Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 19, 1957, Page 10

ij Inter - American News for English-* Speaking people G, A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Published daily except Monday — Entered as c. W. SMITH Vice President 8. SMITH Vice President IORACIO AGUIRRE Lit Vice President. Editor and Manager Fred M. Shaver Business Manager pises, po ee Advt. Cire, Mer. second class matter at the Post’ Office of Miami Springs. Fla., on February 8, 1956, EDITORIAL THE COURTS OF JUSTICE AND PARTY POLITICS Within a genuine democracy, the Judicial Power has to be kept apart from influence of party po- litics and, of course, it has to be also free from pres- sures or compulsions from the other powers of the State, the Executive and the Legislative. In countries where the democratic system is afflicted with fundamental defects, justice is not maintained outside the orbit of political influences, and the judges, including those of the highest Court, are forced to follow the line indicated by the Execu- tive, which controls, in those cases, all Public Power. These irregularities cause immense harm to the countries in question, because when there is a lack of equilibrium in justice, a great part of social stability disappears and almost nothing is left of political institutions. With the Judicial Power sub- ordinated to the Executive, subordinated only be- cause the Executive is centralized and arbitrary, the citizens and organizations of the whole nation lack the indispensable support from the Courts of justice in order to have their rights, political or otherwise, prevail before them. ) Businessmen and officials of foreign companies, are always wary to invest money in countries where they have no facilities to submit to courts of justice claims of their rights, unless these businessmen and enterprisers enjoy special private or political priv- ileges with those who rule the countries. In defense of the independence of the Judiciary all the resources of the people of a civilized nation should be engaged. That independence is convenient, in a last analysis, to all, the ones who govern and the ones governed, because, when the positions are reversed, and those who are in, go out, they need, perhaps more than ever, the existence of an Organ of Public Power—the Judiciary—before which they can appeal for protection and be spared from any official arbitrariness, or any injustice against their persons or property, Prehistoric Culture in Ecuador WASHINGTON, March 18 (UP) —The Smithsonian Institution said that recent archaelogic discoveries in Ecuador, reveal that prehistoric eultures of that coumtry had im- portant influence in the cultural development of Perti and the Ama- zonas valley, before the arrival of the Spanish conquerors. The discoveries were made by an expedition, lasting four months, in the Mapo river region, Ecuador eastern region; and Guayas pro- vince, in the coast. The work was carried on by Cliffor Evans Ass. Trustee of the U. S. National Mu- seum Archaelogy Division; Betty J. Meggers, Smithsonian Investiga- tor and Emilio Estrada, Director of Guayaquil’s Archaelogic Museum “Victor Emilio Estrada”. The group acted under auspices of the Smith- sonian and the Ecuadorean Cul- tural House, nucleus of Guayas. Excavations. made in the Napo river revealed the existence of great villages and a_ progressive ceramics industry in the past, simi- lar to that of the Narajo isle at the mouth of the Amazonas. The Nara- jo culture — the report says — “is exotic and seems to be out of place at the mouth of the Amazon- as, and its origin was, until now, unknown.” The investigation shows that its culture came from the sources of the Amazonas tributar- ies in Ecuador and Colombia. “It is the time that an ample fluvial migration in prehistoric. times has been proven in South America, with archaelogical evidence” the report adds. It also said that the investiga- tions clearly showed two cultures which characteristics have close similarities with the first cultures of México and Pert. “This has been called “Valdivia Culture,” the report says. Other previous culture, “with different characteristics, but which also is very similar to the South America and Pert’s culture . -has been called “Chorrera Cul- ture”... “As in the Valdivia Culture, the Ecuadorean ceramics is more like the Mexican than the Peruvian ex- pression. indicating in this case that the movement was from North to South. Its date is from one thousand to fifteen hundred years B.C. For KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ NICARAGUA — For centuries the Nicaraguan Indians have sung songs like the Dance to the Sun and the Hymn to the Sons of the Moon during their festivities, on the occasions of birth, marriage, harvest, illness or death, and this tradition continues in remote vil- lages and towns. The Indian music is performed on simple instru- ments that are similar to our mod- ern wind instruments and drums. The dances of Indian origin are many, fitting every possible occa- sion, but giving particular empha- sis to religious holidays. In Grana- da, the “Baile de los Diablitos” (Dance of the Little Devils), a street dance, is performed during October. An old man and an old woman lead a band of devils, all grotesquely dressed in brilliant co- lors, with shoes, hose and costume suggesting colonial days and the headdress of Indian times. Ta steps patterned after the lancers and quadrilles, but alter- nated with derisive and often witty couplets, the two dancers satirize current events and local customs, accompanied by a guitarist, as they pass from house to house aecepting small gifts. Spanish traditional music sur- vives in Nicaragua, as elsewhere in Latin America, in the XVI and XVII century airs and songs which were transplanted at the time of the conquest with many words drawn from Spanish classical lit- erature. An important example of this is the festival in Granada of “El Atabal,” dedicated to Our Lady of the Rosary, when heralds like night watchmen from the Middle Ages roam the city at night singing verses of Spanish origin. There is regiona) music and dance which accompanies most religious cele- brations. Masaya is the birthplace of two dances: “Las Inditas” (The Little Indian Women), and “El Toro Gua- co” (The Bull). The first is a dance in which a gaily dressed young man and a young woman enact a scene of courtship and coquetry. The second recounts the tradition- al story from the 18th century, of the promise, capturing, adorn- ment, procession, and offering of a bull ‘to San Jerénimo by a rich farmer in thanksgiving for the cure of his illness at the intercession of the Saint, Despite the abundance of native talent, formal music teaching has developed slowly. During the 19th century, musical instruction was centered in the homes of en- terprising teachers or in the chur- ches having organists and choirs. Only in recent times have promis- ing students been sent at govern- ment expense to foreign conserva- tories. However, as early as 1907 the first Floral Games, whieh in- eluded musical competition, were held in Le6n. . Nicaragua’s leading composer, Luis A. Delgadillo, was educated at the Milan Conservatory, with a scholarship from the Government, and returned to Nicaragua to di- rect a music school, to conduct the National Band and to head the of- ficial Department of Musical Cul- ture. He toured South “America, visited México and spent two years in Panama, where he edited the magazine Armonia and taught at the National Conservatory of Pan- amé City. Spanish Version Page 3 SPANISH FOR BEGINNERS Those pencils (over there) are good. Those pens (over there) are bad. That gentleman (O. T.) is Mr. Brown. 5 That lady (0. T.) is Mrs. Brown, Those gentlemen (0. T.) are Mssr. A and B, Those ladies (O. T.) are Cuban, V LESSON PART V PRONUNCIATION Aquellos ldpices Aquellas plumas son buenos. son malas. Aquel caballero es el sefior Brown. Aquella sefiora es la sefiora Brown. Aquellas sefioras MINE — Mio, mia, el mio, la mfa, los mfos, las mfas. Me-oh, me-ah YOUR — Suyo, suya; el suyo, la suya; los suyos, las suyas, WHOSE BOOK If THIS? It is mine. Whose pen is this? It is mine. Whose pencils are these? They are mine. Whose boxes are these? They are mine. Vhose hat is this? It is yours, Whose shoes are these? They are yours. Whose shirt is this? It is yours, Aquellos caballeros son los sehores A y B. son oubanas, Sool’yoh. So6!'l yak. De quién es este libro? Es mio. iDe quién os esta plume? Es mia. iDe quién son estos ldpices? Son mios. iDe quién son estas cajas? Son mias, iDe quién Es suyo. eDe quién Son suyos. aDe quién Es suya, @s este sombrero? son estos zapatos? es esta camise? a better understending between the Amerieas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., TUESDAY, MARCH 19, 1957 HONOR GUEST at the inauguration of “Cine en su Hogar” (Movies at Home), in which full length films in Spanish are presented in Miami every Saturday on WGBS-Channel 23, was Manuel H. Lopez (right) in charge of the Latin American Division of the City Miami Press Bureau, who spoke to the listeners about this new and interesting program. With him is German Negroni, master of ceremonies in the program, going through a copy of THE AMERICAS DAILY, — (Photo AMERICAS DAILY by Gort) LA PAZ, México (UP)— Pemex director Antonio J. Bermidez said the exploitation of oil fields re- cently found in Baja California will solve the problem of fuel distribu- tion in the northwestern areas of the country. The head of México’s nationaliz- ed petroleum industry, on a tour of northern México petroleum areas, added this will also save the country approximately $8,000,000 spent every year in the importa- tion of petroleum products from the United States. “The finding of petroleum in Ba- ja California,’ Bermtdez said, “is of enormous benefit for the na- tion and for the economy of this northwestern territory.” Eleven wells have been drilled so far in Baja California, Bermt- dez said, and “we are absolutely certain that the effort made will be crowned with success.” México Will Build New Refineries for Oil Found in Baja California México buys approximately $8,- 000 of petroleum products every year from the United States to supply the states of Baja Califor- nia, Sonora, Sinaloa and Nayarit. Additional purchases to supply other states total approximately $60,000,000. Some gasoline is im- ported from Venezuela, as well as from the United States. Lack of refinery production and increasing industrial needs have been cited as the main reasons for the imports. In connection with this problem, authoritative sources disclosed Pe- mex is speeding construction of catalytic cracking plants in Ciudad Madero, Tamaulipas and Ciudad Pemex. When these projects are com- pleted, sources said, gasoline im- ports will be eliminated complete- Jy or considerably reduced. A fascinating private exhibition of seven oil paintings, masterfully executed on the heads of ordinary pins, was given last Saturday after- noon at the Centro de las Américas of the Hotel McAllister. The diminute “masterpieces”, which represent landscapes and a portrait, have been exhibited in Britain, France, Germany, Swit- zerland and other: European coun- tries, as well as Canada and several South American countries, and are to be shown to the public in the United States for the first time here, in Miami, according to state- ments of the artist, Prof. Egidio Boschi, and Argentine promoter and journalist Fernando Altabas, who is negotiating the public ex- hibitions. Although never exhibited in the United States, the American press has already given extensive public- ity to the extraordinary work, of which Life magazine says: “The precarious work has met with ac- claim. , .Art lovers patiently ad- mit their turn. . .” The Herald Tri- ARGENTINE ELECTIONS BUENOS AIRES (UP)— Prov- sional President General Pedro E. Aramburu will announce the date for the election of a Constitution- al Convention in a speech to be broadcast to the nation from Santa Rosa, in La Pampa Province, March 29, “La Razén” reported. According to well-informed sour ces the President is inclined to set July21 as the date for the election of the convention that will reform the 1853 Constitution. BOLIVIA WILL NEED MORE U. S. AID LA PAZ, Bolivia (UP)— Presi- dent Hernaén Siles Zuazo said that Bolivia will need United States economic aid for four more years before it will be able to assure national progress on its own. The statement was made during an address delivered before U. S. Ambassador'Gerald A. Drew and some ,200 American residents at- tending the monthly luncheon of the local: American colony. Siles said Foreign Minister Ma- nuel Barau and Ambassador Drew Oil Paitings on Heads of Pins Are Shown at El Centro de las Américas bune of Feb. 15, 1953, praises very highly the difficult work of art and says that “although artist Boschi has been offered at least $25,000 for his seven paintings, — which cost him the vision of one eye — he has to date refused to part with them.” The exhibition at the Centro de las Américas was only for news- papermen and several persons es- pecially invited to the event, in which high praise was heard about the unique and very interesting work of art. Professor Boschi, who uses a hair from the back of his hand as a brush, says it took him four years of agonizing ‘work to complete the seven diminute masterpieces now in Miami, which are: Mount- ain Road, Rustic Cabin and Mount- ains, Sailing Boats, Profile, Mount- ain Lake and Tree, Sunrise in the Valley, and Seascape with Sailing Boat, the latter of which is even more extraordinary than the others since it was painted: on the point of a pin flattened with a file. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief are studying-a joint plan for broad ening U. S. assistance to Bolivia until this country attains its full development. This, Siles said, could be ac- complished in four years. The plan, he added, comprises private in- vestments in Bolivia, settlement of Bolivia’s foreign indebtedness and completion of economic develop- ment plans already under way.: LOAN TO PERU WASHINGTON (UP)— The World Bank announced a loan of $5,000,000 to the Banco Fomento Agropecuario del Peri to help it continue a program of long-term lending for agricultural develop- ment. Officials said the money will pay for imported agricultural machin- ery, irrigation equipment, livestock and some equipment for fisheries. They said that the New York Trust Company, Bank of America, and First National City Bank of New York are participating in the loan in the total amount of $1,- 101,000 representing the first three maturities which fall due in 1959 VENEZUELA TO GRANT NEW OIL CONCESSIONS CARACAS (UP)— The Govern- ment is getting set to give out new oil concessions approximately equal to the one million acres yield- ed between July and September last year, informed sources said. The concessions are expected to provide the Government be- tween $400 million and $500 mil- lion in rights paid by ofl compan- ies. The Government's Official Gazet- te published a petition by the Ve nezuelan Sun Oil Co. for 25,000 acres for exploitation in the rich. Lake Maracaibo area and another 25,000 acres in the State of Apure near the Colombian border. Another notice in the Gazette indicated the King Mill Oil Co. also solicits 25,000 acres in the State of Barinas and 24,850 acres for ex- ploration in Zulia. Publication in the gazette is tantamount to eventual acceptance of the companies, bids once the legal requisites have been filled, sources said. Final confirmation granting such concession erquires three to five months. Conditions are generally similar to those of last eyar’s concessions, the sources said. These require that 15 per cent of oil extacted will be refined in Venezuela; one-sixth of the oil extracted will be paid to the government as royalty, and. the ——— Guatemala has made a “Dynamic Come Back” from Communist Regime Congressional Group Recommends More Economic Aid as “Highly Justified” WASHINGON, March 18 (UP) — A group of members of the U. S. House of Representatives Sub- Committee of Foreign Affairs, which visited Guatemala, reported to Congress that this Republic has performed a “dynamic” come back from the effects of the Communist regime which it overthrew three years ago. The group said that granting of more United States economic aid to Guatemala is “highly justified.” The travelers are Democrat Con- gressmen A, S. J. Carnahan. Pre- sident of the Mission and Thomas Gordon, President of the Commit- tee of Foreign Affairs of the Low- er House; and- Republicans Robert Chipperfield, Chester Merrow and Albert Morano. They made a pre- vious visit to the Central American Republic in June 1955, In their report to Congress they stated that Guatemala, two years ago, was a “model of democracy,” which return from a communist government was the first attained by any country in which the eom- munists had seized power. In the report the Mission prais- ed. President Carlos Castillo Armas, by whose invitation they made the visit at the beginning of last month amd the Guatemalan Congress, for the “tremendous progress” they brought to their country during the gress in agrarian reform, political stability, peoples education and industry. According to the congressmen, the U. S. economic aid to Guate- mala is “an investment which is producing great results im good will, national weleome to private initiative and, which is more im- portant, it demonstrate that the in- terests of a country are better serv- ed through democratic procedure than with the communistic technic que of great promises and scarce Tealities. The travelers added that the “Guatemalan experiment” is not finished yet.” “It is only starting to produce results — they said. The commun- ist agitators hid themselves im clandestinity and went into exile. They pretend to discredit the pre- sent regime and to make mount- ains of any act of weakness. It will be necessary, more than ever, hard work, dignified leadership of great satesmen, valor deter- mination and patience, to make the experiment a happy reality”. The United States cam play am important role in this, as a “cordial neighbor,” in the opinion of. the congressmen, and Castillo Armas has demonstrated already that he posess the necessary talents to two last years. They cited the pro- NEW YORK, March 18 (UP)— Cuban President, General Fulgen- cio Batista, in an interview televis- ed today by NBC, declared that the men who assaulted the Presi- dential Palace, last Wednesday “are fimancially aided by elements of a past Cuban corrupt govern- ment.” Batista did not mention specific- ally what government he was re- ferring to; but in previous occa- sions he accused ex-President Car- los Prio Socarras, who lives now in Miami, of helping with cash the Cuban revolutionaries. In his declarations to corres- pondent Richard McCutchen, who filmed the interview in Havana, Batista added that his government to one-sixth of all natural gas pro- duced. “has proofs of that aid.” “These elements — Batista said FIVE PERONISTS FLEE FROM JAH, ARRIVE IN CHILE PUNTA ARENAS, March 18 — (UP)— Five noted Peronist lead- ers escaped from ‘the Rio Gallegos, Argentina, jail and arrived in this city where they solicited political asylum, The Peronists asking asylum are: John William Cooke, son of the ex-Minister of Foreign Relations of the Peronist regime, J: I. Cooke, Jorge Antonio, who was engaged in numerous business during the last part of Perén’s regime; Patri- cio Kelly, who was leader of the Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista Organization (Nationalist Liberat- ing Alliance); Jorge Espejo, Pe- and 1960. JAPANESE COMMITS. . SUICIDE IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY (UP)— A Japan- ese national who had lived in Méxi- co for the past 30 years committed suicide because he blamed himself for the death of his parents in atom-hombed _ Hiroshima. Relatives: of 58-year-old Enrique Tanabe Ueda said he was very des- pondent lately and only two. nights ago had commented that “he was the only one responsible for the death of -his parents.” Tanabe Ueda. who was married to a Mexican woman ahd had two children, aged 9 and 7, shot himself with an old .38 caliber pistol. MEXICO CLAIMS SEVERAL ISLANDS MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Me- xican Supreme Court has under study a petition demanding the re- turn to this country of nine is- lands off the coast of California, now under United States jurisdic- tion. The petition, signed by four pri- ronist ex-Deputy; and Héctor Campora, President of the Argen- tinian Chamber of Deputies, under Perén. The fugitives declared they en- tered Chilean territory by land, riding a car driven by Manuel Araujo. They registered here at the Cosmos hotel. Rio Gallegos lies 300 kilometers from Punta Arenas. The fugitives visited the Inten- dente (Governor) of the Maga- llanes province and asked political asylum. They refused to make any declaration. vate individuals, states that the is- lands of Farallones, San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Anacapa, Santa Catalina, Santa Barbara, San Nicolas and San Clements were re- cognized as belonging to México when this country won its inde- pendence from Spain. One of the 21 justices of the Su- preme Court was assigned to study guide his country. Batista Blames Rebel Attacks on Former Officials, Reds’ Friends — have contaets with communists of the Caribbean zone.” McCutchen reminded that Batis ta himself headed several cou! and overthrew governments, an asked him: What do you think of the revolu- tion as a political instrument? Batista, who spoke ai the time in English, answered: “I believe that the revolution is a procedure which does not have justification in Cuba at the present moment. The only revolu- tion which can have justification is the one staged against a corrupt government which cannot be eom- bated through any other means, when the will of the people has not any other vehicle of expres- sion.” The President seid then that he had no knowledge of the attack to the Palace until he heard the first shots. “My wife was taking care of my son Fulgencio, Jr., 3 years old, and I was with them when the attack began. I told my wife, who is &@ very good mother, that I had to face the situation and that she should remain with the child.” Batista added mat the child inquired about the shots and he told him they were firecrackers. The President said that his child observed: “But they can kill people with those firecrackers.” The correspondent pointed out then that only two of the 22 per- sons participating in the attack to the Palace were students, adding “among the others there were workers, professionals, merchants and a businessman.” McCutcheon interviewed then a representative of the opposition te Batista, “The attack to the Palace was a desperate act realized by a group of young men _ inspired by the highest patriotism,” said the spokes man, who was: not identified and did not face the eamera at any moment. “My opinion — had I been con- sulted — would have been contrary to the attack, he said in perfect English. “But once realized we have to take off our hats to their the petition and report to the court, MEXICAN SULPHUR MEXICO CITY (UP)— México produced 80,399 tons of sulphur in the month of February, the Mexic- an Sulphur Institute announced. This was about 6,000 tons short of the mormal monthly average, but officials explained it was due to the 28-day month. Compaiifa de Azufre Pan Ameri- can affiliate of Pan American Sul- phur Company and Compafiia de Azufre Veracruz, affiliate of Gulf Sulphur Corporation, accounted for all but 8,000 tons of the total pro- duction. Exports during the month total- Jed 68,000 tons valued at $1,700,- heroism. It is a step forward in our struggle. i ¢ 000 officials said. ARGENTINA BUYS “ TRUCKS tN ENGLAND. LONDON (UP)— Leyland Mo tors, Limited, announced today that a further order had been re ceived from Argentina for 100 hau- lage cruiserweight trucks. A similar order for 50 trucks was made last month, Regular ship- ments of vehicles of this type have been made to Argentina in recent years, They have included a large fleet of Comets for use by the Ar- gentine ministry of bog bl in ts cattle haulage division, as vet vehicles now eaploped hy vate haulers,