Evening Star Newspaper, July 10, 1921, Page 30

THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY..........July 10,1921 THEODORE W. NOYES. . .. Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: Tribune Building, Chleago Office: First Nationai Bank Bullding. Office: 3 Regent St., Loddon, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning ‘edition, is delivered by carriers within the city at 80 cents per month: daily only, 45 certs per month; Sunday only, 20 cents per month, Or- dérs may be sent by mail, or telephone Main 8090, Collection ie made by carriers at the ‘end of each month. . Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.40; 1 mo,, 70¢ Daily only. 21 yr., 36.00; 1 mo., 50¢ Sunday only. ‘1yr., §2.40; 1 mo., 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1yr., $10.00; 1mo., 85¢ Taily only. 1yr. $7.00: 1 mo., 80c Sunday only. 1yr., $3.00; 1 mo. s \ Playgrounds. A few weeks ago the only public playground in the Columbia Heights section of this city, located at the corner of Park road and 1ith: street, ‘was reclaimed by its owners for build- ing purposes. This space had been used for a number of years through generous donation and it had been equipped and was the scene daily of the recreation of at least 1,000 chil- dren. When business need compelled its withdrawal these children were left without any place for exercise end games under supervision. They are now playing practically in the streets. In this situation the citizens of Co- lambla Heights have undertaken to macure, if poss/le, a suosiitate play- ground, but they have realized that the privation from which the chil- dren of their region suffer is not pecu- liar to them, but is felt by children in other parts of the city. So they have proposed and called a mass meet- ing of the people of the District, to be held later, at which the demand of the people of Washington for munici- pal playgrounds will be expressed. The preliminary meeting is to be held Thursday evening to plan the larger meeting, at which representatives of all parts of the District will, it is expected, present their needs. In this way it is hoped to set before the Commissioners in the prepara- tion of their estimates for the next fiscal year's appropriations and before Congress the requirements of the Dis- trict in this Important matter. Playgrounds are a necessity. In the course of the growth of this city spaces that were formerly available for the children’s recreation have ‘been absorbed and covered with struc- tures. The children have literally no place but the streets for their exer- cise and amusements out of doors, save on the few established play- grounds that have been with difficulty restored and preserved and which are ‘wholly inadequate in number. Several of these grounds are privately owned and are used for playground purposes only on sufferance. They .may be taken away at any time. L Forty-three per cent of the auto- mobile . fatalities In this District are of children under fifteen years of age. Most of these are the result of chil- dren playing in the streets. They play there because there is no other place for them. There should be & public playground ‘within at least six bloeks of every home in the District. If this ratio were main- tained, if the playgrounds were prop- erly equipped and supervised, juvenile fatalities in the streets would be re- duced very greatly.’ The health of the children would be improved. Good citizenship depends upon the character of the children. Unregulated play exposes the children often to pernicious influences. Under play- ground supervision these influences may be checked and eliminated through correction. Children who get their recreation on the playgrounds are better behaved, make better cit- dzens. The money invested in well ‘equipped and supervised playgrounds 18 an investment, paying a rich inter- est return. It is to be believed that if the real needs are expressed at the meeting that is to be held the Commissioners ‘will make a strong recommendation to Congress. And the hope is that on the basis of this recommendation tunds will be provided in the next Dis- trict bill for the provision of play- grounds where they are required, treating them as essential municfpal equipment, like the schools, the pro- tective organizations and other mu- nicipal necessities. ——— As Chief Justice, Willlam Howard ‘Taft will bring to the office not .only 1égal knowledge, but a wealth of ex- perience such as few men are per- mitted to find in a lifetime. | ——————e His announcement of a return to America recalls Big Bill Haywood's constant habit of making threats. A competent diplomat is now ex- pected to ascertain facts instead of concealing them. The Sam Browne Belt. ‘Some years ago one Col.Sam Browne of the British army in India, designed for himself from a piece .of nicely tanned leather a novel bit of equip- ment. He had noticed that the stand- ard waist belt, when burdened-with saber or holster,- sagged uncomfort- ably down over the left hip. This tend-: ency he sought to obviate. Retain- ing the broad walst belt with its brass fittings, he attached thereto & narrow and light shoulder strap, which, pass- ing diagonally from. the left hip over the right shoulder, afforded“the desir- ed support for his sidearms. Thus ‘was born the Sam Browne belt, which ‘when the world war broke upon Eu- rope in 1914, was standard equipment for commissioned officers in nearly every army involved. 3 .When the United States entered the war and our units crossed the At- lantio that belt was donned by each officer of the American expeditionary force, not primarily as e nseful sd-|kinds of markers, holster), but because It was essential |tablets at all points of sufficlent his- to distinguish commissioned from en-|toric interest to warrant such treat- listed personnel, and because it was deemed that Col. Sam Browne's in- vention added smartness to the none top smart American uniform. Our officers, taken by and large, Wwere pleased to wear it. They enjoyed its decorative effect. And when the war had been won and the return to Amer- ica effected, the unexplained - order that the belt should be discarded aroused much resentment in the breasts of those whose uniforms had shaped themselves to Sam Browne's bands and straps, and whose eyes had become unaccustomed to the un- broken ugliness of the American blouse. Gen. Pershing, exercising his priv- ilege to uniform himself as he pleased, alone continued to wear his. Sam Browne on this side of the ocean. Ap- pointed as chief of staff, almost- his l cers. The move Is an auspicious one, particularly as an evidence of the general's interest in “sprucing up” the uniform. A great majority "of those who have worn the U.'S. A. blouse—tight-fitting, small-pocketed, high-collared—are agreed that for dis- comfort and general impracticality as.| a ‘campaign garment it cannot be beaten. That the: restoration of the Sam Browne belt to its ornamental func¢tion may presage even more log- ical changes in the uniform is much to be hoped. New Einstein Theories, Prof. Albert Einsteiny. author of a profound if somewhat fuliginous scien- tific theory, has returned to Berlin. During his visit to the United States, ‘where he and his wife were courte- ously received, and where large audi- ences paid large prices to -hear his lectures, he assimilated three afstinct impressions of America: America is a country dominated by women, who make “play dogs” of the men; Amer- ica is a country whose scientific at- tainments it is nonsensical to compare with those of Europe; America is a country where colossal (how the adjec- tive must have rolled off the professor’s tongue) boredom is the lot of the people. The candor of Prof. Einstein anent his impressions of his late hosts and hostesses is perhaps & bit Teutonic. Yet it may as well be admitted that, relatively speaking, there is some- thing in what he says. The German idea as to the relative importance of the sexes is sufficient to account for the theory of feminine domination in America. When one is accustomed to regard & woman as an amoeba the discovery that other men are proud to accept them as equals undoubtedly Izoeu hard. The theory as to the rela- tive scientific ‘attainments of America and Germany (for when the professor said Europe he undoubtedly meant Germany) becomes comprehensible when one considers that Herr Ein- stein probably had in mind theoretical science, at which he is an unqualified success, rather than practical science, to which he has contributed but mod- estly. ; And then the theory of borédom in America: However insufficient the above volunteecred explanations may seem, here, at least, it is hot difficult to understand the professor. Inevitably his impressions of America were de- rived from the people with whom he came in contact. Courtesy prompted an effort to stifie yarns as the some- what vague ideas of relativity were expounded, and the effort was made. But since the observant scientific eye pierced through such discreet subter- fuges as a hand before the lips or eyes bravely restrained from drooping, we may as well “fess up.” The Americans with whom the professor came in con- tact were bored. Relatively speaking, they were infinitely bored. ! Many bolshevists are surprised to find themselves leading the. arduous life of soldiers, when their only ex- pectation was to join the army of the unemployed. I Some of the oldest families residing in the islands of the Pacific may as well prepare themselves for shocks as modern ideas of social life develop. l The German taxpayer has the satis- faction of knowing that his contribu- tions are in the interest of peace in- stead of war. | Interest in the north pole. is not great at present. The ice cream freezer seems more important. } Encouragement is being offered. Germany to manufacture everything except arms and ammunition. * ‘Washington’s Historic Points. Of all the citiés In the United Statés Whashington has a history that is of direct interest to the people of the| country at large. In its century and a quarter ‘of existence as the seat. of. government it.has been the scene .of many events of great impartance and the home of a wonderful array. of statesmen and soldiers. There is, in-] deed, no other city that bas s6 many| points of historic interest.. Some years ago an organized movement was start- ed in connection with one of the inau- gurations to mark these piaces as far as they can be identified and as fat as mesns permit. ~ Committees = were named and the work fwas carried on admirably from time: to:time. . Tém- porary markers were -erected and a few of them have since been sucteed-| ed by permanent tablets. The war interrupted this work. Now it is.to bs, resumed, the -Commissioners appoint- ing an enlarged citizens’ committee;un- der the chairmanship'of WillamV.Cox, who has been identified with the move-. ment from the beginning. The pur- pose is to complete: the identification of historic points and to' make ‘pro- Precision is -the first .requisite’ in this matter. Thers must be no doubt about the “location.” If conclusive testimony is not to be had on & cer- tain point it may be marked as a “possihility,” but not a3 assuredly su- thentic. Thus there should be two) i jumet to his equipment.(for mabers|porary. Funds should be.provided by were ‘not in vogue and the web . Nelt appropristion, snd not by privité sub- was more suited to carry the pistol scripti®=, ‘to first official act s to mags the belt |along toward the present these standard equipment for American offi- | ers should be placed. “prepais_snd'get bfonzb! patent food “advertisement® St R AR N e ment. The painted boards that wert at first set up on walls and fenceés do not “weather” well enough ‘to be used save as provisional identifying signs. The cost of their upkeep would pay in @ short while for metal markers. Many of the historic houses, dwell- ings of long-gone statesmen, have passed in the course of local changes. But it is interesting and valuable to}y have the sites marked. Unfortunately the structures themselves canhot be permanently preserved save in a very few cases. Private amd public im- provement cannot be stayeg for senti- mental reasons, but whenever ons of these notable buildings is razed or materfally altered its identity should be permanently noted. It would be a mattar of julgment for the committee just named by the Commissioners to determinc how far mark- No fixed period can be established as the iimit. But whatever is done in the way of tablet placement this committee should com- plle records down to date for the use of the historic points committees and conservators of the future. In short, this organization just effactel by the Commissioners should he regarded as permanent, as, indeed, a committee on the history of Washington. Pushing Schoolhouse Work. In pursuance of their policy of pushing the new 'school building pro- gram at the utmost speed the Com- missioners have engaged the services of eight private architects to assist the municipal architect in drawing the plans. This will prevent conges- tion in the municipal architect’s of- fice and will insure simultaneous work on all of the structures, provided con- tracts can be let for them at the same time. Heretofore the school buflding construction here has been delayed be- cause the municipal architect has been unable to handlé with his limited force the volume of busiress laid upon him. With eight private architects at work all of these plans can be pushed, and unless there is a great shortage in labor and materials in the local mar- ket every one of these structures should be ready by September 1 next year. Congress having responded generous- 1y and promptly to the emergency call for appropriations for these school- houses, the District government should do its utmost to put them into serv- jce on schedule time, in season for the school year of 1922-23. Judging from the enterprise already shown at the District building this will be ac- complished. And it will set a good showing to the credit of the District at the Capitol. More school build- ings are needed and more appropria- tions will probably be voted, and Con- gress should be shown that if the money is provided the District can do the work. ( The Sam Browne belt is indorsed as a part of the military uniform. In keeping up an army it is needful to consider details and keep up appear- ances. $ There may be doubts in Lenin's mind as to whether Mr. Washington Vanderlip has transacted enough business to justify his expense ac- count. i The old" contention as to gold and silver has subsided since oil became the recognized standard of wealth. The cost of living may go down enough to make tickets for the mext prize fight a trifle cheaper. # l The ex-kaiser might welgome a trial as one last chance to occupy the cen- ter of the stage. i f Peace is established, but several portions of Europe resolutely refuse to enjoy it. 4 One of the few men who can make stafistics genuinely interesting is Mr. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDBR JOHNSON. “You must not take my photograph,” A wise man gravely sald. “The public wants a merry laugh. I wear a frown instead. “For in the midst of serious cares Some gloom is sure to fall. A man, though famous in affairs, Is human after all. “Sometimes I'm weary; often sad. Vexations rise anew. 3 But none save an: expression glad The people wish to view. “So chide me with satiric ease. Il bear it with good grace Nor seek to make reply—but please Don't photograph my facel” “Do you believe in corporal punish- ment?” “Certalnly not. After a boy reaches a certain age, corporal punishment ceases to be discipline and becomes an athletic event.” v Jud Tunkins says & man who never lets friendship interfere with business 1s.pretty sure to let business interfere with friendship. Indefstigable. The oid thermom sets out again ‘His terrors to renew. ‘We :take vacations, now and then. ‘Why can't he take some, too? A Case for Silence. “Josh,” sald Farmer Corntossel, “did, you tell' the new summer boarders there are no mosjuitoes worth men- tioning?" “Yes. The language that has been used about those mosquitoes has got 20 free thit the less they are men- tioned the better.” Wasted Career. “How- old did Methusaleh live to “I don’t know. He wasted his life, |- anybow, By not prolonging it at & time ‘when .he qould. utilize it ss POLITICS AT HOMB\Escape of Men Responsible : For the Atrocities of War The Tariff Battle. In some observations about the tariff and its prominence as an lssue in many campaigns the St. Louls Globe-Democrat says: “But in the national campaign of Iast year it was scarcely mentioned, and aroused no interest wahen it wi Yet now, without a bugle call, wi out a drum beat, without a rhetorical address ‘to the American people' and without even a protest from the democratic party, a general tariff bill 1s quietly presented to the House of whence Representatives for p it will proceed to the awalts it with a strange calmness that looks very much like indiffer- ence.” Softly! The battle has just opened. There will probably be racket enough as it progresses. The democrats are not consenting to the Fordney bill, and not all the republicans are. There is debate in the whole measure, and before it is laid before the President for his signature it may undergo some important changes. The Senate is ex- pected to review the House's work in detail. The truth is the tariff question has never before been presented in the aspect now existing. The conditions of trade have never before been as they now are. Foreign trade has never before entered so largely into our cal- culations, and foreign trade is as much out of plumb as our own trade. In soliciting and providing for it we have some new things to consider. Protection is still the republican policy. time s surrounded with difficulties hitherto unknown, and which call for nice adjustments. 1y of man size. The republicans are being put to their trumps, and should welcome that sort of game. They are old players, and for years have observed the run of the cards. And if with their ex- perience and the size of the stakes on the table they are not inspired sufficiently to win, they will deserve no sympathy when they lose. The job is decided- ————— Jeffersonian Democracy. In'a recent contribution to The Star former Vice President Marshall says: “I am myself a Jeffersonian demo- crat. I am not convinced that the principles of Jefferson have been im- proved by the many appendices and addenda attached to them by well- meaning persons who conceived that the business of a political party was to discover and put into effect some- thing new.” Mr. Bryan has recently proclaimed himself a Jeffersonian democrat. He asserts that if his party is to hope for restoration to power it must return to the principles that long gave it power. The shade of the Sage of Monticello is his guide and counselor. Joseph W. Bailey, in an effort to secure the democratic nomination for Governor of Texas, raised the stand- ard of Jeffersonian democracy last year. He was not successful. The state of Col. House, Albert 8. Burle- son and Thomas W. Gregory did not rally to the old colors. The Wilsonian democracy triumphed. Here are three men giving their adherence to a brand of democracy that once carried everything before it. It has not been so popular of re- cent years. At any rate, victory has not been invoked in its name. Are these men, long prominent in their party, to be characterized as reaction- aries? They do not so regard them- selves, but only as followers of a leader who, as they contend, wrought and taught for all time. Although Mr. Jefferson has been dead for nearly a hundred years, his message is as po- tent with them as it was with the democrats of the generation that first received fit. And yet nobody has defined for pop- ular instruction the difference between Jeffersonian democracy and Wil- sonian democracy. Such a definition would be widely read and maybe as widely discussed. What better em- ployment could sny ambitious demo- crat ask? And if he should succeed in making all clear at a time when #0 much is in fog, he might find his reward in high public station. —————— Chai White. The Fourth of July address of Chair- man White of the democratic national committee conveyed to some of the democratic politiclans more than the congratulations expressed as to the party's prospects. He assured them not only of his being still on the job, with & keen eye for everything pass- ing, but of his determination to re- main in charge of organization work for a time, and maybe until the meet- ing of the next democratic national convention. Mr. White is referred to as a Cox man. To a degree, he is. He is a personal friend of the Ohio leader, and was selected by him for the post he now holds. But there is nothing to show that he is using his post to ad- vance the Cox fortunes for 1924. His holding on to his duties is in the usual order of things. But if the movement: for & change in the post is renewed and pressed, in whose interests will it be? Last winter's maneuver was con- strued s in the interests of Mr. Mc- Adoo. It was a little amateurish, but that was due to the fact that it took place during Mr. McAdoo's absence from the country. Had he been at home and in close touch with. his im- patient and impetuous ' lieutenants, they would probably havs been re- strained. Inthooflnwnot-mo‘oth;ei_vfi.c old birds in the democratic roost, a renewal of that movement in' Mr. Me- Adoo's interests or anybody else's in- terests would be unwise. Better let Mr. White stay where he is, under The Chicago convention de- clared for it, and the November vic- tory was in part won on the declara- tion. But applying the policy this S b S BY THOMAS R. MARSHALL. Forimer Vice President of the United States. ‘WO recent occurrences In the public life of Europe tend to disclose the s tling and wholly deplorable fact that the great world war was only an ffcident in the life of mankind—not an event. The first was the decision of the highest court of Germany in the case of Lieut. Commander Neu- mann, who was charged with tor- pedoing the British hospital ship, Dover Castle. There was no dis- pute about the facts that he sank the ship, that the crew perished, that no one escaped through any neglect of his in seeking to de- stroy ell on board. None but an ignorant or evil-minded man would deny that this was an infamous crime, backing up his opinion by the decalogue and the golden rule, by the ordinary dictates of human consclence and the well established provisions of the law of natlons. And yet Neumann went acquit. What reason did the court give? Merely that he committed the crime at the express orders of the German admifalty and that obe- dience to orders absolved him from all responsibility to law, either human of divine. The judgment of the court ir marvelous only in the light of tho opinion of many men that the Prussian aristocracy was respon- sible for the great war with all its cruelties and its horrors; that the great mass of the people of Ger- many were not in accord Wwith their brutal system of government; that they should not be charged with the barbarism of militarism, and that the German people, after the emperor had been dethroned, were in acoord with those dictates of humanity which have come into the law of nations, through the silent influences of the Christian religion. I cangot understand the com- placency with which the decision was recelved. In America, editorial comment was scant. Does not the decision reveal that the thought that ruled Germany before 1914 is still dominant? Why is not the world making the heavens ring with its protest against the in- famy of the thing? A people is to be judged not alone by its executive and leg tive branches of government. is to be judged also by its judi- clary, forfrom the judiclary flows the deliberate judgment of the moral sense of a people. Univer- sal condemnation by the German people, s0 whole-hearted as to convince the rest of the world of their sincerity, is needed or the world will be convinced that the German people have changed their form of government without al- tering its value. * % % ¥ This decision is at all fours with the teaching of Hegel that the state is an entity which has no connection with the moral ideas of the individual. It is a re- announcement of the doctrine that the king can do no wrong, that the state bears no relations either to God's law or the individual consclence, that whatever exer- cise of power may be necessary in order to subsist is justifiable, however repugnant that power may be to the common conscience of mankind. Upon this doctrine was based the whole gospel of frightfulness; upon it William justified his declaration that the war was & war between conflict- ing civilisations. The world was willing to forget the horrors and cruelties inflicted by Germany in the war so long as it belleved that they were the result of German militarism. It' was willing to give the German people the benefit of the doubt as to whether the cruelties were an expression of universal. German sentiment. But now that Neu- mann’s crime has received the ap- proval of the highest 'court of Germany it is needful for the world to take notice that the peo- ple of Germany have been taught from their earliest years that the state is & thing separate and apart from the individuals who compose it, that it has no responsibility to any law either human or divine which would militate against the maintenance of the supremacy of the state. This sentiment may not be dishonest. It arose from train- ing and education. Free democ- racles of the world, however, may waell consider this state of mind and habit of thought to the end that the German people may not be admitted upon an equality with their peoples until different courses of training and education shall have imbued the people of Germany with s different idea as to what constitutes modern civil- ization. * % %% The second occurance was In connection with the act of Sen- ator Duplantier in placing before the French senate an Interpola-. tion on what measures the Frenc] government intended to take con- ni! execution of the treaty :rv:i‘nlllel relative to bringing A Fautile Proceeding. A parade of 30,000 or 200,000 per- lonpln New York city in opposition to prohibition may in no way re- flect the sentiment of the nation on this subject. There has n any question that the “wi ponderated in the metropol! to the extent of unanimity. The na- tion, as & unit, must be f;nlhlned in order to get any eviden ¢ sentiment on the “dry” de l‘n New York ect in altering the can ha no s of the voters in the northern !vl’:r'ol New England states, in the Iths of the central 3'3"3:'&% mountains, or in states of the south, yet in those sec- t Was fl'?l.l" thoh prgh-lbltlnd'n owth and sprea .”tm.:lhg. gave ‘:vld-nu of their o ot aiready not & :!‘::h lln&. time did not involve the voting strength of the nation. ‘The rork demonstration shows that in it are mot rec- egime, It in- that so many could be u“‘hfl futile undertal - T e |4 ‘Willlam Hohenzollern, ex-Kaiser of Germany, to trial for his crimes against humanity. After an up- roarious discussion nothing was done. I venture to express an opinion which I am ‘quite well aware I8 diametrically opposed to the opin- fon of nearly every lawyer Who lays claim to any knowledge of the legal principle involved. I know that the universal opinion and conduct of mankind have heretofore held government of- ficials wholly blameless for the inception and prosecution of a war. I am, myself, a believer in Tennyson's statement, that free- dom should broaden down_ from precedent to precedent. I do not understand this statement to mean that a precedent should be used 2s a dam to impede the widenfng, deepening and onward flow of civilizsation. It may be that courts should decide their causes upon precedents, but they are not wise for themselves or for their peo- ple when they do mnot broaden down these precedents to others. Much of the irritation in public life has arisen from the fact that courts have assumed that one case can be at all fours with an- other. This is not true. poleon was wise in more ways than as a warrior. And he never disclosed his greatness more surely than he did when he provided that the French courts should not declde causes upon precedents. Legisla- tive bodles are constantly com- pelled to dispose of precedents by statutory enactments. The law is worth nothing If it is not a growing science. * % x® Some centuries ago a butcher in Pngland sent out his wagon in charge of two apprentices. One of them fnjured the other. The in- jured apprentice brought suit for damages against the principal. The court held that the principal was not liable and announced what is known as the fellow-serv- ant rule. Hundreds of maimed men In America went without re- dress for their wrongs because the courts of the country extend- ed this fellow-servant rule to em- brace within its provisions a track layer and a train dispatcher a thousand miles apart. So griev- ous became the wrong that legis- latures had to interfere. Great wrongs arising from the doctrine of assumed risk and of contribu- tory negligence compelled legisla- tive bodies again to interfere in the Interests of common justice. Granting that' the courts were justified in deciding causes ac- cording to precedent, it is true that, had the courts broadened the currents of justice from prece- dent to precedent, made new precedents as justice demanded, instead of using old ones as dams. much frritation would have been prevented and there would have been no need for legislative inter- ference. * k X ¥ ‘When the treaty of Versailles was signed .the government of the United States was a signatory. It was known that the.Constitution of the United States made the treatles of this government the supreme law of the land, and it was feared that the old precedent, which prevented the rulers of a government from being brought to trial for alleged crimes against humanity, would prevail. In or- der to dispose of this precedent and to fix a new standard of gov- ernmental responsibility an article ‘with reference to the trial of the German emperor Wi inserted in the treaty. We are not parties to the treaty, but as reasonable beings we have a right to express opin- fons. The war was fought in vain unless a new measure of responsi- bility to the future was fixed. I do not pretend to say that the German emperor was guilty. I do pretend to say that he should be put upon his trial. We have not advanced very far If we have not by this time learned that war is but homicide in the aggregate. Most of us have nothing to do with the making of war. If we had there would be very little of it. How can any one say that to kill thousands is less frightful than to kill one? How can it be argued that I should be responsible if I kill my neighbor, but that I should g0 scot free if I kill a million men? : Among nations, as among men, homicide must be homiclde. Those who begin war must understand that at its concluslon they will be put upon their trial before a fair and impartial tribunal to deter- mine whether the homiciaes for. which they were responsible were committed wilfully, purposely and with premeditated malice, wilfully and purposely without premeditat- ed malice or in self-defense. T express the hope that when our government comes to legal peace . with the imperial German empire it will not forget the article in the treaty of Versallles which calls for the trial of Willlam Hohenzollern for his alleged crimes against hu- manity.’ (Oopyright, 1921, by Thomas R. Marshall.) Consider the Newsboy. One of the great New York news- papers pays an astonishing tribute to the young merchants who sellits wares upon the streets. This newspaper, like practically every other, printed an_ “extra” after Saturday's prize fight. When the papers arrived at Times Square the young man whose business it was to sell them to the newsboys, taking their cash in re- turn, found himself overwhelmed by an eager flock of youngsters who grabbed the papers as fast as he could open the bundles and raced away to dispose of them without going through the usual formality of ‘ang for their stock. ny @ boy could have kept all the money he received as profit and neg- lected to pay for his papers, but, 5o the paper declares, as soon as: the storm of selling was over the turned to the neighborhood an tled, until the cash turned in was ex- actly what it should have been for the number of papers sent out from th; h:‘tl" of nlulb lenl}nn. ‘was only ordinary honesty, it is true, but a kind of honesty met with seldom enough to be uncommon. ars famjliar with newsboys. The newsboy expect and he ocertainly doesn’t intend to chest anybody. = —Hartford T Yet it would be expected by those doesn't to be cheated, 'imes. (democratic). | lore power to.him..| \ HEARD AND SEEN/FIFTY YEARSMK}O N Maybe it was the hot weather, but more probably it was the love of small boys for adventure. The 0ld saying about “stolen sweets are sweetest,” or however it goes, seems to apply to the average young- ster of this and other cities. Police of the tenth precinct were busy last week making raids on small boys perched along the roof of a convenient garage, from which they g0t free views into a motion picture theater. y & clever system of footholds in the rain spout, the kids managed to mount to the roof of the garage every evening. From that open-air space they could look into the theater and see the silver screen in all its glory. ... The night of the first raid four ‘cops” officiated, two mounting to the roof of the garage from opposite ends, by means of ladders, and two staying in the alley. “Cheese it, the cops shrilled one boy, as the bluecoats appeared over the "roof. It was a greater thrill the pictures afforded, even. than Every THE ST Opposition to the territorial board of public works' program of improve- ments in the District continued Ay, years ago. An- A Slimly Attended other m eets w Mass Moeting. oyrea, but s the following in The Star of July 5, 1871, shows it did not smount to much: “The spontaneous grand mess meet- ing of oitizens which was to have been held on Capitol Hill Monday night to protest against the improve- ment bill did not come off. Some- body %ad been at the pains to erect, a large stand, with ample accommo- dations for a crowd larger than could be accommodated within walls, but at the time appointed for the meeting less than a dozen were present, in- boy made for the edge of the roof.|cluding the knights of the pencil. “Don’t jump, officer. But most of the boys did jump, and not a one who hit the alley was caught, so slippery were they. All the officers got that night were the boys who were afraid of a high jump. After the raid one of the officers walked along past a house, and knowing the householder, asked: A ,do you know where your 57" “He said he was going around on Park road to play,” said the parent. “He got caught in the raid” re- torteq the officer, recounting the his- toric event. “And he told me he didn't want to g0 to that show tonight,” replied the father. » s Two men had their dignity some- what jolted Independence day by an officer of the law, who either had poor eyesight or a good sense of hu_ll:r;.nr. s e two men were helping the children of the nel.hborhoo‘; fi‘r. off their firecrackers in the evening. Sure, the boys had plenty of fire- crackers—cannon crackers, too, 1898 vintage. Just one of the men was about ply & match to one of the big along came the policeman. boys stiffened, and the two men looked guilty. “You know this is against the Jaw.” sternly reproved the officer. “You boys ought to be ashamed of yourselves,” he continued, “especially you two big boys.” * * X It was announced during the week that the new branch postal station establfshed in the Post Office Depart- ment would be open from 8 a.m. to 8 pm. and that lock boxes would be available to keyholders only during those hours. ‘When the main city post office was | Pay! housed in the department building, ten years ago. I am told, it was the custom to have the lock boxes open to_patrons twenty-four hours a day. There was one keyholder who made it a practice to come for his mail about 3 o'clock every morning. Now this happened to be the time when charwomen were at work. When- cyer the man came for his mail he ound buckets and mops in his way. So he kicked. > % The Postmaster General—Cortelyou, I belleve—sent back a “hot one” in reply. “We pick out this time of day for the charwomen in order not to ‘inconvenfence the greater number of patrons.” he said. “If you insist on coming in the middle of the night for your mail you must put up with the conditions you find.” boys!" shouted one (Col. Philip did not come forward, but and went ‘Gen." A. Grant appeared ithrough the characteristic perform- ance of calling the meeting to order, nominating a chairman, vicd presi- dents and secretaries and appointing committees, after the Bentonian and Philippian style of setting the ball in - motion, ‘solitary and alone.’ “As stated by us on Monday, the live men of that part of the city who signed the call did 8o upon the repre- sentation to them that the meeting was to be held to secure a fair share of improvements for that part of the city, but when they found that the demonstration was to be used as capital by the opponents of the Dis- trict government and against the im- provement biil they concluded to let it alone severely.” * * x In a later issue, July 8. 1871, The Star thus pays its respects to efforts, headed by one of the Reasons for local newspapers, to eae queer the whole im- Opposition. rovement proect: “The Tammany Organ, unsucocess- ful in its attempt to cripple the District government and defeat the improvement loan blll, now carries its partisanship to the extraordinary length of seeking to break down the financlal credit of the District and make it impossible to raise the money to carry out the proposed improve- ments. Let the people understand this fact: Governor Cooke can readily raise the money needed to carry on the District government at € per cent. If the taxpayers have to bear the burden of a higher rate of interest, it will be solely due to the mischievous partisan efforts of the Tammany Patriot crowd, who. in their rule-or-ruin policy, care little how much they damage pusiness interests and the interests of tax- rers 80 that they make a point politically. They would prevent the expenditure of a single dollar for improvement or the employment of a single mechanic or laborer, because they cannot secure the handling of the money or the selection of the men for the furtherance of their own selfish political purposes. The mase- of the people, who see business and improvements of all kinds at a stand- - still through the hindrances made by - these Tammany politicians, are thor- oughly disgusted at being made to suffer in this way from the miserable pettifogging tactics of two or three political lawyers and a hungry Tammany newspaper.” * * % An item in The Star of July 6, -" 1571, states that on that day Rock’ * Creek Church, ‘The pathetic Insistence with which red-haired women we-r}m Creek Church of which Rev. brown,” was the way the street-cor- ner philosopher phrased it. “Somebody wrote once that brown dresses and brown ribbons were ideal | for red-headed girls and women, and now they don't care to wear any other color,” continued the philoso- pher. “Perhaps 1 am all wrong, but when every woman with the auburn locks Insists on dressing in brown, and you meet ten of them in fifteen min- utes, the next brown dress you see you look for a red-headed woman. “And, sure enough, you find her. It seems to me I'd wear red, or green, or something, and maybe I'd get &y in the rush. But brown is a give-away." CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. James A. Buck Consecrated. was rector.. would be consecrated acconling to - the rites of the Protestant Episcopal Church by Bishops Whittingam and Pinckney of the diocese of Maryland, It states that the church was orig- | tnally built in 1717 of wood, and re- bullt in 1775 of brick. but was mever - consecrated for the reason that there were no bishops in the country before the Revolution. Within the.- past two years the structure had been enlarged and modernised, and | would now be solemnly dedicated to the service to which it had been de- voted for more than a century and a half. It was this building that was burned a few weeks ago. DIGEST OF FOREIGN PRESS “Miss Sherlock Holmes.” Writers of detective fiction—high- | class or otherwise—have created many types of the super-thief-catch- er; the master brain which tracks the elusive wrong-doer, and brings him, or her, to justice. It is safe to say, however (writes a London _ Daily Chronicle representa- tive), that not one of them has had the daring to choose a pretty fair-|ereq thas haired girl of seventeen as a success. ful antagonist of the clever criminal. Yet living and working in London today is just such a detective; not a mere beginner, either, but a profes- sional of many months' experience, who has slready caught more than one rogue, and in cases where male detectives of greater apparent knowl- edge had failed. This young lady had better be known es Miss “Holmes,” after her great prototype. Her appearance is recisely that of any blonde young Eusineu girl. When a Daily Chron- icle representative saw her yesterday he could only gasp and say: “But you don’t look in the least like a de- tective.” he replied, with a gay laugh, why 1 succeed so well, I ex- pect. People who have been doing wrong never dream that I can be after them, however bad their con- science may be.” Miss “Holmes" confessed that seme of her cases are not very pleasant. She even admitted that she is natu- rally shy! “As e matter of fact, I sometimes feel very frightened,” she added, “but 1 do what I have to do, and I am sure that nobody knows that I am fright- but I ened. “The work is very hard, too, 1like it. It frequpently happens that I have to stand about in one place all day, when I am watching somebody. 1 dare not even leave my post to get some lunch, for if one goes away just for a minute you can be sure that the person you are watching will choose that very minute to slip away. “Most of the cases I have been en- gaged in so far have been thefts. I have not had much to do with di- vorce, and I don’t want to. disguise myself, except to wear old clothes, but I hope that will come later.” ‘When she left 001, not very long ago, Miss “Holmes” took up short- hand and typewriting, but found the life not exciting enough. A constant visitor to the pictures, she W led “The Clutch! Han¢ which a graat deal of smart d tive work figures, and at once de- or cided that she would become a “gleuth.” She 18 now employed by Miss Maude st, London's lady de- tective. Recently, Miss “Holmes” has been successful in tracing the author of a series of thefts at a London col- lege. Posing as a student, she at- tended the college and csught the thief red-handed within a fortnight. Bhe is now leaving for the provinces, ‘where a similar problem awaits hs and here she will probably have to play another part for a considerable time. Miss Maude West, the girl detec- tive’ mployer, said that, in her experience, girls and women make Detter detectives than men. “They have more tact, 1“‘% eeptions, and a more vivid §i tion,” she said. “I get numerous &p- plications every week from boys and < I never | F1 2|to 18,000 (and this A S LA SN S Uy L R B e U young men who fancy they have de- tective powers. 1 have tried several of them, but I only found one of them |a success. He was a smart little | fellow, but I hag to get rid of him as he was such a shocking thief.” Austrian Distress. Reducing things to dollars and cents sometimes makes them easler to understand. When it is_consid- t Austrinn currency has only 1-100 (1 per ceat) of its pre-war purchasing power. while, according to the Independence Belge of Brus- sels, there are many middle-class Austrians who have had their salaries increased less than ten times, it is not hard to imagine the profound mis- ery in which a large part of the pop- ulation is forced to live. The effect is the same as if an American earn- ing $30 a week should suddenly have his wage reduced to $3! The paper says: “The political situation in Vienna eplorable, but the econmomic sit- uation is still worse. This gets worse every day, without it being possible to stop, even The crown has just reach (consequently one franc eq crowns). It would not do t rus to appearances and conclude that this country s a veritable Eldorado for those who possess francs. They are of course privileged If their situa- tion 1s compared ‘with that of the Austrians, but the price of living has increased in much more considera- ble proportions than the fall of the rown. “A table of the different prices in Vienna in April last permits of judg- ing. This table was established of cially, according to statistics in Vi-t enna, and has consequently all guar antees of exactitude. It presents good subject for meditation for the who fear for the economic conditio of our western countries. - “If we want to 'messure the In- crease in the cost of living in Austria; n increase which defies all qualifi- tion, we must stop for a few mo- ments before ti following fl’vrll: which cost in July, 1914, 44 heller, cost last April, 85 crowns:. bread in this period rose from 33 heller to 38 crowns; sugar has risen. from 0.84 heller to crowns; fat, . from 1.90 to 315 crowns. equais 100 heller). 54 “In the dress line we see & man's suit rise from 60 crowns (July, 1914) f course, tailor's’ 85 crowns; a pair of boots of 16 crowns to 1,800; & felt hat from X crowns to 1,200. “Taking an average of all these. figures, we see e cost of living has increased since 1914 ffty-two times for light and heat, 119 times for food and 172 times for clothes. . "1t we remember that in Austria besides war profiteers and speculs- tors of all kinds there is the population—the middle Whose income is not ten times ms - much as it was in 1914, we shall easily understand into what terrible. distress this category of citizens is . plnged. i “The conclusion which we come tq - by the light of these facts is that. es and Norman A?c ‘may think, there is a tremendous differ.. ence between the economic situatiom of the conquered and the COBQUAress. 4 ! ’ ' .