNISTS GET PLANES | All-Union Society for Chemical and Air Defense Makes Presentation. MOSCOW, July 5 (/).—Fourteen air- planes built from popular subscrip- tions by Soviet trade organizations, today were presented to the sixteenth congress of the Communist party by the All-Union Society for Chemical and Air Defense. Phosphate Deposit to Be Auctioned. AALGIERS (#).—A phosphate deposit containing at least 1,000,000 tons will be auctioned by the Algerian govern- ment in September. The rock lies about 60 miles south of Bebessa. | Frank Ress (above) shot the Rev. Edgar R. Wood to death in his Niagara Falls, N. Y., and then ly mdflfl*lfle‘.mmm- ting in a pew. He blamed the minister for domestic troubles. -PART ONE. BUILDING OF AMERICAN ZEPPELINS AWAITS CONGRESSIONAL ACTION Air Liners Greater Than Graf on Blue- prints of Goodyear Corporation Now uilding Many Ships. BY EDWARD B. GARNETT. AKRON, Ohio, July 5 (NANA)— Just how near has America approached the realization of that dream of flying to Europe in a giant airship with all the comforts and luxuries of a modern ocean liner? ‘What have the recent flights of Dr. Hugo Eckener and the Graf Zeppelin accomplished in making this country more air-minded? Will the commercial airships be ready when the American business man is ready for them? And what about the construction of the big dirigibles for the Army and the Navy? ‘What is it like to ride in a lighter- than-air fiying machine? To find answers I was ed make a first-hand investigation. I saw in a magazine one of those highly imaginative drawings of the air- ship of the future with a story. The caption read: “Two.Days to Europe in a Flying Hotel—There will be ball rooms, elabo- rate baths, gorgeous bed rooms, sun parlors and promenades in these air minsters in which you will move swiftly over the airways of the world.” The magazine writer had a gift of &mlngimtion and had written dramati- cally. What was the “low down” on the future of airships? At the first oppor- tunity I would go to Akron, where these airliners will be built, and find out. A recent morning found me here, | seeking Paul W. Litchfield, president of the Goodyear-Zeppelin Corporation that now is building for the Navy another airship practically twice the size of the Graf Zeppelin. Mr. Litchfield has been here 30 years in various executive positions with the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.—from superintendent to factory manager, vice president and president since 1926. For 20 years or more he has devoted a large part of his time to aeronautics. He began with the manufacture of rub- ber_balloons. During the war his company made blimps for the Army and Navy. This led to the buflding in Germany of the large dirigible, the Los Angeles, for the Navy and, in 1924, five years before Dr. Eckener made his first successful overseas flight with the Graf Zeppelin, Mr. Litchfield joined hands with him and organized the Goodyear-Zeppelin Corporation of America, obtaining the | Zeppelin patent rights for this country. The Eckener of America. A well set up man of 55, ruddy face, gray-bluish eyes a mien of serious determination, mobile features in a countenance that can both smile and frown quickly, expressively. That's Paul Litchfield—the Eckener of America. “How many of the detalls of this startling magazine article are true?” The answer came immediately: “Practically all of them.” Do you mean that within the next few vears it will be possible, as these storles say, to go up in an airplane, hook on to a dirigible, be pulled up inside its hull, get out, walk along a corridor to a luxurious’ statercom and sail away for Europe?’ “Yes—possibly within five years; perhaps sooner than that. There al- ready have been successful experiments in boarding the Los Angeles from air- planes. The Graf Zeppelin has state- rooms and corridors. Commercial air liners of the future will be about as that magazine writer describes them— | although the magazine artist has drawn rather freely on his imagination for that picture. At least, it was not made from our blue prin “Blue prints? Then you actually have | such an airliner planned?” “Yes “When will you build it?” “As soon s Congress enacts the necessary legislationn to make the com- merical ~ operations practical. Right now we are building a dirigible for the Navy. It is larger than the Graf Zep- pelin. It is called the ZRS-4, but we shall christen it the Akron.” “When will it be finished?” “Some time next year.” “How long have you been working on it?” “About four years. That is to say, we began our designs in 1926. Our big dock, or hangar, was completed last December, but the construction of the airship and the dock had gone along simultaneously, so the ZRS-4 was laid down last Fall” I showed Mr. Litchfield a clipping which stated that the Goodyear Zep- pelin dock here is the largest building without internal columns or inside sup- ports of any kind in the world, and is covered by a roof so vast that the giant structure encompasses its own atmos- phere and occasionally causes the phenomena of providing its own rain— raining indoors when the weather out- side is bright and fair! “That is true” Mr. Litchfield said “You see. when it is warm outdoors the air within our big structure over its vast concrete floor—an area of 364,000 square feet, or approximately 9.1 acres —becomes warm and rises toward the roof, which stands 211 feet above the ground, or about the height of a 14 story skyscraper, for comparison's sake. “Then, when the sun goes down and it gets cooler outside, the warm air up there under the roof chills, causing the moisture it carries to condense, and down comes the rain. We've had mist frequently and sometimes nice little showers.” “T've heard it said that 10 foot ball games Bh 10 separate gridirons could be played simutaneously in the big dock. Would that be possible?” “Entirely possible. I want you to go out and see for yourself.” The Huge Dock. A 10-minute drive in a motor car | brought us in sight of the airship | “barn.” ‘The immensity of the building is awesome. I stood ‘gazing at a four- foot wooden fence that seemed to divide the huge oval in halves—cutting through the width as one ordinarily cuts a watermelon for circular slices. On the other side of the fence there | seemed to be suspended from that in- terior sky a gigantic metal ring frame- work, with criss-crossing metal girders like the intricate but regular design of a snowflake. And clinging to that metal ring, which actually is a serles of double rings, spider-like workmen climbed. On what looked to be a small park | bench, but actually was a 30-foot scaf- fold su.x:nded about half way from the top of Ting, five men were working. They apparently all were from the land %f tl.i‘ll,lpm, that Gulliver wrote about. ut no. Rather it was about two-thirds of the distance from end to end. Elevators that ran along segments of an arc—crazy fashion, like the lifts that carry passengers from the curved 7 ers of Eiffel up and over to plat lengthwise, one above the other like u:effibs of a mandolin, under the oval roof. ‘Temporary eross-bridges connected these platforms to the master ring, through which even now & huge balloon bag was pr . For the first “bay,” ;‘sltlsflllnd,o(amfllce,ofuw avy's new airship is nearing comple- tion and that morning was being in- flated with helium gas. We went up in one of the elevators to the topmost platform, 200 feet above %&ew floor, and from that 10| piles, ZRS-4, or Akron, now building, and the ZRS-5, which will be under way next | year. Each of these new airships will | have a length of 785 feet, a diameter of 134 feet and a gas capacity of 6,500,- 000 cubic feet of helium. The new Akron Zepq;un will be larg- er than the Los Angeles and the Graf | Zeppelin combined. It will be the larg- est_thing ever flown. The dock is & marvel of engineering and constructive skill. It was designed to accommodate airships almost three times the size of the Graf Zeppelin, as Mr. Litchfield believes that within-the next few years his company will be building them of 10,000,000 cubic feet capacity. The supporting girders of this vast semi-parabolic structure are not set on | or even imbedded in concrete, properly aking. Rather, they wcflzi on pivots, like the struts of an umbrella, | attached to sockets of steel in the build- | ing’s foundation. This is to prevent changing temperatures affecting the | steel frame and to allow for ample con- | traction or expansion, Its shape is very much lke an egg- shell with one end broken off. Around | this open end swing the huge doors. They seem to peel back like the skin of an orange, but actually run on a semi-circular railroad track, dividing at the center as they open and propelled around either side of the building’s end by two 125-horsepower engines. And it takes & financial outlay of $1.75 every | time_these doors are opened. ‘This new dock cost more than $2,000,000,” said Mr, Litchfield, “and the Navy airships we are building in it will cost about $4,000,000 each. How much larger the commercial airliners | will be we have not decided. But we | certainly would not have erected a plant | | like this unless we had great faith in the future of lighter-than-air craft for commercial uses.” It is no child's play designing and building Zeppelins, There are paten | rights costing millions to be protected. We had to show passports to many | guards before we even were permitted | to get within speaking distance of the | | big dock. Bringing Europe Next Door. | Mr. Litchfield 15 convinced that air- | ships within the next few years will | make Europe a next-door neighbor of the United States. He also firmly be- lieves that commercial airliners in the not very distant future will cross the | Pacific at regular intervals and that| air passage overseas will become merely | a matter of routine, both as regards performance and financial structure. | “We have gone far enough to know | that dirigible can be made a commer- | cially practical system,” he said. “It is| significant_that we have associated with | us in the International Zeppelin Trans- | port Co. such firms as the National City Bank and United Afrcraft & | Transport, as well as Dr. Eckener and | the Zeppeiin Co. of Germany. | “\We also are organizing the Pacific Zeppelin Transport, and as evidence of the faith in this new era of overseas air transportation we have on our board of directors a 100 per cent representa- tion by the mail-carrying steamship lines of the Pacific. Such men as Stan- ley Dollar, for instance, are on our | board, as also are representatives- of the Matson, American-Hawaii and the Los Angeles Steamship Companies. “Steamship owners generaliy are quite eager to co-operate with us, because they do not feel that air transport is in any sense competitive with their ocean | liners, but merely supplements them. Concerning definite sizes of the com- mercial air liners and plans for opera- tion, Mr. Litchfield said: “With an airship about 800 feet Jong, we plan to carry 80 passengers, a crew of about 50, and 10 tons of mail and ex- ! press. We are confident that with such a set-up we can operate at passenger rates approximately double charged by first-class ocean steamships. So, in effect, we shall be repeating his- tory. Steam tripled thé speed of ocean sailing vessels. Certainly the airship, even in its initial stages, can do as much compared with steam. And saving of time invariably means a saving of money. Z “The length of the new Navy dirigible, the Akron, will be 785 feet and the neight of the ship 146 feet, as against the Los Angeles' length of 658 feet and its height of 104 feet. while the useful lifting power of the Akron will be 182.- 000 pounds compared with the 60,000 pounds of the Los Angeles. “Our proposed passenger airships will be even larger. They will have a range of more than 10,000 miles, as against 6,000 miles for the Graf Zeppelin, and 4,000 miles for the Los Angeles. | “We are designing the Goodyear pas- | senger airships with at least 400 feet of promenade deck, and other luxuries and comforts of modern ocean liners in comparison.” “Will such huge airships be safe?” Mr. Litchfield was asked. “Just as safe as an ocean steamship. ‘The gas used will be helium, which is noninflammable. America has an abun- dant supply. While helium costs us $25 a thousand cubic feet, against about $5 | & thousand cubic feet for hydrogen, | there is an untold advantage in helium | | for safety’s sake. And also it can be re- | purified and used over and over. | © “Then, structurally, our new airships, | with their frames of duralumin, will be | stronger than any other dirigible yet | designed. Every part of the ship will | be accessible and there will be no place in the hull that cannot be reached, even while the ship is in flight. Thus, in- pection and repair work can be car- ried out at-any time and minor damage prevented from becoming serious.” “But if the afrship should be struck by lightning?” it was asked. “There need be no fear of lightning, contrary to general opinion. Records show only two ships to have been fired by being struck, and if they had had helium instead of the inflammable hy- drogen, even they would not have been | lost. Any damage to the hull of an airship such as we are building due to la direct hit by lightning has been | proved to be remarkably small and lo- calized. This is due to the fact that | every metal part of the frame is bondet |to another and the entire structure ac | The tei &> due. Deposits may be made on @ weekly, semi- monthly or monthly as you those | d ts | TURKEY AROUSED BY KURDISH RAIDS Reserves Ordered to Mount Ararat to Stem Forays of Tribesmen. - BY the Associated Press. ISTANBUL, Turkey, July 5.—The Turkish government has ordered addi- tional troops into the vicinity of historic Mount Ararat to stem the forays of new bands of armed raiders in Kurdish Turkistan. The situation is understood to be somewhat alarming, with the fierce tribes lurking in mountain fastnesses and giving much trouble to the Kemal- ist troops. At first the government relied upon 0,000 regular soldiers to oppose the ,000 Djels intrenched on Ararat, but incursions of the new armed groups brought marching orders for 30,- 000 reserves in Eastern Anatalia. The government also has bombed some of the mountain hideouts from | airplanes, since the progress of foot troops through the difficult terrain is slow. For a long time the Kurds, who are flerce and fanatical Moslems, have been hard to handle. The Turkish press be- lieves they have been prompted to thetr Iatest rebllion by the arrest of Sheik Selaheddi..e, now on trial at Angora He is the 20-year-old son of Sheik Said, who led the Kurdish revolt in 1925. The arrest of Selaheddine and nine aides May 23, on charges of attempt- ing to create an independent Kurdish state, was the first government acknowl- edgment, of trouble from the Kurds, al- though it had been going on for some time. The government is-still reticent about giving out news. Some of the insurgents are Persian Kurds who joined the border Kurds to aid their tribal relatives, and the Turk- ish authorities blame Persia for arming and provisioning them. The government ent a note to Teheran today, protest- ng against arming the hill men, and intimating that the raiders from over the border were responsible for most of the trouble. In some quarters there is bellef that the rebels obtained most of their arms from Soviet Armenia, the same persons saying that Soviet and Armenian sol- diers of fortune are leading the move- ment. GERMANY SENDS OUT SEAGOING SHOW BOAT Examples of German Dramatic Art to Be Presented in Impor- tant Foreign Ports. HAMBURG (P).—A seagoing show- boat, bullt to bring examples of Ger- many's best dramatic art into every important foreign port, will sail from | here next Autumn. The ship is owned by Marie Charlotte Steche, but the plays in foreign ports will be produced under the ausoices of | the German National Theater, Weimar. Twenty plavers will travel on the vessel which has been christened appropriately | “The Pro Arte.” It is a twin-screw motor ship with buflt-in stage and auditorium. ‘The stage is modern and the auditorium seats 500. Taking its cue from the Summer cruise of the Grfaf Zeppelin, the Pro Arte will head first for Spanich ports after which South America will'be jted. The prow then will be peint toward the United States. Ship Boys Hold Anniversary. | STOCKHOLM (#)—Ship boys of the | Roval Swedish Navy are this year cele- brating the 400th anniversary of the founding of their institutfon. The boys enlist at 15 and after 2}, years' tra. ing graduate as able seamen. | ning_charge. “This new airship for the Navy will have a high speed of 80 miles an hour and a cruising speed of about 70, ‘The commercial liner will be just as fast, although larger. It should cross the Atlantic In two.days—that is to -z. - | business man may leave New York Sat- | urday morning and be in a European | capital Monday morning. But due to the fact that prevailing winds are :- ward, the return trip usually will e | about three days. Service Over the Pacifie, “It may be that the first servios our passenger airliner will be a trip Hawaii,. which we should make in 36 hours or less. When more ships are finished for the Pacific the service will be extended to Manila, and we esti- mate that the Philippines will be only six days from San Francisco, .nmnni for stops. Returning, the airships wil travel by way of Toklo.” Mr. Litchfield was asked just how soon construction of the first airliner for commercial use would begin. “That all depends on what Congress | will do,” he replied. “The December | ;eu?slon should see some progress on the “We must have a merchant airship | bill, something that will protect our huge financial outlay, and prescribe and regulate overseas operations, just as the merchant marine is regulated and pro- tected.” | " The bill Congress is considering in | committee is the McNary-Parker act. | It_provides for the co-operation of the | Army, Navy and Post Office depart- ments in commercial air transport. It | tentatively has provided foreign mail | contracts up to $20 a mile for Ameri- | can-built and owned airships—meaning that the Post Office Department would | guarantee that sum for every mile traveled by airships that transport United States mail. Also the bill ine cludes provisions for subsidies for air- | ship construction and provides loans by | the Government to the dirigible manu- | facturers. (Copyright. 1930.) The Bank that Makes You a Loan with a Smile rms of Morris Plan Loans are simple and practical and fair —it is not necessary to have had an account at this Bank to borrow. Loans are pass- ed within a day or two after filing b e ey tions. MORRIS PLAN mnotes are usually - made for 1 year, though they may be given for any period of from 3 to 12 months. MORRIS PLAN BANK Under Supervision U. S. Treasury 1408 H Street N. W. " Character and Earning Power Are the Basis of Credit”