Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 7, 1957, Page 12

a Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 5th YEAR @. A. SAN ROMAN Cc. W. SMITH 8. SMITR President Vice President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE bet peg 4 AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Vice President Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Bliseo Riera-Gomez Managing Editor Advt. & Cire Mer. Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. om February & 1950 sera E SD SEN EEE RR A TSE "HHA OS EDITORIAL THE CASE OF THE U. S. ARTIFICIAL SATELLITE The reasons for the postponements of the launching of the United States artificial satellite are natural and normal ones, since it was very possible that the first attempt would not be successful. Nevertheless, this does not mean that systematic Russian propaganda will not make it seem to be an event of definite and fatal failure for United States scientitists. As we pointed: out in our wise to announce the details editorial yesterday, it was not of the launching, calling the world’s attention to an event which, logically, was very risky. F Due to the full functioning of democratic liberties, almost everything relating to government activities is de- bated in public in the United States. Of course, this should be the case as a general rule, because the democratic system requires it to be that way. But, with regards to the very delicate field of national security, it is necessary that, as an exception, which is no less than a confirmation of the rule, many undertakings and’ many determinations should be kept strictly secret. This, only in cases of secrets fa- voring the people, never those against them. It is to be hoped that from the partial and transitory failure of yesterday’s experiment, scientific explanations will not come along now, saturated with revealing details for the enemy, in an effort to let the people know the reasons for the failure. The public in general would not understand these explanations, but the learned men behind the iron curtain, who are so anxious to know how the United States is developing the program of what is called the conquest of space, will definitely know how to assimilate the facts regarding the artificial satellite. Sensible people have full confidence in the patriotism and scientific capacity of those who are responsible for planning and carrying out this program, and it is not neces- sary for these people to have to give exaggerated explana: tions which, in the final annalysis, would have more serious consequences than the acomplishment of sending the satel- lite to outer space. encore aera’ HOMMAGE TO THE FALLEN IN CUBA’S WAR OF INDEPENDENCE On the anniversary of the death, in the battlefield, of General Antonio Maceo, the Cuban people, on each 6th of December, pay deep felt tribute of respect to the patriots who fell during the different dence. battles for Cuban indepen- Around the monument which guards the remains of the outstanding citizen and valiant person of General Anto- nio Maceo, revolve the reverent sentiments of all Cuba and the admiration of America and of those who, from abroad, know how to pay homage to ig who gave their lives in order to build up a free country. . In this poet of democratic anguish in which Cuba is now living, the remembrance of eras takes on special im- portance, what political group finding a solution to hich should make all Cubans think, no matter ial they belong to, in the need for quickly the institutional and political crisis is now facing the nation. ea” this saaivernary of mourning for the Cuban nation, THE AMERICAS DAILY joins in the homage which is being paid to the memory of the Bronze Titan, of this great soldier and great citizen named Antonio Maceo, and to that being paid to all of those who fell in the Cuban wars of indepen- dence, those who, in one way or another, made the creation of another Republic in our America possible. a: ee | Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports URUGUAY-PORTUGAL SIGN TRADE, FRIENDSHIP TREATY WASHINGTON, D. C. — Uru- guay and Portual recently signed a commercial treaty of trade and friendship. The agreement, which is based primarily on its most-favored-na- tion clause, must be ratified by the legislative bodies of the respective countries and will enter into force on the date of exchange of notes for ratification. NEW SUGAR MILL FOR PERU A complete sugar mill, valueed at more ae $1,250,000 is being shipped to the Sociedad Agricola Pucala, Ltd., of Lima, Peri, from Buffalo, New York, by the Squier Corporation, a subsidiary of the Buffalo Forge Company. The sugar mil! has a grinding ca- pacity of more than 4800 tons of sugar cane per 24-hour day, enough for a sugar production of one mil- lion pounds per day. The mill, weighing 1,200 tons, will account for about ten per cent of Pert’s entire output. The contract is partially financ- ed by the Export-Import Bank and calls for completion of delivery by next April The mil) will replace one of European make which has a smaller capacity Each major unit of the mill will be assembled and tested in Buffalo then disassembled and packaged for shipment. About sixty-eight box cars, gondolas and flat cars will be required to move ,bhe mill to New York harbor. The plant will be reassembled in Pera by Squier engineers, and is expect- ed to be in operation by late 1958. CHILEAN LINE TO GET GERMAN CARRIERS The Chilean Line has ordered two bulk dry cargo carriers in Germany, according to announce- ment made by Pedro Serrano, the Line’s general manager in the United States and Canada. id Mr. Serrano said his firm has signed a contract with Ferrostaal, Inc, of Essen, an industrial firm, for the building of the vessels at the Blohm and Voss yards at Hamburg Cost of the carriers was not disclosed. The single-screw ships will be 534-foot, 17,000 deadweight vessels, with a 15-knot service speed. They will have steam turbine machinery. Delivery of the first vessel is scheduled for March 1960 and the second in June of that same year. One of the vessels will be used to carry iron ore and limestone along the Chilean Coast to San Vi- cente Bay steel mill. The other will be used to transport coal from eastern U. S, ports to the Chilean steel mill BRAZIL’S CRUZEIRO HITS NEW LOW The Brazilian cruzeiro reached a new low in terms of U. S. dollars in the free market of Rio de Janei- 10, where it is now quoted at 97.40 to the dollar, according to Franz Pick, foreign exchanges analyst. The cruzeiro has declined stead- ily from 74 to the dollar at the end of July to its current rate, WASHINGTON, Dec, 6 (UP)— The U, S. Commerce Department reports that business conditions in Cuha imoroved in October and, with few exceptions, merchandis- ing outlets reported an appreciable improvement over each of the pre- ceding three months as well as over October 1956. The report was released here for the information of’ United States business circles in the routine ser- ies the department publishes on economic conditions in other na- tions. It appeared in the publica- tion Foreign Commerce Weekly. It said in part: “Tourist traffic increased and at- tendance at movies and other pub- Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ ECUADOR — Following inde- pendence from Spain, Simén Boli- var actively promoted the idea of public education in Ecuador; how- ever, it was not until 1836 that the national government passed an organic education law as a result of the efforts of President Vicente Rocafuerte, who believed that pub- lic education was one of. the pri- mary duties of the State and the cornerstone of enlightened govern- ment. During the Presidency of Garcia Moreno, beginning in 1861, the number of children in the schools increased three-fold. In the reaction against strict control of the educa- tional system py the Church, lay schools were established as official institutions by President Eloy Al- faro, who also founded normal schools for men and women in Quito. Further advances were made un- der the guidance of educational missions brought from France, Germany and the United States. Today, the constitution provides for “lay education, free of charge and obligatory.” Educational in- stitutions, both public and private, are under the control of the Na- tional Government. The Ministry of Public Education exercises ad- ministrative and supervisory con- trol over all types of national, mun- icipal and private schools, and re- lated educational activities. The nation’s four State universi- ties are located in Quito, Cuenca, Guayaquil and Loja. The Central University, in Quito, one of the oldest institutions of higher learn- ing in the Americas, has under its direction the Astronomical Obser- vatory, the Conservatory of Music, and the School of Fine Arts, The new National Polytechnic Schools offer a five-year course. The Ecuadorean school system. comprises kindergarten, rural and urban elementary schools, second- ary, vocational and night schools, and universities Agricultural ex- perimenta. schcols have been es- tablished in the highlands and coastal regions; some are joint pro- jects of the Ministry of Education and the Inter American Coopera- tive Education resivce, which since 1943 has also given special atten- tio to the extension of rural edu- cation. A national campaign in adult education, launched in 1944 by the National Union of Journalists ‘of Quito and the LEA group of Guaya- most one thousand literary centers, which have taught over 200,000 adults to read and write. Many School Units have been establish- ed as a basic solution to the rural education probiem, Each nucleus consists of several elementary school teachers and gives adminis- trative educational guidance. . In 1950 the Ambulatory Rural Edu cation Service was established to help raise general living standards among the rura’ population. The rudiments of education, sanitation, health, and cultural development are taught by means of pictorial material, loud speakers and mo- tion pictures. Aside from formal educational institutions, the House of Ecuador- ean Culture is the most vital factor in the difussion of general culture by decree of 1944 “to direct and guide national culture,” this offi- cial center is financed with a tax on exports Frum headquarters in Quito and through its branches in other cities, the “Casa de la Cultu- ra” stimulates activities in all scien- tifie and artistic fields by granting scholarships and prizes, and by or- ganizing lectures courses, recitals, concerts and art exhibits. It has a printing press and publishes books and magazines. |” Spanish Version Page 3 — \ quil, led tc the establishment of al- | Cuban Economy Improved During October, U. S. A. Commerce Dept. States lic gathering piaces was generally back to normal. Commercial bank clearings totaled $440,000,000, which represented a six-per cent increase over the preceding month and nearly five per cent over the like month of a year ago. In bound cargo was at high levels owing to increased imports of petroleum and foodstuffs “The Cuban Government con- tinued its efforts to strengthen the price of Cuban sugar on the world market by transferring adddition- al sugar from its free world quota to its U. S. retained sugar quota. A total of 300,000 Spanish long tons now has been transferred from one quota to the other. “In spite of these efforts, the spot price of world sugars for Cu- ba, dropped from 4.63 cents a pound on September 30 to 3.70 cents a pound on October 30. On the other hand, the FOB price for U. S. market sugars showed little change. “As of October 15, Cuba had ex- ported 4,637,723 Spanish long tons of sugar and lucal consumption to- taled 253,355 tons. Exports were almost equally divided between the United States and shipments to all other countries, Japan, with 427,- 000 tons; the United Kingdom with 396,000 tons; West Germany with 377,000 tons and Soviet Russia with 348.000 tons continued to be the other four principal recipients of “Members of the twenty sixth of Cuban sugar. July revolutionary movement con- tinued to prociaim publicly their intention of sakotaging the 1958 sugarcane crop and mill installa- tions. At the same‘time, the Cuban Government and leading elements in the Cuban sugar industry — an- nounced that their protective mea- sures would be sufficient to insure no more than limited damage. “An unusually promising new mine development looking primar- ily to the production of pyrites was being readied in October for production operations in the West- ern Province of Pinar del Rio.” The report also covered numer- ous other aspects of Cuban eco- 4 RUBEN 0. MIRO Miré, Six Others Found Innocent by Panama Jury PANAMA, Dec. 6. (UP). —The jury deliberating the trial against Rubén 0. Miré and others accused of the assassination of ex Presi- dent, José A, Remén, declared Mir6 innocent. All of the others accused were also declared innocent. The jury, made up of five men and two women, began their 47th day of proceedures. According to the Panamanian penal code, the final resumé of the presiding judge is limited to instructions to the jury about how to regulate their deliberations. Their veredict can be taken by majority. FUNDS FOR REBELS COLLECTION BANNED SAN JUAN, Dec. 6. (UP)— Dis- trict Attorney, Rubén Rodriguez, in statements published today in “El Mundo”, said that the law pro- hibits funds to be collected or donations made if they are to be used with the aim of overthrow- ing the government of any friend- ly nation. The District Attorney refused to make any statements about if he Planned to investigate the activ- ities of the followers of Cuban tebel chief, Fidel Castro, but ad- ded that if the Cuban Consultate nomy. lfalian-Latin American Relations Geffing Better, NEW YORK, Dec. 6. (UP)— Giu- seppe Pella, Italian Foreign Min- ister, said here that in the Monte- video meeting “all possible ways of increasing relations between Ita- ly and the Latin American coun- tries” were examined, The meeting to which he re- fers was that of the Italian Am- bassadors in Latin America, over which he presided, “These relations ate very good —he added— but we believe that they could be bettered in all fields: political, cultural, and economic”, Pella said, when he arrived at the airport, on his way from South America, that the Montevideo con- ference will serve to minimize the fear that some Latin American cir- cles have towards the éstablish- ment of a European market. presented a complaint, he would have to make this investigation. Minister States “The European market has an objetive —he added— to strength- en European economy and by this, increase its buying capacity. From this, not only Europe will benefit, but also other countries, and main- ly those of Latin America, “who ———— + Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 131 Havana Police Arrests 17, Seizes Arms, Amunition, And Bomb Making Material © Ruiz Cortines Inaugurates Public Works SAN LUIS POTOSI. Dec. 6— President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines continued his tour of four Me- xican states with a visit to this state capital, where he inaugurat- ed various ~blic works, with a val- ue of some $8.000.000. The Chief Executive arrived aboard the presidential train “Oli- vo” from Tampico where he had inaugurated port installations vai- ued at almost $4.000.000. In San Luis Potosi, the President accompanied by several cabinet ministers and other officials, visit- ed the new Diesel engine repair shops just completed by the Natio- nal. Railways of México. Officials of the nationalized rail- ways said the new shops are cap- able of making all repairs required by the 400 diesel engines now in service throughout the country. “It will not be necessary any longer to send our Diesel engines to the United States to -be re- paired”, an official said. The Chief Executive also visited the new ‘Plan of San Luis stadium’ a hospital and other public works. President Ruiz Cortines started his six-day tour Sunday with a visit to Tuxpan (Veracruz) to inau- gurate the new Tuxp4n-Tampico coastal highway. In Monterrey, the president ins- pected part of the newly finished Tampico - Monterrey oil pipe line built by the government-owned pe- troleum company, Pemex, before returning to México City. GUATEMALANS ON STRIKE MUST BE PAID BY R. R. CO. Guatemala, Dec. 6. (UP)— The Presidential Press Secretary, Fer- nando Molina Mannini, said today that the U.S. international Rail- road company of Central America should respect the government’s agreement which orders them to pay four days sslary to the work- ers-who declare themselves to be on. strike The workers threaten to strike again if they are not pald these sell raw materials and foodstuffs /'sages. The company maintans that to Europe. He expressed the belief that the “political, economic, and social re- lations between Italy and Latin America will continue to the max- imum of intensity and cordiality”, since the end of the Montevideo Conference. The plane which carried him to New York made a short stop in Maiquetia. Pella was greeted by his Venezuelan colleague, José. Lo- reto Arismendi, and other high the government can not order the payment until the Courts have classified the strike as legal or il- legal. Molina Mannini adds that the gov ernment does not prejudge the legality of the strike,but that the company should pay in order to prevent a railroad strike, The President, Flores Avenda- fio, ordered the salaries to be paid, today, but the workers report that so far the order has not been carried out and that for this reason officials. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS ——— Latin American N A MILLION BRACEROS NEVER RETURNED MEXICO CITY —(UP)— More than one million Mexican migrant workers who went to the United States from 1942 to 1955 never re- turned to México and are now probably residing in the United States, accordine to figures of the Interior Department. Figures for those years were that 1,407,151 braceros were grant- ed permission to cross the border to work in American farms, Of that number, only 328,379 return- ed to México, It is possible, however, that some of those tisted as not having returned, may have in fact return- ed without notifying the proper authorities. IGSS OPENS PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER GUATEMALA —The Guatema- lan Socia! Security Institute (1. S.S.) opened a public health cen- ter in the Pacific coast port of Champerico, The center will give medical care to affiliated workers and their families in that area, Cases requiring lengthy hospitali- zation or surgery will be removed by ambulance to the nearby city of Retalhuleu, where the I.G.S.S, maintains a hospital for its affili- ates. NEW ELECTRIC PLANT TO BE OPENED SOON GUATEMALA — The “La Cas- talia” hydroelectric plant in the: Department of San Marcos (in west ern Guatemala) will be put into operation by mid-January, accord- ing to an announcement made last. week by Minister of Communica- tions and Public Works Casasola. The plant will not only solve the problem of light and power for the city’ of San Marcos but will spur industrial projects in the vici- nity which have been lagging for lack of power. } INCREASED LIQUOR TAX TO SUPPORT MILK FUND GUATEMALA —A bill is now before Congress calling for an in- crease of one cent per liter on all liquor, in order to maintain a milk fund for indigent children. It is estimated that 10,000 glasses of milk per day could be distributed they will go on strike again. ducers, rather than be passed on to the consumers in higher prices, CHILE SELLS NEWSPRINT TO ARGENTINE PAPERS SANTIAGO, Chile (UP)— Chi- le’s infant newsprint manufactur- ing and exporting industry passed an important milestone, when the Chilean steamer Ancud sailed from Valparaiso with 750 tons of news- print for the great Buenos .Aires newspapers, La Prensa of Buenos Aires will get 500 tons; La Nacién 150 tons and La Razén 100. First export shipments of Chil- ean newsprint were made recent- ly to newspapers in Bolivia and other points. Chile’s own consumption needs are being supplied by the local pa- per mills, with a substantial sur- plus for export. LOMBARDO TOLEDANO DENIES CHARGES: MEXICO CITY (UP)—. Vicente with the income from such a tax. The tax would be absorbed by pro- Lombardo Toledano, Secretary General of the Confederation of HAVANA, Dec. 6. (Special to The Americas Daily)— The arrests of 17 persons, among them one woman, was announced by the po- lice, who accuse them of subversive and terrorist activities. Twelve of those arrested were presented by Commander Esteban Ventura, who accused Dr. Prio Socarras of being the instigator of the acts of sabotage against the sugar cane fields. The arrested are: Pedro Pé- rez Davila, 22; Carlos Manresa, 34; Ceferino Lépez, 36; Rubén Olava- rieta, 27; Osvaldo Arteaga, 23; Ri- goberto Delgado, 18; José Alvarez 31; Juan Ramén Garcia; 26; ‘Silvia Piritén, 26; Rodrigo Rollo, 32; and Camilo Pérez Suaz, 27. All are from Havana or the suburbs. According to police reports, 2.- 500 ‘ping-pong balls, 300 dynamite sticks, 90 bottles of live phos- phorus, 6 rifles of different calibres bullets for rifles and pistols, car- bon bi-sulphur, bom detonators, plastic capules for live phosphorus, and other materials, were confiscat- ed. Those arrested were accused of planning to burn the sugar. cane fields in Guines municipality with ping-pong balls filled with a chem- ical compound. According to re- ports, a Ligth and Power engineer, Juan Ramén Garcia confessed to having taken part inthe explosion of a bomb, which was planted by Camilio Pérez, at a public light pole in front of the farms of Os- car Samalea, Secretary General of the Federation of Electric Com- panies. Pérez was wounded in the leg, as the bomb exploded at the time when he got into a car to escape from there. Mrs. Piritén confessed that two rifles had been hidden in her house and that she had re- ceived them from Gerardo Artiles Pérez. Rubén Olavarrieta con‘es- sed that he had hidden several ri- fles in his house. Camilio Pérez took care of preparing the ping- pong balls which were to be. used in burning the sugar cane fields. Pedro Pérez said that tHose hid- den in his house were: ones that he had received beforehand, Manresa suid tiat the dynamite thi: he had Prio Accused Again of Inspiring Destruction of Sugar Plantations | was scld to him by Ceferino ! éfiez, Eugenio Pérez, accused of taking part. in the placing of several bombs in Havana on the 8th of November confessed to having Placed one in front of a store in Camaguey. Others arrested were presened by Captain EVVELIO Mata, two of them accused of having taken part in the Cienfuegos upri ing They are: Celestino Fernandez, head of the group, 43; Antonio Cubillas, 26; Eloy Lescano, 46; Rogelio Guillot, 28; and ulio Pérez Santana. These last two live in Cienfuegos and are thoseaccjdes of taking part in the Cienfuegos uprising. TAMPAN KILLED Anthony Barcenas, said to be from Tampa, was drowned, when he tried to jump from the pier to a tanker, on which he was a crew member. It is though’ that he had been drinking. TWO CUBAN MOTHERS COMMIT SUICIDE HAVANA, Dec, 6. (UP)— Two Poverty-plagued mothers, one of them in the ninth month of preg: nancy, decided to end their lives and those of their seven children today. One of the mother and two of the children were dead on arrival at the hospital. The five remain- ing children and the second moth- er were on the critical list. Police said the mothers, who are married to first cousins, both of them taxi drivers, in an apparent fit of despair gave their children poison in their milk and then took the same dose themselves, The fatalities were: Mrs. Pilar Pérez Méndez, 26; and two of her sons, David, 1, and Delio 3, On the Critical list were: Mrs.Isabel Rebolle Fernandez, 32; her chil- dren Rolando, 4; Luis, 3; Julia, 2 and Iluminda, 7 months old; also pa Méndez’ remaining son, Da- ia 6. Both families lived in a humble apartment in suburban Mantilla, Dutch Engineers BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 6. (UP) A new Holland with dykes, wind- mills and canals may spring up within half an hour train ride from here as a result of Dutch tech- nical plans submitted to the Proy- incial Government for the drain- age and colonization of the Para- na delta. The Parana river empties the rainfall of Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and much of Argentina and Uru ews in Brief Latin American Workers, has den- ied charges by Ecuatorian Interior Minister Enrique Arroyo Delgado that he direets labor unrest throughout Latin America from México. Lombardo Toledano classified as “absurd and ridiculous” the char- ges which were published by news- papers throughout Latin America. In addition t+ heading the In- ternational Labor Union, Lombar- do Toledano is head of México’s left wing Popular Party. He branded as “a forgery” a photostatic copy of a circular pur- portedly written by Lombardo To- ledano to labor unions throughout Latin America asking them to start strikes against the anti-democratic governments of the continent. The circular was shown by Arroyo Del- gado as proof of his charges against the Mexican labor leader. ~ Lombardo Toledano said his group is against any measures to for which they paid $14 a month. Submit Plan For Colonization of Argentine Region guay into the River Plate estuary through four main branches:: The Panama Guazti, which is used by ocean-going vessels, the Parana de Las Palmas, used by coasters and the Parané Mini and Parana Bravo which are not lighted by bouys. These in turn are outlets for no Jess than 1.217 tributaries, branch channels, canals, etc. Forming ma- ny thousands of islands. Some 165.000 people live perma- nently along these myriad water- ways, where the front door is a pier. The Delta’s chronic trouble is flooding, either when the Parana is in spate from August through October, or when the South-west- erly gales force the waters in the estuary to back:up. Most homes are built on “stilts”. mae Colonel (retired) Emilio Bonne- carrere, acting Governor of the Buenos Aires Province, introdue- ed the Dutch engineers Jarn Han- raets and Jan Baush of the Nede- co Company of Holland to Pres- ident General Pedro E. Arambu- ru, with the Netherlands Charge D’ Affairs D. W. G. Zeylsra, to show him their plan to drain a vast area with dykes and canals in the Z4rate and Campana areas and so make it fit for permanent agri- culture and human occupation. A start would be’ made with 50.- 000 acres belonging to the Prov- ir-'-7 Government. It would be drained and used for truck farm- ing. Produce would be shipped to Buenos Aires both by truck and by barge. Present production is largely citrus fruits and. fast-grow- ing trees like poplars for lumber and papermaking. The area is also a great holi- day and week-end center with some place barriers. to the progress of the Latin American nations. He al- so said that he is against violent action against governments, as it “it is not through violence that progress can be achieved”, 2.099 yachts and hundreds of huge river “busses” plying along the rivers and canals to scores of re- sorts, fishing sports and hotels, Many f. ~ have weekend homes in the Delta region. se : —— ed