Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 20, 1956, Page 10

» Inter - American News for English- Speaking people For “ath YEAR a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1956 8S. SMITH Vice President Cc, W. SMITH Vice President G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advertising and Circulation Mgr. HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President, Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs, Fla., on February 8, 1956. EDITORIAL MORAL PRESTIGE OF POLITICAL CAUSES IN LATIN AMERICA In the historic struggle for power in Latin America, indifference in the part of the people is frequently noted, indifference which has given! opportunities for the existence of abnormal -situa- tions which are not in accordance with the genuine interests of the country and the political dignity | of its citizens. The origin of that indifference can be found, | in most cases, in the lack of moral prestige of some causes, which determines the lack of faith of the people in those who lead certain political movements. The majority of the people abstain from participa- tion in the events, not because they are satisfied | with the prevailing situation, but because they have no hope for reovery in the struggle to obtain change | of those situations. If the people see an absence of worthy principles and only notice a desire for change of individuals, but not of fundamental systems to improve national life, nobody can convince them to) participate in the struggle, which means ‘risks and { gacrifices. They don’t even contribute to the cause | with enthusiasm, with good will, with their moral support. To maintain the moral prestige of a cause, the} | sincere support of ideological principles requires many sacrifices, including the one of not having) material victories. But if there is a genuine aspira- tion to make a cause worthy of public respect, to} have its achievements occupy a decorous place in} history, there is no other way but to face those . sacrifices, even with the possibility of failure. Of course, those who have the only aim of winning at any cost, even if they have to turn their backs to athical principles, to political morality, they follow, of necessity, a different road, which in an alarming proportion leads to victory. But they must know in advance that their victory does not awake popular enthusiasm. The people accept it with resignation and obey the orders of the new regime, with the bitter knowledge that only names and persons have changed, but not the ardently desired and dignifying renovation. Of course, all this does not mean that there have not been movements of a sane ideological orien- tation in Latin American countries; movements which really have awaken immense popular good feeling within the country in which they have taken place and in the outside. Unfortunately, to say, the number of these movements has not reached encouraging figures. t When the political leaders — and those who follow them — think only of victory, whatever the |) procedure they use may be, the cause they support | loses its moral force, the warmth of popular good will. And when these leaders grow aware of this reality, they are prey of a phenomenon of despera- tion which impels them to put more force, without scruples, into the means which bring as result the bitter material victory, before which the people| |, revert to indiference, with certain scepticism, as if | this is their fate. It is necessary to fight to restore in the people their confidence in their leaders and the leaders | must, of course, demonstrate that they defend ideals aiming to the dignification of the Fatherland. | Press Club Requests Mexican Govt. to Annul Directive Harmful to Press NEW YORK, Dec. 19 (UP) communications to other competi- ' The Overseas Press Club of Amer-| tive system as long distance tele- - ica announced it has requested) phone calls, radio-teletypes, etc.” from the Mexican government to, The text of the message sent by " annul a directive which will discon-| the OPC to Mexican President _ tinue on January Ist the franchise| Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, is as follows: enjoyed until now by foreign! “The Overseas Press Club of correspondents, which allows them| America, which represents 1,600 4 to wire their news “collect”. foreign active correspondents in all f According to the organization,| countries of the world, wish to ' © the foreign correspondents in Mé-| vigorously protest against the xico called on the OPC because! measure of your Director of Inter- the Mexican Telegraphs Internatio-| national Service of National Tele- nal Division, a monopoly of the | graphs,. who has informed the State, informed them that, starting | foreign correpondents in México on January 1st 1957, they cou! not| they will not be able to exercise the send messages “collect” to the) traditional right to send messages United States, “collect”, to be paid by their news- The OPC commented that if the} papers, after the first of January supression of the franchise is con-| 1957. This is a fundamental right firmed, “it will determine parti-| of newspapermen, recognized in all cular penury to traveling represen-| the major countries of the world tatives of the press, as well as thuse| and its derogation by México will representing entities other than the| be a violation of press freedom. major News Agencies, which have! We are sure that you are not _ their own transmission facilities.|aware of this menace and that It will neither serve the true in-|steps to correct it can be taken. terests of the Mexican Telegraphs, | (signed) Wayne Richardson, Pres- as it tends to deviate the press ident,” ne cs MEXICAN GOVT. MEXICO, Dec. 19 —(UP)—. The; government warned the Cuban exiles not to plot or develop polit- ical activities while they are in México. The ‘Ministry of the Interior re- KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ CHILE. (Continued)— The Un-| ited States was the first country to | recognize the independence of Chi- | le, and designated as Consul, Joel Roberts Poinsett, who became a very good friend of José Miguel Carrera, O'Higgins, with the title of Supreme Director, governed Chi- le between 1817 and 1823. His achievements were immense, and he is considered the most distin- guished figure of Chilean Indepen- dence. O’Higgins left office when he saw that it was necessary to eliminate himself from the scene, and voluntarily went into exile. He died in Peru, and his remains lie in a simple mausoleum in the Ge- neral Cemetery of Santiago. His name is venerated by the people, whom he served with such patriot- ism and unselfishness. O’Higgins was suceeded by Gen- eral Freire, who had distinguished himself in the different wars of independence. The division of the Executive, Legislative and Judicial Powers was established, the present basis of the republican and demo- cratic system of government. New governments followed in a period which has been called the “Autocratic Republic”. Prieto, Mont and Bulnes strengthened the juridi, cal institutions. Diego Portales was the most important figure of the Prieto Government, writing the Constitution of 1833, a sober do- cument which established the fun- damental principles of the Republic equality before the law; equality of opportunity to aspire to public office and employment; proportio- nal division of taxes; inviolability of private property; the right to petition the authorities, and the li- berty to publish in the press with- | put previous censorship anyone’s opinions. The Legislative power resided in the Congress, divided into two chambers. The executive power was exercised by the President of the Republic; the Judicial power was in charge of a Supreme Court of Justice, The achievements of these governments were, in brief: orga- nization of the national economy; development of commerce and mi- ning; ocupation of the Magellan Straits; immigration and coloniza- tion of Southern Chile; codifica- tion of the laws; creation of numerous educational establish- ments, primary and _ secondary schools, as well as universities, |among which are the University of Chile, and the National Normal School. The first Rector of the University of Chile was the Vene- zuelan scholar Andrés Bello, and. of the Normal School the great Ar- gentine educator Domingo F. Sar- miento. They als set up credit institutions, and built a railroad, the first in South America, The “Autecratic Republic’ was followed by the “Liberal Repub- lic”. The working classes began to be conscious of their rights. The first conflicts between capital and labor took place. The Radical Par- ty and the Democratic Party were born, inspired by advanced ideas. The administrations of Presidents, Pérez, Errazuriz, Pinto, Santa Maria and Balmaceda were of great ad- vances and extraordinary unrest. Newspapers and magazines appear- ed; the liberal spirit was demos- trated in the freedom of the press, in reforms in the electoral sys- tem, in the promulgation of laws permitting civil marriage and prov- iding for the Civil Registry. This period ended with the revolution of 1891, when President Balmace- da ended his life. His work as Chief Executive, in which he stimulated education, carried out great public works and developed production, was recognized when political, re- volutionary passions had abated. After Balmaceda’s fall, the “Par- liamentary Republic” was establish- ed. During this period some of the most advanced social legisla- tion in the world was enacted, prov- iding protection for the Chilean workers, Spanish Version Paga & EXILES 10 REFRAIN FROM ALL REBEL POLITICAL ACTIVITIES |retake her son. WARNS CUBAN The government officials showed | anger for the false accusation made |by the two sisters to the police and the press, stating that Fidel’s seven years old son had been kid- | napped by Batista’s agents as a primanded Emma and Lydia Castro | weapon to bring to an end the re-| Ruz, sisters of the Cuban revol-|bel chief resistance against the| utionary’ leader Fidel Castro Ruz, |for stirring agitation against Pres-' ident Fulgencio Batista. government armed forces. The boy, Fidel Castro Diaz, real- ly was taken by Castro’s ex-wife, the officials. The Ministry of the Interior also exiles. Mrs. Nijfiez is residing at the Cu- ban Embassy, with her son, for fear | that the revolutionaries will try to Government - officials declared that the activities of the Cuban exiles are embarrasing for México, as they have been granted political asylum and “whether we like it or not, we are obliged to let them stay in the country”. MOTHER LEGAL CUSTODIAN The Mexican authorities were in- formed that the former wife of the Cuban rebel chief, Dr. Fidel Castro Ruz, is the only legal cus- todian of his son Fidel and that there should not be legal obstacles | for her to, have the boy. The information, sent by Cuba’s judicial authorities, points out that Mirta Diaz de Nifiez Blanco, is le- gally divorced from the Cuban re- volutionary and affirms that for this reason her right to the custo- dy of her seven years old son can- not be discussed. The boy was taken to the Cuban Embassy here by his mother, who divorced Castro when he staged his first uprising against Batista on July 26, 1953. Castro’s sisters said that the boy was taken by force from their car last Saturday, for Batista to use him as a hostage to force Castro Ruz to end his revolutionary strug- gle in Cuba. Castro Ruz, before sailing for Cuba last month to head his rebel- lion against Batista régime, said he wanted his son to remain in México. The boy’s mother, now married to Emilio Nufez Blanco, son of the Cuban Ambassador to the United Nations, Emilio Nufiez Portuondo, declared that she came to México to claim her son who was living here temporarily with his father and his three aunts. It is understood that mother and son are yet in the Cuban Embassy. The Embassy and the Airlines re- fused to give any information about any traveling plans of both. Buy and Use Christmas Seals Mirta Diaz de Niifiez, according to| warned Mrs. Nufez not to engage} in political discussions with Cuban} Nehru Expresses Hope For Betfer Relations With Latin America WASHINGTON, Dec. 19 (UP)— Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru of India said in an interview today Latin America “where we share so many aspirations,” “We not only have in common the goals of economic progress,” he said. “We also share an intense belief in national independence and peace.” Nehru was interviewed by the United Press after he delivered a speech to a nation-wide television audience from the Pan-American Union, headquaters of the Organi- zation of American States. He said he was “very glad to comment on the coincidence that he should make his principal speech in- the United States from the site of an organization devoted to promoting ideals shared by India in the Western Hemisphere. “T know we have many affinities with most countries in Latin Amer- ica,” he said. Nehru said he hopes one day to be able to visit the 20 Latin American Republics, “I am very sorry that I’ve never visited Latin America,” he said. “We enjoy verv frinedly relations with these countries and I hope “We enjoy very frinedly relations in the future. From what our diplomats report I think we share not only political and economic goals but also a way of life.” Indian Ambassador G. L. Mehta explained to this correspondent that he has just been accredited to Cuba, He already is accredited Indian Ambassador to México in addition to his principal post here in Washington. India also has Embassies in Bra- zil and Argentina. An envoy has he hopes to strengthen bonds with| - Member Inter American Press Association For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 135 ae AMBASSADOR CHIRIBOGA AMBASSADOR ARIAS WELCOMED BY OAS WASHINGTON, Dec. 19 (UP)— The Council of the Organization of American States f.rmally welcomed today Panama’s new Ambassador, Dr. Ricardo Arias. The former Panamanian Pres- ident was greeted by council chair- man Fernando Lobo, -* Brazil. A round of applause from the envoys of the 21-member council followed Lobo’s announcement that Arias will represent his country on the Council. Arias has been designated Pan- amanian Ambassador to the United States but he will also represent Panama before the OAS,, at least for the time being. The Pan- amanian government had hoped to appoint another envoy to the OAS but the Panamanian Congress so far has not been willing to also been named to Chile, he said. WASHINGTON, Dec. 19 —(UP) —Senator George Smathers declar- ed that persistent threats of rev- olution and other forms of violence in the Caribbean area have created a serious economic problem in that region. Smathers, who just returned from a tour of two weeks through Cen- tral America and the Caribbean, stated that foreign investors are reticent to go to those countries while there exist underground threats against their governments. “Many of those nations are not receiving full financial aid they need for the development of their natural resources, because until Fight Tuberculosis! HEMISPHERIC EVENTS ARGENTINE STRIKE 1 DECLARED ILLEGAL BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 19 —(UP) —The Ministry of Labor and Pre- vention declared illegal the strike of the Municipal Cold Storage Workers, which interfering with this capital meat supplies. The decision is based on the stoppage being called before all resources, legally established for the settling of the differences, were not yet exhausted. The strike entered its fourth day and a spokesman for the concern said that of the five thousand work- ers employed there, 1,100 have con- tinued working, although the pro- duction only reaches 20% of nor- mal. As consequency, meat start- ed to be scarce in the city of Bue- nos Aires. AUSTERITY BUDGET FOR HONDURAS TEGUCIGALPA —(UP) — Of- ficial sources said today that the Military Junta is interested in that the new budget of the nation, which will cover the period from the 1st of January to the 31st of Decem- ber 1957, be made out on a basis of austerity and economy. The announced program of se-}teban Bilbao, was unable to receive "Persistent Revolution Threats Harm Caribbean Area’, Smathers authorize another apointment. tle their differences at the con- ference table instead of doing it in the battlefield,” he said. The Senator added that he is especially concerned about the in- creasing dissension between Cuba and the Dominican Republic, as well as between Nicaragua and Cos- ta Rica. Smathers also said the problems of the Caribbean region merit much more attention from the President of the United States. Another adverse economic factor, he said, has been the decrease in more than two million dollars in the ge- neral trade between the United The Americas are Ready to Teach to the World a Lesson in Co- Existence Declares Ecuadorean Ambassador WASHINGTON, (Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)—Dr. José R. Chiriboga, Ambassador of Ecuador, presented his credentials to Pres- ident Eisenhower. This is. the second time Dr. Chiriboga occupies ¢|the high post before the Wash- ington Government, The illustrious Ecuadorean statesman and diplomat was ac- companied to the Presidential Office by the Chief of Protocol of the Department of State, Ambassa- dor John Simmons. In his important speech, Dr. Chiriboga said, among other things: “We are in a rendezvous with the destiny of America, Mr, Pres- ident. Our peoples, who love liberty and respect human dignity, who reject the use of force, who con- demn any attack against territorial integrity and political indepen- dence; our peoples, who are showing the way for peaceful coexistence and collective wellbe- ing, demand more attention for their economic problems, in order that the worker, the artisan, the teacher, the farmer and the mer- chant enjoy in Latin America the benefits offered by technical pro- gress put at the service of great causes. His Execellency the Pres- ident of Ecuador, Dr. Ponce Enri- quez, has declared from the very Chiriboga to Pres, Eisenhower . Ponce Enriquez Determined to Follow the Road of Peace and Justice, he States wide road of peace and justice im the relations with friendly nations, inspiring the acts of his Govern- ment in the precepts of harmony, good faith and fairness, which have been and will continue to be the best heritage left to us by the great captains of political emaneli- pation. - “I am certain that the United States, as a herald of peace and progress in this Hemisphere, will intensify in the coming years its generous efforts :nd the invaluable cooperation, both moral and econo- mic, in order to support the legiti- mate Ecuadorean aspirations for peace based on the foundations of justice and in the right to collective progress which will result in the improvement of living standards for all the inhabitants of Ecuador. “The moment has come to-make effective the words of the great Patriarch of American democracy, Thomas Jefferson, who thinking about the future of all the Amer- icas, said: America will teach some lessons to the world, Well -the politico-juridieal solidarity, sup- ported by the economic integration of the 21 free nations, will allow America to teach the great lessgn, which will result in justice and security in foreign affairs, and beginning of his administration his firm determination to follow the SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, Dec. 19 —(UP)— Official circles expres- sed their satisfaction with the an- nouncement that Dr. Leonte Her- docia, who is now Ambassador of his country in El Salvador, will come to this capital as Nicaraguan Ambassador next week. Dr. Herdocia was appointed three years ago as Minister of Nicaragua to Costa Rica, but never assumed his post because of, the tense rela- tions between the two countries. Herdocia will come accompanied by Guillermo Trabanino, Secretary General of the Organization of Cen- tral American States, and his visit is considered as a conciliatory gesture just after the statement of President Figueres, in which he clears the Government of Nicara- gua of all guilt in a complot to States and Central America during now they have not learned to set- department and the Banco Nacio- nal de Fomento was put into ef- fect. More new and substantial cuts in next year budget are ex-) pected. Some observers forecasted that the increase of displaced persons will intensify the atmosphere of economic crisis the country is go- ing through now. CUBA DECORATES SPANISH PROFESSOR MADRID —(UP)— Cuban Am- bassador, Dr. Juan J. Remos, in a ceremony held at the Embassy, delivered the Decoration of the Order of Lanuza to Juan del Ro- sal, Dean of! the Valladolid Uni- versity. Law School. He also decorated Lawyers Ma- nuel de la Plaza, Ramiro Fernan- dez de la Mora, Jaime Massaveu, Antonio Quintano Ripolles, Anto- nio Guerrero Burgos, Isaias San- chez Tejerina, Emilio Gémez Orba- neja, Federico Castellén and Eu- genio Coello. Writer Angel Dotor was decorat- ed with the Order of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, The President of the Courts, Es- the last year. . MEXICO NOT TAKING HUNGARIAN EXILES MEXICO —(UP)— A high of- ficial of the government said to- day that México will not offer to take a quota of Hungarian exiles; but, probably, will accept indivi- dual immigrants applications of a limited number of them. The official said that, before the government is able to accept a mass immigration of Hungarians, it must solve first the problems of its own population, which includes groups living in bad economic con- ditions. “This does not signify that we do not sympathize with the lot of the Hungarians, neither it signi- fies that we will not extend visas to some of the Hungarians who want to come to México as im-| migrants”, he added. The Mexican Government have not answered officially yet the pe- titions of the United: Nations ask- ing for help to the Hungarian exiles. SPAIN AND MEXICO DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS PUEBLA, México. (UP) — An unofficial Spanish representative vere economies entered its opera- duction of employment in the roads his insignia of the Order of Lanu- tive phase when a considerable re-|za, as he is at present in Barce-| México. Jona, declared that his country wishes to restore its diplomatic relations with assassinate Figueres uncovered in this capital last week, when three Latin. American News in Brief visited Puebla invited by the local! Spanish colony, said that “the peo- ple and government of my country wish the restoration of diplo:natic relations with México.” “My government and I, perso- nally—he added—feel a keen desire of arriving to a solution of this affairs, giving expression to the mutual desires of our Fatherlands.” De Plandolit said that, desiring to make firmer its bonds with Mé- xico, the government of Spain has granted about one hundred scholar- ship to Mexican stu¢ents, . PERU GETS 900.000.000 SOLES LOAN LIMA. (UP)—The Banco Central de Reserva del Peri (Pert’s Cen- tral Reserve Bank) granted, through its Direction, a loan of 900,000,000 Soles to the govern- ment. The Chamber of Deputies and the Senate recently approved the bill which authorizes the Executive and the Banco Central de Reserva del Pera, to negotiate contracts for the loan of up to 900,000,000 Soles. THe loans are destined to cancellation of the monies owed to the Banco de Reserva del Pert for, obligations contracted by the _Manuel Onos de Plandolit, who ® State and to cover the obligations which affects—in excess of the harmony, fairness and respect, and social justice in internal matters.” Costa Ricans Pleased With Newly Appointed Nicaraguan Ambassador Nicaraguan gunmen who entered the country. illegally were arrest- ed Figueres said later he was very pleased with the fact that a rumor circulating in the city that the three had been paid by elements of the Nicaraguan Government were un-. founded. However, in spite of all the ef- forts made in high official circles to re-establish harmony between the two countries, Costa Rica has frontier guards who - carefully examine the documents of all per- sons entering the country by the Inter American Highway and other frontier points and, according to sources close to the Government, during the last few days more than a dozen Nicaraguans who tried to enter the country clandestinely have been detained. El Guarico Dan” Inaugurated by - Pérez Jiménez CARACAS, Dec. 19 (UP)— The President of the Republic, General Marcos Pérez Jiménez, inaugurated the dam on the Gufrico River, a project which cost 178 million bolivars (over 90 million dollars), and which will permit the irriga | tion of 10,000 hectares of land. It is estimated that this dam constitutes a project of fundamen tal importance for the plan of developmerit” of “agricultural pro- duction in Venezuela. BOMB EXPLOSION KILLS FIREMAN BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 10 (UP) —A fireman lost his life and a policeman was seriously wounded this morning with the explosion of a bomb placed by terrorist elements near the tracks of the Roca Na- tional Railroad in Quilmes, south of Buenos Anres, This is the case of most serious consequences in a series of bombs placed recently by agitators slong the railroad tracks and in different public places. original authorization—the Budget of the country. In accordance with its organié by-laws the Banco Central de Re- serva has the privilege of granting or not the loans solicited even bp the Government, } | |