Evening Star Newspaper, May 15, 1930, Page 8

A8 With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. XHURSDAY.......May 15, 1930 WHEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company usiness O 11th St. and Pennssivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East end 8t. 1CAl e e Michigan Bulldine. Regent St.. London. land. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Evenine Star.. ... 45c er month Evening and Sinday Star ! s0c per month | undays) and Sunday’ 8 ndays) 85¢ rer month | The Sunday Star L1V e (8C DT COpY Collection made at the end of cach mouth. Orders may be seat in by mail or teleptone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Marylane and Virginia. | aily and SundSy } yr.. $10.00: 1 mo.. 85¢ Emv anly $6.:00: 1 mo.. 50c | unday only $4.00: 1 mo.. 40c | All Other States and | E v and Sunday. I vr,s$1) aily ORIy 1y 2 Junday only . o2 $5.00: 1 mo., Member of the Asso.iated Press. ‘The Associated Press is cxclusively entitle fo the use for republication of ail news dis- Patches credited to it or not otherwise cred- iteq in this paper and also the local 1 ews published herein All richts special dispatches herein ar = i 1 | Canada. 50c i | of The Taxicab Situation, Washington's taxicab situation is rap- 1dly becoming acute, and it is impera- tive that Congress should take speedy action on the bill which gives the Pub- lic Utilities Commission undisputed au- thority in regard to the financial respon- #ibility. rates and public necessity of all vehieles for hire. Conditions at pres- | ent are deplorable. Taxicab companies | and public hackers are flagrantly defy- ing the authority of the commission and apparcntly are getting away with it. The public because of the taxicab rate war is not provided with the se- curity that it should have, end unless| Congress acts speedily on the bill now before it chaos will result. ‘The Washington public demands 1\'0! things of its taxicabs. One is a fair| and equitable rate, and the other finan- | eial responsibility from the company or | the individual operator for damages | that may be caused through negligence. | In the National Capital until midnight last night were three separate rates used by three classes of taxicab oper- ators, a thirty-five-cent flat rate for the city proper, a fifteen-cent initial charge and a twenty-five-cent Initial charge. Today there are two, the fif- teen-cent charge being reduced to meet the thirty-five-cent flat rate. The public is well satisfied with the | flat rate of thirty-five cents for the| city proper, but it emphatically is not| satisfied with such a rate if safety in vehicles, competence of drivers and financial responsibility are lacking. Of the three, financial responsibility is prob- ably the most important, as it is an un- assaflable fact that every driver of a public vehicle should be able either in- dividually or through his company to compensate the victims of his own negligence. Too often have patrons of cabs suffered serious injury only to find that no redress was possible because the small company under whose banner the wvehicle was operating or the individual hacker had only a small equity in the ear In every other city but Washington there would be authority to set a fair rate, order financial responsibility and determine the number of cabs that ‘would meet public need without un- necessary encroachment upon private owners' rights on the streets. If that were the situation here—and it will be if Congress will push through this desirable legislation—the commission could decide whether a thirty-five-cent flat rate would bring an equitable return on in- vestment and still furnish the public with the protection that it demands. It could likewise decide whether the satu- ration point has been reached in the number of taxicabs now operating in the National Capital. 1t is decidedly time for speedy action on the Hill, 1 ——— Mrs. Hoover's Health, ‘Washington, which perhaps knows her better than any other community in the eountry, rejoices to know, on the au- thority of the White House physician, that Mrs. Hoover is definitely on the mend. The First Lady has been in- capacitated for the past month in con- sequence of a distressing sprain of her ‘back, caused by her slipping on a rug. Dr. Boone believes that in another month's time she will be entirely well. Mrs. Hoover was able to take a short automobile drive yesterday, indicating that she requires no longer to confine herself to a wheelchair. Few outside the circle of the Presi- dent's immediate friends are aware of the ‘helpmate role his wife has always played in Herbert Hoover's romanfic Ilife throughout the world. They have lived that life together since they ‘wedded, as undergraduates at Stanford, much more than thirty years ago. They were classmates in geology and metal- lurgy. They pioneered side by side in the Far East, in Australia, in South Africa—wherever the young American | mining engineer’s professional duty | called him. In all of Mr. Hoover's | humanitarian activities during and after the World War, Lou Henry Hoover was coadjutor as well as consort. « Men are calling the President in these ‘burdensome times a man of many troubles. In facing them, as he has faced others times without number in Jess exalted positions, responsibilities were less burdensome because Mrs. Hoover was at his right hand to ce- operate in shouldering them. The Na- tion will join the Chief Engineer xn; hoping -that he will not long be de- | prived of the support and encourage- ment he is accustomed to receive in such effective measure from his gracious and scholarly better half. e Again the adage to the effect that| wealth does not bring happiness demon- Btrates itself in the case of Al Capone. ity Drums and Bugles Forever! Lieut. Comdr. John Philip Sousa, U. 8. N. R., Who knows as much abou¢ mili- tary music as any living man, does no! think highly of the idea of “canned bands"—namely, music mounted on a truck. Experiments ' looking to this innovation are being eonducted at Fort Washington down the Potomag. ‘The agthor of the numerous popular Bousa Marches, which have lightened the plodding feet of many millions of uniformed merf, thinks there would be i policies, t polici mechanical military ; {THE EVENING STAR Iwm subscribe to Sousa’s opinion in this] votes for women, ltke Truth, wil rise i regard. Furthermore, there is another | point which has not been brought out. 1t is this: The band itself is part of the | | spectacle, entirely aside from its func- tion in the realm of sound. The flash- ing of the sunshine on the flare of the {big horn; the rhythmic beat of sticks against the great drum; the visible clashing of the cymbals; the sliding in and out of the trombones, all coupled with the fact that the bandsmen, usually more ornately uniformed than the aver- age, are swinging along in step to their own music, all possess an effect of pag- eantry that nothing else could supply. Even a band of human musicians seated on a moving truck never gives the same effect as the same group marching. while a mechanical source of martial music would be a poor substitute indeed. Military life is losing enough of its picturesqueness, what with the steady passing of the horse, the elimina- tion of colorful trappings, and the sub- stitution of whistles for bugles. May the blaring horns and throbbing drums be the very last to go! | 1 . Opposition to the Moore Bill. It will be.a good thing to permit op- ponents of the Moore bill for appoint- ment of a fiscal relations inquiry com- | mission to state their grounds for op- position. Hearings on the measure, or- dered for mext Tuesday by the House District committee, ought to develop valuable contributions to the general discussion on fiscal relations. For it is difficult to understand, on the face of it, how one may consistently uphold the principle of fair treatment for the Dis- | trict and at the same time oppose an attempt to arrive at an acceptable un- derstanding of what constitutes fair treatment. The views of the opponents | of the Moore bill should be interesting, | for, of course, they will say that they favor treating the District fairly. The Moore bill should be construed | as an honest attempt to find a way out of the unfortunate and persistent con- troversy over what amount the Federal Government should appropriate for the District. It is not admitted that the Moore bill would -provide a means of finding a workable substitute for the principle of fixed ratio, for attempts in the past to set up a workable substitute have failed. But if the fixed ratio is to be discarded, as it has been by legisla- tive evasion since 1924, the commission provided by the Mocre bill would at | least attempt to fix a standard, flexible with changing conditions, for gauging | the amount of yearly Federal participa- tion in meeting the expenses of the | Capital. Any sincere attempt to fix such a standard would be more accept- | able than the present method of blindly | and arbitrarily stating, without rhyme or reason, that $9,000,000 represents &n equitable participation by the Federal Government, and by reason of circum- stance alone letting it go at that. Even if passed at this session of Con- gress, the Moore bill would fail to rem- edy any of the many existing faults of the current District bill, resulting from the $9,000,000 lump sum. The Senate has temporarily corrected some of the faults by increasing the lump sum to $12.000,000. The hope and the petition of the District is that the conferees will | uphold this increase. o What Is Art? ‘The twenty-first annual convention of the American Federation of Art now in progress here in the National Capital | turns the attention of the public to the growth and prosperity of this Nation- wide organization in particular and to the realm of art in general. In this connection occurs an interesting bit of news, which is that Mrs. John Sloan has recently been awarded a special prize of one hundred dollars for the best defi- | nition submitted of “art.” “What is art?” is a difficult question frequently asked and answered in al- most every concelvable style. It is an exceedingly hard thing to define to the satisfaction of all, or any, but perhaps Mrs. Sloan has come as near to it as; any one could. She seys: “Art is that beauty which the imagi- nation has created and which awakes in the obsérver an emotion of pleasure similar to that of the creator.” Let those who find this inadequate or incor- rect try to do better; it is not likely that they will. Some of the definitions sub- mitted in the prize contest were shorter, but certainly none was so good as hers. “Art is the interpretation of some uni- versal order” was one, Others were: “Art is the creative urge of life’s con- sciousness,” “Art is the liqueur of joy distilled from the mash of life” and “Art is that which cannot be taught.” ‘The more one studies Mrs, Sloan's summarization the more impressive it becomes. The artist first imagines beauty, then creates it in one of sev- eral media and, finally, he who views the finished product becomes aware of a pleasure comparable to, though pos- sibly not commensurate with, that of the creator. According to this woman's cogent reasoning, pleasure must be ex- perienced by others in order that an artist may validly claim to have pro- duced a work of art. Such public| pleasure is readily, appreciable in a beautiful landscape, or a symmetrical piece of sculpture or an: appealing de- sign. Further, according to her reason- ing, unnatural scenes that Dante might have experienced in his “Inferno”; dis- torted and dropsical travesties of the human form divine, and inexplicable, semi-insane whirls and clashes of pro- portion and of color are automatically barred. Their creation may have given pleasure to their originators, but if they cannot “put across” an echo of pleasure in their observer they have really con- tributed nothing to genuine art. Mrs, Sloan has said much in few words and her dictum is worthy of preservation, e One reason Hindenburg is able to devote 30 much close and intelligent attention to his duties as President of Qermany is that he is too old to be ex- { pected to study intricate life insurance ‘Woman Suffrage in Japan. | There are apparently no limits to the imoderniuuon of Japan. The House of | Representatives at Toklo has just passed the woman suffrage bill by a standing vote, It would give Nippon's fair daughters a limited franchise—viz, the THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €. THURSDAY, MAY 15. 1930. again. 1 Thus the Island Empire of the East has taken another stride along the path which Occidental civilizatign is tread- ing. It is a longer stride than many ‘Western nations have taken, for wom- an suffrage is by no mezns universal in Europe or throughout the Americas. Evidently the action of the House of Representatives took Japan by surprise, for it was not realized that the move- ment had already made such headway. It was only two or three years ago that the Japanese enacted universal man- hood suffrage. Now comes a develop- men which must be regarded as even more revolutionary. It denotes the frre- sistible march of political progress in Japan and does credit to the spirit of twentieth century enlightenment which animates her chivalrous people. If, as in the case of men, Japanese of twenty-five years or over, the latest| census indicates that 12,880,000 women | would obtain the limited franchise. It| would inevitably be the opening wedge | for a wider vote in the future. Home| Minister Adachi, in addressing the lower house, disclosed that the imperial | government is working on a plan de-| signed to prepare women to vote in village, town and city elections es the “first step” in a scheme leading to suf-| frage for elections in prefectures. It should not be long before the next stage | —votes in national elections—comes | within the range of practical considera- | tion. Emancipation of Japanese women has kept pace with other modernistic de-| velopments in the empire. They are; taking their rightful places in many | flelds there, as they are here. It is| inevitable that some day they will in-| herit their full share of the political earth as well. B A spelling bee is a simple form n(K sport; yet not necessarily free from guile, It would be possible for some enterprising contestant to memorize a | list of unusual words and arrange to ! have them given out in the course of | the proceedings. It is not likely that | any such attempt would be made, but | all forms of sport have to be more or less safeguarded. T New York will make renewed efforts | to prevent jaywalking. In the con- fusion at a crossing what may appear to be jaywalking may be only the nat- ural effort at self-preservation. ———— Senatorial inquiry may at times cause | Secretary Stimson to wish for one of those abstractly searching questionnaires with which Thomas A. Edison used to entertain himself. R ey Successful radio stars are liable to become & little less entertaining as their salaries become so large that it cannot be considered easy to earn them. ——r———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Robin Goodfellow. O Robin Goodfellow, benevolent elf! You're not quite the myth that we thought you; And often we find you enjoying yourself In the ways that our ancestors taught you. ‘When the house is all silent your way you will take, Disdainful of mischievous capers; And long before dawn bids the family - awake You bring us the milk and the papers. O Robin Goodfellow, when fierce is the storm, And lightning has blown out the fuses And stopped the machine that was keeping us warm, Your method assists and amuses! Your face has a smudge and your garb's rather strange, ‘When at night time we chance to ob- serve you, As you come with a kindness that time cannot change, And your question is, “How can I serve you?” Political Economy. N “Of course, you are a student of political economy.” “Of course,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “I don’t recall a time when it seemed so necessary to cut campalgn expenses down to bare necessities.” Jud Tunkins says a graffer is a/ wicked person who is hated until he gets rich enough to be envied. Rain. ‘We prayed for rain now and ‘again; ‘The ways of chance are such. A shower next made us complain Because we had too much. Plot Suspected. “What made Mesa Bill leave the neighborhood?” “Fear of assassination,” answered Cactus Joe. “It began to look like them Snake Ridge bootleggers was tryin’ to kill off Bill and a number of other prominent Crimson Gulchers with bad licker,” | | | “A feast,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “leaves even the most pop- ular man at the mercy of his cook.” The Golden Touch. The public has a curious way. Por serious thought it will not stay, But brings applause and wealth worth- while To the comedian for a smile, King Midas lives again today, With treasure still upon display. He tells some stories, new or old, And laughter turns them all to gold. “A tricky man,” sald Uncle Eben, “is sure, sooner or later, to get into a game wif some one dat knows more tricks dan he does.” ———— e Trouble Ahead. From the Geneva Dally Times. The worst thing about this divorce wave is the trouble genealogists will have 100 years from now. et Tip for Post Office. Prom the Leulsville Times. One good way to make the punish- ment fit the crime would be to compel the designers of those freak mail ad- d‘rfims to send them only to each other. ] right to vote in municipal elections. The cables foreshadow that the measure will | little inspiration for those marching behind such a truck and asks perti- nently, “Would the truck keer in step, ot 2t s thought that most military i be defeated in the House of Peers and die, as far as the present session of the Diet is concerned. But the actipn of the lower house insures that, though men temporarily crushed to earth, Japanese most of A Tip to Borah. From the San Antonlo Express. An _electrical storm over New York Harbor lately put ouf ithe torch in Dume Liberty's hand. I this be an THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Considering the fact that the sun- dial is at least 3,500 years old, it still is remarkably little known to the ma- Jjority of moderns. Many who carry expensive watches in their pockets have no idea of how to tell time by the mest ancient of time-telling devices. Clerks who sell the dials in stores are utterly at loss to explain to cus- tomers how to erect a pedestal and dial. “I think you put it in the ground,” said a woman clerk to a potential customer. Probably not 1 person out of 10,000 cquld name, much less spell, the up- right piece called the “gnomon,” which casts the shadow upon the plate or dial proper. This entire instrument, carrying with be. brig There is scarcely any other one thing which we possess which does it. Our eating utensils and plates are surpris- ingly modern. Our clothes are so dif- ferent in design that a Greek or Roman would laugh at them. But the sundial, with its perpendicu- lar pedestal, and its leaning style point- ing to true North, is the same today as when it stood in the gardens of the Cacsars, better known, since it so neatly| Preferably the * ok sundial should be| placed in the sun, but really it is not| necessary; for one no longer can re-| gard its time-telling ability as its main usage. “True as the dial to the sun, Although it be not shined upon.” So said Butler in his “Hudibras.” and | his point is well taken, although a| favorite motto for dials is the ancient: “I mark only sunny hours.” The truth is that no human being today needs a sundial to tell the time when he can purchase a fairly accurate watch for as little as a dollar. As a matter of fact, the average per- son nowada n guess the time of | day with accuracy. Many persons can| guess almost to the minute, and some few can do the same for the time at night, although this is much more difficult. “How do you tell the time by this thing?” asked a curious visitor fo a garden in which time ancient and modern shook hands. “Well,” smiled his host, “the best way is to take out your watch, note what time it is, then shift the piate| around on the pedestal until the shadow falls across the proper marks.” % Mathematicians have great sport lo- cating sundials accurately, so that they | will tell the so-called sun time as it should be told, both in the morning and afternoon, especially.the early morning and late afternoon hours. | Calculus almost is invoked by those who want to set their dials once and forever agcording to the best dictates of astronomy, chronology and plain common sense. The person with a non-mathematical mind—and this includes the vast bulk |. of the population, in all probability— will be appalled at the calculations which must be made to place a sundial to_the best advantage. ‘The longitude and latitude of the location must be known, and then the absolute North must be ascertalned and the absolute level secured for the face of the plate, There are four times of the year— May 22 is one of them—when a sundial may be set the easiest. For most per- sons the setting need cause no par- ticular worry, mathematics or no math- ematics. All one has to do is true up the pedestal so that its top (upper face) is Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newsp E MATIN, Paris.—After a cere- mony of marriage celebrated in a church of Belfast, the clergy- man who had united the couple urged them to kiss each other. To a person who inquired the reason for this advice, entailing, as it did, a new rite in the matrimonial service, the priest replied: “I have found that this is a most excellent way of commencing conjugal life, and it is a significant proof of the wisdom of this demonstra- tion that all the young people whom I have thus far so exhorted have obeyed me in the suggestion with the utmost enthusiasm. “I am finding, too, that modern mar- riages, and especially those begun as I have described, more happy than the former unions. Betrothed couples of these days are much dmore in love with each other than they used to be. One sees more marriages for love. And if, on the ot hand, weddings are less frequent than they used to be, that is because of certain current difficulties of a material order.” We award, without hesitation, the palm of optimism to the Rev. John MacCaffrey. | i Granite Monument Replaces Lenin's Wooden Tomb. El Dictamen, Vera Cruz—The tem- porary tomb of Vladimir Illich Lenin, made of wood, which has been standing in front of the Kremlin at Moscow, is being demolished to permit the erection in the same spot of a magnificent gra: ite monument which shall guard for- ever the remains of the father of Rus- sian bolshevism. Pending the comple- tion of the monument, the body will be carried to a special salon in the Krem- lin, where it will be guarded day and night by red soldiers. Although Lenin was incredulous with respect to immortality, the authorities have determined that his corporeal frame, at least, will be preserved for posterity, and after much experiment- ing with' the unsurpassed methods used dges the ancient and modern worlds. | also to keep observers from moving it. | of beauty all by itself, and the second as level as one can r! it without standing on one’s head. The dial is then placed upon the pedestal, and moved around until the slanting or upper side of the gnomon points North, thus casting a shadow across the face of the dial. Now keep on shifting the dial until ths shadow coincides with the correct time, as told by one’s watch. For am. | hours the left edge of the shadow is | the time; for p.m. hours the right edge. The remaining hours of sunshine | must come along more or less correctly, | provided the dial plate is perfectly | level; and, of courss, the plate kept from’ shifting. | i ! | ‘The fastening of the plate to the, pedestal. therefore, is the next neces- | | sary step, not only to prevent it from | Women are permitted to vote at the age it the flavor of antiquity, deserves to|moving and thus throwing its time-|the bill a permanent sleeping potion. telling abilities to the four winds, but Most people, especially children, seem | to think that the main purpose of the upright style is to serve as a handle| for them to move it. | Perhaps they feel that a sundial must be wound up like a watch. At any, rate, 9 out of 10 persons suffer from a| desire to move the dial around on the pedestal, and the only way to prevent this is to fix it down in some manner, A neat placement for a dial, and by | far the cheapest, is an old tree trunk| which for some reason has been cut off about 30 inches from the ground. Here' all one has to do is level off the stump| and nail or screw down the dial after | “setting” it as detailed above. Sun time, of course, is not chronom eter time, so one must make allow- ances, but in the main a sundial will| be found to tell time with surprising | accuracy. * ok ok % To coin a new Scotch joke, we would say that the most miserly man in the| world is he who protests because his| sundial will not tell time after the sun | goes down. | We repeat that the main purpose of this old instrument today 15 not tim telling but beauty, especially in garden. Home-owners feel, on the o hand, that their gardens must have some’ ornament other than grass, flow- ers and trees, but on the other they realize that too many .pieces make a spot of beauty a mere museum. Where is the sillier-looking garden than the one incumbered with stone benches, huge jars, statues, bird baths and sundials, pergolas and other pieces, | any one or two of which might look | well, but which all together serve | merely to clutter up space which would be better open? - The average garden looks better with one such plece, either a bird bath or sundial, in most cases. The fine thing about both is that there need be neither birds nor sun: the former is a thing | of beauty and great interest. The best thing the sundial does, as| Bishop Butler suggested, is to point! North steadfastly. To those 'of a re-| ligious temperament it also polnts5 Heavenward, whence one’s help. comes. The sundial is thus not only a link between the centuries but also is a re- minder of the hopes and aspirations of | mankind. Many of the mottoes which | adorn the rims of the dials take cog- nizance of this. The home-owner; who regards the garden as a part of his home is glad that he may have outdoors written words which, like his books in- | side, say something worth while, worth | reading, worth knowing. The sundial comes closer than any other one thing to being & “sermon in stone.” It is so| old that it is a novelty, but is so per-| petually new that it will tell tomor-| row's time. Egypt, Rome, America, are met_together on your lawn when you have a sundial. apers of Other Lands in the preparation of the Egyptian| mummies, combined with the modern | formulae of Europe and America, it will be possible for the coming generations to contemplate the features of the man who established the first republic of | the proletariate in the world. The mausoleum of Lenin is to be the work of the Russian architect Tschusefl. * ok % % Bandit's Head Displayed as Warning. Cologne Gazette—Greece, like all other countries in recent years, has been tormented with desperate robbers and bandits. One of the most dangerous of these, Bambanis, with his band, had a bloody encounter recently with a troop of police sent out to apprehend them, during which the robbers escaped. It was clear, however, that s number of bandits had been wounded in the bat- tle, and it being also assumed that they had no medicaments or bandages in their possession, the police watched narrowly all the apothecary shops of the district, which. was in the vicinity of Mount Olympus. So, when, a day or so later, two dilapi- dated peasants came into the village of | Verdicussis, seeking medicine and lint ostensibly for sick relatives, but in Te- | ality for wounded outlaws, the police | followed them with bloodhounds and | came upon the hiding place of the chief. This desperado, though severely wound- | ed, by superhuman effort dragged him- self to his weapons, but too late. The dogs rushed upon him and when the | police reached him he was gasping his last. They cut off his head with his own knife and exhibited it in the nearby vil- lage of Verdicussis, as a warning to all contemplating similar lives of crime. ‘With the death of Bambanis it is be- lieved that the most ruthless, formida- ble and fearless robber that ever ter- rorized Greece found his end. His band is broken up and scattered, but Presi- | dent Venizelos has directed that every | member of this and other outlaw gang be hunted down and exterminated. | Forest Fires Take Heavy Spring Toll From the Richmond News-Leader. An unusually dry Spring along the | whole Atlantic seaboard has had its inevitable consequence in a series of forest fires. From New Hampshire to Virginia, every seaboard State but Mary- land has suffered heavily. In New Hampshire losses total an estimated $5,000,000: in New York and New Jer- sey, $2,000,000; in Virginia, exclusive of the recent half-million-dollar fire at Hampton Roads, April and early May fires have cost $350,000. Particularly vicious was the fire that raged recently through the northern part of Henrico, destroying an estimated $100,000 worth of timber, both standing and stacked. Although precipitation during the past April in the Richmond district was not conspicuously less than that during April, 1929, Weather Bureau figures show that the south and west parts of the State have suffered a virtual drought. At Chatham, in Pittsylvania County, offi- cial statistics show an April precipita- tion of only 1.66 inches as compared with 6.61 inches a year ago. At Lynch-, burg the April precipitation was 1.45 inches; in April, 1929, it was 5.76 inches (in Amherst County, across the river from Lynchburg, nearly 4,000 acres were burned out in a mid-April fire). In- deed, an average of six Weather Bure stations in Southern and Western Vi ginia’ show only 257 inches precipita- tion during April, 1930, where April, 1929, gave 4.86 inches. Against the recurrence of these costly and dangerous forest fires carefulness is obviously the best and only precau- tion. Cigarette and cigar stubs should be ground out before being discarded. Oampers and picnickers should make sure that their cook fires are dcad. Farmers—and this is most important— take pains not to let brush fires their control. Tariff Parley Is Seen As Complete Failure From the St. Paul Ploneer Press. | The London Naval Conference, how- jever few of its hoped-for objectives it attained, approached its goal far more | closely than the other major interna- tional conference which engaged the | attention of Europe this Spring. While the delegates of the five great ‘powers weighed naval armaments at London delegates from 30 nations tilted with tariff troubles at Geneva. The | most this conference had hoped for was a “United States of Europe,” in which might be eliminated customs barriers to trade. “The least it wished was an agreement among Tepresented nations| not to raise existing duties for two| years. | ‘The conference did not achieve even its least cherished objective. Delegates were not even certain that the confer- ence has taken “the first hesitating step on the road” to the ideal which prompt- ed it, to borrow the words of the chair- man, Count Moltke of Denmark. Even a two-year tariff truce of the mildest variety failed of approval. The final achievement of the meeting was little more than an agreement to meet again and meanwhile to do nothing to make existing tariff war any worse. To say that trade rivalry yields more stubbornly than naval rivalry to efforts at conciliation of international differ- ences indicates the uncompromising | i | 1 ! investigation and report by the Tariff |'are four candidates out in Jowa for this | not. ;an active campaign as the Democratic | six-year term in the Senate, and doubt- The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. ‘The Senate must decide now whether it is willing to permit its conferees on the tariff bill to deal with the con- ferecs of the House on the debenture clause and on the Senate amendment repealing the flexible provision of the tariff law. The Upper House must de- termine in effect whether it prefers to stick to these two amendments as they are and have no tariff bill enacted into law or whether it prefers to go ahead with the tariff bill and abandon these amendments. If the bill dies and there is no new tariff law, the legislators will have something to talk about in the coming campaign. Quite a lot of people in the country are interested in the bill, despite the criticism which has been lodged. against it, and Senators doubt- less will understand that they will be asked a lot of questions about their votes if they take a stand which gives * ok ok K The great majority of the Democrats may “point with pride” if the tariff bill fails. They, joined with a group of Republican’ insurgents in the “coalition.” will have been responsible for the failure of the tariff bill to get through in the event it is allowed to die. As it is a Republican tariff bill, the D>mo- crats may go to the country apd de- clare that they saved the country from a legislative “atrocity.” They may say that the bill is far worse than the exist- ing law, for that has been the D:mo- cratic slogan ever since the inception of the tariff bill. Doubtless the Repub- lican insurgents will make much the same kind of argument. They come from agricultural States, however, and the pending tariff bill carries many in- creases in tariff rates for the farmers. They may have a bit of explaining to do on this point. R If the tariff bill fails now, it is likely to be as much of an issue for some of the members of the Senate and House who ate up for re-election this year as it will be should the bill become a law. ‘The country has heard a good deal from one source or another about the cousideration of the tariff bill in the Senate. Whatever may be said of the House, it has not been as dilatory as the Senate in disposing of this measure, now more than a year old. A defeat of the pending bill leaves the old tariff law unchanged. The opponents of the fiexible provision in the existing law, by which the President may increase or lower tariff rates by 50 per cent after Commission, really gain nothing, so far as the flexible provision is concernsd, through the death of the tariff bill. * ok ok % Whatever may be said ‘about the Democrats in Congress, the responsi- bility for putting through a tariff bill does not really rest upon them. It rests upon the Republicans, who are in the majority. If they finally fail to get through any bill, they, as a party and as individuals, will have to bear the blame. The tariff bill as it stands does not carry the approval of Senator Grundy of Pennsylvania, it is said. He may vote against it. His protest is that it does not give enough protection to American, and particularly Pennsyl- vanian, manufacturers, If it is- shorn of the debenture and flexible clause amendments, added by the Senate, it may be voted against by Senator Borah of Idaho, Senator La Follette of Wis- :‘onsm and o:’lx)l“r Republican insurgents. ‘om a Republican party standpoint, tariff bill is a m('af, y e o * K ok K The tariff bill has been brought to the fore in the Jowa campaign for the Re- publican senatorial nomination. There Republican nomination, which, in some quarters, is looked upon as equivalent to election, for the Democracy has not been strong in Iowa. Senator Steck, the Democrat, who now holds the seat, was elected back in 1924 by Republican votes, when the G. O. P. organization took a vigorous stand to defeat Senator Brookhart, because the latter was sup- porting the late Senator Robert M. La Follette for President against the reg- ular party nominee, Calvin Coolidge. The two leading Republican candidates for the senatorial nomination are Gov. Hammill and Representative Dickinson, for a dozen years a member of the House. In the race are Maj. Frank Lund, who managed Brookhart's cam- paign in 1926 against the late Senator Cummins, and an editor, W. O. Payne, who has made the World Court his issue. Gov. Hammill is denouncing the pending tariff bill, and Mr, Dickin- sen is declaripg that the bill as it comes from conhference will be an aid w0 the farmer. Maj. Lund is seeking to revive the old “equalization fee” principle of farm rehief as his issue, maintaining that both Gov. Hammill and Representative Dickinson, who supported that prin- ciple, have turned their backs on it now. The situation is pretty complex. If Maj. Lund draws more votes from Dickinson than from the governor, it is probable the last will win the nomi- nation. Senator Steck will receive the Democratic nomination. ® ok ok * Senator Charles L. McNary is one of those fortunate members of the Upper House who do not have to worry over whether they are to be renominated or | He will be nominated in the Ore- gon primary tomorrow without opposi- tion. And his renomination will be followed by re-election in all probabil- ity, though Elton Watkins, former mem- ber of the House, is expected to make candidate. Senator McNary has stead- ily advanced in prestige in the Senate as well as in his own State. He is as- sistant Republican leader. He has a reputation for getting things done in that body, and some day is likely to lead his party in the Senate. President W. W. Atterbury of the Pennsylvania Railroad, Republican n: tional committeeman for Pennsylvan has been taken to task by former Gov. Pinchot because Gen. Atterbury is back- ing the Davis-Brown ticket in the Penn- sylvania primary. Gov. Pinchot says that Atterbury has no business mix- ing in the campaign because he is head of the Pennsylvania Railroad and also because he is a national committeeman and should not support one Republican against another. Whether a railroad - president should engage in politics is largely a matter of opinion. Senator Grundy is a millionaire manufacturer and trying to get himself elected for a less there are some who believe he ought not to be in politics either. On the count that Atterbury is Republican national committeeman” and therefore should remain neutral, that would be establishing & new precedent. Members of the national committee have not been so stand-offish in Pennsylvania in the past, or in other States. Roy O. West, national committeeman for Illi- nois, recently managed the campaign of Senator Deneen for renomination to the Senate, for example. * % K ok ‘While the Pennsylvania primary is the only one still to be held this month in which there is keen interest, June will see a number of important political bat- tles settled at the polls. Iowa, Florida, North Carolina, Maine, Minnesota, New Jersey and South Dakota all stage their primaries with the month. Senator Simmons is battling to win renomina- tion against his political enemies who have rallied around a candidate who supported the Smith-Robinson national ticket in 1928. A defeat for Senator Simmons would be variously interpreted. ©On the one hand, it would be regarded in some quarters as showing Al Smith stronger in North Carolina than he was ANSWERS TO QUESTICNS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘Washington is the world's greatest) smrehouse‘tol all kinds of knowledge | You can draw on it free of charge through our bureau there. Any question of fact you may ask will be answered promptly in a personal letter to you. Be careful to write clearly, give your full | name and address, and inclose 2-cent | stamp for reply postage. Send your | inquiry to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Rrederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C. Did the two young men who started to drive a car from Buenos Aires to New York %ucéeed? Please give rs—D. T. B. px;t.lufl;.m Stoessel and his brother Andrew reached their goal this month after covering more than 19,000 miles. On April 19, 1928, they started from Buenos Aires determined to drive to New York City. In accomplishing this they traversed thousands of miles of Soush American mountain, jungle and desert country. They blazed their own road, encountered bandits, fever and floods. Theirs was the first car to cross the western range of the Andes. Ter- ritory never before explored by man was penetrated by the two brothers. Six thousand six hundred gallons of gasoline were used on the trip. Q. Is the knocker on the door at Mount. Vernon the original one?— N. A. H. 'A. It is the one used by Gen. Wash- ington. Q. When is the rhododendron val at Asheville, N. C.2—M. H. A. The rhododendron féstival will take place June 18-20 inclusive. It will open with the coronation of the king and queen at the memorial stadium on the evening of the 18th. The next day there will be a colorful street parade and the rhododendron ball. On the closing day an aerial circus will feature the dedication of the Asheville-Hender- sonville Airport. Q. What is the largest number of words ever written on a plain postal curd?—W. C. T. A, Five thousand one hundred and fifty-one words have been written on an ordinary postal card by Noel Coussanes, a Moroccan. He succeeded in accom- plishing this in 136 lines. The work, a brief geography of Africa, took two years. Q. What is D. A, R2—M. P. A, Recent figures show that member- ship in the Daughters of the American Revolution reached 171.276 on February 1, 1930. New York has the largest mem- bership of any State—18,216. . What was the actual flying time of the Graf Zeppelin on its flight around the world?>—E. H. A. The actual flying time was 11 days 23 hours 14 minutes. The trip consumed 21 days 7 hours 33 minutes. | festi- e the membership of the », Q. Please explain an electric weld and oxyacetylene welding.—J. McC. the parts to be joined are heated to fusion by an electric arc or by the pas- sage of a large current through the junction. Oxyacetylene welding is the process of welding metal by means of an acetylene flame, raised to a high burner or torch with a suitable com- bining nozzle. The acetylenc is com- monly supplied in steel cylinders. A. An electric weld is one in which! temperature by oxygen, conveyed to a| Q. What tribe of Indians:is dfitm- guishing itself for its artists?-M. M. T. A. Perhaps the best known group of Indian painters today are the voung Kiowa Indians of Ponca City, Okla. A number of their paintings were shown in Europe in 1928 in connection with the International Congress on Art Edu- cation at Prague, and were received | with great enthusiasm by Europeans. | A group of Pueblo Indians also has created much interest with paintings. Q. Is physical education receiving more attention in schools than it did M. A, H ] ysical education has shared in the ' general public health movement, and is realizing its objectives more and more in the larger terms of health education rather than in the more lim- ited teaching o gymnastics and ath- letics. Q. Did the Egyptians hatch eggs in incubators?>—R. E. P. A. The Egyptians were skilled in the knowledge of egg incubation at a very early period. The men who managed the incubators sometimes actually lived in them, since there were holes to give ventilation and very close watch was required of the eggs. Q. What was the date of the first publication of d “Robinson Crusoe” N. C. D A. It first appeared in 1719. Q. Do the sons of the King of Eng- land sit in the House of Lords?—A. R. A. Three sons of the King of Eng- land have seats in the House of Lords— the Prince of Wales, the Duke of York and the Duke of Gloucester. Q. How many banks failed in Can- ada last year and how many in the United States>—A. J. A. In 1920 there were 17 bafks in Canada and no failures. There are numerous branch banks in Canada. In the same year in the United States there were 25330 banks and 551 failures, Q. What insurance compa retivement_insurance?—A. C. A. Nearly all of the old-line com- panies are now writing retirement in- surance, nies handle R Q. Wha is the poet laureate of Eng- land?—N. P. A. John Masefield has been ap- pointed to the position, following the death of Dr. Robert Bridges. Q. Does a rattlesnake add a new rattle each year?—J. E. P. A. The Biological Survey says that a rattlesnake adds from two to four rings a year, usually one each time the skin is shed. The snake seldom has more than 10 rings. because the termi- nal rings'are worn down or broken off. Q. How is the fact that a runner i%ets his sécond wind accounted for?— . M, A. The Public Health Service says that by “second wind” is meant an ad- justment of the heart rate to the intake and outgo of air in the lungs. Q. What is the origin of the expres- | sion “You are the salt of the earth”?— |M. E. C. | A. It is from the Bible. “Ye are the | £alt of the earth; But if the salt have lost his savor Wherewith shall it be calted?” This is from Matthew, chapter | v. verse 13. ‘Whatever the opinions expressed on the rejection of Judge Parker as ap- pointee to the United States Supreme Court, the matter is treated by the country as of extreme importance. The widely repeated accusation that the Senate played politics is met by the equally emphatic charge that the a pointee Jacked sympathy with the hu- man side of current problems. “What was the basic reason for the Senate’s rejection. of Judge John J. Parker for the Supreme Court bench?” asks the Atlanta Journal, and then answers its own question, saying finally, “The broad and basic reason for Judge Parker’s rejection was a conviction, especially on the part of the Southern Democrats voting ‘no,’ that the nomi- nation was not determined by his fit- ness for service on the highest and mightiest tribunal of the Nation, but, instead, by political motives of a very devious character.” Concurring in this opinion is the view expressed by the Raleigh News and Observer, which says, “Against the appeal of a sort of Southern pa- triotism, peculiarly the appeal to State pride, which drew to him the votes of the two North Carolina Senators, must be balanced the demoralizing effect upon the Parker support from the South of the revelation that his ap- pointment was being promoted as a political measure for entrenching Southern Republicanism.” * o % ox ‘The rlotte (N. C) News re- marks, “One of bur cotemporaries figures that in the defeat of Judge Parker there is a sign that ‘the old order of things passeth,’ but it looks to us strangely as if the old order of low-down politics is very much in the saddle in Washington.” ~ The St. Louis Times rates the rejection as “in the last analysis due to the fact that Pres- ident Hoover could not command the strength of his party.” However this may be, the Springfleld (Mass.) Union belleves that “President Hoover will gain strong support in public sen- timent and the enemies of his admin- istration in the Senate will lose greatly by this struggle over the nomination of Judge Parker and its result.” Many papers are led to comment on the Supreme Court. ‘“Ambitious ‘and practical politicians have no place upon that bench, nor should it be used as a clearing house for the payment of po- litical debts,” says the Akron Beacon- Journ ok ok “Equal and exact justice implies and demands an independent judiciary,” af- firms the San Antonio Express, at- tacking the Senate’s action, while the Cincinnat! Times-Star declares that “appointments to the Federal Supreme Court are one field where the Senate should never play politics or indulge factional or personal grudges.” The New York Evening Post sees in the re- jection of Judge Parker “an injury to the country” in that it “tends confirm us in a sectional Supreme Court.” The Atlanta Constitution looks apon the prospect “that the composition of the highest court in any civilized na- tion is henceforth to be accounted thing to “give a chill of alarm to every | patriotic, red-blooded American.” “It is serious, indeed,” says the Indianapolis Star, “if appointments to | the Supreme Court have to be dragged through the mire of prejudices and pet- tiness. The Supreme Court should be farthest removed of all branches of Government from the influences such as cropped out fu the consideration of the Parker appointment.” As to whether the Supreme, Court, as organized today, is too conservative, too unresponsive to the human side of present-day probiems, considerable com- ment is to be found. * ok ko “If the large majority of the Ameri- n public is to be consulted, it may in 1928, On the other hand, it would be argued that Simmons was defeated merely because Smith was ot this year in the race, The indications have been character of the business animosities which envelope Europe. The compara- tive success of the London naval parley contrasted with the outcome of the Geneva tariff conference affords Lon- don delegates #me solace. Thelr l(r\:{lle with na rivalries was at the more sul Geneva's” de against that rt to defeat Senator Sim- moml#n:gow succeed, however. Rep- Tesentative Wallace White is opposing former Gov. Brewster in the Maine Re- | publican senatorial primaries for nomi- nation for the seat now held by Senator G YU ion. the” same-ore r nizal L nnm 'm acked Senator Hale against Brewster two years ag He is likely to win, though Brewster's friends do not admit this. The New Jersey senatorial primary is arousing great in-' terest. Involved in it is the wet and dry question and the political fate of some 'nt Republicans. The en- tire State, not to mention miilions of other blicans outside, is waiting Rejection of judge Parker Treated as Vital Precedent easily be that that majority would favor an addition to the bench of a new judge in sympathy with the views ex- pressed from time to time by Justice Holmes and Justice Brandeis, rather than a new judge in sympathy with views that ha¥é been ‘éxpressed by the majority of the.court,” avers the Wheel~ ing Intelligencer. “The court is now constituted with six of its nine members leaning toward a strictly conservative interpretation of the law,” explains the Newark Evening News as it goes on to state: “That may be the right attitude for the court to take. yet it needs also men whose learn- ing in the law is tempered with social intelligence. There must be fluidity and progress, The court needs an open- mindedness and understanding of the human factors in its legal equations,” this paper contends as it claims that “to reject & man because it is believed he will not give I'fe to the court, pre- serve it from stagnation, and make it a more useful servant of the people is to honor the court, not to attack it." In fact, the Providence Journal thinks, as it reviews the decision, that “we may discern the traces of Senate resentment against the Supreme Court as it is at present constituted.” “Sentiment generally. except among extreme partisans,” according to the Schenectady Gazette, “will find ample justification for the rejection of Judge Parker. The unfortunate result of the whole affair is that it is going to bring future nominations under suspicion that really outstanding men will be sub- | Jected to greater criticism and annoy- ance if nominated to the court, and | that it tends to lessen that respect for | the judiciary which is essentia]l to good and successful government.” * ok kK K “The chief and lamentable result.” in the judgment of the San Francisco Chronicle, “will be to make it harder to induce men of capacity and reputation to stand for the Supreme Court or any other office which requires the consent of the Senate.” “Confidence in the court will be shaken if politics is permitted to domi- nate appointments, whether it be sena- torial or presidential politics,” declares the Oklahoma City Times, while the Chicago Dally Tribune argues: “One idea will prevail as to the Supreme Court. It either will be a body of men devoted to the Constitution and or- dained to uphold it against the expedi- ency of political influences or it will be composed to hold with the elements temporarily dictating the course of legislation and policy. It cannot stand divided on_the essential issue of gov- ernment. It will go in one direction or the other. and efforts to use it to con- solidate divergent and hostile opinions and bodies of political gnd bodies of political thought will not Mother Jones Tribute Is Held Good for World From the Zanesville Signal The telegram of congratulations which John D. Rockefeller, jr., sent to the famous “Mother” Jones on her 100th birthday was a heartening sort of thing to read. For many years “Mother” made unceasing war on the Rockefellers and all their works. She had a personal hatred for them, and it is quite possible that they had Very little love for her, But now—"Your loyalty to your ideals, your fearless adherence to your duty as you have seen it, is' an inspiration to all who have known you,” says John D., jr. This is a striking tribute to the record of the gallant old lady who lies in bed in Silver Spring, Md. But it is dlso something more than that—it is a testimonial to the fairness and intelli- ll:ncfi n"fh Mr.h)}oc]kte{:ller mult All all, ie whole little e e to think about b b — Man's Best Friend. From the Indianapolis Star. ‘Those two alleged safecrackers, cap- tured through the bark of a dog; are not planning to take an active part in the next “Be Good to Ani week. ————— Holdouts Signed. From the Wichita Beacon. to m:lh *‘:lilht ‘W. Morrow "2 lfi tonigh “prohibition issue first political speech of the