Evening Star Newspaper, March 4, 1925, Page 20

B Gavel’s Fall Sees Passing Of Familiar Faces in “‘House Representatives Gillett, Charles R. Davis, Clark, Sherwood, Anderson, Byrnes, McKenzie and Winslow Leaving. When the gavel fell in the House | military today declaring the Sixty-eighth Con- | &rees adjourned sine die, there passed | into private life w large group of notable men who for many years have | taken a leading part in shaping the! laws under which the people of the | United States govern themseives. | Heading the It ¥rederick I | Gillett of Massachusetts, who has| merved 32 years and heen three times | elected Speaker, who will at once be | aworn in as a member of the Senate. Speaker Gillett's House service has | included many vears as chairman of'| the civil service reform committee and he had charge of many {mpor- tant measures passed in the interest | of the Government worker He was | for 15 vears a member of the House appropriations committee and had a conspicuous part in the work of this| committee, his service there naturally | bringing him into close contact with sradual development of Uncle| Sam's establishment to its present| immense propértions. Representative Davis' Reeord. Representative Charles R. Davis, | Republican, of Minnesota, has sorved | continuously for 22 vears. and for| the last four years has been chair- | man of the subcommittee that framed the District appropriation bill carr Ing funds for malntenance and de- | velopment of the National Capital.. | In his “swan song” in the House Representative Davis sketched the expansion and beautification of the Capital during his years here, and admonished his colleagues, he Passes out, that they must “carry on” for the city that all the people love and maintain it as the greatest all the world. He faid “When 1 look about, It is difficult to realize the changes that have been wrought during the course of those years. From a city of some twoe hundred and seveniy.odd thousand souls the population steadily has grown until today, or at least ac- cording to the last decennial census, the number has climbed to 43 To care for these people has meant virtually doubling the houeing facil- ities. The fields and woods whic formerly lay to the north and west of us, within the confines of the Dis- trict, but which yet were country,| have answered the city's call, and to- | day we find In their stead the newer residential sections. In the space of those years I have witnessed the de- velopment of the splendid system of parks with which the city now| abounds and which are only the be- ginning of what will follov:. 1 have seen {mpressive structures of granite thrown up for the accommodation of | the Federal Government's expanding | functions. I have witnessed the con- | struction of numerous and splendid schoolhouses, of public libraries. of institutions for the care of the city's sick and needy. 1 have seen the streets and highways made compa- | rable with any throughout the land I have seen inaugurated and near| completed un auxiliary water-supply system which will more than double the capacity of the existing system. Perhaps the most beautiful and im- | pressive improvement that has been made during the whole of these years | is that grand and Inspiring ed!fice raised up to the west of us In the shadow of the hills of Arlington to the memory of Abraham Lincoln. In short, my friends, I have witnessed | the city's development to the potnt | where it is claimed for ft, and I| think rightfully so, to be the moat | beautiful city in the -world. That is the goal toward which we have bend- ed our efforts, and if we have. at- tained it, as has been sald. 1 urge| You to carry on. That fs what the Capltal City’ of this great repubiic should be, and it will be your duty| to see that it ever remains so. T am proud, indeed, of my part in its ac- complishment." Alded Pablic Buildings. Frank Clark, Democrat, of Florida Bas served continuously for 20 years, | and 7 of those he was| during 7 chairman of the House committee on pubiic bulldings and grounds. In de- scribing the changes that have come | ‘with the vears he noted that only four members of the House came here for | the first time and took the oath of office with him at the opening of the Fifty-ninth Congress. He said: “.dy friends, this is the last time I shall ever raise my voice in this great chamber. 1 am going back to what I Delleve to be the best State in all the | Union; I am going back to the land of | sunshine and of fruits and flowers: 1 am going back to the . southernmost State in this zreat Republic. 1 invite all of you to come down there and see me under the brilllant skies of Florida, where you can inhale the ozone of h fruits and flowers, and where every | night, as you zo off into slumberland, | it will be the notes of the mocking- bird as he singzs his deiightful lays. | My friends, I will be at Miami. You | have heard of Miami. They are all there except those who are trying to get there. Come to see us. Florida, with her wealth, with her health-glv- ing climate and with her hospitable people, will meet you with epen arms and we'come vou to the enjoyment of her health-giving and youth-preserv- ng climate. Come and iive with us if you will, but if not that come and visit with us, and you will always find the ‘latchstring on t.: outside.’ Good-bye and may God bless you!" Oldest Man in Heuse. Representative Isaac R, Sherwood of Ohio s quitting as the oldest mun who ever sat In the House. This Sum- mer he will be 90 vears oid. It was 52 years azo that he came to Congress, and of the 242 Representatives and 74 Senators in that Forty-third Congress only 2 are alive—Gen. Sherwood and Uncle Joe” Cannon. Gen. Sherwood, just back from hard fighting in the| Civil War, stood a few feet from Abra- ham Lincoln and heard him dellver his second inaugural address In reviewing the changes since he first came to Congress Representative Sherwood, In his farewell address to the Housé, satd in part: ““Theve were historical characters in that Congress called to deal with both ethical and fundamentsl questions grow- out of the great ; questions that stirred the blood and commanded the most potent mental endeavor. Just across the alsle sat In constant conflict two intellectuzl athletes—Gen. Benja- min Butler of Massachusetts, and 8. 8. Cox of New York, formerly of Ohlo— who continually mecasured the strength and potency of their raspiug scimiters. ilalfway down the aisie sat Gen. James A. Garfleld, afterward President; then Chairman of the ocmmittee on appropria- tions. Right in front in his wheeled chair sat Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia, the Vice President of the Con- federacy. Jumes G. Blaine of Maine, | the fdol of the party, was Speaker. There were 85 Union soldiers in that Congress and 12 Confederates. There were seven distinguished major generals—among | the more notabls Gen. Joe.Hawley of | Connecticut, Gen. Negley of Pennsyl- vania, Gen. Garfield of Ohfo, and Gen. Butler of Massachusetts, “Gen. Grant was just starting on his second term. I remember the appropria- tion for the salary and clerk hire and upkeep of the White- House that year— 1873-T4—was $43,800. As an evidence of our immense growth in material pros- perity and official generosity we this year give our President the tidy sum of $500,000—as the items foot up—in- cluding the Mayflower. “Gen. Grant had no body rd, no | po typewriting maching | we staff, no White House police. | remember meeting Gen. Grant several times walking down Pennsylvania ave- nue alome. Gen. Grant was an expert horseman. He was not only at home in the saddie but he was @ double-team driver, the only President from Wash- ington down-to Roosevelt. who knew how to drive a pair of trotiers at speed. “Members of Congress were salaried at $5.000 & vear. We were allowed no secretury—we had to rent our offices out of our salary and we had to take our pen in hand to anewer kicking letters from constituents. There were The Speaker v expert. He de- contention without ex- planation or parllamentar: palaver. had no ‘Hind's Precedents.’ We had no ru.es committce. we had no steering committee {nvading the White House to find out what legis- lation the President favored. The first article of the Kederal Constitution fixes that duty solely with Congress. “We had no taiilf experts to confuse hed no parilamenta cded every | the rud'mentary Congressmun and no calendar Wednesday. We had no Sec- retary of Agrioulture, hence the farm- ers were contented and reasonably prosperous. “The country had no automobliles, no wireless, no airplanes, no canned music. Prize fighting was nbt then our popular entertainment. We had 1o moving plctures. Tainted actresses were not then our popular stars of the stage. We had no jazz music. The glbrious old war songs of heroic memory and patriotic inspiration had not been supplanted by ‘Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines,’ ‘Hall, Hail. the Gang’s All Here,’ and sim- \lar jurgons, and the grand plays of Shakespeare and plays of high moral {mport had not been supplanted by the vulgar and smutty vaudeville, We had no electric cars. Bdison, the wizard of the electrical world, had not yet uppeared. We had no pre- parcdness-for-war talk on this floor. Those two crime breeders, the boot- leggers’ league and the Anti-Saloon League had not vet appeared. Utah way then a Territory represented by the distinguished Mormon Elder Cannon. His four wives, sitting side by side in the members ‘gallery, with. | out cosmetic adornment, were the ob- served of all observers, as quiet and s uncomplaining as four planted oys- ters in Lynnhaven Bay. This was 40 years before Dr. Cook discovered the North Poie and 45 years before Rev. Billy Sunday drove the devil out of Washington." i His Hetirement Voluatary. Representative Sydney Anderson, Republican, of Minnesota 1s volun- | tarily retiring after 14 years of con- tinuous service, especiaily in the in- terest of the farmers. He came- to Congress first as a raw young ooun- try lawyer, who amazed the country by defeating the veteran James A. Tawney, who was chairman of the ADiropriations committee. Repre- | #entative Anderson is o Spanish War veteran. He was the youngest mem- der ever appointed to the ways and means committee, but soon again as- toilshed the country by asking to be relleved from that assignment and placed on the agrioultural committee, His most notable work was as chair. man of the joint conference on agri- cq;:uxnl‘ relief, which made the most exhaustive surve: attempied in this cougizes U ¢V Representative James F. Byrnes of fouth Carolina, Democrat, has served continuouely for 14 yeurs and has lb:rcu': conspicuous figure on the mas- ouse committ tone. He 108t his biace In L ameriss by being a candidate for the Senste Representative John C. McKensie of Iilinols is voluntarily retiring aft. :)rurxld years of continuous service. n& the present session he has been chairman of the military affairs {ommittee, and during the World War took a consplouous part in sup porting Representative Kahn of Cali. fornia, the ranking Republican, on | Whom the late President Wiison had to depend for legislation be cause th Dr‘r:ncrlllchchnlrmun was not in sym- pathy with- the ad By ministration pro- Winslow’s Serviee Valuadic, In the departure of Samuel E, - slow Uncle Sam loses & Femurharie public servant and the National Capie tal a sincere and consistent friend Who has served for 12 years. Thoss who have served With him say: “This man's work, consistently constructive has touched and affected nearly svery Phase of the Federal Governmenty activitles, and this means that it haes had some effect, however indireet upon most of us.’ His colleagues, re. &ardless of party. assay him 45’ one of the most valuable members of Con. 8ress in & generation, a brilliant and wble man, a man eof his word; one Who runs his office like a big business executive: a leader who has got through Congress more constructive legislation than any cotemporary, and withal a popular man, a good fellow. who has never played to the grand. stand or to the press galleries.' One of Col. Winslow's first assign- ments was appropriately to the Houss committee on weights and measures This hes served for many a laugh ever since because of the colone stoutness, but a more impertant as. signment was to the House Distriot committee, which passes upon all matters affecting the District of Co- lumbia. - Representative Ben Johnson, @ flery Kentucky Democrat, w. chairman of the committes. At the time there was a very strong agita. tion for public ownership of il pub. lic utilities, but particularly the {rol, ley lines in Washington. The ques. tion wes & blg one and Mr. Johnson turned it over to a subcommittes for extended study, and made Col. Wins. tow cnsirman, uithoush « Republican. as his businoss training and grasp of questions involved had i3 questiong in d impretsed the “Winslow conducted an investiga- tion running & good many weeis related Mr. Johnson. “At the con- clusion he went home, shut himself up and wrote his report, with which he returned. His report showed con- clustvely that municipal ownership of these utilities would be ‘wholly un- sound, extravagant and that ne feas- ible way could be found to meet the cost. The report was unanswerable, It showed not Oonly & great deal of painstaking work, but the stralght thinking of a sensible busincss mun. It was adepted withoyt disaent by the committee and made such a fa- vorable {mpression not enly upon the committee, but upon Congress, that the subject of municipal ownership of these utilities has not been seri- ously thaught of since. I understand it is still regarded as ‘a text book on the subject. Mr. Winslow is s level-headed, careful fellow in all matters of legislation. It would take a pretty big machine to welgh his body, but s much larger one 1o welgh his brains.” Col, Winslow was chairman of the House committee on interstate. and foreign commerce in the Sixty-sey- enth Congress and in this, the Sixty. elghth Congr Legislation affect- ing most_of the Government depart- ments, bureaus and commissions comes before this committee for con- sideration. While not chairman of the committee in "the Sixfy-sixth Congress, Col. Winslow had much to do with the framing of the transpor- tation act in 1920. The railroads of the country were sbout to be re- CHARLE/s S DENEEN Of Mltnots JAM G B Of New. ico TRED M SACRETT TTON W B.PINe_ Of Oklzhoma FREDERICKEGILLETT HARL:S T Of Uouth Dikot= turned from Government to private control. They were in bad shape; there was general business depres- sion and Congress was attempting to pass legislation to meet an unprece- dented situation and to give the rail- roads a chance to rehabllitate them- selves. Apparently irreconcilable dif- ferences existed between Senate and House over the legislation which went to conferemce, John J. Esch, now a member of the Interstate Com- merce Commission, w rman of the House conferees and Winslow an- other. This act had a most vital relation to the prosperity of the country; it enabled the rallroads generally to weuther severe times. To tell of all the personal achieve- ments of Col. Winslow would require a very long story. He put through the House the act providing Federal aid for the States in maternity and intant hygiene work. The legislation which established the Veterans' Bu- reau and provided the first compre- hensive program for the care of the country’s disabled war veterans came trom Col. Winslow's committee, a as chairman he had much to do wit the framing of it. He has been granddaddy to most of the legisla tion passed in recent years for the benefit, of the Coast Guard and the Lighthouse Service. He has been the foremost champlon of the leglsla- tion for Government ownership of the e Cod Canal, which he got through the House in the last session and has been active In work ‘for leg- islation for Government regulation ot aeronautics and for consolidation of rafiroad systems. More recently he began a campaign, born of deep per- sonal conviction, for more and better teaching of the Constitution of the country and its meaning in all schools. During the Sixty-seventh Congres his committee reported out 183 bill: of which 158 became law. This w 17 per cent of all the laws enacted during this Congress. No bill reports ed und actually brought before the House failed of passage. This Con- gress was in session 414 days, and the committee held 248 meetings. During the first session of this Con- gress the committee reported 123 bills, and 98 of these became law. This was 24.9 per cent of all the laws enacted. Congress during this s sion had 112 days available for com. mittee meetings, and Col. Winslow’ committee was in session 97 during this period. Speaker Gillett, who left the House and went over to the Senate at noon today, has served longer in Congres and continyously than any of his col- leagues. His entrance into the Benate comes not because of any political ambition for higher political place or power, but by force of the two outstanding characteristles of the man—a steadfast devotion to duty, as he sees it, and fulfilling a promise once made to the letter. Mr. Glllett did not wish to leave the House, of which he had been a mem- i ber In continuous service since March 1893. He has been elected Speaker three times—a record exceeded by only four of his 39 predecessors. During the first part of President Coolidge’'s administration Mr. Gillett returned from a trip abroad to find that he was being mentioned for ap- polntment to an impartant diplomatic post. He promptly issued a formal statement to the effect that he had sttained his life's ambition when elected Speaker, and that he had no other ambition than to continue as Speaker. Fellowed Ceolidge's Wish. But last year Mr. Gillett was asked whether he would be a candidate for the Republican nomination for United States Senator in Massachusetts in case Gov. Channing H. Cox should de- cline to run. Mr. Gillett was told that thie was the wish—as it was— of Mr. Coolidgs, his President, his close friend for many ye and leader of his party. Mr. Gillett said he would be candidate with Gov. Cox out of the field. Mr. Gillett's earliest committee as- signments were to military affairs, merchant marine and Civil Service reform. He became chairman of the House committee on Clvil Service reform in 1808, and it became his weork to defend the Civil Service against GILLETT’S LONG RECORD IN HOUSE UNEQUALED BY ANY COLLEAGUE Served Longer and Continuously—Left House Only With Assurance That Gov. Cox Would Not Run. the most serious attacks ever made upon the merit system. Mr. Gillett also was a member of the House foreign affairs committee in 1898, and the declaration of war against Spain was outlined and vir- tually drafted at secret meetings of the Republican members of the com- mittee, held night after night at his home here to prevent the Democratic members from hearing of it, and us- ing any advance word as the basis for political attack upon the admin- istration. Mr. Gillett became a member of the House appropriations committee in 1900, and the really important chap- ter of his legislative work then be- gan. Elected Speaker in 1819, He was elected Speaker in March, 1919, after the Republicans regained control of the House. Mr. Gillett carried the conceptién of the Speakership as a semi-judicial office to a higher level than did Champ Clark, his Democratic predecessor, who succeeded Mr. Cannon. Mr. Gil- lett, unlike Mr. Clark, refrained from taking the floor and from voting for important party measures. His con- duct and his rulings have been non- partisan, and his fairness and serupu- lous abstention from partisanship while Speaker have greatly expedited the transaction of public business in the House. Has Many Frieads. Mr. Gillets personal friendships have played an important part in his lite here. - He has been an intimate of four Presidents—Mesars. Coolidge Harding, Taft and Roosevelt. Thomas B. Reed of Maine and David B. Hen- derson of Iowa, two of his predece: sors, were also among his close friends. He was in the Philippines with Mr. Taft, toured Europe with Mr. Henderson and visited Florida and Alaska with Mr. Harding. Thomas B. Reed hds always been one of his particular heroes. Mr. Gillett had been regarded as a chronic bachelor, but 10 years ago he married Mrs. Rockwood Hoar of Worce ter, widow of Representative Hoar, son of Senator George Frisble Hoar. 1t broucht together in one home two of Washington's' best known and .most popular residents. Nine Presidents Not College Men. Unlike President Coolidge. nine of our Presidents never had the advan- tage of a college education. They were: Washington, Jackson, Van Buren, Taylor, Fillmore, Lincoln, Johnson, Cleveland and MeKinlay. Mr. Coolidge graduated from Am- herst College in 1895 and was admit- ted to the bar in 1897. Only Congregationalist President. President Coolidge s the ‘only President who has been affiliated with th ongregationalists in religion, Eight Executives were Episcopalians, seven were Presbyterians, . four- Meth- odists, four Unitarian, two Reformed Dutch, one Baptist and one of the Disciples denomination. Jefferson did not claim membership in any ehurch. 'Many Executive Duties Confront The new Senate—the Senats of the Sixty-ninth Congress—takes up ita labors today, meeting in special wes- slon at noon on call of President Coolldge. Meeting without the other branch of Congress—the House—the Senate can transact no leglislati business—only executive business, Wwhich means action on neminations submitted by the President and ao- tion on treaties and other agresments with forelgn nations, which under the Constitution must be submitted to the Senate for ratification, How long the new Senate will re. main in session is still a conundrym. It has before it for aetion the nomi- nation of Charles B. Warren of Michl- gan to be Attorney General, which has aroussd protest in the Senate and may lead to considerabls dsbute. It has other important nominations te handle. It has been tentatively agreed that the Isle of Pines treaty, pending for nearly 20 years, which sives to Cuba sovereignty over the Isle of Pines, {s to come to a vote. The Lausanne treaty with Turkey also is to be considered. Pressure I8 belng exerted in. some quarters te bring about consideration of the pro- tocol proposing adherence of = the United States to the World Court. Should the protocol be taken up, it might lead to weeks of debate. There s1 much opposition to such a course One of the first jobs the Senate will tackle is its reorganization. Officers are to be clected. and the assignments to standing committees made. The committee on committees of the Re- publicans has been at work for sev- eral days on these assignments and the Democrats will soon be ready to make their report also. Moses to Succeed Cummins. Senator George E. Moses of New Hampshire is slated to become Presi- dent pro tempore of the Senate elected to preside when Vice Presi- dent Charles G. Dawes may be absent from the Senate chamber. He will succeed Senator Cummins of lowa, who is not a candidate. Rerelection of George A. Sanderson as secretary of the Senate and David A. Barry as sergeant-at-arms s expected. Nine new Senators took the owth of office today, following the inaugural address of the Vice President, along with 23 Senators who were eiocted to succeed themselves. The nine new Senators are T. Coleman du Pont of Delaware, Fred M. Sackett of Ken- tucky, Thomas D. Schall of Minne- £ota, W. H. McMaster of South Da- kota, W. B. Plne of Oklahoma and Guy D. Goff of West Virginia, all Re- publicans, and Senators Sam G. Brat- ton of New Mexico, Coleman L. Blease of South Carolina and L. D. Tyson of Tennessee, Democrats. Charles 8. Deneen of Illinois, who was elected to the new Senate and ordinarily would have taken his seat toduy for the first time along with the nine Senators mentioned, was ap- pointed by Gov. Small of Iilinois to fill out the unexpired term of the late Senator McCormick, and made his ap- pearance in the Senate chamber a few days ago. However, he took the ginning of his regular term of office. Other New Senaters. The other Senators, succeeding themselves, who took the oath of office today were Senators William E. Borah of Idaho, Smith W. Brookhart of Jowa, Arthur Capper of Kan James Cousens of Michigan, Walter E. Edge of New Jersey, Bert M. Fer- New Hampshire, Jesse H. Metcalt of Rhode Island, Charles L. McNary o! Oregon, George W. Norris of Ne. braska, Lawrence C. Phipps of Colo- rado and Francis E. Warren, Repub- licans, and Senators Carter Glass of Virginia, William J. Harris of | Georgia, Pat Harrison of Mississippi, J. Thomas Heflin of Alabama, Joseph E. Ransdell of Loulsiana; Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas, Marris | Sheppard of Texas. Furnifold M. Sim- mons of North Carolina and Thomas J. Walsh of Montana, Democrats, The nine Senators who stepped out of the picture today, making place for the nine new Senators, wers Sena- tors L. Heisler Ball of Delaware, Holm O. Bursum of New Mexico, Davis Elkins of West Virginia, and Thomas Sterling of South Dakota, Republicans, and Senators Nathaniel B. Dial of South Carolina, Robert L. Owen of Oklahoma, A. Owsley Stanley of Kentucky and David 1. Walsh, Demecrats, and Magnus Johnson of Minnesota, Farmer-Labor. G. 0. P. Tightens Grip. The Republican grip on the Senate increased - with the changes, so that | today - the official alignment is 55 | Republicans, 40 Democrats and 1 Farmer-Labor. However, the 55 in- clude the four insurgents, La Foli- lette, Ladd, Frazier and, Brookhart, { who were read out of party councils by the Republican conference of the Senate, It also includes a number of other Senators who have been classed as anti-administration, among them Senator Norris of Nebraska. But even with these defections—if they prove to be defections—in the ranks, the Republicans claim they, have an actual working majority in the new Senate; that the balance of power held by the so-called progressive group during the last Congress has been wrested from them. Du Pent Served Before. Of the incoming Senators, T. Cole- man du Pont served before in the .Senate, being retired two years ago by the election of Senator Bayard, Democrat. Senator du Pont won the Republican nomination in his State over Senator Ball last year and later was elected. Three of the new Senators formerly were governors of their States, De- neen of Iliinols, Blease of South Caro- lina and McMaster of South Dakota. Schall, the new Senator from Min- nesota, comes to the Senate from the House. He is blind. He proved him- self a whirlwind campaigner against his opponent, Magnus Johnson of the Farmer-Labor party and a La Fol- lette follower. He was a Bull Mooser in 1914, following the banner of Theo- dore Roosevelt, and he was first eloct- ed to the House at that time. He created considerable stir when in 1917 he hclped Democrats organize the House of Representatives, declaring that on the verge of war with Ger- many the President should have an organization In the House ~which would support him. Senator Schall during the recent campalgn gave wholehearted support to the ‘candi- dacy of President Coolidge, and aided materially in carrying the State for the Republican party. He was blinded years ago through an elece trical shock. In Baby of Semate. i “Senator S8am G: Bratten, Democrat new' Senator from New Mexico, is the baby of the Senate. He {s only 3¢ years ¢1d. ~But whils he is 2 young man, e has the reputation of being a hustler, and has advanced a long way on'the road to-success. Sehator Bratton s a native of Texas. As a young lawyer he went to New" Mexico, and by hard work attained promi- nence. Ho was elected district judge. His next step was to the Supreme Court of the State. He did not seek the nomination for the Senate. In fact, at the State convention a dele- gate, acting on his behalt, sought to withdraw his name. But-the conven- tion wouldn't listen to this procedure. oath of office again today, at the be- | nald of Maine, Henry W. Keyes of | " New: Senate'in Special Session Reorganization Also on Program as Body Convenes to Tackle Nominations. Republicans Tighten Grip. Former Senator Bursum, his Republ can opponent, has given notice that he will contest the elestion, but s fa: it is not clear on just what grounds From Kentucky comes another Re publican Senator, Fred M. Sacket §iving the State two Republican mem bers of the Senats. Senator Sacket: is woalthy. He i3 a coal and res' estate operator, a typlcally successful American business man During the War he was the Federal food admin istrator for Kentucky, becoming a close friend of Secretary Herber Hoover, under whom he served. Iie has been a prominent figure in civie affairs and social activities in St. Louis for a number of years. Tennessee's new Senator, L. D. son, is a graduate of West Point, and served In the Regular Army unti after his marriage to Miss McGhee of Knoxville, Tenn. He resigned, went to Knoxville and inta the cotton mill business, In which he has been very successful. His Army experience however, did not rest there. When the war with Spain broke out Senater Tyson became colonel of a Tennesses volunteer regiment and went with it to Cubs. He was ready for service agaln when the World War cams along. He volunteered promptly for service, and was appointed a briga- dier general by President Wilson Eventually he commanded a brigade of Tennesses troops in the 30th Divi- sion in France, one of the first to break throuzh the famous Hinden- burg line. A quarter of a centurv ago Senator Tyson was elected 8peaker of the Tennesses State Sen- ate. “In 1913 he ran for Senater, but was defeated by Senator Shields, whose place he {3 now taking In the Senate Farm Bloc Gains One. The farm bloc gains a new member in the person of Senator W. H. Mc- Master of South Dakota. He i = farmer himself and keenly Interested in the problems of the farmers. As Governor of his State in 1923, Senator McMaster determined to foros down the price of gasoline, which had reached 26 cents a gallon. He set up flling stations on State-owned sites and fixed the price of gasoline seld by the State at 16 cents a gallon Pretty soon the private filling sta- tions had to meet this deorease in price. His action gained him much popularity in the State. Senator Mc- Master is a native of Towa, born in 1877. He is a graduate of the high school of Sloux City, lowi and of | Beloit College, Wisconsin. n 1901 he migrated to Yankton County, Souyth Dakota, and went to work in the banking business. It wasn't long before he entered politics, and was elected to the Legislature. He became a State Senater in 1910, lieutenant gov- {ernor in 1916 and governor in 1920. Me was re-elected governor In 1822, W. B. Plue, new Senator from Okla homa. is a Republican. He is an oii man and a town-builder, and has done well at both occupations. He is rated a rich man. His entrance into the Senate is his first step in public office however. Senator Pine has bee leader in Okmulgee, a city of 3 souls, which he helped greatly t place on the map. Once Rated Radica Not 50 many years ago Colema Blease, new Senatdr from South Caro lina, was rated a firebrand, a radical of radlcals. Now, his friends say. he is not o radical, although he cannot be regarded as a reactionary even b the most pronounced progressives He is expected to line up with tie progressive wing of the Democrat in the Sennts. He is a lawyer, prac tieing with success in his State. He { has served fn both houses of the St Legislature, and as Governor of South Carolina for two terms When - was governor stories were printe: far and wide about hi$ psrdoning of convicts, declaring that he was emp- | tying the jails Senator Coloman T. dit Pont is no stranger to Washington. He served as Senator from Delaware until two years ago, when he was defeated b Senator Bayard, a Democrat. Senato du Pont is rated a millionaire manv times over, and is president of a $300,000,000 hotel corporation. He has been active in politics for many years, and has been Republican national committeeman from his State. He succeeds Senator Ball, whom he de- featsd for the nomination last Fall. Col. Guy D. Goft is the new Seaator from West Virginia, succeeding Davis Eliins. Col. Goff s the son of the late Senator Nathan Goff of the same | State. He is a resident of Clarks- burg, the home also of John W | Davis, Democratic nomines for Presi- dent during the last campaign. Col Goft is a man of large means and has been aotively engaged in.tusiness and in the law. Senator Chgrles S. Deneen of Iil nols has for many years been a po ltical leader in Chicago. He is a lawyer, and served as State's attorney for Cook County, which embraces Chicago, for eight vears. Then he was elected Governor, and served eight years in that office. He was a candidate for a third term, but was caught in the jam caused by the Bull Moose split in the Republican. party in 1912 and was defeated by the Democratic neminee. Since then he has been out of office, but he has kep: closely in touch with politics. Last vear he defeated the late Senato Medill McCormick in. a State-wide primary for the Senatorial nomina tion. Senator Deneen will bs found lining up with the regular Republican organization of the Senate, although he has progressive inclinations. He {s @ party man and belisves {n part: loyalty. He s a graduate of Mc Iendres College, and is now a trus tee of that institution Friend of the District. Of the outgoing Senators, Senainr Ball of Delaware is more widely known in the District of Columbia than any of the others. During his service as chairman of the District committes Senator Ball handied much {mportant ~legislation and the rent |law, designed .to protect temants bore his name. e has been a real benefactor of . the District, and thirough his efforts mueh important !legislation for the National Capita! has been enacted. The new traffic- regulating law is in a measure a monument to the efforts of the Dela ware Senator. Senator Sterling of South Dakola who goes out of office, was chairman of . the Senate Civil Service committee during the fight to put through the Civil Service retirement act and also the consideration of the reclassifica- tlon act. He has been 2 good friend to the employes of the Federal Gov- ernment. One of the two United States Sena- tors with Indian blood. in thelir veins was Senator Owen of Oklahoma, who retires today. The other is Senator Curtls, Republican leader. Senator Owen was at one time a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President. John Adams Last Federalist, The inauguration of John Adams had several features connected with {it. The occasion marked the last time that Gen. Washington arid’ Thomas Jefferson met, and |t was the last time ‘that a Federalist was elected President.