Diario las Américas Newspaper, June 15, 1957, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 4th YEAR THE @. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. W. SMITH Vice President Fred M. Shaver Business Manager 8. SMITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advt. & Cire. Mer. acco A a Fe nen eat, Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Sprmgs. Fia.. on February 8. 1956. EDITORIAL eS SRE NRE LATIN AMERICANS AND THEIR PROBLEMS TH One of the many proofs of the special unity existing among the peoples of Latin America can be found in the fact that any problem of certain local importance for one or several Latin American Republics, is of interest and concern, speaking in general other sister nations. terms, to the peoples of the Here, at THE AMERICAS DAILY, we can feel that eoncern and that interest of collective type, because, due to the nature and orientation of this newspaper, Latin American affairs find in its pages adequate coverage; and the public, of different nationalities, has demonstrated to ‘us, in different forms, marked concern for important news from any of the above mentioned Republics. The political problems of these countries, when they acquire certain importance, are immediately known in the other Latin American nations, and they are widely com- mented by the public, while wishes are expressed concern- ing the causes of those problems, whether trey are of social, with reports on other matters, whether they are of social, cultural or economic order, or referring to disasters caused by Nature. The existence of a Latin American conscience cannot be denied without ignoring reality. There is a definite feeliug of Hispanic solidarity which prevails over irrelevant rivalries between these countries, which is also above po- litical struggles that may exist between the ideological tendencies of the different governments. This is. something that has deep roots in the soul of the people, and which gains strength as time goes by and modern communications continue uniting more and more those countries. The leaders and observers of United States foreign policy should know this fact very well, because it surely will be useful to them, as a guide, for this nations Inter- American relations. With their own national problems always occupying a rominent place in the affairs of each Ministry of Foreign elations and the mind of the peoples, the Inter-American problems in general, or those that in particular affect in a considerable manner any Latin American country, are of interest to all these countries and, according to circumstan- ces, create opinions and feelings that, in one form or another, reflect in the field of Inter-American relations. Mora Sees Closer Cooperation in Central American Economic Field WASHINGTON, June 14 (UP) —Dr. José A. Mora, Secretary Gen- eral of the Organization of Amer can States (OAS), declared that he observed “deep interest” toward a closer economic and social coop- eration during his recent visit to México and Central America. Mora added that to the goal of eomplementing the economy of the respective countries the wish to im- prove the standard of living of the LATIN AMERICANS GET DIPLOMAS IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY (UP)— Ninety- one students from Latin American countries who have been studying at the International Civil Air Train- ing Center received diplomas at the Communications Ministry to- day. Most of the graduates were cer- tified as aviation motor mechanics. The class also includes commercial pilots, private pilots and manage- ment technicians of various kinds. Students from British Honduras, Chile, Costa Rica, The Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Ni- caragua, Panama, Pert and Vene- people is added. Mora was interviewed at the Washington International Airport upon arrival from Panama, at the end of a three-week tour through seven Latin American republics, “Great advance has been made in the purpose of putting aside political problems in the interest of a more energetic collective ac- tion in the conomic field,” he de- clared. Mora praised the Mexican Gov- ernment for its great help to two OAS’ technical agencies: The Inter American Institute of Geography and History and the Institute of Hygiene. He said these two agencies, with headquarters in the Mexican capi- tal, “impressed me very much on account of their intense work.” He also pointed out that authori- ties of each ome of the countries he visited stressed the importance of the economic conference meet- ing in Buenos Aires on August, 15. He said the majority of the Gov- ernments plan to send their Treas- ury and Economy Ministers at the head .of the delegations, Regarding possiblities of a com- mon market in the Central Ameri- cam region, Mora said that “there exists a deep interest and meas- zuela have been studying at the air center, ures are being taken to develop the projects aimed in that direc- MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, JUNE 15, 1957 ag Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ PANAMA — Seven years after Columbus had explored the north- ern coast of Panama and claimed the land for the Spanish Crown, King Ferdinand sent governors to Tierra Firme, as the Isthmus was first called by the Spaniards, to explore and settle the land. After many setbacks, caused principally by attacks from the incensed na- tives and ‘hardships imposed by the lack of provisions, the coloniz- ers succeeded in establishing a few settlements on the Caribbean coast, the most permanent of which were Nombre de Dios and Santa Maria la Antigua. It was from Santa Maria that Vasco Nufiez de Balboa set out to the south on his famous jour- ney across the isthmus in 1513, which brought him to the shores of the Pacific Ocean after he had battled his way for weeks aginst jungle, mountains, and hostile na- tive tribes. From the Gulf o fSan Miguel, -where Balboa first reach- ed the Pacific, he explored the coastline westward as far as the Pearl Islands, to which he gave their name. Three years later Pedro Arias Davila (called Pedrarias), who was then Govenor of Castilla del Oro, as the western portion of Tierra Firme was known at the time, mov- ed the seat of Government to the Pacific coast and established there, on the site of a native fishing vil- lage, a town he named Panama, from a native word meaning fish- erman. This town prospered, and in 1528 it was made the seat of the third Audiencia Real in the New World, The audiencias were tribunals charged with the administration of justice and of all civil and ec- clesiastical matters in the colonies. The one in Panama was suppressed by royal decree for several years at a time on several occasions, and the administration of Panamanian affairs was subjected, successively, to the Captaincy General of Guate- mala and the Viceroyalties of Lima and Santa Fe, The gold deposits of Panam& were not so important to the Span- iards as the greater riches of other parts of the New World, and so the wave of conquest swept on and Panama was at first used mainly as a base for expeditions sailing to various parts of the west coast of Central and South America. Gil Gonzalez Diaz started from Panama City for the territory of the rich and powerful native chieftain Nicaragua, whom he made a vassal of Spain, and Fran- cisco Pizarro led several incursions southward, finally conquering the great empire of the Incas. With the addition of rich new lands to the Spanish realm, the Isthmus of Panama assumed greater import- ance from its position on the route of the periodic shipments of valu- able and precious stones bound for the Mother Country. Pedrarias, appreciating the need for facilitating traffic across the Isthmus, built a paved highway to connect Panama City with Nom- bre de Dios, which was the only commercial thoroughfare across the isthmus until a railroad was built in 1855. Spanish Version Page 3 tion. “There is no doubt that there will be a positive result, especially now that all Governments are also decided to take effective measures to improve the standard of living of the people,” he said. SPANISH FOR BEGINNERS Ask me a question Street Automobiles Whom When? When Do you hear me if I do not speak aloud? John speak very low Mr. S. do you hear me when I speak Yes, sir, I hear you . iHace el profesor preguntas a los alumnos? zOyen los alumnos a su profesor? iPueden ustedes oirme si yo hablo muy bajo? iSefiores, los oigo yo cuando ustedes responden mis preguntas? ;Questions) 2A quién oyen los alumnos en Y za quiénes oye el profesor? zOimos nosotros los automéviles en ka calle? iMe oyen ustedes, si yo hablo en voz vaja? zOye ustel el radio en su casa, Pedro? gLe gusta a usted ofr buena misica? Qué misica oye usted por radio? LESSON XXXV ‘Hégame wna pregunta Calle Automéviles 2A quién? 3A quiénes? ¢Cuando? Cuando iMe oye usted si yo no hablo alto? (En alta voz) Juan habla muy bajo Sr. S., gme oye usted cuando yo hablo? AS LETTSAD PRONUNCIATION Ah-gahmeh oo-nah preh-goon-the Kahl-yeh Ow-toh-méh-vee-lehs iA k’yehn? Ah k’yeh-nehs? éKwahn-doh? Ahl-toh (En voz baja) Bah-hoh Si, senor, lo oigo. Si sefior, lo oyen, Si, el profesor les haee preguntas. No, si usted habla muy bajo. nosotros no podemos oirlo. Si sefior, usted nos oye cuando nosotros respondemos sus preguntas. ke clase? El profesor oye a Si, me gusta Ellos oyen a su profesor. los alumnos. Si sefior, los ofmos. No, si usted habla en voz baja no lo ofmos, Si sefior, lo oigo; no, no lo oigo. Méo-see-kah Oigo Operas, valses (waltzes) etc. NEW YORK, June 14 (UP) — Cuba has been waging a winning batle to attract United States in- dustries. A report issued by the Presi- dent of the Banco Nacional de Cu- ba shows that United States Com- panies have invested more than $750,000,000 in the last five years only. Its President, Dr. Joaquin Mar- tinez Saenz, said that United States companies and capitalists have shown special interest in mining, exploration and refining of oil, public services and different manufactures in the island. He added that the Republic’s Economic Development Program had attracted about 200 new com- panies and brought as a result, an increase of jobs; advancement of national production in $300,- 000.000, a raise of 30.000,000, per annum in the receipts of taxes and savings; and receipts of $15,- 000,00 in foreign exchange. The program has been estimulat- ed by special exemptions in taxes; liberalization of credits; favorable legislation and a great program of Public Works. Among the Program resulting projects figure the $45,000,000 spent by the Freeport Sulphur Company and the $43,000,000 by the Nickel Processing Company, which affects mainly nickei, co- balt and iron minerals; expansion of telephone facilities, for a value of $58,000,000 by the International Telephone and Telegraph Co.; and a series of expansion projects of the oil industry, among them one for $30,000,000 by the Esso Stand- ard Oil, another for $24.000,000 by OAS Conference WASHINGTON, June 14 (UP)— The Organization of American States (OAS) took the first step in freparation of the XI Inter Ameri- can Conference, when the mem- bers of its Special Committee of Conferences elected Officers. Gon- zalo Escudero, Ecuador Represen- tative in the Council, was elected President and Mauricio Obre- gon, Colombian Ambassador, Vi- cepresident. During his acceptance speech, Escudero said that his election was an honor for Ecuador. He accented that Ecuador’s President, Camilo Ponce Enriques, had already ap- pointed as Secretary General of the Conference, Luis Ponce Enrf- ques who will initiate the prepara- tives for the Conference which will he held in Quito. He also voiced the hope that the OAS will come out of the Quito’s Conference as a system GOVERNMENT SALE OF WINE PROTESTED BUENOS AIRES (UP)— Local liquor dealers bought space in the papers here to protest the gov- ernment’s seizure of some 25 million gallons of table wine for sale to the public at a price of 36 cents a gallon. The advertisements said the gov- ernment, by selling the wine in markets, at fairs and through other unusual outlets, will “throw thou- sands of our employes out of work.” “Wine had been searce for four months before any action was taken,” the ads said. “The (retail) trade cannot be blamed, because the wine was backlogged in wine warehouses and bottling plants.” The wine, left over from the 19- 56 vintage, apparently was held back in the expectation of added Cuba Proves Attractive for U.S.A. Businessmen U. S. CAPITAL INVESTMENTS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS HAVE REACHED $750,000,000 the Shell and another for $14,,- 000,000 by the Texas Company. Also Firestone Tire and Rubber will invest $4,000,000 in a new rub- ber tire factory and U. S. Rubber have put aside $5,000,00 for an- other. In the developing stage are also three projects of steel mills, one by the Republic Steel, for a value of $16.000,000. And, more than $7,000,000 will be invested for erection of two cement producing plants, Cuban and United States capitals have undertaken seven joint pro- jects for a total of $45.000,000 to manufacture diverse products from bagasse, the residue from the su- gar cane after it is milled. There is also United States capital invest- ed in films, ink, copper, textiles and a long list of other industries. “A key to the diversification pro- gram — the Bank says — is the initiative to double Cuba’s electric energy services through the expan- sion of the Cuban Electric Com- pany, subsidiary of the American and Foreign Power Company. The plans foresee nine new installa- tions, inclusing one of atomic ener- gy. In these projects more than $222,000,000 will be used.” The bank explains that the Cub- an Economic Development Pro- gram has two objectives: 1. A short term program, to counteract the depression of the whole national economy for rea- son of a decline in the important sugar industry. 2. A long term program, to stim- ulate industrial diversification and make the country less dependent on sugar. Committee Elects Officers From Ecuador, Colombia stronger that it is today. The functions of the Committee, hat was integrated yesterday, consist of preparing the regla- ments and agenda of the XI Con- ference and submit them to the consideration of the Council for its final approval, after consulting with the respective governments in regard to fixing the date on which the Conference will open and after consulting the Ecuador- ean government. Up to now, no date has been mentioned here. The OAS Council Charter stipulates that the Inter American Conferences should be held every five years. According to this, the Quito Conference should be held in 1959, as the X Con- ference was held at Caracas in March 1954. However, the cele- bration of these conferences has been somewhat generalized after profits from the higher price — about $1 a gallon-authorized for the term of five years. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief table wines of the 1957 vintage. POLITICAL MILITARY COLOMBIAN ALLIANCE \ BOGOTA. (UP)— A message from Cartagena’s “El Independien- te” says that a political-military conservative movement which would launch the presidential can- didacy of Jorge Leyva, prominent politician of the goup of followers of ex President Laureano Gémez, has been initiated there. According to the dispatch, high army and navy officers, headed by the Bolivar Department governor, Colonel Millan Vargas, affirms the Movement is looking for concilia- tion of the conservatives and for propitious relations between the military and civilians, in accord Honduras Lifts Restrictions to Vehicle. Traffic From Nicaragua TEGUCIGALPA, June 14 (UP) —The Military Junta Government of Honduras reports that in a cabi- net meeting held yesterday it was posed on the crossing of national territory by vechicles of Nicara- guan registry, while members of the OAS committee verify the ab- sence of Nicaraguan National Guard elements in the zones of the route. The Council of Ministers decreed, also, to request periodic inspection without advance notice in the zone, by the members of the committee, in order to enforce strict execution of the plan of troops withdrawal. This petition was sent to the ad- hoe committee of the OAS. in Washington. Ms On his part, the Minister of For- eign Relations has requested the committee immediate withdrawal from the sector of all Nicaraguan civil and military authorities, in order “to avoid acts that may en- danger peace and harmony” be- tween Honduras and Nicaragua. An official announcement, on the other hand, reports that offices of the committee were closed here, as it was done already in Managua. The Military Committee, under the chairmanship of Colonel Rosendo Esparza Arias, will continue fune- tioning for some time here. Gigantic Sports City Being Built in México City MEXICO, June 14 (UP)— Muni- cipal authorities announced that plans are underway for the con- struction of a gigantic sports cen- ter, which will have two stadiums, as well as a great number of fields for games and swimming pools. The officials added that this “Sports City,” which will be built in the suburb of Magdalena Mix- huca, in the northern part of the capital, probably will be complet- red before the end of next year. The sports center will cover about one square mile, and 21,000 athletes will be able to act at the same time, before more than 500,- 000 persons; a baseball stadium for 60,000 persons, a great olym- pic swimming pool, a physical cult- ure school, 53 football fields, 29 baseball diamonds, 23 basketball fields, 23 for voleyball, four small- er swimming pools, four tracks for athletic competitions, one bicycle track, nine children’s playgrounds, and three artificial lakes. “It will be the largest sports cen- ter in México and one of the largest in the world,” the officials added. Work of levelling the ground has been started, as well as remov- al of old buildings; construction of the center will be started within the next three months, mo Leén Valencia which agree ment played an important role in the overthrow of Rojas Pinilla’s military dictatorship. DIET STANDARDS IMPROVE MEXICO. D.F. (UP)— A Mex!- can Officer in the Organization of Food and Agriculture (ONA) of the United Nations, ‘said that nourishment of peoples of Méxi- cos, Central America and the Ca- ribbean area, improves at a slow ‘but constant rhythm, Agronomical Engineer Adolfo Alarcén, ONA regional director in the northern part of Latin Ameri- ca, declared that the improvement “4s,a sign of progress and a good with the bypartidists pacts tend ing to restauration of democracy in Colombia. By one of these pacts, the Li- beral Party agreed to back up the conservative candidate Guiller- omen for the future generations”. The official of the ONA, who intends to visit Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic next June, declared that the economic aid lent by ONA “is very modest, because decided to lift the restrictions im- | Auc@@as Dalvy For a better understanding between the Americas Member Inter American Press Associction e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 281 Military Junta Takes Over in Haiti, Ending Two-Wk. Fignole Government Leading Fignole Supporters Taken Into Custody in PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti (UP) — A three-man military govern- ment took over Haiti today after forcing President Daniel Fignole from office in a pre-dawn blood- less coup. Army Chief of Staff Gen. Anto- nio Kebreau proclaimed a_ state of siege and anmounced that a three-man military junta’ would tule the country until “fair and free elections” can be held. Named to the ruling junta were Kebreau, Col. Emile Zamor and Lt. Col. Adrien Valville. The an- nouncement said Fignole handed his resignation to, Kgbreau early today. Kebreau Jed and apparently mas- ter-minded the coup, which toppled the Fignole regime less than three weeks after it took office on May 25. Police shut off traffic and. ped- estrians from a three-block radius of the presidential palace and the adjacent casernes, There was a swarm of armed sol- diers and policemen at headquart- ers but they appeared only in lim- ited numbers downtown, where bu- siness went on as usual. Peasants bringing produce to town for the week’s biggest market day streamed into the city. Some small sullen groups waving red and green Fignole flags were Bloodless Coup reported gathering in some slum areas but there were no signs that riots would sweep through the ci- ty as they did three weeks ago, Leading aides of Fignole were reported taken into custody, Diplomatic observers expected the coup because Fignole had been unable to halt the rapid de- terioration in Haiti’s economic si- tuation. One expert told United Press the coup had been in the making since Monday. Kebreau apparently acted to head off expected mob demon- strations by Fignole , supporters scheduled for Sunday and an: at- tempt by Fignole to interpret these as his “election” to a full Presiden- tial term. The army defied Fignole de spite his promise of last Monday that he would raise the whole ar- my’s pay in October if he still were in office then. Haiti has been the scene of re- current political crisis since Dec- ember when president Paul E. Mag- liore was overthrown by “general strike.” The average life of a Haitian government since then has been about a month. Cantave retaliated by ousting the government and taking over the country. Sugar Quota Increase fo Prevent New Rise in Refined Sugar Price NEW YORK (UP)—' The in- crease in the sugar quota from 9,- 000,000 to 9,100,000 tons was real- ly an attempt to stop a rise in the price of refined sugar in the east, The Journal of Commerce’s sugar expert, Charles F. McCarthy. says. He adds that the quota rise has had no significance in the domestic sugar market since the earlier 9,000,000 ton quota was al- ready more than the market need- ed this year. McCarthy adds that under the old Sugar Act it was only necessary to increase quotas to bring a re- sponse from the market but this is not so under the new Sugar Act. He recalls that the revised act was written to give the domestic beet sugar industry more participa- tion in consumption. But apparent- ly the beet sugar industry is not big enough yet to fill the larger allotments. The areas that have the sugar such as Cuba can’t market it here because of the quota restric- tions. “The result has been a glaring dislocation in supply. In the east where the refiners rely on off hore imports for the bulk of their sup- plies, a tight situation prevails. In the west the beet sugar industry with big paper quotas has not pro- duced the supply or matured suf- ficiently in merchandising _ and marketing presumably to sell be- yond their regular boundaries. “In consequenie the gap is wid- ening between the beet and the ‘he best we can”. eal CARIBBEAN BEAUTY QUEEN SELECTED HAVANA (UP)— Ann Green, of Huntsville, Ala.. was selected Caribbean Beauty Queen Wednes- day night by the Cuban Tourist Commission. The award was the highlight of festivities in honor of visiting par- ticipants in Florida’s annual beau- ty pageant at Miami Beach. Patsy Young, 18, of Orangeburg, S. C., who was elected queen last | Saturday in the Miami competition appeared on a nationwide televi- sion network and gave an imper- sonation of Marilyn Monroe. The visiting beauties are sched- uled to leave for Miami later to- day. Miss Young, the over-all winner among 79 contestants at the week- Yong 1957 Miami Beach contest, is a freshman and speech major at Furman University at Greensville, our budget is limited and we do ac cane refined sugar prices. Beet be- cause of concentrated competition of a larger supply is selling at 8.65 cents. Cane refined in the east is 9.10 cents.” Journal of Commerce points out that twenty points has been re- garded as normal spread but dure ing the war the beet industry eon- vinced the gavernment the spread should be only ten points under the old sugar act when the quota was raised 100,000 tons, Cuba would have supplied 96,000 tons of the increase. Under the new law, Cuba will supply less than 30,000 tons and Puerto Rico 13,000. McCarthy adds: “But there’s the rub. As recent: ly as May 24 the sugar branch had to reallocate 150,000 tons of Puer- to Rican sugar because of an in- dicated deficit, Yet Puerto Rico gets 13,000 tons under the increas- ed quota, the beet growers 22,000 tons. Theres 35,000 tons of paper or ineffective quota in the 100,000- ton increase designed to check a tise of prices in the east.” NEW TERRORIST PLOT IN CUBA HAVANA, June 14 —(Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)— Se- veral persons have been arrested, accused of plotting against the life of Interior Minister Santiago Rey, and planning an attack against the barracks of the Rural Guard in the town of La Paloma, Pinar del Rio Province. Col. Lutgardo Martin Pérez reported that arms, ammu- nition and documents were -cap- tured. The official added that Jorgeli- no Betancourt, one of those arrest- ed, declared that a man called Efrain Garcia, who has not been arrested yet, told him that: ex-re- presentative Teodoro Tejera Se- tién, of the Authentic Party, would pay five hundred pesos for some assassination attempts, among them one against Interior Minister San- tiago Rey, as well as other Gov- ernment officials, 4 SOLDIER ATTACKED % HAVANA, June 14 —(Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)— A re- port from Santiago de Cuba said that a soldier was attacked yester- day afternoon in a city bus where he was traveling as a passenger. Two .or three (it is not clear how many) young men, also traveling in the vehicle, shot the soldier who died of the wounds at the ‘Army Hospital. The soldier's name has not .been released. A search for the authors of the ag- gression and their arrest has been ordered, bs