Diario las Américas Newspaper, April 6, 1958, Page 14

Sth YEAR @. 4 SAN ROMAN President 0 AGUIRRE ¢ ond Publisher _ Publishes Gally except Monday.— Entered as second class matver at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla, on February 8 1956. ‘DITORIAL POLITICAL No matter how excellent the ideological principles Antonio Ruiz Managine Editor 5 Cents—Outside Metropolitan area, 10 cents. ee Flood Calls Panamanian Deputy's BOLD ACTION’ By Application - for the Canal Zone an “‘Impertinence’’|!N LATIN AMERICA 8. SMITB President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President. Ecitoy and Manager MORALITY THE AME Flood described Panamanian De-} puty Ramén Gamboa’s application for oil exploraticn rights in the; Canal Zone as an “impertinence” | WASHINGTON. (UP). — De-| that responsible Panamanian au- mocratic representative Daniel J.;thorities will dispose of this im- For a better understanding MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA, SUNDAY, APRIL 6, 1958 ve, ae THE WU $. NEEDED Oil Rights into avow crests WASHINGTON. (UP). — Julio A. Laearte, Uruguayan. ambas- |sador, said that “bold action” by | United States is necessary to save jof a similar depression to that Flood introduced five pages of |°f 1929 the exports of raw mate- documents into the Congressional | Tials from the Latin American | | countries, pertinence by a prompt dismissal of the application”, ASD between the Americas STRIKE BELIEVED ILY _ Castro Asks Cuban Women to “Die if Necessary’ to Death Against Batista SCHEDULED FOR Fight jand said it should be dismissed | Record of wednesday, to support | of political parties may be, no matter how wise the cons- | jromptly. |his view that the United States] The diplomat expressed con TOMORROW AS BAT TLE LINES FORM titutional and legal precepts, if there is no responsibility |” jjood is a member of the House | has exclusive sovereignty over the|@M¢e that action in the way of a} in the part of those who exercise Public Power, if they | Merchant Marine Subcommittee] Panamé Canal and the Panama Ca-|"¢W financial aid and more per- have no morality, the Administration will march in a man- | on the Panama Canal. He has in| nal Zone. manen rane rete Wale ennien 908, Government Garrisons in Principal Gities ner adverse to the interests of the Republic and the wellbeing of the community. If when they are in the Government, politicians do not live up ‘in good faith to the doctrinal programs of their parties, if when they reach the high Government positions they do not execute with honesty the provisions of the Constitution and the laws of the Republic, and for every- thing they find subterfuges,.it will be imposible for them to win national respect and, in the same manner, it will be impossible for them to channel national tife through paths of progress, freedom and peace. It ethical principles are all the norms supposed to direct the destinies of the State become inoperative, because systematic disregard of honesty, will destroy in a few moments that which was the object of a long process of political maturity. For that. reason, the peo exercise some influence, should ‘direct their efforts to demand with veliemence, with sustained sincerity, respect im the part of government officials for all that which means moral prestige of republican institutions. absent from the Government, the wrong interpretation, the ples, and above all those who jrecent speeches attacked elements in Panama who have agitated for nationalization of the Canal and return of sovereignty over the Canal Zone to the Republic of Panama. Asked for comment on Ramén Gamboa’s application, Flood said: “It is a simple question of law, | and not one of theory. The law| speaks for itself and is much more eloquent than I am. “Based on that law, there is no juridical basis on which the Re- public of Panama can act other than to deny such a petition. “The purposes and personalities behind this movement simply con- firm the statements I have been making with reference to the si- tuation in Panama. I am satisfied & The publication represented an extension of remarks, following Flood’s address in the House of Representatives on March 26, Then he charged that there was extre- mist nationalistic political agita- tion in Panama; and a propaganda campaign from communits sources for internationalization of the Ca- He expressed satisfaction with the recent statement of Secretary of | State, John Foster Dulles, that this | matter is being considered by the |highest officials of Eisenhower's government, Lacarte made this statement to | the United Press, soon after leay- |ing for Uruguay,’ where he is col- laborating with his government in nal. the plans for the reception of Vi- Representative Flood prefaced|ce-Presidente Richard M. Nixon, his supplementary publication with | who will initiate in Montevideo his the statement that his address of| good will two weeks tour to eight March 26 dealt “with the subject|South American countries. Uru- of jingoism on the part of certain] guay excepts to present to Nixon radical elements in the Republic|a detailed report of the difficul- of Panama, attacking the jurisdie- | ties of some basic exports of that tion of the United States over the|country im eonnection with the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone.| U.S..economic crisis, Lacarte said. “In that address I indicated the| He added the tendency in prices difference between the Suez Ca-| of the basie products in the world nal and Panama Canal situations,| market shows “a virtual paralysis” but the lack of time prevented} which reflects in the markets of adequate development of this phase| U.S. due to the great reduction in If everything could be solved through accomodating formulas that, in favor of the interests of the powerful, the vassals with certain amount of intelligence know how to tind, which they use only for those dismal tasks, it would be easy to govern with skill. But it happens that it is imperative, in order to have a reasonable success that really benefits the people, that those in the government, all of- ficials, in their corresponding ranks, discharge their func- tions with a sense of moral responsibility, within which the Constitution and the laws of the Republic are duly respected, apart from intrigues and interests incompatible with the dignity of the Fatherland. ° ’ The citizens should demand enactment of wise, well sriented laws, and also they should demand from the high ranking public officials. that they respect such laws within the most strict norms of morality. ee WR ek _atin American Finance ind Trade News Reports VK. eonomic Commission Meeting In Santiago; Chile the co-operation of various spe- cialized agencies of the United Na- tions, the Committee of the Whole ..| will likewise have at its disposal SANTIAGO — On 7 and 8 April detailed background data on what ‘e Committee of the Whole of| has recently been done to achieve € United Nations Economic Com:| the closest possible co-ordination ission for Latin America will and the intensification of certain éet in Santiago at the headquart-| activities furming part of Central | ‘s of the organization. This will | Americs’s basic social capital, such | WIN PENDLETON Congress is still trying to settle gress is still trying to settle the the Everglades boundary dispute. Land that was once almost worth- less and was slated to go to the park now looks valuable to many awners who want to keep it. Oth- er land that was originally includ- ed in the plans for the park are not needed. The wrangle over the final boundaries has gone on for several years. Senators Holland | and Smathers have a bill that! would settle the question. The | same bill is now going through the House. During the Easter re- cess, some members of the House Interior and Insular Affairs Com j mittee will travel to the park to see for themselves what the argu- {ment is all about. Florida Con- gressman Jim Haley, a member of the Committee, will be with the group; also Dante Fascell and} Paul Rogers, sponsors of the bill. | Other Congressmen scheduled for this Florida trip are: Mrs. Gracie Pfost, (D-Idaho), Al Ullman (D- Ore), Ed Edmondson (D-Okla.), + the sixth session of the Com- ittee of the Whole, and, as in sevious years, it will be attended +. delegations from the twenty atin’ American countries and om France, the Netherlands, the nited Kingdom and the United ‘ates of America, all of which ‘e members Of the Commission. | The Committee of the Whole is mvened in years when no session _ the Commission is held, so that ie Governments may be inform- i of how the secretariat is de- sloping the work programme re- ammended to it at previous meet- igs. (The last session was held at a Paz, Bolivia, in May 1957, and ve next will take place at Pa- ama City in 1959.) AT the forthcoming session of xe Committee of the Whole, the al point of the proceedings will '@ progress report presented + the Executive Secretary on the dies and projects already un — st way, The Governments will al- _ take note of other documents saling with specific’ activities, ich as the progress of the Lat- American regional market.pro- ‘amme, the economic integration Central America, the construc- an of a United Nations building Santiago and United Nations ghnical assistance in Latin Ame- ea. ‘The progress report on inter- atin American trade and the re- onal market will refer to the rst session of the Working Group, ad recently in Santiago and will | view the earlier events which up to the appointment of this ents of the Commission at the venth session that the secretar- “consider the desirability «of ‘editing the implementation, thin the shortest possible time, resolutions 2 (I) and 3 (1) of e Trade Committee, with a view taking @ more decisive step to- ‘ds their underlying objective.” With regard to the Central Ame- in Economie Integration Pro- ‘amme. which the Governments that area are carrying out with (@ expert sesistance of ECLA and as electric energy and transport, | as well as on work to prepare the way for the gradual establishment of a multilateral free trade system | and the integrated development of industry. i George Christopher (D-Mo.), Wil- |liam A. Dawson (R-Utah), John | Rhodes (R-Ariz.), J. T. Ruther ford (D-Texas), Stewart Udall (D- Ariz.). Both the Technical Assistance | Board and the Technical Assist- ance Administration of the United | Nations will submit to the Goy- | ernments at this session their re-| | spective yeports.on their most re- | cent activities on behalf of the economic development of Latin | | America in the fields of program- | ming and statistics, development | of natural resources and energy, | industrialization and productivity, transport and . communications, | agriculture forestry and fisheries, | | public administration, health, edu- | | cation, community development, housing ete. NEW PUBLIC WORKS PLAN IN VENEZUELA CARACAS. —(SICO)— Vene- |zuelan engineers are preapring a plan for different public works, | through an autonomous agency of jthe Government, and some parts of the plan have been published, | according to reports issued by the| Engineers Guild of Venezuela. | A complete study just finished) will make easier for the Venezue- | lan Government to realize this pub- lie works program? within well- established technical norms. A| | technical group is working in the | completion of the plans. LESS “BRACEROS” TO WORK IN THE U.S.A. MEXICO CITY (UP)— The U. | S. recession and extensive winter | crop damage in the southern U.S. states will mean that only some 350,000 Mexican migratory farm workers can expect to find jobs on American farms and ranches this | year, the Interior Department es- | | timated today. Original estimates said that 450,- 000 workers would go the US. this year. - In 1957 a total of 480,000 “bra- ceros’ as the migratory workers are called, obtained season jobs in the U.S, According to the Bank of México they brought $34,713,. { { | MORE PRESSURE NEEDED?— | Last week we told how Senator Holland had asked the State De- partment to file a high level pro- test with England over her failure to buy American grown fruit. Holland said that because of all the financial help we have given England, the least she should do would be to buy our products — especially when the price and the quality were better than she could get elsewhere. The State Depart- ment didn’t do anything about it. This week, Holland called his own high level meeting. Present were Senators Knowland and Kuchel of California and Neuberger of Ore- gon. Also there was Douglas Dil- lon, Deputy Under Secretary of State for Economie Affairs. The meeting became fairly heated. Re- sult: State Department will lodge protest. Copy to be reviewed by the fruit producers before it is mailed, Time — right away. HOW HIGH THE BRIDGE? — Some people like draw bridges. But, the U. S. Army Corps of En- gineers prefers high fixed span bridges. They are much cheaper to maintain, And highway traffic moves better when it isn’t stopped | for a draw to pen. But, how high to make them? The Engineers say that 55 feet will take care of all necessaty traffie where the bridges pass over inter coastal waterways. Some ship owners insist that all fixed span bridges be 85 feet high. Arguments on both sides will be heard in the Engineers’ Office in Jacksonville, April 8th. If you are worried about the height of brid- ges, be there. TWO YOUNG CONGRESSMEN —Scene: banquet at the Shoreham Hotel, staged by the Citizens Com- mittee for the Hoover Report. Honored guests: Florida Congress- men Dante Fascell and Paul Ro- gers. Reason: their part in passing the government reorganization bill sponsored by the Committee. (Ro- of the subject. Hence, I now un- dertake to supply explicit, detail- ed, and carefully considered dis- cussions of dissimilarities between the Suez and Panama Canals”, Documents reprinted in the Con- gressional Record included ad- dresses made on May 18, 1957, to the Panama Canal Society of Wa- shington by Maurice H. Thatcher, the only surviving member of the Isthmian Canal Commission; and Captain Miles P. Duval, retired na- val officer and historian; and a statement made in May 1957 by) major general W. E. Potter, Gov-| ernor of the Canal Zone. Representative flood concluded his inserted remarks with the statement: “On the whole, Mr. Speaker, it must be perfectly clear that there can be no question as to the ex- clusive sovereignty by the United States over-the Panama Canal and Canal Zone in perpetuity. “The assertion of any so-called titular or residual sovereignty over the Canal by Panama, in the light of the facts involved, is purely academic and serves no purpose except that of agitation and ag- gravation. “In this general connection, I would submit, the realistic truth is that any diminution or dilution of United States sovereignty and control could not possibly yield a successful result: this, regardless on whether Panama or some other nation than the United States might be concerned. “As I have heretofore discussed the subject’ this was recognized in the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty of 1901, wherein Great Britain re- linquished to the United States certain existing rights held by the former with respect to the cons- truetion and operation of an Isth- mian Canal. “The United States policy was established thereby; and, for the reasons I have enumerated, was followed in the adoption of the treaty of 1903. ‘ “Finally, if Panama kad joint sovereignty and control with the United States over the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone, would this make for greater or lesser stability for the entire enterprise? “In the light of history the ans- wer must be obvious. Undoubtedly, those who framed and executed the Treaty of 1903 had the pro- blem of sovereigny and control clearly in mind, and undertook to provide a solution for all time”. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief — CITIZEN DONATES , PUBLIC SCHOOL GUATEMALA — Hilario Galin- do, a private citizen, gave $75,000 to the Government for a school in his home town, San Felipe, depart- ment of Retalhuleu. He, also do- nated a $25,000 city lot on which to build the school. COLOMBIAN LIBERALS QUIT CONSULTATIONS BOGOTA (UP)— The Liberal Party has decided to abstain from further consultations with rival rightwing conservatives on the choice of a joint candidate for next month’s scheduled president jal elections, The Liberal announcement left the question of who that candidate 000 im earnings back to México, gers authored it, Faseall ‘floor managed” it.) will be in complete doubt. Last week rightwing eonserva |fundamental Latin American ex- |ports such as coffee, wool, lead, | zine, tin and copper. Lacarte agrees with Dulles’s declaration to the |press that “raw materials are”, | undoubtedly the first to suffer the impact of an eeonomic depres: | sion”, ‘Echandi Reaffirms Decision to Get Rid of Armaments BOSTON. (UP).—Mario Echan- to sell the few armaments in | stock to buy tractors and plows. “Our Constitution, he declared, prohibits the maintenance of a |regular army. We have a police {force for the protection of indi- vidual rights. I don’t know why | other governments have acquired armaments. I will sell them to buy tractors and plows, and if nobody wants them, 1 will drop them into the sea”. He announced his government} will struggle to improve the rela- tions with the Central and South American eountries, and that he | will fight communism to death. Dr. Echandi has come to Boston to see the United Fruit Company directors. He added he will well- come foreign investors, whose rights will be guaranteed. CORPORATION FORMED TO SELL MACHINERY IN LATIN AMERICA NEW YORK. (UP). — The “La- tin-American Development Corpo- ration” has been eonstituded here for the sale and distribution of equipment, machinery and mer- chandise to the twenty Central and South American Republics. H. Struve Hensel, lawyer, past Assistant Secretary of Defense of the U.S. is the president of the board. Percy Nagel, Chilean miner, and Jorge L, Laske, Argentine lawyer, are members of the board, and executive viee presidents in charge of the coordination of activities in Latin America. Harold Friedman, vice president of Sutro Brother Co. of New York, and Herbert Macau- Kiffe, member of the stock ex- change of @hile,' ave directors, di, President elect of Costa Rica| mornin declared his government will try| - HAVANA, April 5. (UP).—The rebel Cuban leader, Fidel Castro, appealed to Cuban women to die if neecesary in the revolt against the government of Fulgencio Ba- tista, whieh he said, will break at any moment”, In Havana there is a hull similar to that which precedes a storm. Castro’s promise of “all out war” probably will be a general strike which it is believed has been eal- led for next Monday. The authorities have installed defenses in all roads leading to the city, and passengers, baggages and trunks in all vehicles are strictly inspected. A special guard was placed in the tunnel of the Almendares Ri- ver, which it is feared to be one of the rebels objectives m ease of an attack. The battle lines for Castro’s long — threatened “total war” were drawn today between imsur- gents im the hills and loyal troops in the eities of Oriente Province. The rebel radio ealled Friday for a revolutionary general strike, urging Cuban workers to “fight in the houses and on the streets”. Castro bas warned repeatedly that his slow-motion revolt would flare imto war if President Ful- gencio Batista is still im power “after April 5.” K was rot clear whether he intended to leunch hostilities today or on Easter ig. . ..BEADY FOR ACTION .... The loyal garrisons of Santiago, Bayamo, Guantanamo, Manzanillo Holguin and other Oriente cities were ready for action on the as- sumption that Castro meant to start his fight today. Feverish preparations were| made in Santiago in particular. Barricades of sandbags and con- erete were erected at key points, and two — ear patrols Proved the PLANES RETURNED In Miami, officials of the In- ternational Airport reported that three planes of the Cuban Aero- postal Airline were taken back to €uba early this morning. Three other planes, stranded at the Air- Ready for lmmediate Action Against Rebels them back to @uba, still Miami. Officials of the Miami branch of Cuba’s EAI airline had crip- pled its three stranded C-46 air- liners by removing one of the two engines from each plane. In Palm Beach, board ehair- man Elmer H. Bobst of the War- ner Lambert Pharmaceutical Company, said on his return from Cuba his firm is so certain of Batista’s eventual ‘victory that it is doubling its plant eapacity in the Havana area. ORIENTE PARALYZED Bobst told Jonathan Koontz of the Palm Beach Post — Times that Castro’s rebels are “mostly teen- agers, eriminals and Communist hirelings . . . dangerous beeause they are terrorists”. The principal effect of the re- volt so far has been to paralyze normal activity im Oriente. Inter- urban rail and road traffic is vir- tually at a standstill, with rebel snipers likely to fire on anything that moves. Santiago’s only travel link with the outside world is the airliners which are still serving the eity. CUBANS, DOMINICANS PICKET WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON, Abril 5. (UP). — Cuban and Dominican political exiles jomed forces today to picket the White House in protest against what they called “ilicit shipment of arms” by Dominican strong- man Rafael Prujillo to the €wban Army. About 50 pickets marched in “front of the executive mansion ecar- rying banners proleaiming “down with all dictatorships in America.” They also earried Cuban and Do- minican flags. The demonstation lasted nearly two hours before it prepared to move to the €uban and Dominican embassies. In an open’ letter to President Eisenhower and Secretary of State Jonh Foster Dulles handed out by the pickets, the demonstrators eal- led for a halt to all military and economic aid to Trujillo and Cu- ore in port when pilots refused to fly ban President Fulgencio Batista. The N. Y. Herald Tribune Points Out Danger of Red In NEW YORK (UP)— The New York Herald Tribune publishes to- day, under the tittle “Cuba’s ‘Hour of Peril”, an editorial in which it says: “Batista government sources have termed the crisis precipitat- ed by the rebellion of Fidel Cas- tro Ouba’s. “greatest hour of peril.” The danger of widespread vilence and economic hardship is, of course, very grave. But behind this eonfusion and fear another threat can be glimpsed: Cuba’s out- lawed Communists have ealled for support of the revolt and a “‘popu- lar front.” Whatever Fidel Cas- tro’s own sentiments on the mat- ter may be (and these remain ob- scure) it is quite elear that sue- rrilla activities and strikes, the too, tive leader Laureano Gémez pro posed that Alberto Lleras Camar go, Liberal Party head, become the joint candidate. Subsequently Gémez’ party newspaper, El Siglo, attacked the liberals for “subter fuge” on the problem of select ing a candidate. The conservatives and the liber als have agreed on a “national union” bipartisan government for the next 12 years. A congress with equal representation for each par ty was elected last month: The next step is to choose a single candidate agreeable to both po litical groups for the May 4 presi dential elections. DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BUENOS AIRES (UP)— Ar 96 Nucete Sardi, new envoy from Caracas, presented his credentials to President Pedro E. Aramburu. The two nations “interrupted” the diplomatic ties last year in a dispute over propaganda activi ties of exdictator Juan D. Perén who was living in Venezuela with the permission of then President Marcos Pérez Jiménez who was overthrown last Jan, 28. NIXON TO VISIT STROESSNER ASUNCION, Paraguay $UP)— President Alfredo Stroessner told the inaugural session of the Con gress that Vice President Richard will visit here beginning May 5. He said Nixon’s visit will be “an gentina and Venezuela full diplometic relations when Jo M. Nixon, of the United States} filtration in Cuba suppression, offer the Communists an opportunity. “Fidel Gastro’s own forees have grown considerably in recent months. Beginning with a hand- ful in the hils it now musters eo- lumns of as many as a thousand men, threatening Santiago. The government is retorting with emer- gency decrees, controlling the courts, giving government employ- ees the right to kill in self de fense and the like. The prospect of a savage little war is apparent. “Whoever wins such a struggle, Guba will lose much during the fighting and would losé more if |’ extreme radical elements of Right or Left, should gain the ascendency. Rightly, therefore, the government is still offering am- nesty to the rebels and guaraities of free elections. US. WARNED ON ECONOMIC POLICY BUENOS AIRES (UP).—An Ar- gentine news magazine warned that unless the United States changes its economic policy to ward Argentina, relations between the two countries will deteriorate. The nationalist. weekly publica tion Que eriticized the “systematic dumping” of American farm sur pluses and said “it is evident that American economic policy tends to dislodge Argentina from the Ame rican continent, at least from the eeonomic point of view.” WHEAT FOR BRAZH: MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay (UP) —Negotiations for the sale of 90,000 tons of wheat to Brazil for event of extraordimasy importance’ for Paraguay, '$7,000,000 are near eompletion, imfonmed quarters seid todo, When the people know that their government authorities aré the result ef political fraud, of arbitrariness and of disrespect of the republican’ institutions —in other words, of all that represents authority ilegaly ae+ quired— they are hardly willing to submit to the mandates of those who abuse them. Im such instances, the people keep watchful, waiting for the first chance to get rid of the ep» pressive yoke. The story is not the same when the people have to endure a bad government le gally empowered for a determin. ed period of time and which does not make use of tyrannical measures, as when they have to bear a regime with credentials obtained with the help of bayo- net blades and whose procedures in the administration of national life are incompatible with hu- man dignity and with the sov- ereignty of the Republic. And if, besides, the eivic and political torture has no visible end; the citizens have no choice but to reeourse to patriotic conspiracy: + to recover the eountry from €or- ruption and to Hberate the Ré- public from such abuse. : Tasurrection against such ex treme situations of suffering and despotism is sometimes not only a Fight of the people —who are the source of political power but it is also their obligation, because it is a erime against the country to stand idle im such cases and not do at least what is humanly possible to preserve the high values of the Republic im the administration of the im- terests of the State. ‘These eases cannot be eon- sédered punishable, they eannot be treated as irresponsible alter- ation of the public peace mor aa attempts against the stability of a legitimately eonstituted gov- vernment. They are eases of supreme urgency, of imperative obligation and of absolute Reces- sity for the collective wellbeing of the people. * And in order to determine the legitimacy or legitimacy of @ government, it is not necessary to enter into long and technical considerations, nor should the constitutional disguise of the regime be taken blindly, as # ia well known that in some Latin American countries the play of democracy is staged im false and repulsive scenery. The concept relating to the origin of the gov- ernment easily flows from: the conscience of the people. No community exists knowing not if their government authorities originate on bases of democracy, or if they are the product of moral impudenee and.of brute force. eae —_—_—$—$<$_ $$ et RED CANDIDATE IS A€TIVE CATHOLIC MEXICO CITY (UP)— Miguel Mendoza Lopez, Communist Party candidate for the presidency of the Republic called for: Mexiean ¢ip lomatic relations with the Vatican, but with the maintenance of se. paration of Church and: State in side the Republic. ‘Fhe 74 year old candidate, who was drafted by the’ desperate com munists from the very small Agra rian Party which he headed, said there was no incongruity in-a self professed Roman Catholic being a cornmunist candidate. # “Those Who nominated me haye their platform as a political party, I have mine as a Mexican citizen and a believer in my faith,” was his bland explanation, Back im the capital this week after his first eampaign tour ‘to the provinces, Mendoza Lépez blasted the electoral system which he said virtually assures victories to official party candidates, and scored the Republic’s system of jurisprudence since “justice does not reach down to poor people who can't afford lawyers.” : x *k * ate