Evening Star Newspaper, January 22, 1922, Page 41

Part 2—12 Pages NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES WANTED: A WIZARD ON SHIP PROBLEMS President Harding Wisdom to Save A Would Utilize His merican Merchant Marine From Ruin. BY N. 0. MESSENGER. 'RESIDENT HARDING makes no Dbones about admitting that he does not know all there is to know about the merchant ma- rine question and the problem now confronting the government in the disposal of the white elephant on its hands—the merchant fleet. The Presi- dent feels that if the genius exists who can figure out a solution at one £lance, he would like to meet him at once. Meantime, however, the Presi- .dent intends to study the situation and has called for an extensive re- port which he expects to have at hand this week, and which he will study before communicating his views and opinions to Congress. * ¥ ¥ ¥ The merchant ‘marine question has been a source of contention in Con- gress, in the press and on the hust- ings throughout recurring years. sometimes more insistent than others, and ne'er a permanent settlement has been found yet. The govern- ment has tried many experiments,: Many in the matter of reparations, 'z mail subsidies, applying alooKing economic facts in the face, granting preferential tariff, and in the late war applying the principle of gov- ernment ownership and operation outright. There is opposition to subsidy. there is dead-set determination, it is be- ved, on the part of a majority in Congress not to have government ownership and operation, and in the meantime the industry sags. * % ¥ % Cable dispatches report Germany as almost frantically busy building a merchant fleet, to be in readiness for world trade when the world's busi- ness gets well again. German wages and shipping regulations will place United States vessels at a disadvan- tage in rivalry for business. Unless the genius. whose wisdom the President would invoke hurries up with a plan to help the merchant marine of this country, it is a goner, is the belief expressed by wise men in Congress. i *® ok X President Harding sees in the will-| Ingness of Chile and Peru to get to- gether and discuss their~differences another proof of the growing popu- larity of the “conference idea” for world usage. The arms, conference proposes to call gnpth eting some | time in the not sdist@nt: future for consideration of .the laws of war, which may broaden its-agenda to make it another world conference. In contrast to these developments 1s the announcement from Paris that France and Great Britain wil) not sit down at the council board to discuss Senate there will probably be some lively animadversion upon France's military projéct. It is reported that the French budget for 1922 carries $247,000,000 for support of the French army, but omits provision for pay- ment ot interest on the war debt. Yet, in the outcome, it is not ex- pected that France will be held to harsh terms by this government. While at first blush the backward- ness in integest payment meets with public disapproval, while the mill- taristic program is being carried out, the feeling among the leaders in Con- gress is that it is not desirable to “put down the screws” on any of the debtor nations. There will be more bark than bite in the fulminations in Congress, and if the French people could only sense the American spirit a little better and be less sensitive, they would be happier over the outlook. * X The United States and Great Britain are assumed to be in accord in the sentiment of being lenient with Ger- l which is part and parcel of a general attitude of patience, toleration, lib- erality and even generosity toward the whole war debt subject. . The ’country is regarded by big men in Congress as being big enough, Wwith latent prosperity enough, to be easy with debtors whose obligations grew out of the horror of 1914. ® K ok % “Help,” cries, Chairman Hull of the democratic national committee, pass- Ing around the hat the same week that the republican congressional committee reorganizes and girds for the coming campaign for the carry- ing of the néxt House of Represent- atives if possible. Chairman Hull al- lows that the national committee is well nigh broke and must have funds. He gives an alluring prospectus of the possibilities of an active cam- paign if good democrats will only come across with the wherewithal. He says that reports coming to head- quarters indicate stirring of demo- cratic interest throughout the coun- try, and he wants means of publicity to lay the iniquities of the republi- can party before the people. * X ¥ % The republican organization for the Congress campaign is regarded by politicians as being in a high state of efficiency for the approaching con- test. The republicans complain of tight money, too, but that is a per- ennial malady in both political camps. Somehow. when the pinch comes,\ both parties seem to manage to scrape up enough to worry through. the proposed defensive pact, but will revert to the old form of diplomacy, negotiations through ambassadors. The old world will bé"61d world and " comes reluctantly to changes. * K kX Vindication of the wisdom of Presi- dent Harding in choosing two sena- tors for the American delegation -to the arms conference was shown last Friday in the Senate. A resolution of- fered by Senator Walsh of Montana called on the President to communi- cate to the Senate what steps had been taken to carry out certain ex- pressed policies on the Shantung ques- tion. Thereupon, two members of the con- ference, Senators Lodge and Under- wood, arose in their seats. and told the Senate exactly the state of affairs as to Shantung. “I wish to say.” sald Senator Under- wood, “that under the administration of Mr. Wilson and under the admin- istration of President Harding our country has occupied a:- position in reference to this matter that cannot be controverted. We have contended from the beginning that this terri- tory of a right was the territory of China, and have offered our good of- fices on all occasions to try to secure the return of that territory to China. “The attitude of the American dele- gation at the conferénce now being held in Washington has been-exactly in accord with the representations ‘made by the government of President ‘Wilson and the government of Presi- dent Harding. The question has not been directly before the conference, and manifestly it cannot come before the conference until it is settled be- tween the governments of China and Japan, because seven of the powers sitting In the conference are signa- tory to the treaty of Versailles, and, of course, cannot deny the conclu- sions reached in that treaty with ref- erence -to this territory until an and Japan. Therefore, seven of the powers are unable to discuss the , question s between Japan and China because they have already committed themselves by treaty.” * ® % % Senator Lodge, the republican leader of the Senate, indorsed the democratic leader’s statement, adding that the only method of bringing about a settlement of the Shantung question is that adopted, and he had atrong hopes that this question, which has been long discussed be- tween China and Japan, would be settled in a way satisfactory to the people of the United States. o Senator Underwood. made the addi- tional observation that “any delega- tion or governmental instrumentality which tried right now to throw this question into a plenary session, and force somebody's hand, would be throwing a monkey wrench into a piece of machinery,. which might af- Yect the world very seriously.” b * % k * . When the foreign debt funding bill comes up for consideration in the u i l l In an off-year, when there is no presidential contest on, the campaign is more localized to congressional dis- tricts and the national congressional campaign committees find their main efforts directed to the weakest spots, drawing help from the stronger to Idlutrlbu!e where it is most needed. * ok ok X Candidates for Congress are im- pressed Wwith the necessity of work- ing out their own salvation in large degree, but they insist that the na- tional organization has a large stake in their individual game, which .is true, because it is of importance to the party as a whole that the largest possible majority be maintained in the House, for moral effect on the next presidential campaign, and for the same reason the minority wants to weaken or overthrow the ma- Jority. * kK Xk Comment is free about this stage of the campaign on the alleged “scare” of the republicans over their outlook. Don't take too much stock in that talk and don’t place any bets on it vet. The politicians find it salutary and advisable to circulate alarmist stories from time to time. It Increases morale and helps collections. None of the leaders deny the fact that there are troubles in the situation in Con- gress which throw an influence over party prospects, but the vexations are not admitted to be vital. They will have to be dealt with and there is no lack of courage for the undertaking and no real despair of successfully overcoming them. ? * K K % Democratic politicians realize that they have weaknesses of their own, one of them being that the party has not yet reorganized after the ¢rushing defeat of 1920. Neither can the demo- crats lay claim to maintaining a solid front. They have their factions, mainly traceable to presidential as- pirations and to the friction between radica} and conservative fordes within the party. 3 The principal democratic need is said to be & strong, dominating per- sonality to assume the national lead- ership and create a nucleus around which the scattered units of the party can reunite. \ 7 And the hour when such a figure ap- pears, he will find rivals springing up all around him, contesting his_claim to leadership. Z —_— ASSIGNED TO PHILIPPINES. . Maj). Gen. Omar Bundy has been relieved from his present duties as commanding general of " the 7th Corps_area, Fort Crook, Neb., and assigned to command of the Philip- pineés division, it was announced to- day at the War Department. Gen. Bundy will sail for the Philip- pines on March 1 and will report for duty immediately upon his arrival there to Maj. Gen. William M. Wright, newly assigned commanding | general _of the Philippines depart- ment. No suecessor to Gen. Bundy as_commander in the 7th Corps area has yet been assigned. . Sar LARGE TASK HAS BEEN CUT OUT FOR DAUGHERTY AND HIS STAFF BY HERBERT F. CDI{N. HE time of reckoning for the war profiteer is at hand. ! “Prosecution” of the war by Attorney General Daugherty _is about to begin. It is a gigantic task, .and the Attorney General expects the job to comsume the next three years, during -which the Department of Justice will be one of the ‘busiest branches of the government. £ Already extensive preparations are under way for delving ‘into thousands of war-time contracts and acting -on hundreds of claims against the government growing out of the war. Thorough investi- gation of these claims is prom- ised by the ‘department, -apd the inquiries into many are already under way. a4 along with the. running down of those who profiteered at the expense of the government during the war is the campaign to seek out and punish those who are profiteering today at the ex- pense of the consuming public and thus inflicting unwarranted. hard- ships and interfering with the processes of economic readjust- ment. * % % ¥ 1t is partly because of this great volume of work facing the Attor- ney General in the federal courts of the country that he was prompted to appeal to Congress to authorize the appointment of new federal judges to help clear up the crowded dockets. Not the least among the wor- ries of the Attorney General is the problem of prosecutions under the Volstead act. Although most of the load of investigation of sus- pected violations of the dry act has been lifted from the shoul- ders of the federal attorneys throughout the country by the prohibition enforcement bureau, the task of prosecution is in itself & gigantic one. * % X X Events of the next few months are expected to determine whether the administration will be forced to announce a definite and more stringent policy to govern deal- ing with the ultra radicals. whose pernicious propaganda has been steadily increasing. Warning that the movement launched by the third internation- ate at Moscow to gain control of the trade and industrial unions throughout the world is meeting with marked success in so far as it relates to syndicalist unions in the United States-has been sound- ed by the Attorney General. The Attorney General, it is re-! ported, spurred to action by re- ports of special agents of the De. partment of Justice,who have been keeping tab on suspected ultra, radicals, is said to be preparing, information to lay before his ad-. visers, should events warrant, In his judgment, the determination’ of a strict policy with the stamp-/ ing out of communism in- the United States as its object. The, administration, it is known, is op-’ posed to severe measures in deal- ing with these radicals unless they so far abuse American privileges of free speech that their presence becomes an absolute menace. ATTORNEY Heretofore Mr. Daugherty has pursued a policy of dealing with each case individually, although it was known in many instances that their activities were in unison. * k %k X Already Mr. Daugherty has found it necessary to ask Con- gress to give him more power to restrain these ultra radicals, many - of whom, it has been discovered by agents of the government, are agents of the third internationale at Moscow. Two important rec- ommendations by the Attorney General to Congress show how in- vestigations of the departments have awakened him to the perils in the efforts of such malcontents if they are permitted to spread their propaganda in America un- molested. They are: Legislation making criminal an “attempt to commit a crime against the United States. Legislation making it a crimi- nal offense to send through the mails letters threatening injury to life or property. Enactment of a measure along the lines suggested in the first recommendation would put a pow- erful weapon in the hands of the government, a weapon the use of which it is believed will become necessary if ‘communistic propa- GENERAL DAUGHERTY. | victed or facing trial ganda continues to make progress in the United States. * k% % Safeguarding is the watchword of the department. In keeping with, this agents of the depart- ment, both special and local, are keeping tab on the activities of scores of suspected radicals. Un- less actual crime is committed, the only weapon of the govern- ment now is to déport these aliens found, spreading communistic propaganda. Here the problem is complicated by discovery that many of the leaders of this move- ment now is to deport those aliens zens who are taking orders from Moscow -as to their acttvities in the United States, ‘The President is known to have shown a personal interest in the problem of dealing with the ultra radicals, and investigations are said to be now under way which will result in the framing of some definite policy for dealing with them unless propaganda ceases. Some flagrant instances of propa- ganda in behalf of radicals con- in many states, seeking to set them up as martyrs before the nation and the world, have come to the attention of the Attorney General. The disposition heretofore has been to deal as leniently with the" individual cases as possible, and the Department of Justice has at- tempted to take up each case in- dividually,, in fear that some in- Jjustice might result from a gen- eral policy for dealing with the cases; but, it is pointed out, if . abuses of this leniency continue, only one course will be left open, and thla_lx the application of stern mesasures. * ok ok K Communist parties in this coun- tfy, Mr. Daugherty has learned, have united to more effectively carry oh propaganda. He has also been convinced that their policy is to endeavor to gain control of the labor organizations through the control of the executive com- mitteds or other governing bodles. The Attorney General has also noted a noticeable effort on the part of various so-called defense socicties to propagate and carry on agitation in behalf of the ultra radicals in the United States. States, In many instances, have enacted laws defining and punish- ing criminal anarchy which reach Ameriean citizens as well as aliens, Mr. Daugherty has point- ed out, whereas the government is still bound to follow a law which limits prosecutions in this respect to aliens alone. American citizens, fired by foreign propagandists, in some cases have been as guilty of spreading communistic propaganda as the foreign born. Figures ob- tained by the Department of Jus- tice show that 427 foreign propa- gandists of known radical tenden-. cles arrived in the United States last yeAr. The movements of these 427 have been carefully watched and.the Department of Justice in- timately.informed of their activi- ties. These propagandists seem to have been well supplied with money, and the Attorney General has been® informed that the amount™-of money spent in the United States by them in exploit- ing Americans and creating inter- est for movements and schemes entirely foreign to the interests of the American people has been considerable, although it cannot accurately be estimated. * ok % % Pardons for persons convicted under the espionage and other acts whose application took effect during the war are still a problem for the Attorney General. In dealing with them, as with the communist, he thus far is known to have taken up .each case individually. Some still are to be acted upon. In tiis connection -the release. ot :Fugené Debs, soclalist leader, is known to be an experiment which the administration is care- fully watching. While Debs is de- clared not to have pledged him- self to follow any particular course in his activities since his release, it is known that he is aware of the cowrse which the administra- tion expects him to follow. His future Behavior and that of other prisoners released last Christmas, it is stated, may be large factors in the decision of the administra- tion if it eventually does become necessary to agree on some defi- nite policy toward dealing with communists.. t Permanent Program for AgriCulture Chief Purpose of Conference Here BY WILL P. KENNEDY. TABILIZATION of farm-crop prices, determination of a na- tional policy regarding agri- culture as the great basic in- dustry and its relation to all other iridustry, so that the food supply of the country will be based upon well co-ordinated economic principles— that is the big idea behind the con- ference of more than 300 picked leaders from all parts of the country gathering here tomorrow. There seems to have been a pretty general misconception regarding this great conference on agriculture, called by Secretary Henry C. Wallace at the direction of President Harding. It is not to consider measures to tide over the present emergency, nor for the consideration of legislation to give temporary relief. While many men of many minds—some known faddists, many With pet schemes, a few radical theorists—have been invited to join in the conference, so that the united minds of -those most deeply interested in the future welfare of the agricultural industry may con- sider all sorts of proposals and win- now out what is really best and help- ful, freak conclusions and amazing programs will not result. * Kk k% The inner council, co-operating with Secretary Wallace on preparations for this conference, know pretty well the mind of the people throughout the country and the econemics of the present situation and the principles that must be followed for safe and sane agriculture and for national protection through an assured do- mestic food supply. While every group and every line of thought will be given an opportunity to present its views, it can safely be predicted that the mind of the conference will be focused principally upon three re- forms, or improvements, ‘which “the conference will in all likelihood’ de- cide to work for: Better knowledge kets. More knowledge - regarding “home production and consumption. More economic delivery of farm products to consumers. g This knowledge would be abasis for real crop adjustment, tending to stabilize prices where there has béen very uneconomic price fluctuation, In this. way the farm producer, repre-. senting ‘the great basic. {ndustey:‘of, the country, .could be assured of & of foreign mar- reasonable and dependable return for his labors and réturn on his invested capital, just the same as in any busi- ness enterprise. * % ¥ k It appears that many have come here for the conference with an en- tirely erroneous idea of its purpose: Most of those that are gathered in the hotels look upon this conference as an effort to build up remedies for the existing emergency. The farm bureau program announced is prac- tically all concerned with legislation for' the emergency—with \what has already been done or is being done. President Harding and Secretary Wallace are looking far into the fu- ture—to _stabilise = agriculture - and make it commercially profitable for 8]l time. They see that the agricul- tural bloc is getting results on emer- gency legislation; they see that there 1s no need to bring leaders from every state in the ‘Union for a big confer- ence on such matters. Naturally, the fellow ~outside of Washingtan, when he thinks of the National Capital and of any great department calling an entjre industry into conference,-jumps at’once to the conclusion that legis- 1ation is a-foot. & 3 * X K k. :Now, here is the bigg and true aspect: FARMING GREATEST OF INDUSTRIES - The magnitude of interests involved in the agricultural con- .ference opening here tomorrow, with more than 300 leaders from all parts of the country invited by Secretary Henry C. Wallace by direction of President Harding, is shown by the following statistics: Agriculture throughout the world is a basic industry with re- spect to food, feed and raw materials. hundred million people are dependent upon agriculture for food, of which one hundred and eight million live in the United States. The number of people employed in agriculture is greater than in any other industry, The value of agricultural land, live stock and equip-- ment is greater than the capital investment of any other industry and is equivalent to many other industries combined. In the United States one-third of the entire population live on farms, and about sixteen million men, are employed on farms. “The value of farm lands, buildings, live stock and other equipment on farms in the United States is in excess of eighty billion dollars. The annual value of agricultural production in the United States ranges from sixteen billion to twenty-four billion dollars gross, or from ten to sixteen billion dollars net, depending on the amount of dupli- cation involved in feeding crops to live stock. Approximately seventeen The conference has beeh called- to consider the question of fundamental policy; just how much specfal atten- tion does agriculture deserve as bal- anced and scored up with other in- Qustries; what proportion of -our food product do we want to have home- \grown in the future—10 per cent, 40 per cent, 60 per cent, or 100 per cent? And in order to assure production of this foodstuff, what are we going to do about establishing ‘a standard of living en the farms so that peo- ple will be wllling.to agay there and glve that.60 or 100 per cent food pro- duction? the agricultural conference is"going to be asked. . If life on the farm is golng to be made so satis- factory as to hold the’ péople on the farm who know how to. produce with economic efliciency: ‘the. food this na- tion: needs, it will. be ‘shown tha modern . houses with. modefn .-con: veniences will have to be provided; the farmer’s family must have aiito- i &00d'roads, mot only to get his crops to market, ‘but to get his family to the theater and concerts and Women's meetings and: shopping ‘trips; and the farmer must be placed in such a_position that he can give his children a college education. There is- where. the particular in-} terest of farm women in' this confers erice comes -in,: and “wly,’ 80 'many .| ing, - have by expenditure of the same en- women have been called here to par- ticipate. The women are especially interested In having a standard of living "'maintained paralieling that they could enjoy in the city or town, and in affording educational advan- tages for the farmer's family equal to that of the maniufacturer's family | or the merchant's family. * % x x To carry forward as a national pol- icy that which will place the farmer on this plane of high standard of liv- balanced with what he’ could ergy if he quit the farm and went to live and work in the city, will require besides a-labor return an interest re- turn which will make farm business a safe investment. The best statis- tics to date show that the farm busi ness as & whole paid less than 314 per cent over a period of years. The Department of Agriculture has Jjust completed a survey, based on an anlysis of the census returns, which shows, that the rented farms owned by nop-resident - owners pay the least.. Secretary Wallace invited to join in the conference people representing | every shade of thought regarding agricultural policy. He knows that there are gathered here a whole flock of people, each with his own pet scheme or hobby, whom he has asked to sit on the inside and make their various proposals. He did this so that every well-thought-out proposal can be considered by a group of able men and all that is good considered for the stability of the industry. * ok ok % i For example, crop insurance is go- ing:to be discussed at length in the conference. Theodore H. Price has writtefi.ian; open letter to Secretary Wallace, urging that the government shquld estabiish a crop insurance bu- reau &s “the true socialism.”>, It can pretty safels’ be sald right now that vernmental crop insurarice hasa’t & ghost of &.chance of being estab- lished ‘a8 reésult of thé gathering: ‘here. " The: agricultural 'economists, however, recognize that the principle of crop ipsurance is good and. feas- able. In fact, crops are being in- sured by independent companies, They' have made investigations and now have agents out: getting such business. 1. for, government crop | TARIFF ACTION NOW TO BE ASKED HERE Thousands of Manufacturers Expected to Assemble in City Next Week—Favor American Valuation Plan. WENTY-FIVE thousand manu-]i8lative. forces of our country to do facturers of the United States, or a goodly portion of that num- ber, are expected to gssemble in this city one week fronf tomorrow, to hold the biggest convention of the new year. They are coming to de- mand immediate action by Congress on the tariff. Their slogan is “Tariff action at once valuation pla; Just how many of the 25,000 invita- tions gent to manufacturers all over the country by the National Associa- tion of Manufacturers will be accept- ed by attendance in person fs not known, but the association, made up of 6.000 manufactusing companies, has completed a referendum of its members, and the ballots received showed that 77.7 per cent of those their part. * % ¥ % ““One of the quickest and most effec- tive means of restoring the equi- librium of our economic nation, it seems to me, would be for Congress to take up the matter of the tariff and dispose of it at once. We hear arguments that there is o much con- 1 and the American | fusion regarding the duties and man- ner of administering our tariff that we had best wait. That certainly im- presses me as one of the most con- vincing reasons why it should be taken up at once, so that the con- fusion could be eliminated as much as possible, and the whoie problem brought down to as simple a basis as possible. “We should dispose of it at once, no matter what kind of a bill we get. voting are in favor of the American}Every one will not be completely sat- valuation plan. * % ox x The sessions of the convention will be held at the New Willard. The primary object will be to have the 25,000 manufacturers of the United States unite in a demand for a tariff blll—a tariff bill with American valuation incorporated, if possible. but a tariff bill of some kind, by all means, and now. The convention will not seek par- ticipation in the framing of any kind of a bill. It insists that it is non- partisan, non-political, and will not consider any particular tariff bill, or schedules, or items of schedules. It emphasizes that its sole purpose is to urge on Congress the necessity for the enactment of tariff legislation of some sort which will remove the ex- isting conditions of doubt and un- certainty and thereby stabilfze busi- ness and restore the country to a normal prosperity. * ¥ % % “Tariff and the American valuation vlan have become probably the two most engaging and important sub- Jects in our economic problems that are affecting the business of the en- tire country.” John E. Edgerton, pres- ident of the National Association of Manufacturers, explained last even- ing. “American valuation ow looms as the storm center of any tariff bill that is passed. It has been approved and disapproved by many membgrs of Congress in their debates, and numer- ous organizations have sought to obtain referendums of their members to learn whether there was a com- plete demand for it or against it. Most of these referendums have pro- duced indefinite results or confusing results, with the arguments for and against the Americ: aluation plan about balancing. .U * k kX “Tariff,” according to Mr. Edger- ton, “has been worrying the exporters and the importers of the country for more than a year. The manufac- turers are in a quandary because of the uncertainties, and this dilemma is reflected all the way through busi- ness. The doubt and perplexity are causing uneasiness which should be relieved in order to allow business to proceed on its road to recovery as it now is doing very promisingly. “I.am an optimist. I believe that ‘we long ago passed the peak of our industrial and business troubles, thanks to the sanity and sobriety of both employers and employes. In- dustry has done its part by applying itself definitely, determinedly, to the work. It is now the duty of the leg- Fisheries Bureau Contributes 1 isfied nor completely dissatisfled. But every one, certainly, is completely dissatisfied, disturbed and confused to- day by Congress constantly talking tarift and giving us nothing. I “We believe that the basis of the tariff should be upon the value of goods in the United States and not * their value in the country of origin. This request represents the desire of a large number of manufacturers. We believe in American valuation be- cause it will prevent undervaluation for the reason that the value will be determined by the United States gov- ernment in this country, where we have jurisdidtion to subpoena wit- nesses to get at all the facts. It will result in securing more revenue from low-priced countries. because the American value will be the same for any article, regardless of the country from which it is imported into the United States. & “The American valuation plan will make it possible to treat all foreign countries alike, by imposing the same duty upon the same article, regardless of the country from which it come: in accordance with our treaty obli- gations. This plan will make it un- necessary for this government to carry on foreign requisition in an al- most fruitless attempt to secure for- eign values for the purpose of admin- istering our tariff laws. * % “The American valuation plan meets the difficulties now €onfronting this country in imposing ad valorem duties, due to depreciation of forelgn currency. Under the present law, the greater the depreciation the less the duty, so that those countries whose currency has depreciated to the greatest extent pay the smallest amount in duty. “The American valuation plan will be easier to administer within the in- tent and meaning of the law. Under this plan, we only have to have the whole- sale value in one country. Under the present law. we have to attempt to be familiar with the wholesale values in more than one hundred different countries from which articles may be* imported into the United States. wThe American valuation plan will make it possible to get adequate pro- tective tariff at this time against ruinous foreign competition, giving to the American workman an oppor- tunity to earn a living. “It is, of course, easier to secure the American wholesale value of any commodity than it is to secure the wholesale value in the various for- eign countries as required under the existing law. Upless the American valuation plan be adopted, the pres- ent chaotic condition will continue indefinitely.” 5 To Rehabilitation of Europe The United States bureau of fish- erles is participating in the rehabili- tation of Europe. During the long years of recent warfare and of des- perate post-war conditions, the in- land waters of central Europe were practically stripped of edible fish. Every fish, game or otherwise, that would take fly or bait, or could be snared or trapped in any manner, legal or illegal, went into the frying pan, irrespective of size. Except in some of the larger and deeper lakes and rivers, there remained not even a nucleus of edible aquatic life. To .await the natural increase of such a meager stock would take too long, while fish cultural stations lack material with which to; propagate. Therefore appeals for assistance have come to the bureau of fisherigs here trom Germany, Austria, Switzerland and France, particularly the eastern part, and the bureau, as a matter of international courtesy, has responded nomic hardships, to the best of its ability. Needless to say, the bureau will do the best it can for the Nether- lands government, according to Dr. Hugh M. Smith, commissioner of fish- eries. This assistances Will be re- ciprocated in due time, Dr. Smith states, through exchanges' of eggs when European conditions shall have improved. Demands from both sides of the. Atlantic are usually for salmonold fishes. Europe wants lake trout, rainbow trout and eastern brook trout, while the United States is glad to get such fine game and eating fish as Lochleven trout and brown ‘trout. European countries have always been famous for the skill with which they tonserved the fish life in waters i fished by expert anglers for centuries. Not only do Europeans look on their fishes as means for sport, but also as a very important source of food !supply. The war and post-war eco- however, almost i completely destroyed the carefully During the past week a consign- i maintained balance between produc- ment of eggs of the American jaketion and consumption. trout (salvelinus christivomer) has; gome to Switzerland. This fish grows! to a large size in extensive waters like the great lakes, and has thrived ————— i ATLANTIC COAST TRADE. and become a favorite in the Jeeplnuvy Shipments Between Canada 7 lakes of the Alps. Yesterday a cablegram arrived {rom Holland asking for eggs of the Chinook salmon, a Pacific genus. ‘In spite of the fact that the Rhine, which empties through Holland, has been a commercial and industrial river for ages, up until the war enough care was exercised so that the Atlantic salmon ‘could ascend the river up to the foothills of the Alps. They have been almost exterminated, however, and.the Dutch authorities X 3 of’ tryini it the S8 oL, o€ Solen ot and United States. Atlantic Canada ranked third on the basis of foreign trade with the United States for the first ten months of 1921, according to a report just issued by the Department of Commerce. During that period this region accounted for 14 per cent of our total imports and < exports. Nearly all of our water- ‘borne commerce with Atlantic Canada bas its United States origin or des- tination on the great lakes. For the ten months covered -American ships carried 81 per cent of the imports and Jlnrecntofl.luw