Evening Star Newspaper, March 5, 1922, Page 31

UNDER PROPOSED ACT Designed to Kcep Services at High Effi- the pay and allowances of the commissioned personnel of the Army Marine Corps, ‘with the services. First. the fluctuation of the cost of ng is recognized. and a certain amcunt of elasticit fluctuations is pro tained in the prov Second, the principle is laid down Third. the principle is laid down also that an officer who has served without promotion an unreasonable time is en- ed to more pay. allowances to the officers of these If an officer has a wife, minor chil- dren or dependent mother. he is held to have dependents and receives the 000.000, if services remains as Nevertheless, the commissioned officers and of the enlisted men, except for the new en- S EDITORIAL PAGE NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES BY N. 0. MESSENGER. RESIDENT HARDING launched the mer- ciency and to Correct Individual WASHINGTON, D. C., PAY ON A NEW BASISCONGRESS IS IN A SERIOUS MOOD OVER MERCHANT MARINE ISSUE ©OF RE marine relief. “Subsidy,” said Senator Ransdell, “has been a very offensive word to the Amerl- can Teople, not alone those of one party, but SUNDAY MORNING, MARCH 5, " EDITORIAL SECTION . The Sunthy Star. Part 2—18 Pages / X i 1922, to do with politics or to be brought into politics. “Each member of the board is inspired by the knowledge and belief that this is an all- rMAY PUT ASIDE PLAN ORGANIZATION Inalnllty of Cabmet Members to Agree _Lll(ely to Result in plecemeal = = chant marine bill in the presence of the tHose otiboth: . . 3t Beae S parties. Measures of relief along American problem (the merchant marine) Le 1 g njustices. Sonmbied Coneress and gow e rides at q jines of subsidy have time and again been which has come to the forefront in our national gislation. bl e just out of the fairway, waiting ioiented to the American Congress and time life in a major way, and which cannot longer be eee ! i Lo the DOk Conclien tobe TL o1 It by the 49 again have they been refused. But the sit- put off in solution.” - G. ho!. LD LINCOLN. and wdlm be;tnuae :f ‘ffl(““i“ ‘:x al ; ho]\;g‘a fll:l: Senate. It is rather an nue—ln:l!lrn\l‘.: uation is altogéther different now. There are * % ¥ * BY WILL P. K NEDY. ences = shown in the case of tariff new pay bill, readjusting | Vanced to the Yank of first lieutenan ull as it Jooms to the legislative view and needs o500 néw why we should accept this subsidy Deep interest is feit in congressional and OMPREHENSIVE, thorough re-|2nd bonus legislation today. So it within a few weeks or months re- celve the advanced pay. So a first | lieutenant will continue to receive Ithe pay of the first period until he has had three years' service. much of jolner work, machine fitting and all that before it can'get under way. Praises be if barnacles don't grow on it be- foreé it gets steam up! * k %k %k and enlisted coast guard. coast and that did not exist in the past, and the measures of relief advocated by the President, under the advice of the Shipping Board and their advisers, refer not alone to a subsidy, but to several other important matters.” departmental circles over the friction now cur- rent between the appropriation makers of the House and the' War and Navy departments in the propased appropriations for the Army and the Navy in the next year and deficiencies in organization of the administra- branch of the federal government, in tae interests of | economy and efficiency—one of the prin- cipal campaign promises made by Pres- may as well be admitted rizht now that there isn't going to be any ger eral program of reorganization through at any early d. as far put can be seen on the present political geodetic survey and public heaith . ) chili > SN s But the committee also took care Looking down from the press gallery while the appropriations for this year. service, drafted by a joint congres- | T (B 0 T e may be slow| the President addressed the master-workmen . ¥ %k & D ol hat | Went Harding, and of bread-and-butter | 10T#0n- committee, contains several ¥ Senator Ransdell explained that great bene- So serfous has the situation become tha - . entirel inciples in_ dealing | PTomotion. * An officer who serves| who are lo Aish the job he and the SMIPDME 4 \ouid accrue to the cotton growers of the * President Harding has found it advieable 1o inieresc to/the &rmy of government e e new principles : = : ’ i 3 ; v : i \ ¥ T more than five vcars and still re-| Board Mave started, one was impressed by the 11 ROUE SCCRNE T8 L CON I BERETE O step in and medlate between the legislative and | Ploves, Who have been wondering for| And yet. somo dofinite action is seriousness of their manner as they listened to his utterances. You could tell it was a new sub- ject to some of them, and no disparagement of them at that—all that talk about tonnage, and rates, and custom dues, and speed in knots, and so on. mains a second lieutenant W ‘ceive the pay of the second period. the basic pay of a first lieutenant and also the longevity pay. This plan runs through the entire series of pay to cover these ed. This is con- ions made for the | 1 accustomed to that now. A million dollars is a facturers everywhere in the rebate of 5 per cent on the total amount of freight paid on exports and imports. He said that the provision in the bill to build up the naval reserve with the mer- chant marine should commend it to all thought- administrative branches. He is now seeking to pour oil on the troubled waters and bring about a better understanding between the appropriat- ing powers that be and the heads of the depart- ments for which the funds are designed. * ¥k X % Navy are sufficient in amount, and the Navy about a year in which direction they would be moved on the checkerboard of the federal service—now seems very likely to be indefinitely postponed. “resident Harding finds himself in a hard dilemma, striving to adjust a com- unit beaind. A serious situation has contemplated—piecemeal action. Suppose the reorganizers announced their decision that th kets should be placed ment of Commerce inste: bur n the Depa d of the D« u of mar- ri- periods. A colonel who has served | ful men. He insisted that it would be impossible artm 4 2 - S ¢ s Ptas : = 2 i 4 P ent of Asgriculture. as is con- s g e “"‘:;“““’ ©°F|less than twenty-six years will re- wh’,";:ad’i;e;.:;’:".;x;:::‘;mln||:‘ e oL ion to maintain the United States Navy on a parity Briefly, the squabble is this: The congress- |prehensive program of reorganization|templated in the temtutive prozram COmm ss oned peraonne. ceive the pay of a lieutenant colonel i steners; they are (0, "o oo Britain without a strong merchant ~ Men contend that certain proposed sums for the that the administraticn can stand 28 @ | pow before the President, that would that & certain mumber of years' sers- | S0t L0 BT CHRAIeCE [C SIS mere bagatelle to the men who expet to purcel vl e e e Mo e *li i heads say that they are not, and that If the | arisen with respect to the forest service, | gumcone 1o o b onoral Interest ice and experience are necessary to| S TEATY rednred 1o pace TR M| out three billions and more in regular appro- U0 Gr Yy Class combined irelght and pas. amounts are not increased the Navy will be dis- | now under the Department of ArTicul (e iy o Eynouncel e o entitle an oficer to the pay fixed for | oo S0 RISty years win | PTEAUPTS S vesters of speod, and there are other fn. abled. The congressmen maintain that the ap- | ture, which Secretary Fall 18 determined | prowen to bite 1o the decins ot 5o m;muj ranks up to and includ- Ll N of a colonel. * |* o d 1 bR equalities which would be corrected. propriations for the Army must be cut dOWN |.u] be placed under the Interior De-| gl (8 2 ey she dipisions o ng colonel. et Queer it is how the word “subsidy . Senator Ransdell called attention to the fact 2nd the personnel reduced, and the Army heads partment under the Teorganization Pro-iwomd be talken awas as senc on the nerves of the average congre: There seems to him to be something sinister in the sound of it. In the sense in which it is applied to the project under way it ought to be The testimony gathered by the com- mittee established the fact that liv- ing costs are about 100 per cent than in 1913, before the war, While the act of 1920 gave a certain amount of relief (approximately 20 per centj increase), it absorbed only about one- third of this increased cost of living rific proportions in the interior districts. And in the very same week in which the merchant marine bill was presented to Congress there met at the capital the National Rivers and Harbors €ongress, whose major proposition un- the matter of dependents. power of the present pay is much less men from the Mi: issippi valley, the‘very heart that the pending bill was the joint work of democrats #nd republicans on the Shipping Board, and, therefore, not to be considered a partisan measure. He suggested that if the sidy, the opponents must be prepared to offer some better plan, and he asserted that the American people will so insist. As a senator of the minority party, he pledged himstelf to stand by the general principles enunclated by Presi- dent Harding in his address to Congre!s. say that If the reductions are as drastic as now proposed the entire military establishment will be disrupted. This dispute puts the average citizen in a his Navy and his Army disorganized. Who is right, he may ask, in these contentions as to the adequacy or inadequacy of the sums pro- posed—the technical officials in charge of the services, or the men who have absolute control that the wrinkles can be ironed out between the gram. President Harding, it is said,| has about reached that stage where he would put his foot down firmly and sa “there it stays.” Of one other thin, more inter-departmental press-agent contests, such as has attended the forest service controversy. * % ¥ % national concern rather t stricted group conecern, because bor's interest in immigration is mere good citizen; bureau would be taken of re- la- e & % < greater than in 1908, when the last i 7 = v S i Fourth, the bill takes into considera- 3 harmless enough, yet it is a certainty that the il is to be opposed by a considerable number quandary. He is supposed to be in favor of oL ; 1y because it might prove a compet tion, in making subsistence and rental | PErmanent Pay schedule was "‘"t"' unfriends of the undertaking will ring the in the House or Senate on the ground of sub- economy and reduced expenditures for military :‘"’ _“°;’"“:’- 13 0‘7}”‘"': and he has|ior while the whole nation is con- ished, and about 75 per cent greater| cyanges of “subsidy” until it will assume hor- purposes especially, but he is not likely to want et it be known that he wanis N0|cerneq jn making the immigrant a again, that the children's away, and finully that labor might be made one bureau of a new fare—sur: that department of w wo use cific lox el- all regular allowances. But if he has . < 5 At ates 2 no dependengs, then his allowances in ‘the case of officers. leaving about| ger discussion was the construction of the St. . T e of the purse strings of the government? There are somewhat similav im-} ., . 5.0,; (neerests. 2 2 . two-thirds to be borne by the indi-{ Lawrence ship channel, to connect the great T passes between other departments— e . are cut down. It has been estimated | vidua) Actually the DUrchasin®] Toncs ern the AVLntic ooan. It was ueged By Chairman Lasker of the Unfted States Ship- it e —— notably between Secretary Hoover of e just « iliustration that about 90 per cent of the com- lakes with the Atlantic ocean. It was urged by ping Board, addressing the-same meeting of the President Harding, the conciliator, believes 5 bc’m"mem T Cotmesce g Z:‘:-::.(;r:nsa‘l‘f;.;' an department of i National Merchant Marine A: - > v ; ;::clo‘,r:,:\n‘:,:’?:'nd e L ’hf‘r’)“ "‘“\’l_": “gs"'l © the act of] ©f the interior. its objective beins to float & mentea .,,,QLQS:‘;A(:,, e e c<%me legislative and administrative branches, as hoth | Secreary Wallace of Agrilture OVer| ponging in Congress. has stirr Ahe hee s I ShICH wan BeS Iasze b ed by the act of | great fleet of carriers by water. non-political aspect of the board. “It is my de- are Working in the best intecests of the coun- which shall have jurisdiction ©Ver|iypo ajways-to-be-deplored r cw cpay DI Sevie 1920, however, is temporary. In most The question might well be asked why go to light to state,” he said, “that the only manner try, as viewed by each. But the President is the bureau of markets, now admin-|jccye 1If, then, it was annou ported last week from the joint com- | of its provisions that act expires by | the expense of providing a waterway if pro- in which we ever know that the Shipping Board Ot in favor, it is understood, of carrying the istered as part of the Department|egucation was to be subordinated as of Agriculture. Secretary Hoover is i to both houses of Congress. | limitation on June 30 of this year. vision is not made fdr vessels to use it, and js a bi-partisan board is when we hear it re- reductions in Navy personnel to the point where a section of t de t will make an immediate saving 10 Should Congress fail o legislate on is a primary proposition of the simplest that ,;,,ed to by someone else. The seven members failure to provide enough men to man the ships especially determined that this ac-|jt can readily be scen th % goverpment of approximately Qne_ subject, the pay of the great ma- some means must be adopted to aid the mer- of the present board have never realized that would put the effectiveness of the Navy below tivity of the government must be in- cational interests would be rcsentfu: $13.000.000 in the pay of these serv-|jority of the personnel affected will chant marine or it cannot exist. . they were democrats or republicans. We have & Parity with “England as fixed in the naval cluded in the mew Department of[So there you have both the relizious jces, and an ultimate saving of about|revert automatically to the 1908 * % %k % been in office more than eight and one-half limitation treaty. Commerce. Secretary Wallace is just | and the educational societics aroused the the | schedules, with disastrous results. The committee in its report to Con- gress asserted that it had been clear- 1y demonstrated that officers and com- missioned officers and petty officers strength of it is today. the compensation of United States Senator Ransdell of Louisiana, who is president of the National Merchant Marine Association and greatly interested in waterway development, addressing a meeting of the association last Friday, took cognizancé months, and save on one or two matters of the smallest importance, we have never had a divided vote.” Referring to the pending project, Chairman Lasker said that it represents the enthusiastic * % %k ¥ It is contended that it would be a farce to ratify a treaty fixing the parity of the United States Navy and Great Britain's navy at 5-5 and at the same time refuse to supply men and as determined in his stand. In the meantime, while the cabinet members are in dispute among them- selves over activities they desire toj direct, and while President Harding ks Bring out the who'e program &t on all of these ture, labor, reliziou reors listed private and the man who has|experience great difficulty in main- been in the service but a vear or|taining themselves and their families two, will not be lowered. In fact,|under present conditions. Further- there is a slight increase in the com- | more, there is no prospect of a lower- pensation of the commissioned per-|ing of living costs in the future to a sonnel over the present compensation. | Point where the-salaries of 1908 would The new Dbill goes back to the|beadequate. basic pay of the act of 1908 for the| IR framing legislation to meet this = - | situation the committee has under- commissioned personnel. Today they are being paid under the act of 1920, taken to accomplish the following re- is growing more and more impatient —to the verge of washing his hands of the whole matter until after elec- tion, at least— Congress, wWhich took the initiative in starting the effort for reorganization, is patiently wait- ing. Resumption of Relations With Germany . - It is only fair to recall here that it money sufficient to keep it 5-5; instead, actually pushing the United States’ ratio away below that figure, and approaching the ratio of Japan. and unanimous view of the Shipping Board, none of whose members looks on the board as a po- litical organization or on its affairs as having of the sometime unpopularity of subsidies, and scores of others pointed out in what particular the pending plan differs from former. suggestions for merchant ur against it. What chance would it have with an already sorely harassed Cor So those who are planning to do the best they can by putting through reorganization program i mections figure that they are emploving dis- cretion as the better part of valor by meeting these oppos blocs or | 8roups one at a time * % % % ing - S - | sults: i piving a temporary increase in pay e T e . . . L3 (3 was a democratic member of the|™ yjoihers of the joint conzressioni! of about 20 per cent to officers and that of the 1923 budget estimates rl S l lons ln ar alms Orwar House, Representative R. Walton} o imiitee on reorganization haven't enlisted men. Byl the allowances| oo, 0o oot of pay in such - smml of \.’mma‘ wll;o :\m nr;wsed made any move yet, except to put - epartmental reorganization, and Rep- | ihojr fingers to their lips when asked for subsistence for the commissioned personnel are entirely mew, and the rental allowances for officers who | are housed on government-owned posts are increased from -$12 a room to $20 a room. The subsistence al- lowance is 60 cents a day. According to their rank and dependents the of- ficers are allowed a greater or ..3s a manner as to give especial aid where most required. The budget estimates are based upon the present temporary pay schedules and the present strength of the services. “Adoption of a schedule which will reasonably compensate officers and enlisted men of the serviee for rank, responsibility and length of service, resentative C. Frank Reavis, republic- T an, of Nebraska, who introduced the ; g S first bill making definite allocation of receivable, $37,733,713; real S < ST e eosaeaiis service in a suggested scheme of re- organization. :‘s;:l‘i:;ll lllelnn ’-l:i.(:‘l::nc.a tl::;r‘:p.‘::: For eight months now Congress has be vaiti et doing business in the United States, e o = J joint committee named to study the and having gross assets of $40,612,887. various bills and to recommend a “What's doing?" It is probable that when the pro- posed unit construction of the new framework of Uncle Sam’s adminis- trative plant is started that the first section attempted will be the rebuild- ing of the Interior Department into & counts cstate, commission, according to the terms of the Versailles treaty, or not to participate, as it shall elect. This reservation may have an important bearing on the final adjustment of all property and other claims between BY EDWARD NELSON DINGLEY. | Penfield. ambassador at Vienna, was ESUMPTION of diplomatic re-| recalled. Count Bernstorff left ~jations with Germany not anly | | Washington February 3, for Hoboken, reopens a page of tfagic | where eleven days later he sailed history, but presents lmpor-l‘nv\ay from a patient and hospitable tant problems for solution. | country on the American-Scandina- e an s e T N ey s i meased i eh sieaen ecat kT At the close of 1917 there were 293 Germany, ~Ausiria and the Cnited |scnmite profram of reorganisation | PO 4epartment of pubiic works e s o ol e ine Binltrtie Hoveent YOUNE | citing, nay tragic, events in Wash- | For elght years he had represented femployes in the alien property cus- | States. And in that eight months the joint] THEre are three good reasons o mmm'sswns st e invian ofpenang ,,smnunngm % |ington. Germany had definitely |the German émpire in the United|todian's department, drawing sala- * x % x committee has mot mel-because It |(Uating those who are consideri SUBITER thefm heslcpan gresines n' {hreatened to resume her ruthless States. Departing with a retinue of |Ties amounting to $410,963. At the|, Now that diplomatic and normal|was waiting to get the President's putting this first on the r duce the military and naval estab- the 1908 law. ¥ close of December, 1919, there were |commercial relations between Ger- |promised recommendations. Ition program. One is th submarine wapfare against all shipssixty people and scores of German bk i i :"::,m;:‘",(:fl;;]:";‘;:r];agel :(l)m(;r:‘:‘: found in the restricted ocean area.|consuls in various American cities, he | 22,206 trusts with an aggregate value many and Austria on the one hand and * x % % jinal bill. introduced by So fer as the enlisted personnel 81,44 ¢4 provide reasonable remunera-|The lives and property of American | thanked his friends and said: I hope of $502,945724. This property was| the United States on the other have el i aEank GHERsigpon concerned. the bill leaves the pay for [ g 1€ POE e Toto0 e Tehall re. | citizens, from the hour when the|that war may be averted and that the, distributed as follows: German been resumed, what s to be done with | But iihe) sltuation s ot sosey {vided for reorganization of all the non-commissioned, warrant | non 0 50l B Iy essential, if | Lusitania was submarined to the last {close, friendly relations between the | enemies, $326,$55,090; Austrian ene-|the German and Austrian propert desperate and impossible as it seems. |rior Department to place therein ail amd petty officers of the services as it | {hese services are o become numerl- | similar outrage. had been destroved | United States and Germany will soon | mies, $39,355,357; Interned enemies, |seized? What is (o be the final dispo- While the original intention was t0 do a | e engineering and public work ac- is today, with the increase. It re-ically smaller, that their personnel|by the German undersea pirate. |be restored.” $2.457,895; American enemies. $91.-|sition of the trusts? Obviously the |l OToUE. Whole and complete Job In one ! tivities of the federal government. lump—to give the people a complete|ys iy argued that this is the most picture of the entire federal service as|co0 SiC S0, U Cr i T it is and as it is proposed it shall De |y o" Representative Reavis, who i with each bureau and division and com- | (%1 ERFEREHATNG TREAVIE, WHO mission fitted Into lts new position on [/ = = SSne. the economy-efficiency chart—it is now | I\t eensressional committee on re- Tealized that not omiy for political ex. | FEANIZation and who has announced pediency, but becauss it would be a|tBat he will not seek re-election to practical legislative impossibility to get | CORETESS. OUEht to be given a chance it through, this all-at-once reorganiza- | t° PUt through his bill. §66,053; other enemies, $40,371,35 net income in Treasury from these interests, $839,770. At the end of 1921 there were 35,000 trusts valued at approximately $750,000,000—the largest trust in the world. The ex- pense of administering these trusts up to February 15, 1919, was about $1,000,000. Up to date the expense solution of the question rests with Congress. In 1919 the alien property custodian said: “All is available In this office for use at such a time as the claims of every person shall be disposed of, according to the will of Congress.” Long ago Germany sequestered all American property in Germany and No whistles blew as the Frederick VIII slowly steamed down the ba. There was no dipping of color except on a few German and Austrian ves- sels nearby. The flag of Denmark, not of,Germany, was dipped in re- turn. It was a silent farewell, as far as America was concerned. On the 14th of March Bernstorff reached Ber- duces, however, the pay of the newly enlisted private and the man who has had but a vear or two of service. The recruit will receive $21 a month in- stead of $30. But the $21 is 40 per cent more than he received before the war, when his pay avas only $15 a month. The man who has a year or two experience, or enlisted men of Germany’'s atgitude precipitated a clash. The submarine situation swept on, and every hour meant a nearer approach to a break, which everybody knew meant war. The clash was only 2 matter of time, per- haps hours. The challenge to the honor of the United States had to be met. shall be maintained at a point of high efficiency. “To establish a parity of pay in all the services concerned. “To introduce an element of pay which shall, within a fixed maximum, vary automatically with the cost of living. “To do away with petty allowances the sixth grade, as they are called, | and multiplicity of accounts and thus s : ; : T tas '« minin lsisnd of| otciraneTana aimilfy Fadmtuiatyat | O e RIERG OV eERInEY 2 Exealy i, (lThe fragsay o fNclkangiciust hanibeen abott $13:8 450 liquidated or sold most of it to, Ger- | tjon scheme will have to be abandoned. * % % % i esive e ® {nstead offte, [ dent Wilson held a conference with | war opened. ~ PR man subjects. Practically none of it] 1t has been shown above where| , . ey receivi in = e ) son is € CONVers yrm:n-nd e reeitivary toaky. his cabinet and fifteen democratic . During the war it was discovered | eVer Wil be returned to the owners, it | three cabinet members are working [, i:“"‘d FYRESH 5 Khe onvenee oF In deciding to reduce the pay of the senators. To the senators the execu-| The purposé of this article is 10 that the principal German investments is sald; but the American owners will | now at cross purposes: If a com- Tron Ser o Drosomiont s » & tive sald: “Gentlemen, I have come | present, briefly, the commercial and!in tnis country were for the produc- |10t be put by their own government | piete reorganization program was an- i :‘;"r‘“};;‘”:‘;“"_‘ ? l;”‘.‘_-m”"':: recruit to §21 a month, the fact Was| ofrer 5 reasonable career to young men » An hour later The [to the necessity of seeking redress|nounced these cross currents would to exchange view: economic high spots arising out of! tion of essentials for warfare. taken "‘“’dc‘::"‘;"'::::ed‘h‘,'ed‘h:’; of a desirable kind. ' The compensation |, nowspaper man asked: “Mr. Presi- | America’s entrance into the War, | policy of the government was to turn (£rom the German courts or German | be multiplied; practically every differ- groups was feared, but with the Rea- men are clothed, ;i nd i commensurate With the dutles and | ent, what will be done?” The Presi- [trace gie background of the Picture | those Investments into 100 per cent |EOVernment in their claims for prop-|ent unit would be geeing or hawing. ;::‘ P‘l':l‘r:“""“:r“"",“'“""‘"‘ brought ¥ : s already assurances of Their erty taken during the war under Ger- man laws. They can rely on their own Then, again, all the outside interests —business, financial, engineering, ag- riven medical attention free. vides for increases due to increased ex- | dent replied: “That depends on how I|pefore which final peace was consum- feel in the morning.” capacity for government business. only expenses are for laundry. It was| perience and efficiency apart from rank. mated, and outline some of the finan- organized support from the engineer- i ; = Every device known to the law, as ancts Sl the judgment of the Services that they | It automaticals and, cftectaslly bioy * * * % . Tial and economic problems Involved | it an sy unkmown to. the law, |Eovernment, the United States. o take | ricultural. _scientific, practical and|Ing profession, which has becn bring- can be recruited as ‘well at $21 a| .4 regerve officers brought temporarily = in a resumption of diplomatic rela- i ' evading the |cate of the claims of its own na- | theoretical—would be criscrossing ing pressure to bear individually month as at 330. The recruits have| inio the active service of the United E"srll_;f onitie m“‘;:""‘d"‘l"fi"'“”” tlons | Tetweer Germany and AR | O o as hres ins|tonsle: wires and fretting and stewing. How | upon members of Congress to support no dependents, or, if they have, “they | States. 3, 1917, the executive decision was conseque! & “| " The Tnited States gov. C A5 wonld : h influ- | this measure. i i i v — s government, it is ‘ongre: wou react to sucl nflu The bill abolishes many inequalities | ;age the die was cast. President|on the one hand and the United States| yogtments were divided into two e e said, will see that all American citi- | zens are properly reimbursed for their D . TOpS Career m TCXBS to losses. Each government will have sufficient property belonging to ene- Become Dgllar-a-Year Man| mies to provide for the claims of its own nationals. It is said that there will be no confiscation, but each gov- ernment.-will pay the claims of its own people and have property of enemies have no business enlisting,” as one between the services whose duties are of the drafters of the bill put it. at all times comparable and in time of But the joint committee took into) War kiien}lcla!l- :lt fflcflh;tet: lhe,i‘r ‘fllna.rh al administration, ant r clarity to consideration the fact that men Who|ipig end the assistance of the controller stay in the enlisted personnel of the!general of the United States has been services, making It a career, are en- | secured in its preparation. titled to recognition. The family life| ., 10% Secreary of War, Secretary of is recognized as the normal life. | and the Secretary of Commerce have all #~hese men have families and pro- approved the proposed legislation. on the other. A new ambassador to Germany has been appointed and con- firmed. Approximately five years will have elapsed since the divlomatic break and the arrival of the new lact” was passed the exact, or even American ambassador in Berlin. | approximate, extent of ‘German in- Six months after war was declared | qustry in the United States was not it became necessary to stop all trade [even dreamed of. Germany had & tight industrial grip on America {n classes: (1) Private investments of Germans in the United States, (2) combined German capital in America. ‘When the “trading-with-the-enemy up of a public works department would prepare the way for the next piece of reorganization confemplated, which is to unite the War and Navy departments into one great Depart- ment of national defense. \ The idea is to take from the present War Department all civil peace-time activities, such as rivers and harbors Wilson sent word to Congress that he had an important message to deliver to the two branches jointly assem- bled. That message, historic and tragic, announced the break With Germany. After reciting tlhie facts leading to the decision, the President £aid: “I have, therefore, directed the Secretary of State to announce to!and commerce With the centyal pow- |zd out in the proposed legisiation as to “vislon must be made for them. So v vhic! ay. they have no reduction in their pres-| Cg o dian Visitor U his excellency the German ambas-|ers and sefze all enemy property in|1914. rithovhich '°*""i‘ . L oo oot vhien are Vot ciicality They draw, of course, their | —anadian Visi rges sador. that all diplomatic relationsithe Unitgd States. October 6, 1917,| The “trading-with-the-enemy act” all engineering works—making the ent pay. rations, clothing, etc., from the gov- ernment, just as the recruit does. * ¥ x % The bill establishes s'= pay periods for the commissioned officers. The basic pay for these periods is as fol- Jowi First period. $1,500; second, $2,000; third, $2.400; fourth, $3,000; fifth, $3,600 and sixth, $4,000. There is longevity pay for the of- ficers, however, as there is for the enlisted men. In the case of the of- ficers, they are allowed an increase of 5 per cent of the base pay of their periods for each three years of serv- jce up to thirty vears. The length of service for the vari- ous periods is as follows: First period, up to three years; second period, three years up to seven; third period, seven yasrs up tv fourteen year: fourth period, fourteen years up to twenty years; fifth period, twenty’| years up to twenty-six years. The first period covers the second lieutenant as he entered the service. It covers, too, the man who has by unusually rapid promotion gone to It is understood that treaty provi- sions for the settlement of claims of American citizens against Germany and Austria lapsed some time ago, and that new diplomatic negotiations with Germany and Austria may be neces- sary to pave the way for a settlement. By the terms of the separate treaty with Germany and Austria the United States reserved the right to initiate, within ninety days, the creation of a mixed arbitral commission to consider claims arising out of the world war. The ninety days have elapsed and no action has been taken. It is suggested that steps will be taken again to create a joint com- mission to settle these claims. This must, be done by the State Depart- ment, probably with the cousent of Congress, it is said. While the State Department might negotiate a plan of settlement, will not Congress have the last say? ‘When Ambassador Houghton reaches Berlin ‘and gets a firm grip on the situation be will be the repre- sentative of the State Department and the American people to reach‘a the “trading-with-the-enemy act” wus passed. In section six of that law the President was authorized to appoint an alien property custodian “to re- ceive all money and property in the United States due or belonging to an enemy, or ally of enemy, to hold, ad- minister and account for the same.” Later the law was amended to permit the custodian to sell the property. This custodian was a common-law trustee clothed with power (through the President) “to manage such prop- erty and do any act or things in re- spect thereof, or make any disposi- tion thereof,.or any part thereof by sale or otherwise.” * % k ok Five bureaus were created—(1) the bureau of administration, (2) the bureau of investigation, (3) the bur- eau of trusts, (4) the bureau of au- dits, (5) the bureau of law. The law compelled all American citizens to notify the custedian of all alien®pro- perty in the United States of which they had knowledge. During Decem- ber, 1917, alone, 12,000 reports were received. At the close of that month, was in force until November 14, 1921. The aoct stated that the “end of the war shall be the date of proclamation of exchange of ratifica- tions of the treaty of peace, unless the President shall by proclamation declare a prior date, in which case the date so proclaimed shall be deemed to be the end of the war.” The ‘separate treaty of peacq Wwith Germany was ratified in Washington November 14, 1921. Section 5 of the proclamation recites that “alt prop- erty of the imperial government, or its sucoessors, and of all German na- tiogals which has come into the pos- session of the United States, and also property of Austrian government or citizens, shall be retained by the United States, and no gisposition thereof made, except as shall have teen specifically provided by law, un- til the German and Austrian citizens shall have made suitable provision for the satisfaction of all claims against Germany and Austria of all persons who owe allegiance ‘to the United States and who have suffered through the acts of Germany and between the United States and the German empire _are severed and that the American ambassador at Berlin will immediately be with- drawn: and, in accordance with this decision, I have directed the State Department to hand to his excellency his passports. I cannot bring myself to believe that they (the German govermment) will indeed pay no re- gard to the ancient friendship be- tween their people and our own or to the solemn obligations which have been exchanged between them and destroy American ships and take the lives of American citizens in the will- ful prosecution of the ruthless naval program they have announced their intention to adopt. Only overt acts on their part can make me believe it even -now. We do not desire any hostile conflict with the government of Germany. God grant we may not be challenged to defend American rights from acts of willful injustice on the part of Germany.” ’ * ok x The scens in the House was mem- orable. Congress &nd the nation proposed new department of public works a recepticle into which ail such engineering functions of the government could be gathered. This would leave only strictly na- tional defense functions and activities in the War and Navy departments, which could then be easily united, ac- cording to those who are now figur- ing a way in which the present ad- ministratioh can make good—in part, at least—its reorganization promise - to the voters. Reciprocal Trade Relgmms Many Students Spurn | $5 Prize for Learning Sermon on Mount | | Aswociated Press. Ohio, Mareh prove to be mo'great a ment for Oberii dents as had JUDGE HENRY J. -DANNENBAUM, Whe will direct the Zionist drive in conneetion with the Palestine Foun- dation Fund. For years he has been = leader in eivie affairs in Texas. He was state food sadministrator during and most of them were seif- pporting. the rank of first lieutenant withh have elapsed = - i an: stria.” the substance and |settlement. Five years ha the war, worked as deputy under At- It took the studentx one hour rst three years of His career as cheered the message to the echo. Am-|the total alien property in the hands | Austria. 9 is - :h:‘:-;‘m“e; $lcar? Bhalcsmui iox bassudor Jasiss W GorptmCherlinal of (io cusiodian wa B z mflf o treaty e ::l:r I::: :'nlu:u::t:h:: ::l:lnldm:‘:u: e e ]l e e o e s turn home, with his|cash, §330,250; stocks, ,984,704: | in the treaty. proper g was ordered to return hom: 5 $53,984, P n of & new ambassa-|a salary of $i a year ke will direct| | winming 'be.l‘w-d will be an- EToup *v.l—m in the preseamt drive, bonds, $25,647,038; mortgages, $3,754,- the United States reserves the rlsht 746; ‘notes receivable, $2,725,370;. ac- .,_ staff. Later the diplomatic break to participate in the rep ?u.,, with Austria followed, government to have a2 mah just grad- ,,hu-. and tarif® wu pated from West Point, for instance,] tween the two countries. (Continued on Third Page.)