Evening Star Newspaper, July 6, 1930, Page 20

2 THE EVENING STA P ‘With Sunday Homlg( Edition. U e m— WASHINGTON, D. C. SBUNDAY July 6, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor “The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: nnsylvania Ave. e e e ¥ Ofce! eR!fll:m St.. London, w undays) .60c per month The Evening and Sunday Siar (when 5 Sundays) . e Sunday Star . Collection made at each rders may be gent in by mail or tel (Ational 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ‘Pally and Sunday 1yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ .§|llv only . ¥ri. "$6.00: 1 mo.. S0c unday only 1¥i., 34.00; 1mo., 40c All Other States and Canada. ily and Sunday..1yr., $12.00; 1 mo., §1.00 aily only .. $8100: 1mo. 73c unday only $5.00: 1 mo.. B0c Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Assoclated Press is exclusively entitled $o the use for republication of ail news dis- tches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local rews ublished herein. All rights of publication of ecial dispatches herein are also reverved. Fact-Finders for the House. . In the course of the protracted dead- Jock between the House and the Senate over Disirict appropriations during the session Just closed efforts were made ™ secure enactment of a resolution providing for the creation of a fact- finding committee ' or commission to determine the equities of Federal con- tribution to National Capital main- tenance. A measure to that effect had ‘been introduced in the House by Rep- resentative Moore of Virginia, contem- plating & study of fiscal relations between the District and the Govern- ment by representatives of both houses and others. Similar resolutions had been introduced in the Senate. None of these was acceptable to the House managers of District fiscal legislation, who demurred to the sharing of any fact-finding inquiry with others than members of the House. Immediately after the adoption of the conference report on the District bill on Thursday Representative Simmons, chairman of the District appropriations subcommittee, called up and secured the adoption of House Resolution 285, _which provides for the appointment by the Speaker of a select committee of w®even members of the House “whose duty it shall be to investigate the vari- ous elements, factors and conditions which may be deemed pertinent and éssential to the accumulation of data and information bearing upon the ques- tion of fiscal relations between the United States and the District of Columbia.” This select committee is to recommend to the House what #mount in their judgment the United States should contribute annually to- ward the development and maintenance of the municipality. During the session much was said in the course of the House discussions of the District bill about referring the question of fiscal relations to a “packed” committee, Not unreasonably the House objected to any reference to a commis- sion partisan to the District. But in the end the House, refusing to accept ®ny form of joint commission or com- mittee, proceeded to name one of its own, which even if not “packed” is likely to be influenced by the persistent procedure of the House during the last several years of lump-sum appro- priation. This is far from being the sort of fact-finding joint committee that the District hoped would be named, far in- deed from the sort of advisory body that the House itself should wish to creale in order to determine the equities, equity is the object of the lower branch of Congress in dealing with District “matters. There is no particular objection to the House informing itself through its own membership for its own edification -~or entertainment. But there is objection to the House naming a committee of | this sort ostensibly for the purpose of | determining equities and then resting upon its report if favorable to continu- ance of the arbitrary lump-sum pro- oedure in justification of further limit- ing of the Federal contribution. Indeed, the case is not changed at all with a strictly House committee functioning. ".. It may be that the House committee of seven will be so constituted as to be capable of making an inquiry quite in- dependent of the prejudices generated by previous procedure. It is possible; that the Speaker will choose seven | members with fully open minds on this subject. A report from such a body | 1n favor of a return to the substantive law would be more effective, indeed, | than if rendered by a joint committee. ‘That is the possibility toward which the _District’s hopes now turn. o A cessation of crime does not mean fest for the police, who have enough flues on file to keep them attentively ‘©ccupled for months to come. ————— 3 Briand Strikes a Snag. " There is many a slip ’twixt the cup and the lip, in international politics, &s | In the lesser concerns of life. M. Briand *has just made that discovery in con- _mection with his grandiose scheme for 4 United States of Europe. Enlighten- ment comes to him from the Nether- “Tands. “ The Dutch government has notified the French foreign office that the ground has not yet been sufficiently prepared for a federation of states on the lines proposed last year by M. ‘Briand. The master of the Qual d'Orsay recently submitted his project can be lowered for the common good without infringing upon ticklish politi- cal problems. To bring order out of Old World tarift chaos and conflict is, in Dutch opinion, Europe's para- mount issue and task today. In recent weeks, with many countries registering anxiety and anger over the new American tariff, there has been a recrudescence of {all talk about how Europe could and would unite to “smash” Americen trade. The Dutch Teply to the United States of Europe dream speaks volumes, What it means is that the Briand enterprise, whether it be aimed directly or indirectly at the . | Colossus of the West, is still a theory and that much water will flow beneath the bridges of both hemispheres before 1t can be translated into a condition. Wakefleld Workmen. One reads in the daily press how a foreman and several skilled journeymen brickmakers will go to Wakefleld Planta- tion, on the lower Potomac, there to manufacture the handmade bricks which are to be so essential a part of the restored manor house where the Father of His Country first saw the light. These skilled workers have been making similar bricks for the restored anclent houses at Williamsburg, Colonial capital of the Old Dominion. They are being loaned by John D. Rockefeller, jir, “angel” of the latter project. The bricks will be made on the spot and of a fine clay there available, which was utilized to make the first house of Wakefleld. Similar splendid clay de- posits were scattered at frequent inter- vals throughout Virginia and Maryland, which leads to the fact—one often con- tradicted by fanciful tradition—that practically all the bricks used in the Middle Atlantic colonies did not have to | be and were not imported from Eng- land, Holland or anywhere else. In the early chronicles of these colonies occur frequent references to fine clays and requests for the importation of skilled brickmakers to use them. Those who have delved into the rec- ords and the facts make frequent men- tion of this beneficial situation. In “The Chesapeake Bay Country,’ by Swepson Earle, conservation con:mis- sioner of Maryland, occur such items as “To making bricks, as per agreement,” such and such an amount per thousand. “There is a pleasing but improbable tradition that the bricks of this-and- that house or church in Tidewater were brought from England,” states Paul Wilstach in his “Tidewater Virginia,” “but such importations were few; non- significant by both the records and the logic of the situation. Nearly every- where in Tidewater are deposits of ex- cellent brick clay and such material was, literally, ‘as cheap as dirt.’ Ships out of England were small and in them every inch of space was needed for the stowage of manufactured articles of every character.” “They went out laden with tobacco and came back | loaded with fineries and luxuries, furni- | ture, books, wines, spinets, huntsmen's saddles, coaches and all the parapher- nalia of a dignified and cultured luxury.” “Mistakes prevail in regard to these and similar restorations,” says Charles Moore, chairman of the Fine Arts Com- mission, in his latest book, “Washing- ton, Past and Present,” in a discus~ sion of the restorations of certain of the old structures of William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. “The bricks were not brought from England, but were made in this country, usually not far from the spot where the build- ing was erected. Again, Hessian pris- oners did no decorations in America, 8o far as is known. It is too bad that persons showing historic buildings to visitors cannot seem to keep to the if | truth, which is much more interesting than their fiction.” In another chapter, describing the first opening under President Jefferson of Pennsylvania avenue, until then only designated by lines on L'Enfant’s plan map, he tells how the ukase “Move your brick-yards” went forth to the occupants of the territory to bs in- cluded within the street. Notice the plural. And yet one hears at recurrent intervals the yarn that a certain build- ing in Georgetown, or the “Foggy Bot- tom,” was bullt with bricks brought from Europe. In the cases of future persistent claims as to this-or-that ancient struc- ture having been bullt of imported bricks, it is advisable that documentary proof be presented. For there were, indeed, very occasional instances. If such proof be not forthcoming, the chances of the truth of the assertion are perhaps 1,000 to 1; the matter should be laughed off by the listener, while the teller of the story ought never to repeat it. ————— ‘Tammany orators fear disorder as a result of divided opinion on prohibition. ‘Tammany has had many old experi- ences which by this time should keep it from being seriously disturbed by the possibility of a little rough work at the polls. — The face of George Washington carved on Mount Rushmore can be seen for miles. Sculptor Borglum has managed to achieve & bigger, if not necessarily & better, George Washington, ————— Holiday Casualties. Compilation of the casualties of Independence day discloses that so far as reported there were in the United States twelve fatalities from fireworks, eighty-one in automobile accidents, fifty-seven drownings and twenty-eight deaths from other causes. This is a total of one hundred and seventy-eight lives sacrificed in the keeping of the in a formal memorandum for the con- sideration of interested powers. Diplomatists are trained to discern “ brightness in even the darkest clouds, which explains why French officials "find the Netherlands' attitude ‘“en- fGouraging.” The Dutch authorities “Taise the obvious point that continental ~groupings, such as M. Briand designs, -might, in practice, “aggravate differ- “7énces between continents.” Undoubted- ly The Hague government is ©f a possible Pan-American league of ‘states which might be forged —and lorced—into existence by a European confederation transparently leagued for _politico-economic purposes. ) The Dutch conjure up yet another ‘objection, which at a flash reveals the -difficulties and complications with which Athe plan bristles. Briand has pro- holiday. The fatalities from fireworks have diminished in recent years to a small percentage of the total of holiday deaths. Automobile accidents are tak- ing an increasing number. Drownings are fewer in number. A tabulation of the casualties of three years on Inde- pendence day shows a steady increase in automoblile fatalities and a similar decrease in drownings. The cause of the increase in auto- mobile casualties is not far to seek. Every year more people take to the road on a holiday. The increase in motors is greater than the increase in road space. Collisions are consequently more numerous. Machines are better built than ever before, but apparently driving 1s not so skilled or eareful. A factor of the increase in automobile casualties at holiday time is the greater ~posed that the United States of Europe | number of immature drivers who take -should be based first on a political cmecord and then upon economic “igrounds. Holland declares it to be her - to the roads on such a day, Boys and mmdflv&mumh— fore. To them, especially to the boys, THE SuUNDAY R ]oplmon that European customs duties | the holiday is & time of sporting com- petition on the highway. They are out for speed and not for mere transporta- tion. If the eighty-one automobile fata'illes recorded yesterday were an- alyzed it would probably be found that the majority of them were due to the reckless driving of young people. In one respect Independence day celebration has improved greatly. That is in the matter of fires. The cost of the observance of the anniversary in terms of burned buildings is much less proportionately than formerly. This may be due to better building or better policing, perhaps to greater care on the part of the celebrants. More likely, however, it is due to the improvement in fire-fighting service, motorized equip- ment being more speedy and efficient in reaching and quenching outbreaks of fire. But with all the improvement in re- spect to fireworks casualties, the coun- try still pays a heavy toll for its ob- servance of the National Birthday. The twelve lives that were lost on Friday were utterly wasted. Yet the waste of life is no more flagrant in that category than in others. Fifty-seven persons lost their lives on the holiday by drowning, probably all of them the result of in- adequate training in the water. Swim- ming is now taught in the schools and pools are available everywhere for the learning of this most essential art. There is no reason why every child in the United States should not be ca- pable of maintaining itself in the water. Gang Law Prevails in Chicago. A Chicago gangster named Foster, a.tested in Los Angeles with others in & round-up, is indicted by a Chicago grand jury as the slayer of Jake Lingle, the reporter who was “put on the spot” a few weeks ago. At just about the same time Jake Zuta, reputed lieuten- ant of the Bugs Moran gang, arrested some days ago with several others of his ilk on suspicion of being connected with the Lingle killing, was released on bail, and, at his urgent plea for a police guard, was being escorted to his home by an armed squad. A band of gangsters met the escort in the brightly lighted “Loop™” and opened fire. Many shots were exchanged, the net result of the fusillade being the death of a street car motorman and the wounding of a by- stander. Zuta and his companions es- caped in the confusion, and at latest accounts had not been located. It is evident that Zuta is suspected by his former gangmates of being willing to “spill” to the police. He must be put away. There must be no help for the authorities in the prosecution of Foster, when he is returned from Los Angeles on extradition. And the question is now being asked in Chicago why Zuta was granted release on bond? Why, if he was in such peril from his own gang, he was, even with an escort, sent forth to meet attack? Are the cell accommo- dations in Chicago inadequate to keep such precious ones safely? The gang warfare has not been checked by the unusual activities of the police following the Lingle murder., No reassuring progress has been made to- ward the maintenance of order. It is not at all assured that Foster, if he is in fact the slayer of Lingle, will ever be convicted. Indeed, there is no assur- ance that he will be tried. He may be himself “put on the spot” by his gang to prevent his possible dis- closure of any facts relating to the Lingle killing. The gang has set up its own aystem of law and punishments, and the statutory law and the official constabulary and judicial system are set aside. [——————— It is rumored that Chicago had an unexpectedly quiet Fourth of July, gang- sters regarding American independence as too small & matter to call for am- munition. Political corruption is charged against Carol of Rumania. In some royal circles “the flower of the family” is not held under obligations to qualify as “the pink of propriety.” - A naval treaty is a matter of s0o much world importance that statesmen must be patient if it asserts precedence even over the golf game or the fishing trip. - SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Day of Rest. Sunday is a day of rest When all the world is at its best, So presently I may be seen To chase a golf ball on the green. Perhaps I'll heed the thrilling call To witness tennis or base ball, And sympathize with churchmen grave Who tell us how we should behave, A hand at bridge may be my wish. 1 may pursue the silent fish, And quite forget in sportive zest That Sunday is a day of rest. Standing His Ground. “You have conducted several investi- gations?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum, “and in every instance I am holding my own. I still know just about as much as when I started.” Jud Tunkins says & Communist wor- ries & man by trying to convince him that he hasn't already got trouble enough. Prospect of Repose. Although perplexities arise, ‘We'll feel a sense of cheer. The fireworks will not bring surprise Again for one more year. National Development. “You have helped to make a fine little town of Crimson Guich.” “With the assistance of Chicago,” an- swered Cactus Joe. “Opportunities for gunmen got so limited here that they all went East.” “Treachery,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “hurts more than open at- tack. A good enemy is better than a bad friend.” [Evanescence. The speech that seemed & grand display Of rhetoric proves a slacker. The orator, will have his day. So will the firecracker. “When a candidate shakes hands,” said Uncle Eben, “he has de best of SiaR, W aoitiivu o, JUasn B ot “FOLLOW MY LEADER” BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES 'E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washington. Text: “Jesus went before them, and as i " followed, they were afraid.” —St. Mark, .32, There was a game that most of us knew in our youth that had the en- gaging title “Follow my leader.” Ifthe leader happened to be adventuresome and daring we found it difficult at times to follow him. The real joy of the game was in the effort that some of the fol- lowers put forth in seeking to avold difficult and seemingly perilous move- ments. All through life, in one form or an- other, we are playing this game. From start to finish we are the followers of some leader. “Heroes and hero worship” expresses a universal human tendency, and it is good that this is so. A “go-it- alone” policy renders us insular, indif- ferent and incapable of high attain- ment. At the beginning of life, and, indeed, ‘far along the way, the best leaders must be the parents in our homes. The trust and confidences we re- role in them are never equaled in after ife. Later along the way chosen friends and counselors come to fill an impor- tant place in our lives. We have our carefully selected teachers, those guides in things intellectual to whom we look for mental stimulation. We have our leaders in every sphere of action and they do much to shape our thinking and to determine our course. Let us hope we also have leaders in things spiritual, men to whom we look for the interpretation of the deeper values of life. The real test comes, whether in youth or our later maturity, when to follow our chosen leader calls for self- imposed discipline and sometimes per- sonal sacrifice. ‘The men Jesus called about Him to be His disciples were men who came from the lowly walks of life. He did not choose them from the schoolmen or from circles that were exclusive. Their piigrimage with Him was brief in its duration, but every day of it was filled with experiences of incalculable worth and significance. ‘That they were un- able to understand many of His utter- ances and that they were incapable of realizing the mighty concerns to which He was committed is clearly obyious. Repeatedly, they not only misappre- hended the purpose of His ministry, but they failed to follow Him when He himself needed their companionship. This was especially true toward the close of His ministry. So long as He gained popular favor, so long as He held the multitudes by His preaching or bewildered them by His miracles, they could follow in His ways. When the shadows began to fall and when the gathering conspiracy to destroy Him was beginning to disclose its malevolent purpose, they hesitated and faltered. In the above text we read: “They were in the way going up to Jerusalem; and Jesus went before them; and they were amazed; and as they followed, they were afraid.” It was an ominous statement that followed where He said: the Son of Man shall be delivered unto the chief priests, and unto the scribes; and they shall condemn him to death.' It is little wonder that these words not only amazed but depressed His dis- ciples, They falled Him in the great crisis. No more tragic word is written concerning Him than this, “They all forsook Him and fled.” To follow the leadership. of this supreme Master is not always to pursue the line of least resistance. As a matter of fact, the sheer heroism of Jesus demands & like juality in His followers. If He is worth ollowing when the way is easy, where His companionship adds a touch of luxury to life, He is more worthy of fol- lowing when doing so entalls incon- venience or the sacrifice of ease. It is aafe to say that the true value of fol- lowing His leadership is more con- spicuously disclosed when it involves us in ways that are difficult, and in trials that test us to the utmost. To be able to say, ough He slay me, yet will I trust Him,” is 10 bear true witness to our devotion as His disciples. That is & fine phrase that Bernard Shaw struck off: “What a man believes may be ascertained, not from his creeds, but from the assumptions on which he habitually acts.” We must disclose con- fidence in the leader we follow. New Veterans’ Pension Law Will Call for Considerate Enforcement BY WILLIAM HARD. “More than 2.000.000 disabled World War veterans will file claims under the ‘pension’ provision of this bill.” says Sen- ator Robsion, Republican, of Kentucky, speaking of the new veterans' compen- | sation law in its administration form. All calculators here agree that the number of applicants for relief under the new law in any form will mount up into many hundreds of thousands and | will thereupon greatly increase not only the number of veterans compensated and satisfied, but also the number of them rejected on claims for compen- sation and consequently discontented. ‘That is the fundamental reason why | the new law is regarded by the best opinion here as bei only one more stage in a development toward newer and broader laws in the future. The new law has been produced primarily by the discontents and agitations of | veterans whose applications for relief under existing legisiation were rejected, often with whips of maddening red | tape, by the Veterans’ Bureau and the controller general, * ok k% ‘The new law, since it vastly widens the opportunity for applications, will also necessarily vastly widen the oppor- tunity for just or unjust bureaucratic rejections of them. In every congres- sional district of the United States the number of veterans thinking themselves to have been badly treated by the Vet- erans’ Bureau will be largely muitiplied. The political pressure thereupon for the broadening of the law will become irre- sistible. First, the scale of payments for disabilities will be increased, and then finally allowances will be granted simply for World War service, frre- spective of disabilities. That is the pros- pect which the events of the last two weeks have firmly established in the minds of the solidest students here of veterans' affairs. ‘There are now some 4,300,000 World ‘War veterans living. Some 370,000 of them have been getting allowances for disabilities contracted, or reasonably presumed to have been contracted, dur- ing war service. * x %% Several hundred thousand more have claimed such disabilities without being able to substantiate them under Veterans’ Bureau regulations or under controller general decisions. This writer is aware of one application rejected because, al- though tuberculosis was proved by an | X-ray picture of the appropriate re- quired date, the doctor who made the picture could not accompany it with a statement. He was dead. Such rejections, al really necessitated by law, but pro- ducing genuine hardships and obvious discriminations, drove the American Le- with rejections erate scheme for removing hardships and discriminations without in any way changing the basic principle of grant- ing compensation only for disabilities probably or presumably connected with World War service. The cost of the scheme to the Federal Treasury was not more than $35,000,000 & year. The country should know, not as a surmise or as a comment, but as a fact, that the subsequent and present enlarge- ments of that cost and the adoption of schemes which will lead straight on to tremendous enlargements of it in the rapidly approaching future have been due essentially not to the clamors of veterans, but to the exigencies of poli~ tics. L ‘The instant historical truth is that each political party took the American Legion scheme as a mere political springboard, from which it could do fancy dives into the Treasury amid po- litical applause. This competition ul- timately involved the President himself. Starting his administration as an advo- cate of allowances for service-connected disabilities only, he now, in order to escape from es which he dislikes more intensely, is the zealous promoter of allowances for all disabilities, whether contracted during service or after it. ‘The route along which we are trav- eling is the route blazed for us by the aftermaths of all of our previous wars, but the is much faster. The period which elapsed between the official clos- ing of the Revolutionary War and the time when the Revolutionary War vet- erans got their first allowances for dis- abilities not connected with the war was 35 years. The similar period for the Civil War veterans was 25 years. The similar period for the Spanish War vet- erans was 18 years. The similar period for the World Wl: V:'E;‘nl is 9 years. * ‘This acceleration of pace has doubt- less been occasioned by prompter com- munications in the course the ad- vance from stage coach to railroad train to telegraph to radio. Prompter wx:n;mnl;ng&m inevitably lead g quicker a lons. They are expected be quicker and quicker and more and more inclusive of a total assembled listening Nation as time goes on. Our Revolu- tionary War and our Civil War gave us first a system of allowances for war- time disab and then a system of allowances for all disabilities de bet. He ain’ got nufin’ in his hand | Eht, pe! an’ I's got a vote in mine.” But What a Name! From the Terre Hauts Star. ‘The rush of tourists to Reykja the ization et m w" mnu to anniversary, , Tce-) for 50 years. In the case of the World War it may arrive, it is calculated, within 25. The average age of our w«x}: ‘War \ml:r’:nl L then be u.“ people here who are this m“:&a. not oratorically, m:.. ArTive] a5 s fat eivice peosion syeiem at a for World War veterans can be post- I sign and further extension of the eight- poned only if our Veterans' Burean is allowed or compelled to administer the present new disability allowance sys- tem. not bureaucratically and with ex- | asperation to the veterans, but hu- |manely and with reasonable satisfac- tion to them. * ok % ‘We have come to our present new ex- pensive law largely through the conse- | Quences of wooden bureaucracy feeding | inflammable politics. The 370,000 World War veterans now drawing compensa- |tlon for service-connected disabilities through the Veterans' Bureau are cost- ing the Treasury approximately $200.- | 000,000 a year. Occasional grievances of veterans who were harshly denied such compensation by the Veterans' Bureau led first to the successful demand that, when ill, they should, at any rate, have the right to be admitted to Government | hospitals. That was the first break in | the dam of principle of relief confined to admitted war-time disabilities only, It | was caused by distressing instances of injustice. | The new law will presently be fur- | nishing compensation to perhaps half a million of additional veterans at a cost | which will soon approach a hundred mil- lion additional dollars annually. The pre- diction is freely circulated here that the | hundred million dollars in question will rise within a few years to five times that sum under new legislative generos- |ities unless the present new law can be | administered without filling every con- gressional district of the country with tales of red-tape grievances inflicted | and unredressed. (Copyright, 1030.) e Motor Industry Suffers From Trade Reprisals BY HARDEN COLFAX. Sales of American automobiles in for- | eign countries are dropping off swiftly, according to reports to Federal au- thorities. I.ast year more than a mil- lion American cars were sold abroad. Sales in 1930 apparently will fall far be- | low this figure. Nations in Europe, said to be dis- | gruntled over the provisions of the new {Amencnn tariff act, have seized upon | the automoblle trade as the first point |of attack on American trade. The importance of this is readily ap- | parent. The producers of automobiles in the United States have already sold cars to one out of every five persons in the country. The saturation point has not been reached—in fact, it is far dis- tant—but the fact that one in every five persons already owns a car is likely to curtail further sales, especially in periods of financial and business de- pression. On the other hand, foreign markets offer a comparatively new field, uncrowded as yet. * x k% Last year the industry produced 4,- 794,898 passenger cars and 826811 trueks, a total of 5,621,709 vehicles, es- timated to be of a wholesale value of $3,576,645,881. It is impossible to af- fect deeply an industry of this size without also affecting business in gen- ral. The automobile industry is the greatest consumer of other American products and has invested capital of $1,956,687,661. It pays annually in aries well over $775,000,000 to its 4, 700,000 employes. Thedmmnce h:‘ |.h'-'al the in ma, gathe: 4 fact that lutnn{ohue factories use’ 18 per cent of all the forms of steel manu- factured in this country, more than any other single industry. It uses 80 per cent of the gasoline, 84 per cent of the rubber, 23 per cent of the plate glass, 26 per cent of the nickel and 31 per cent of the lead. * ok x % Highway construction closely paral- lels automobile sales. ‘There are at present in the world 7,800,000 miles of highways, and the improvement, main- tenance, repair and construction of such roads furnish work and wages to millions of unskilled laborers. In less than & month new models will be exhibited in the show rooms of Siariing Changes Are expected I elther startling changes are e: n er engine construction or body design. In the first place, the styles already origi- nated in automobiles are fairly stand- ard and still popular. In fact, the trend toward closed models is rapidly grow- ing. far year there have been nearly 10 closed cars for each open touring car. ‘There has been an increase in the de- mand for two-door sedans and for coupes. The coupe improvement is due unquestionably to the ease with which the shorter and smaller cars are ‘ked. It is expected that over a mil- coupes will be turned out in 1930 compared with about 170,000 touring cars, * ok ok % ‘There may be exhibited further de- 'velopments of the front drive engine de- cylinder motor hook-up, but in general there will be refinements rather than revisions of in the new cars. ‘There appears to be a more general use of wire wheels. While it assuredly is not so easy to sell new cars to t owners in the United States as it was 10 years ago, the replacement demand has markably is expected €’ units, ustry, oooo.ogw.v. - 10,000. “Behold, we go up to Jerusalem;: and | the Pe, TR Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. For the information of the youth of the land, who are especially interested in the boyhood of George Washington, now that plans are being made for a nation-wide celebration of the 200th an- niversary of his birth, Representative R. Walton Moore of Virginia has just made an authentic summary which will soon be sent into every school hpuse throughout the country by the Centen- nial Commission, of which Representa- tive Sol Bloom of New York and Col. U. 8. Grant, 3d, are associate directors. | Representative Moore, in whose dis- trict Washington spent most of his life, and who is credited with being one of the best informed men on the life of Washington and the early history of | Virginia, says that the home life of George Washington, born in 1732, was confined to Wakefield, his birthplace; ITy Parm, where he spent most of the time of his early youth and achool days from 1739 to 1747, and Mount Ver- non, where he lived from his sixteenth year until his death, ‘The Ferry Farm, which the family oc- cupled until Washington's father, Au- gustine Washington, died there, in 1743, and where his mother continued to live until 1772, is picturesquely located on the Stafford Heights, on the north shore of the Rappahannock River opposite the city of Predericksburg, and is now being restored. The restoration work, in charge of a patriotic association, is be- ing steadily carried forward and has every prospect of being successfully completed. This effort has the approval of the Legislature of Virginia, expressed in a resolution which = declares that the George Washington Foundation, Inc., is endeavoring “to restore the place as nearly as possible to its condition exist- ing during Was| 's boyhood days, %0 that the youth of this land may understand the conditions under which he was reared, in order that they may be taught that he was a natural rather than a deified being, and that it is not impossible for every child to emulate his wonderful example for probity and firm- ness of conviction.” .m’l‘hll"'lvor‘k g‘ re‘llwlr-tlnr; also has the of e United States George Washington Bicentennial comminlnln. which by resolution declared that the purpose s “to dedicate the property as a shrine for the boys and girls of Amer- in order to impress upon the younger generation the lessons that are taught by the life of Gen. Washington.” Representative Moore’s research shows that the property which Augustine Washington purchased from the execi- tors of Willlam Strother is described in 229 ld\'Prt':]M‘mPnl of sale published by e executors in the Virginia Gi of Williamsburg in Ap;‘ll, -173:.”(:: follows: "'One tract containing 100 acres, lyin about 2 miles below the falls of )Xh: Rappahannock, close on the riverside, with a handsome dwelling house, three storehouses, several other convenient ;lillilou!ex ll’tl: a :erry belonging to it. A very beautiful situation and ve commodious for trade.” i Washington on reaching manhood made a large addition to the original acreage, and on his first appearance in Fredericksburg, after resigning his com- mission as commander in chief of the Continental Army, Gen. Washington re- ferred to the Ferry Farm as “the place of my growing infancy and the honor- Able mention which it made of my re- :::r-;; mw‘:d b;; wh‘oco maternal hand, of a fatl mnn:‘mod." T While living at this farm Washj -vm'nded school in Falmouth, I&::’:‘; village, and in Fredericksburg, across the river. To it attach the famous story of the cheery tree, for which Parson mr:;n;fll':l{.;wns’mefi and many tradi- ning to his unus vl-g .R]db:n""v > e e Tt Bushnell Hart of Ha University, Dr. H. J. Eckenrode o:v:;lg University of Richmond and other his- torfans, by their investigations, have re. moved all doubt, if any ever really ex- isted. as to Washington's identification with the Perry Farm. Dr. Charles Moore, chairman of the Commission of Fine Arts and until re- cently chief of the manuscript division in the Library of Congress, in a recent ffiwmfi; study!of the home life of gton ~ family, Pel;;\i'\h.rmt ly, says of the “The earliest home that Washington knew was Ferry Farm, and all the pre- cocious boy could acquire up to the age Of 11 years he here acquired, in com- pany with his sister and brother and s large troop of cousins. There is no place like & small town in which to gain & knowledge of good and evil, to- gether with some proficiency in prac- %?'e:ndbo . 'l“ unlike other boys. en bore teasing for romping wi the big girls at schogl." Caea Joseph D. Sawyer, another biogra- pher. calls attention that the old farm buildings have disappeared, with one noteworthy exception—that is the lit- tle one-story structure which the youth- ful Washington used as a work room, the only structure now in existence Wwhich is positively known to have been In constant use by him during his boy- hood. 'The new bulldings on the farm occupy practically the same site as those of ‘Washington's youth. On these same heights ‘are the breastworks where, on the Washington farm lands, the Federals planted some of their 180 cannon and on December 13, 1862, shelled the town of Fredericks- burg. Some of these cannon, carrying 70-pound projectiles, were strung along the Washington Heights. Here the Northern troops made their stand and, obeying orders, crossed the river on g)ntoorx;nsldm n}:ucl ‘1‘;‘:“ Confederate ronghold on Maryes hts, meeting | defeat with unprecedented slaughter. ¥ Mount Vernon, under the control of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union, s in a splendid state of preservation, Representative Moore ad- Vvises the youth of the land in inviting them to make piigrimage there during the bicentennial period. As this great celebration approaches, house at Wakefleld in which Wi ington was born is to be rebullt, its surroundings beautified and ample protection pro- vided for the graveyard where many of the Washington family are buried. ‘l"her;.ls to :e fimfil’uc'ud on the Mri rm a duplicate of the house which stood there when Washington as aboy, exact pictures of which are available, and much else is to be done which will serve to create a shrine to be visited from all over the United States, in close proximity to those other ;‘h{%‘r-nel at Mount Vernon and Wake- el mand was 2,800,000 cars compared with 2,516,874 in 1928. Further wth of this demand is anticipated owing to the fact that States are now passing strin- gent regulations to insure that the ve- hicles on their highways are properly equipped and safe to operate. This, to- gether with the campaign of the dealers and manufacturers to scrap old models, is retmns many cars of the vintage prior to 1925, * ok ok % ‘The number of cars sold and oper- ated has a direct bearing on every tax- yer 1: the Nation, for the t‘nx burden e exceed $1,000,000,000 1920 the automobile industry has been' responsible for payment in taxes of | $5,881,869,000. - Foreign trade is growing more and more important to auto manufacturers here, since of the 34,876,837 motor ve- hicles in the world 76 per cent are in the United States and made in the United States. There is a motor vehicle for butors. will have to fight for that trade, how- Canada turns out a large num- ber of cars, h many of them are althougl made in Canadian factories for Amer- land in America | th jcan firms. Engi com! year o cg:n s lll.prohlbl cee: z':‘;m 08 Wi y ex - 255,000, and Germany (Copgyicht, 1830.) schools. If the O¥" the repe MODERNIZING HOUSES BY FREDERIC Modernizing old_houses ran into a half-billion-dollar business during the fiscal year end! the year just ended it is stated that the showing will be even larger. quite a drop in the industrial bucket and bullding interests say it will grow larger rapidly. ‘There are 12,000,000 residences in the | Thy United States that need modernizing, according to leaders of a drive that 1s being made in various parts of the country, and If all this work were done at a cost of from $1,000 to $2,000 per house it s obvious that the aggregate expenditure would be important money. In all there are about 20,000,000 homes in this country and their aver- age age is fixed at 13 years. Hundreds of thousands of them, however, are 20, 25 and 30 years old, and many of them even older. Most of these lack modern conveniences, or have obsolete conven- iences, all of them are unattractive and all of them are depreciating rapidly in value, and hence are poor investments. Every city, town and village in the United States has its quota of these an- tiquated dwellings—in some communi- ties fully one-half the houses, it is said, are in this class. More than 2,000,000 houses that are within central station areas are not wired for electricity. Sixteen milllon are wired, but in three-fourths of them the wiring is ob- solete and in half of them the fixtures are out of date. Americans pride themselves on their familiarity with and use of bathtubs, but it is represented that over 12,000,000 E:oph living in cities of over 10,000 in- bitants have no bath rooms at all and in 8,000,000 homes the bath rooms are obsolete. Millions of kitchens are poorly arranged and equipped, making the work of housewives and servants immeasurably harder or more incon- venient than it should be. There's Money in It. On the whole, there is scarcely an end to the arguments in favor o(’mofli ernizing, but perhaps the most impor- tant one is that there's money in it— money in which the entire community shares. Bullders, dealers in bullding materials and workingmen profit di- | rectly, and necessarily they must pass along to others a measure of their proe- perity. The owner finds himself with not only a more livable home, but with one that is marketable if he decides to sell or rentable if he wishes to make it mci)m!-prbducmr. very plece of property in the neigh- borhood of the improved house is .ln- tl';";tudnhl value and realty values of entire community are advanta- geously affected. 4 = These increased values are not im- aginative. They are real and tangible and there are innumerable examples to inspire the doubtful or hesitant. In a Middle West city, for instance, there Wwas an old-fashioned, rambling frame dweiling that was 50 out of date that the owner decided it was hopeless and moved out. He tried to rent the place, but had no offers. Finally he sold the pro?e y for $3.500—little more than hal t the lot alone had once been worth—to & man who had the mod- ernizing idea. The purchaser transformed the place into an attractive four-apartment build- ing with four brick garages. Each apartment is equipped with the last word in appointments, even to tinted bathroom fixtures and electric refrigera- . A gas boiler heats it. The floors, walls, sash, trim, roof, lighting fixtures, June 30, 1929, and for | This is| 1. HASKIN, wiring, entrances and gas stoves all are new. A few well placed shrubs and bushes and a rose trellis make the ygmln?;d n!;nmvr. Every apartment rented an e aggregate annual in- |come is s2880. "To o All this was accomplished at an ex- penditure of $10,932.80, it was reported. e owner was able to place n firat mortgage of 315,000 on the property, |50 he has had back every dollar of his | Investment and has a substantial equity in a building that has been valued at | $25,000. In another case a man bought a small run-down, wholly unattractive house for $4,900. He expended a little more than $2500 on it and now has a decidedly | attractive place that two loan com- Panies have appraised at $8500. A 50-year-old business block, unsightly | and undesirable, with a monthly rental return of but $680 from {requently | changing tenants, was modernized at | an_expense of $14.000 and is now re- | turning $1,090 monthly from well satis- | fied tenants. Financing Not Difficult, It has been found that many owners of old homes deferred modernizing be- | cause they did not know how to finance | the operation and believed it would | be difficult if not impossible. That mis- conception is rapidly being corrected If the plans for making over the house are intelligently made, it is an easy matter to get the money. Building and loan associations everywhere are making numerous modernization loans that are easlly carried and repaid in monthly installments. There is sound reason for financing these operations. In the first place, it is pointed out, modernizing = usually takes place after the home owner has reduced such mortgages as may have been assumed to a point where they Tepresent only a very small percentage of the value of the property, or else | have paid them entirely off, s0 that an additional loan for modernization is very desirable. The equity which the owner holds is usually larger than that | held by the purchaser of a new house, which automatically increases the security behind any loan that is made for modernizing. In the second place, the desire and ambition to modernize is regarded as |one of the best evidences that the bor |Tower is a good moral risk. Hence, generally speaking, building and loan | associations are eager to lend money for modernizing wherever the condition of the house justifies it, and when the |amount so loaned plus existing morte | Ages does not exceed a definite per~ | centage of the appraised value of the | modernized house—usually about 66 2-3 | per cent. | Last year, it is said, almost 25 per cent of all loans made by these asso= | ciations were for home modernizing | Summing uri) the benefits of modern- | izing, the leaders of the movement say | that it demonstrates that there is no | saturation in good housing, kills the “overbuilt” bugaboo, maintains confi- dence in values, increases the salability | of properties, liquidates millions “frozen™ | in existing properties, solves the trade- in problem, increases employment at ‘lood wages, stabllizes profits, promotes | general business and retail activities, | awakens housing consciousness, A stimulates new construction. | And a modernized house is a silent salesman, selling the modernizing ides ' to owners of other antiquated properties. Malta Crisis Another Problem for Britain BY A. G. GARDINER, England’s Greatest Liberal Editor. LONDON, July 5—While the great Indian crisis darkens the landscape for Britith politics the minor storm with the Vatican is developing into a major quarrel which is arousing all the latent m-gopery sentiment in the country. ‘The question at issue is the right of the Roman Catholic Church to inter-| fere in the secular government of Malta, and the publication of a blue book on the subject, ther with the debates in Parliament. has shocked public opin- fon by the disclosure of ecclesiastical pretensions more representative of the eleventh century than the twentieth. The s le rages around the per- sonality of Lord Strickland, premier of | the island, who is_himself a Roman Catholic, born of & Maltese mother and an English father, and who has been connected all his life with Maltese af- fairs. For reasons not explained, the Catholic hierarchy of the island dis- approved of Lord Strickland and openly organized a campaign to make the re- tention of his position impossible, R uarrel became acute when a The qi Catholic priest who supported Lord Strickland was ordered to leave the| island for Sicily, and the Maitese bishops issued & pastoral letter to the islanders threatening the ex-communi- cation of any Catholic who voted for Lord Strickland or his candidates. The yar was carried into the confessional, where, if the penitent declared his in- tention of supporting Lord Strickland, he was refused absolution. The pastoral letter threatened all Catholics who per- sisted in violating the discipline of the church, by voting for Lord Strickland, with a_ visitation of divine wrath and the withdrawal of church sacraments. ‘This claim of the hierarchy to control elections and ostracize the premier naturally was repudiated by the British government. The Maltese are British subjects and are entitled to the liberties of British subjects. By British law any threats of injury such as those con- tained in the pastoral letter are a crimi- nal offense, punishable by heavy penal- ties. L The London government, obtaining no satisfaction on an lpFell to the Pope to discountenance and forbid these ac- tivities of the Maltese bishops, declined to continue negotiations with the Vati- can until the electorate of Malta had had restored to them complete freedom to exercise their political rights. This ultimatum having failed, the govern- ment, as & method of protecting the interests of the island against clerical interference, suspended the constitution and a proclamation was issued in Maita providing for the continuance in power of the present Maltese ministry under Lord Strickland during his majesty’s pleasure. Meanwhile an emissary of the Pope was dispatched to England to present the papal view of the situation. It was unfortunate that this overture was ac- companied by news of the broadcasting over Malta of a leaflet bearing the im- print of the Roman curla which was calculated to increase the tension. This defends the bishops’ pastoral, which de- clared a vote for Lord Strickland to be a sin, and says the pastoral can never be withdrawn even though “England trains upon us the whole of her guns.” If this re) ents the message of the Pope’s el ry to the British govern- ment his visit will certainly be un- fruitful. L ‘There is no country in which the po- litical liberties of Catholics are more sedul ly respected than this, but there is no country where an mpt by any church to dominate the secular af- fairs of the nation is more universally resented. It is alleged that the Catho- lics, chiefly through Irish voters, con- trol & hundred Eng Labor seats in Parliament, but that estimate is en- tirely fllusory if the issue of the British electorate ‘That would create a su; ing stam- g:de and no one knows this better than glish Catholics like Lord Fitzalan, wl munmmof“ uran.w has lhld e desperate task of trying to expla: away the medieval claims of the Mi tese prelates. Already the effect of this episode has compelled the government to drop an ed;m-uon ';lg. mvg'l:: humeeuedmnew rivileges regard Te- rlclo\u control of %hunly maintained Vi n 18 not sensible here will be surprising. (@epyright, 1930.) ing to Canossa is raised.. lFiftty Years Ago In The Star Radio was unknown 50 years ago and the loud speaker nuisance had not de veloped. But there Huckster were other noises and Nuisance. complaints made garding them. In The | Star of June 28. 1880, is the following letter from a suffering reader: “After all the appeals from the pube lic and the efforts of the Commission= ers, the screaming nuisance of street venders, rag, bone and other uncivilized | brawlers is on the increase, because so- | called philanthropists pity the hucks | ster’s family, Are there not other and better means of support for these men than inflicting these tortures on the sick, sensitive and suffering of this city? ‘They brawl 20 times while once would answer far better. and for the sake of health they should not be allowed to sell their wares in the street. “A large proportion of the fruit, vege- tables, fish, etc, sold in the street i the stale and surplus leaving after the market has been culled over; and often, when large quantities are sent from Southern cities, already stale, these hucksters can buy very cheaply and sell | low, but the purchaser, who may not | inspect very carefully what is so hurrieds |1y bought on the street, has no way of getting redress if he gets worthless or condemned produce. Very few hucke sters raise what they offer for sale, Many of them have stands and send out their surplus stock for the street. Sometimes the very meats, fowls or fruit condemned at the market are sold on our streets, “Again, those who purchase from hucksters often get short weight or measure. Not once out of ten times will potatoes, sold by the peck, weigh within three peunds of lawful weight. Many persons plead for these men because the poorer classes cannot go to market and are obliged to buy in the street. The | poor need our sympathy quite as much as those of whom they buy. “The yelping of dogs, the screaming of children, the milk wagon's startling toll and the thousand noisy aggrava~ tions we are obliged to endure, added to the street harpies, are quite enough to distract one. Justice to all would be fairly distributed by giving our citizens & space of rest after enduring these ine flictions lo these many years!” * - x ‘The following in The Star of June 29, 1880, regarding woman suffrage has the tincture of prophecy: ‘Woman /Between seven and eigl undred men, most Suffrage. G iem with mothers. wives, daughters or sisters, sat as dele~ gates in the two national conventions this year and yet were not aware of the consuming desire of the women of America to exercise the right of vot- ing until they were told of it by the representatives of the female suffrage association who were in attendance. | Under these circumstances it 1s not sur- | prising that the crusaders made little headway in either body. When a good healthy demand for the right to vote originates and exists by the fireside and around the family boards of the coun- try it will have some weight, and prob- ‘nbly not until then.” * * x | “Nothing Is clearer,” says The Star iof June 29, 1880, t; m some of i the attention now paid Cruelty to o he’ prevention of i cruelty anima Shop Girls. 301 wnd could be | advantageously given to the prevention of cruelty to human beings. There are | plenty ‘of fields for the laborer. TFor | example, the infamy of keeping shop girls on thelr feet all day, whether there is anything for them to do or not, is one that cannot be justified from any point of view. There is not & day that does not count its victims to this heartless rule in shattered consti- tutions and shortened lives, with no remedy for the wrongs thus done, In the absence of any laws on the subject, their own sex can stop the abuse, or at least lll“el{ mitigate its evils if it will; and it is its duty to leave no efforf untried that will tend to secure that object.” oo Wrong Hearers. From the Roanoke Times. Confession may be good for the soul, £ but it doesn't fln ne's chances with the average jt nu‘vc Gi