Diario las Américas Newspaper, January 4, 1958, Page 12

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people @ 4 3AN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managine Fditor c, TR Vice President THE AMERICAS DAILY For @ better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, JANUARY 4, 1958 8. SMITR Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice resident Rditor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Cire Mer Publishea daily except Monaay ~ Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs EDITORIAL GOVERNMENT. OPPOSITION £ Fla. op February 8 1950. D PUBLIC OPINION Speaking in ‘general terms, the leaders both in the Government and in the opposition are the persons who, basically, shape politics in each country. They act, in accordance with their interests —or ideals, if fortunately they have them— in everything related with the criticism or defense of different attitudes, as well as expressing | opinions which are orientating for their fellow citizens. | Colombian Govt. Grants Asylum to 18 Venezuelan Officers in BOGOTA, Jan. 3, (UP)— For- eign Minister Carlos Sanz de Santamaria. announced last night ;the Colombian Government has granted political asylum to the 18 Venezvelan rebe' officers who. ar- rived earlier in Barranquilla. Sanz de Santamaria added they No matter how discredited a Government may be, it always has supporters, even if they are onlv going after the | benefits they may derive from the national budget. On | the other hand, no matter how discredited an opposition group may be, it always may porting their leaders, even if it is only with the hope of being included also, when their turn comes, in the Budget of the Republic. Naturally, there are cases of Government and opposi- tien groups which have strong political support, without such support being subordinated to interests of economic type. And when that, and only that, becomes the attitude of those participating in politics, quite different will be the fate of the Republics, which suffer under the weight of in- terests contrary to their legitimate ends. In between the government and the opposition there is what may be called public opinion, composed of large groups of electors, whose political activities are very limit- ed, and whose life does not depend on party policies, nor from the groups in Power, nor from those who finance the campaigns of certain type of opposition. This third element of national politics is of great importance for the Republic, because, without noisy demonstrations, without demagogic manifestations, almost without anyone realizing it, they con- tribute to decide, with their final attitude, the political fate of the country. Publie opinion constitutes this third element, which is made up of relatively non political elements, which cau- tiously observe the moral character of each of the strug- ling groups, analyze their programs and strategy, and then fea towards the most convenient side which, according to collective judgment, has the heart, or, as it happens many times, through lack of faith in one or the other, this third element remains more or less indifferent, equidistant from the extremes. The inactivity of this third force in the political life of a country is that which, almost always, determines the sta- bilization of certain situations, many of which are adverse to the dignity of the Republic. third force abstains from intervening —and their way of intervening is to lean toward one side or the other— be- cause in neither dq they find a possible patriotic solution, based on order and good judgment, to end the crisis, without having it later, perhaps, return in an even worse way than before. Politicians, whether in the government or the opposi- tion, who know how to inspire the confidence of this third force, the one which, on time decides, even when perhaps military factors intervene, are those deserving the demo- eratic victories, KR Latin American Firance and Trade News Reports BRAZILIAN MINISTER FAVORS TRADE WITH SOVIET RUSSIA RIO de Janeiro, (UP)—Finance Minister José Maria Alkmin said he favors trading with Russia and other communist countries. “We cannot refuse markets at a time when Brazil must expand its exports coffee, cocoa, mine- rals and meat,” A.lkmin said. The issue of trading with com- munist countries is being hotly debated in’ Brazil right now be- cause of Russia’s determined dri- ve for increased trade with South American countries. As part of that drive, Russia offered to supply the Brazilian state oil monopoly, Petrobras, with all equipment needed to de- velop the countries potential oil resources. Jaime Cardinal Camara, arch- bishop of Rio de Janeiro, last week urged President Juscelino Kubitschek to refrain from ex- panding trade with the commu- nists. Alkmin also announced that the Government is cracking down on income tax evaders, especially tho- se in the higher brackets, whom he blamed for nullifying the go- vernment’s effort to balance the budget. “Credit: inflation has begun to decline ahd it is now time to fight inflation resulting from bud- get deficits.” Alkmin said. The chief task of his ministry during 1958 will be to increase tax collections by putting teeth into the laws against evasion, he added. The Brazilian Treasury deficit this year amounted to $345 mi- llion and congress just passed the 1958 budget showing a deficit of $115. million. Alkmin said no tax increases would be required to meet the cost of President Juscelino Ku- |mounced plans for a $10,240,000 | count on some elements sup- interests of the country at But it happens that this wk ok bitschek’s ambitious power and transport development programs if the government clamps down on the big tax evaders. MEXICO PLANING PORT IMPROVEMETS MéXICO CITY, (UP)— Mexican Navy Department The | an- port improvement program to be carried out in 1958 in the ports of Tampico, Veracruz, Minatitlan, Progreso, Salina Cruz, Mazatlan Guaymas and Ensenada. The projects form part of the six-year $60,000,000 “March to the Sea” program slated for com- pletion this year. Major improvements planned include completion of the mine- ral pier at Tampico and drydocks and port building at Veracruz. Mi- natitlan will receive a new dry- dock, and completion of a fish pier is slated for Progreso. Annex buildings and a floating dock are among improvements set for Salina Cruz. Dredging and widening operations are schedu- led for the ports of Guaymas and Ensenada. LARGE CUBAN SUGAR HOLDINGS SOLD NEW YORK. (UP)— Frank Fro- nent, President of the Guantana- mo Sugar Corporation. which has three mills in the eastern region of Cuba, confirmed that 44.46 per | cent of their common stock has| been sold to the Delta Develop- ment Corporation. The Guantanamo mills are El Soledad, El Isabel, and Los Cajfios, | all are located in the southwest | zone of Oriente Province, where, since December 1956, the rebel forces lead by Fidel Castro have operated Fronent said that by the tran- saction, closed on the 2nd. of De- cember, 1957, and reported to the Security. and Exchange Commis- sion, Delta Purchaséd 182.300 will have freedom of action with- in Colombian territory, providing they do not take up residence near the Venezuela border and do not engage in political activities. The Minister also said the plane in which the officers fled will be re- turned to Venezuela. Reports from Barranquilla say the fugitives who landed there are Majors Luis Carrillo, Roosevelt Adrianza, Néstor Rodriguez, Edgar Sudrez Humberto Leal, Julio C. Castellanos and Emiliano Pefia; Captains Enio Ortiz, Gustavo Fer- nandez, Juan Leiceaga and Fran- cisco Leén Alexander; Leiutenants Ramon A. Gonzalez and Fernan. do Paredes, and Second Lt, Pablo Know thy t Neighbo By ANTONIO RUIZ PANAMA.— The Province of Ve- raguas is the only one in the Re- public of Panama that crosses the entire isthmus, and thus has coast- line both in the Caribbean and the Pacific. The original settlers in this area preferred the cooler, |fertile highlands of the interior | to the seacoast, :nd therefore San- tiago, the capital, is located well inland This is one of the oldest towns in Panama, and the impor- {tance it had during the colonial period may well return to it as a result of its location on the new National Highway, midway bet- ween Panama City and David, in the western part of the country In recent years its trade has in- creased considerably due to the great promotior in agriculture in the surrounding region. Veraguas is called the bread basket of the Re public, because of the importance of its rice, corn. and other cereal crops. It also has thriving indus- tries in the production of hogs, poultry and coffee, Another natural advantage is the location in this province of im- portant gold and silver deposits that have been worked in varying degree from the time of the con- quest by the Spaniards. The Nat- ional Normal School was moved |some time ago from the capital of the Kepublic to Santiago, where it has been housed in a fine group of buildings in a modern campus. Sona, the second largest town in the province, lies on the National Highway, in a deep, fertile valley surrounded by high mountains. Near it is the inlet called Bahia Honda, calm expanse of the Pacific ‘beyond, where the United States fleet conducts its maneuvers while in Isthmian waters. f North of Santiago are several towns: San Fravcisco, with a much |admired colonial church; Calobre, | in a remote mountain district, a health resort especially frequented by persons suftering from rheu- mathism, because of its excellent mineral waters. and Cajfiazas, in whose vicinity tives a tribe of In- dians who have hehir own local governor and chieftain, speak their own language, as well as Spanish, and weave lovely multi-colored shopping bags which have great demand in Panama City. The Province of Bocas del Toro, lying north of Chiriqui, between Veraguas and the Costa Rican bor- der on the Caribbean coast, is a beautiful region where Columbus stopped on his Jast voyage to the New Yorld. The bay, called Bahia del Almirante, or Admiral’s Bay? was so named in honor of the great discoverer. Today there is also a fine port there, called Almirante, where for- merly banana “oats -arrived regu- larly to take on cargoes for the United States. In recent years the growing of abaca, for hemp fiber, has deen replacing the cultivation of bananas. Proauction of bananas most of which is by foreign com- panies, centered in Bocas del To- ro Province until 1920, after which it feil off because of the ravages of a fungus divease, and the in- dustry has shifted to the Pacific coast in the Province of Chiriqui. Since then Bocas del Toro has de- dicated most of its efforts to the cultivation of abaca, the source of what is called Manila hemp. It is also the strongest fiber known to man and the best material for shares of the Guantanamo com- mon stock. the manufacture of marine cordage. Spanish Version Page- 3. Barranquilla ;..The plane ¢rew includes Major Martin Paredes Captains Milton | Inciarte and Rafael Guilloyd, and |mechanie Antonio Marquez. CALM RETURNS TO VENEZUELA CARACAS, VEenzuela (UP)— Loyal forces guarded the presiden- tial palace today although the gov- ernment of President Marcos Per- ez Jiménez appeared in firm con- ; trol of revolutionary elements. Psrez Jiménez announced in a nation wide broadcast Thursday | that the New Year’s Day uprising | by Venezuelan air force and army units had been crushed. Pérez Jiménez said the revolt was. put down, by loyal govern: | ment troops “with a minimum of | losses”, Rebel radios which had exhort- ed Venezuelans, to join the fight against Péerez Jiménez went silent Thursday. At teast 18 leaders of the revolt flew to Colombia in Pérez Jiménez’s plane they had seizéd and were granted political asylum. Colombian officials said the plane wou.d be returned to Veneztiela. Military officials said other leaders had been rounded up, Foreign observers estimated several dozen planes participated in the raids on Caracas, concen- trating mainly on the presidential building and nearby government offices. While the raids were going on, anti-government street demonstra- tions were staged in Maracay. Most of the demonstrators were students, but some members of Thousands of US Tourists in Cuba Stranded by Rain and Heavy Winds HAVANA, Cuba, Jan. 3. (UP) —Thousands of American tourists were stranded in Havana today by winds and rain of near hurricane strength. It was the city’s ninth and worst “northeaster” of the year. No casualties were reported. More than 3.000 persons were left in Havana harbor aboard the giant cruise ships Olympia, Nieuw Amsterdam and Homeric which were not able to sail because of storm conditions. Other hundreds got a free over- night stay in Havana from inter- national airlines which cancelled late night schedules, About 600 American tourists and residents were stranded by swirl- ing waters in the swank new 12 million dollar Havana Riviera Ho- tel as waters of the Gulf of México crashed over adjoining sea walls and isolated the 20 story building in suburban Vedado, The plush hoterly was inacces- sible by car because of hip-deep flood waters, The Hotel Presidente also in the neighborhood was isolated. The famed malecon seawall drive along Havana’s coast line was ab- andoned by motorists as waves erashed over it from the gulf. Palm trees and billboards fell by the scores throughout the city. Telephone lines were blown down and power blackouts occur- the armed forces also participated. red in many parts of greater Ha- vana, Impressed by U. $ WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — The American farmer has posses- sions like the wealthiest of Brazil- ians, but he works as hard as the prorat Brazilian to get what he’s got. Such, at least, is the impression Lucia Nogueira, a ‘teen-age Brazil- ian, received after spending six months on farms in West Virginia and California, Lucia was one of 26 young farm- ers from 13 Latin American coun- tries who lived in the United States under the sponsorship of the International Farm Youth Ex- change of the Nation 4H Club Foundation and the Agricultural Extension Service. The youngsters gave their views on U. S. life at a going home press conference at the Pan American Union. The boys in the Latin American group saw the United States the hardway, they said. Carlos Harley, of Costa Rica, replaced a handy- man on an Oregon farm. Deliver- ing milk in town all day, every day, didn’t allow much time to get a broad picture of U. S. life, he said, but he found the experience “enjoyable and educational”. Elias Villegas, 19, of Honduras, also found farm life here restric. tive. He worked in the fields on California and Towa farms from 7 A.M. to 8 P. M., with time out for meals. “There was no siesta,” Elias recalled. | The youngsters were surprised |to find their U. S. counterparts | knew little about Latin America. | It pained one boy that his native | Dominican Republic should be con- fused with “some place in Africa.” || HEMISPHERIC_EVENTS | GREEK CHURCH CEREMONY IN ARGENTINE RIVER BUENOS AIRES (UP)— For thé first time in Latin America, there will be a benidiction in the Greek Orthodox Church in the waters of La Plata River. The ceremony will be held on the 6th of January, New Year’s Day according to that calendar—by the Archbishop Vicar of the Church in South America, Archmandrita Iacobos Papavasilo- pulos, with the auspices of the La Asuncién Greek Orthodox Cathe- dral. NINE NICARAGUANS ARE FOUND GUILTY MANAGUA— (UP) —A Court Martial found nine Army men guilty of having tried to rebel last. November. : The sentences will be revealed after the Advisory Board studies Exchange Students From Brazil Are . Farmers’ Wealth Generally, however, the visitors felt their experiences well worth the trip. The girls were bringing “Munch cheaper here”, one of them observed. The Farm Youth Exchange with Latin America of the Nation 4H Club Foundation is part of a world wide program involving about 50 countries, This year 126 U. S. farm youths have been sent abroad while 176 have come to this coun- try. México - United States, Agreement Extended WASHINGTON— (UP) —The U.S. and México extended for another two years, the agreement by which the U.S. maintains open a permanent credit of $75,000, 000 for México to help this coun- try stabilize the value ofthe peso, The agreement continues un- til the 31st of December, 1959, and the U.S. Under Secretary ot Ambassador, Manuel Tello, the Manager of the Bank of México, Ernesto Fernandez Hurtado, and and the U.S. under Secretary of the Treasury, Julian B, Baird. The agreement allows México to sell to the U. S. Treasury Mé-/ xican pesos up to the value of of 75 million dollars, paid in U.S, currency. Later México buys back those pesos, paying for, them in dollars, The credit is to help México maintain the value’ of the peso without having to place restric. U. S$. DRAFTS STRONG PROTEST TO HAITI ON TOURIST MANHANDLING PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti, Jan. 8. (UP)— U.S. Embassy officials today drafted a sharp diplomatic note protesting the alleged man- handling of an American tourist from Chicago on New Year's Eve, Embassy sources said today. They said the note would be bas- ed on a sworn statement made by Mrs. Rose Williams Allen,.27, of Chicago, who said government sol- diers ripped her dress, pinched her, stole her watch and dumped the contents of her purse into the street outside a Port au Prince tourist spot. Haitian Army Capt. Jean. Bea- uvoir denied the charges. He said Mrs. Allen was arrested because she bit a soldier and attempted to strike him:on the head with her handbag. The sources said Embassy offi- cials were particularly concerned about Mrs. Allen’s statement that Haitian officers bragged they “sim- ply crush Americans” at will. She said police chief Lt. Col, Franck Beauvoir mumbled some- thing about Shihly Talamas that she interpreted as meaning she was fortunate she had not receiv- ed the same treatment: Talamas was a young American who was bludgeoned to death in police custody Sept. 29. The Hai- tian Government has not’ yet ans- wered a previous American note in the Talamas affair, Liquidation of Cuban Atlantic Sugar Co. Voted NEW YORK. (UP)— Directors of Cuban Atlantic Sugar Co. have voted to completely liquidate the company, subject to stockholder approval, chairman John L. Loeb announced today. Concurrently, Loeb revealed the board has approved the sale of the company’s Duban subsidiaries, known as the Hershey Group, to Chiriqui Sugar Mills Corp. of Pa- nama for $24,500.000 in cash and short term notes. ‘ The chairman added that if stock holders approve the sale and li- quidation they will receive a dis- tribution of the proceeds of the hershey sale, other cash and se- curities and the stock of the com- pany’s main operating subsidiary, Compajfifa Azucarera Atlantica del Golfo. Buenos Aires Police Arrest 96 Peronists LA PLATA, Argentina, Jan. 3. (UP)—The Buenos Aires Province Police announced the arrest today of 96 persons charged with partici- pating in peronist terrorist activi- ties. The announcement said the group was linked with other uncov- ered recently and was receiving instructions from a subversive com- mand in Tucuman, in Northern Argentina. The Peronists were planning to wage guerrilla warfare in wooded areas, promote unrest and commit sabotage in Buenos tions on her foreign commerce. CONSERVATIVE LEADER DIES IN NICARAGUA MANAGUA—(UP)—The death of General Estrada, the Conser- vative leader, ex-Deputy, and Co- mmander in Chief of the Army during the administration of Ge- neral Chamorro has been announ- ced. He was 75. 4 General Estrada ‘took part in many armed struggles, among tho- se the revot supported by Cha- morro in Costa Rica, where he was defeated in the battle of El Jobo. BRAZIL FIRM ON SIDE OF DEMOCRACIES RIO DE JANEIRO— (UP)— President Juscelino Kubitschek has assured the country that Bra- zil is firmly on the side of the ise world in the East-West strug- gle. In a New Year’s message broad- Aires and its suburbs, the announ- cement said. Latin American News in Brief ed that “all nations are involved in the dangerous ideological debate” between the communist bloc and the west, He stressed that the world must continue to seek peace and that although Brazil’s position is clear- ly defined, the Government would never surrender its right to pass opinion on world problems, After reviewing the economic progress made. by his 23-month-old administration, Kubitschek added, “democracy has been consolidated in the country”. CARACAS, (UP)— The popula- tion of Venezuela increased by more than 20 per cent in the past seven years, the Government dis- closed today. Special Attention Start Investigation WASHINGTON, Jan. 3. (UP)— The State Department and Con- gress, it was learned today, are, at this time, dedicating very special attention to Guatemala, a coun- try which, according to U. S. sour- ces, seems to again be in danger of falling under communist in- fluences. i Since President Carlos Castillo Armas was assassinated by a com- munist sympathizer, last July, nu- merous communists and communist sympathizers have began to re- turn to the country. “We are very worried about the situation”, said a high State De- partment official. Congress seems to think along the same lines, and it is very probable that the House Foreign Relations Committee will start an investigation. Congressman Albert P. Morano, (R-Conn.) who was in Guatemala last year as part of a House Sub- committee, told the U. P. that the assassination of President Cas- tillo Armas “was a tragic loss for liberty” and has given the con munists new entry” in Guatemala. In USS. official circles, neverthe- less, there are hopes that the pres- idential elections which will be held in Guatemala on‘ the 19th of January will end the threat by giving the anti-communists a po- sitive victory. Three parties have candidates for the presidency. Two are de- clared anti-communists, but in the third, according to reports, the com munists have infiltrated, There are also fears that the elections will bring about bloood- shed. Guatemala’s economy, which suf- fers the consequences of political instability and an unfortunate drop in coffee prices, has been failing. : Member Inter American Press Association - r) For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 153 U. S. Government Reported Highly Concerned About Reds Return to Guatemala State Department, Congress Giving to That Nation House Foreign Relations Committee May of Red Infiltration employees strike and the anti-co- mmunist parties have not given any sign of presenting a united front. Presidential elections were held in the country last October 20th, but the elected government fell almost immediately due to demos- trations of protest against it. Un- til new elections are held, the Pro- visional government has neen unr der the charge of Colonel Gui- llermo Flores Avendafio. Flores Avendafio’s government assures that it has not permited declared communists to enter the country and that it has ousted several of the communist leaders who returned a short time ago. But, according to State Depart ment sources, the government has followed a “liberal” policy with the exiles and many of them have been able to return. Congressman Morano said that he plans to visit Central America “in the very near future”, in or der to see at first hand the situa. tion. “Especially, said’ Morano, we should take judicious action in or- der to impede movements which have the objective of disturbing the internal security of Guatemala. I am confident that, even with the advances made by the communists, the next elections will give victory to the force of freedom and de- mocracy”. The legislators have shown spe- cial concern in the case of Gua+ temala, since Congress, on two ote casions, has given the -Central American Republic special consida& ration in the U.S. aid program, In 1956, Congress assigned 15 mi- llion dollars to Guatemala, and last year she received 10 million do- llars, at least, from the funds des- tined for Latin American coun: The threat exists of a railroad tries for economic development, Argentine Trade BUENOS AIRES, Jan. 3, (UP)— An Argentine mission is going to make a trip through the iron cur- tain countries in sarch of commun- ist aid for the development of oil and coal production, according to a report published in “La Naci6n”. The newspaper believes that the mission, which will start the trip in about a week, will be presided by Raul A. Ondarts, Under Secre- tary of Industry. and will be made up of representatives of the Ban- co Central (Central Bank), Nat- ional Oil Monopoly, the State Te- lephone Administration, and the Coal section of the- Ministry of In- dustry and Commerce. It is also understood tat a cer- tain number of local steel compa- nies will send representatives with the mission at their own expense, in order to obtain iron and steel ingots in Eastern Europe. The government’s decision to send this group was provoked by the recent re-negociation of bi-la- teral pacts for interchange with the majority of the communist countries, especially with East Germany, Poland, and Ezechos- lovakia. These countries are MEXICOSTUDIES CAPITAL ‘SINKING MEXICO CITY. (UP)— Mayor Ernest P. Uruchurtu has expres- sed hope that this city’s “sinking” would be contained in 1958 by means of pipitg in more water and closing artesian wells in the municipality. Engineers retained by the federal district have estimated that the ci- ty is sinking at the rate of 12 in- ches every year. This is due to the porosity of the subsoil and the pumping of water by artesian wells aggravates this condition. Uruchurtu urged residents of the city to disregard pressimistic pre- ditions that the Capital would one- day sink below its own drainage level and be destroyed. He said the Federal District plans to pub- The Director General of Statis- tics said the population to date totals 6,221.571.. In. 1950, it was the Court Martial’s decision. cast nationwide, Kubitsheck warn- 5.084.838, lish a brochure on the subject informing the populace on the si- Mission Going to Red Nations, Seeking Economic Aid excellent buyers of wool, hides, meat, feed vegatable oils, ete, from Argentina Argentina has a favorable ba- lance of some $30.000 000, with which the mission hopes to pur- chase iron and steel, oil drills, telephone material, and aid for ad- ditional development of the coal mines of Rio Turbio. It is to be recalled that, at the end of October the Export-Im- port Bank of the U.S., refused a petition of $20.000.000 for the expansion of the Rio Turbo mines which are estimated to produce some 325.000 tons this year. It was alleged that the loan would help to conserve dollars. Now the U.S. sup- plies the major part of Argentine coal followed by Poland, Russia, Chile, and Pert At the end of the Peronist re- gime, coal mining equipment, was purchased in Czechoslovakia, which is now in use. The U.S. refusal of the ‘oan was coldly received then, Argentine authorities prefer U. S. coal to that of Poland for its be- tter quality but unfortunately, the scarcity of dollars is increasing little by little. Perhaps the basic factor for the Export-Import Bank’s refusal was the continued Joss in the opera- tions of the Rio Turbo mines which is estimated will reach 67.000.000 vesos this year Néwspaper reports from Vienna say this week of a contract ac. juired by Czechcslovakian represen tatives for the construction of. a medium capacity thermo-electric plant, which will be shipped in sections and set up by Czechoslo- vakian technicians, The famous Ganza factories of Budapest have constructed almost all of the first Argentine stream- lined trains, which are still in use. It is hoped that the renewal of the biiateral pact with Rumannia, which is now under discussion, will follow the pattern of the previous agreements wit Poland, Czechoslo- vakia, and Hungar- Argentina wants iron and oil from Ruma- nnia in exchange for shipment of cereals, hides, agricultural products in. general, and quebracho bark extract. On the other hand, Russian cul- tural penetration has considerabl increased in recent times. The | mous Russian revolutionay pie- ture, “The Cruiser Potemkin”, is being shown now after much pro paganda, Numerous documentaries tuation and efforts made to count- eract it, on the “Sputnik” artificial sate lites have also been exibited,