Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 12, 1956, Page 10

i Member Inter American Inter - American News Press” Association for English- manieete Speaking people For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity For @ betfer understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1956 4 PRES. BATISTA URGES REBELS 4th YEAR NUMBER 128 SOUTH AMERICA’S BIGGEST CHRISTMAS PRESENT S. SMITH Vice President @. A. SAN ROMAN c President Vice FRANCISCO AGUIRRE W. SMITH President KNOW HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Vice President, Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Eliseo Riera-Gomez Managing Editor ® Advertising and Circulation Mgr. Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs, Fla., on February 8, 1956, |e cere RSE PEE EE ATS EDITORIAL THE RESPONSIBILITY OF LEGISLATORS po EMR STL aS IE Rt Bleach Bots) Within the democratic system of Government, members of the Legislative Power have high and serious official responsibilities, because from them depends, in a great measure, the fate of the insti- tutions of the State and of Public Administration. The caliber of legislators must be, without a doubt, of excellent civic conditions, of great common sense, and they should be learned in public affairs in general, and, if possible, with particular experien- ce in determined aspects regarding the Administra- tion. If all the constitutional faculties in the hands| of legislators are analized with calm, it is easy to} understand the imperative need that these legisla- tors be persons of proven honesty and good judg- ment, And this judgment does not exactly imply to have a vast education, but to be able to take wise council when the magnitude of a problem of State demands it. The leaders of political parties and influential persons in all democratic coramunities should see} that the representatives of the people in Congress are | citizens who are able to fulfill with decor and) efficiency the mission entrusted to them. Of course, the transcendence of that mission is closely linked to the degree of democratic integrity prevailing in the country, because if the Congress is only a decorative organ of the State and its resolu- tions are not respected, or are the result of shameful impositions from, and claudications to other organ of the State—usually the Executive—then that mission has no importance at all in national life. Always, of course, there is civic responsibility for the legislator. The fact that there may exist a} state of affairs hampering the independence of the States Organisms, if this is with his complicity and tolerance, the legislator who surrenders his prerroga- tives without the right te do so, assumes immense responsibilities and may incurr in a serious crime against the State institutions. And, if the constitu- tional or legal sanction cannot be applied, due to! physical impediment, the people at least should sanction morally, with its repudiation and its dam- nation, those who disfigure the State Organisms— Public Power Organisms which emanate from the people—to put them at the service of an individual, or a group or a party, laying aside their obligations and the general interests of the country. The Senators and the Deputies, or only the Deputies where there is only a Legislative Chamber, should dignify their posts and make themselves worthy of their fellow citizens respect. As the members of a political party they can be identified with the individuals who integrate the Executive Power and defend their policies in Congress; but as Representatives of the people they should maintain a minimum of independence and proud, mannerly attitude, within the harmonic cooperation with the Executive and Judicial Organisms, which will en- force the democratic principles that inspire the technic of the classic division of Public Powers. Port-Au-Prince Paralized by General Strike in Protest Against Magloire PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti, Dec,| Virtually every shop in the city 11 (UP)—A general strike to pro- est Gen. Paul E. Magloire’s suspen- sion of constitutional rights and the arrests of opposition party leaders tied up Port-Au-Prince today. An air of tense expectancy hung over the capital city, awaiting the Government’s reaction to the mass} protest demonstration. The strike began yesterday. Record Air Cargo to Latin America During November Air cargo movements to Latin America through Miami set two traffie records for Pan American World Airways during November. Heaviest single day volume in the history of PAA’s Miami gate- way was recorded on November| 29 when 143,567 pounds was car- ried south by cargo Clippers. The previous high for one day was 142,- 450 pounds, established May 17. The big day helped set a record for the month of November with a total of 2,771,808 pounds, surpas- sing by 364,672 pounds last year’s record November. Pan American cargo officials pointed out that there has been a Steady increase over the years in air cargo to Latin America and record-breaking movements are ex- pected to continue, bolstered by Christmas season traffic. |closed down, The usually-teeming foreign-owned or operated stores remained open. Government em- |ployes stayed on the job. | on all outgoing cables and overseas | telephone calls. No references to the political or economic situation were permitted. The work stoppage was called to protest the actions taken by ;Magloire, now Provisional Presi- |dent of Haiti. Magloire stepped |down as President Dec, 6 after | completing a six-year term. He im- | mediately resumed authority as |Chief of the Armed Forces and Executive Department. The constitution forbids a second consecutive term for the Chief Executive. Opposition leaders char- | ged Magloire was seeking to per- | petuate himself in power by his | moves. Spokesman for Magloire said the moves were necessary to prevent violence by opposition parties in connection with the campaign for. presidential and senatorial elec- tions next may. They said the measures are only ‘temporary. Magloire suspended the Consti- tution last week after several small bombs were exploded in the market place and other sections of the capital, Opposition leader Louis Dejoie was jailed last Thursday and other opposition leaders also were said to have been taken into custody, | market place was deserted. A few! A tight censorship was imposed} | THY | NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ COLOMBIA— The Department of Bolivar is located on the North- west part of the country, and the Magdalena River flows along the Eastern part of it. It has a tropical temperature and its flat and low, the highest point being Villanue- va, 1.476 feet above sea level. It is sixth in area among the depart- ments of the Republic, and eight in population; which is estimated at 766.500. The area is 14.636 square miles. The Department of Bolivar is represented at the National Congresss by 5 senators and 11 re- presentatives.. hTe Assembly of the Department has 28 deputies. The excellent grasslands of the re- gion make Bolivar the first de- partment in the country in cattle raising. Agriculture also has achiev- ed a high degree of development. Cartagena, the capital of the De- partment, has a population of 175.- 000 and is one of the most attract- ive cities in the country for tourists since it has many historical monu- ments. Called the Heroic City by the Liberator Simén Bolivar, Car- tagena was founded in 1533 by Pe- dro de Heredia, and was the first city of its type in the Continent, famous for its walls and forts built in the XVII century at a cost of 59 million gold pesos. The height of the walls is about forty feet and the width between fifty and sicty feet. They are built of stone, with a mixture of sand, lime and crushed snails. The old part of the. city is completely surrounded by these walls, which were intended to de- fend it from the raids of the pi- rates, who used to attempt fre- quent attacks, since Cartagena was, at that time, the principal Spanish center of the New World. _ The outstanding defensive fort is “San Felipe de Barajas”, con- sidered to be the most important colonial fortification in America, built between 1657 and 1752 at a cost of eleven million gold pesos, with underground passages connec- ting it to the city. It is said that when the cost of building the walls and this fortress was revealed to the King of Spain, he went to the window of the palace, and placing his hand as a shade over his eyes, he said: “I want to see them, for that money I should be able to see them from here”. Other forts are the “Bovedad de Bocachica”, at the entrance of the bay, and the cas tles of San Fernando and San José. Old Cartagena was built for strictly military and defensive pur- Poses, none of its streets is straight and is in ithelf a Spanish monu- ment in America, Most of the build- ings date from colonial times, and those deserving special attention are the Palace of the Inquisition, thedral, the Convent of Santa Cruz de la Popa, and the Convent of San Pedro Claver. Cartagena was the city of the Americas which suffered the great- est and the most frequent attacks from the pirates and buccaneers, all of which it fought back with great heroism. That is the reason of the Heroic City. Several islands which can be reached from the city across narrow canals, give this Colombian port an aspect of great beauty. The principal manufacturing in- dustries: of Cartagena are: foods, beverages shoes and clothing, che- mical products, tobacco, printing and publications, furniture, lumber, textiles, leather goods, metal pro- ducts, rubber goods, paper and ma- ny others. Other cities of some importance in the Department of Bolivar are: Mompés ,a river port, founded in 1537, with a population of 29.320; Magangué, founded in 1610, with a population of 45.460; Corozal, with a population of 33.0000, and Sincelejo, with 44.310. Spanish Version Page. 3. Governor Williams in Buenos Aires BUENOS AIRES, Dec, 11 (UP) —Governor G. Mennen Williams, of Michigan, who is in a tour of Latin American countries, arrived from Uruguay. Before’ leaving Montevideo, Wi- lliams declared that the United States should return to the Good Neighbor Policy, in the manner it was applied during the Administra- tion of the late President Roo- sevelt. Then he said: “At this moment in which the cooperation of all men of good will is needed to preserve democracy, we cannot abandon the ties uniting the United States with other democratic coun- tries of the world,” the Government Palace, the Ca-| why the Liberator gave it the name | CARACAS, Venezuela—Never before—so much by so few! the biggest Xmas present any South American country ever received. playgrounds, stores, a church, a theater and even two gas stations! total income for 1956 on public works! (No other country has ever shows general view of the inaugural ceremonies in Caracas as the (Photo Hamilton-Wright). Latin Americans Oppose Sharing Full Payment for UN Egypt Army Great Powers Should Make the Greatest Contribution for Expenses, They Believe UNITED NATIONS, Dec. 11 — instance, ten percent of the annual | (UP)— The Latin American na-| budget of the organization, or about | tions, acting as a block, announced | five million dollars. This amount} their opposition to the plan of the} would be covered by all members | U.N. Secretary General for a per-|in proportion with the quotas ap- centage-quota system of the ex-| proved for the administrative and penses of the emergency interna-| general expenses of the organiza- tional force of the United Nations. | tion. Secretary General Hammarskjold,| B) Any additional sums that has proposed that payment be | have to be expended during 1957 made “according to the quota to|would be obtained through vol- be approved for the ordinary bud-| untary contributions which the Se- get of the United Nations.” leretary General or a special neg- Opposition of the twenty repub-| otiations committee would negotia- lies was ammounced before the | te. Budget and Administrative Com-| ‘The substance of this proposal, mittee by Dr. Rafael Urquia, Am-| grafted in careful diplomatic terms, of the Latin sident American | tin America wishes to contribute Group. jin part to defray the expenses of “It is for me a high honor —Dr.|the force, but believes that the Urquia said— to address you in the | greatest ‘tontribution should be name of «all the Latin American | made by the great powers.” delegations and fully authorized by all of them.” | Dr. Urquia, Urquia stated that the recom-| Secretary General had been inform- mendation of quotas made by the/ed about the Latin American re- Secretary General “may bring | solution, added: A heavy burdens” to the peoples of | “We firmly believe that extra- the Latin American countries, After presenting some considera-|which the creation of the interna- tions and suggestions opposing | tional emergency force of the Unit- Hammarskjold’s recommendation, |ed Nations in Egypt is due, should the Salvadorean Ambassador made correspond also extraordinary so- the Latin American proposal, which lutions, instead of applying the consists of two points: A) A maximum amount would |ordinary expenses of the organiza- Venezuela—a country of 6,000,000— inaugurates the first of more than 1,000 public works projects built this year-costing $500,000,000, It is after saying the| ‘common method employed for the | ae Twenty-two “super block” apart- ment houses, each, fifteen stories high, were opened last week. They will add 2,688 new apartments to the 30,000 that have already been built to clear slum areas. The development is complete with schools, Venezuela is spending 57% of her spent more than 30%). Photo new housing project is dedicated. AMBASSADOR ARIAS PRESENTS COPIES OF CREDENTIALS WASHINGTON, Dee. 11 (UP)— Panama’s new Ambassador to the United States, former President Ricardo Arias, presented copies of this credentials to the Department of State today. The step is preliminary to his formal accreditation to the White House. Arias met this afternoon with acting Secretary of State Herbert Hoover Jr. He was accompained by John F. Simmons, U. S. Chief of Protocol, Roy R. Rubottom, acting Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs and Juan Manuel Méndez Mérida, Minister of bassador of El Salvador and Pre-| means in more prosaic words: “La-| the Panamanian Embassy, The officials are expected to arrange an appointment for Arias with President Eisenhower, possibly late this week after the President | returns from his Atlanta, Georgia, vacation, The Ambssador-designate arrived | here Nov. 30, one day before the jordinary situations as this one, to| departure of Panamanian Foreign Minister Aquilino E. Boyd. He has already met with high State Department officials to infor- | mally discuss some of the: business | he will take charge after his White be fixed now, not exceeding, for tion.” HEMISPHERIC EVENTS NEW COMMANDER IN PUERTO RICO SAN JUAN, P. R. —(UP)— Rear Adm, Daniel V. Gallery, U. S. N.,} has assumed the Commandancy of the Caribbean Sea Frontier and} the 10th Naval District, with head-| quarters here. : } Gallery succeeded Rear Adm. B, H. Hall, who was transferred to| San Diego, Calif. Gallery was formerly Chief of Naval Air Re- serve training at Glenview, Ill. GUATEMALA DECORATES CHIANG KAI-SHEK HONK-KONG — (UP) — From Manila and bound for Taipei to de-| liver a decoration granted by the Government of Guatemala to the President of Nationalist China, Ge- neralissimo Chiang Kai-Shek, a Guatemalan Mission of Good Will arrived here. The Mission of three members presided by Dr. Enrique Quifones, will decorate Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek with the Order of Quetzal, which is the highest distinction granted to foreign personalities by Guatemala. Chiang is the object Dr. Quifiones will also study the problems of education in Formosa during his visit, as he has done in Thailand, India, Indonesia and The Philippines. From Formosa, the Guatemalan Mission will depart for Japan and the Korean Republic, before re- turning to their country. WAGE INCREASE BUENOS AIRES—(UP)—A new labor. contract grating wage in- creases averaging 50 per cent to 4,700 Aerolineas Argentinas em- ployes has been signed, the Labor Ministry announced. HUNGARIAN REFUGEES FOR PUERTO RICO . WASHINGTON, (UP) — Puerto Rico may take some of the Hun- garian refugees now arriving daily from Austria at Camp Kilmer, N, J, it was learned here. The refugees will be skilled wor- kers badly needed for work in the machine and toolmaking in- dustries of Puerto Rico. Informed sources said the idea came from of the homage “due to his personal merits”, a prominent industrialist in Puerto Rico, The MufiozMarin Govern- House call. 4 ment is not involved in the nego- tiations. | There were no definite numbers | mentioned but it was assumed as many as needed to fill the need in Puerto Rico could be brought there. However, there is also a shortage of skilled wodkers in those’ in- dustries in the United States and already American industry, is try- ing to get the skilled workers as soon as they arrive here. Families of the workers would also go to Puerto Rico with them, the source said, BANANA DISEASES TO BE CONTROLLED WASHINGTON. (UP)—A plant pathologist of the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, recently re- turned from a trip to Central Ame- rica, said banana disease in that region might someday be con- trolled. " Dr, John Dundegan, one of five technicians who touved Latin America representing the special banana committee of the Inter- American Economic. and Social Council, told members that work being carried on in the laboratories TO SURRENDER, OFFERING “FULL GUARANTEES FOR THEIR LIVES” Government Reveals Names of Rebels Killed HAVANA, Cuba, Dec. 11 (UP) President Fulgencio Batista ordered military commanders in the Niquero area today to offer “full gauarantees for their lives” toa ll rebels who surrender. The latest military communique reported the remnants of the re- yolutionary invasion force had been split in two groups, with regular army units in full pursuit. One rebel band was said to be heading deeper into the rugged Sierra Maestra mountains while the other appeared to be pushing to- ward the sea in the direction of Cape Cruz. The Manzanillo correspondent for the CMQ-Radio Station said Government force and rebels clash- ed last night just east of the town of Colonia Alegria, in the Niquero area of Oriente Province. There were no further details and official confirmation could not be obtained. Military communiques have re- ported at least 27 rebels killed since the revolutionary force in- vaded the southeastern Cuban coast eight days ago. Unconfirmed re- ports put the rebel toll at around 60. The bodies of 15 unidentified rebels killed in recent clashes in the Manzanillo-Niquero area were buried in a common grave in Man- zanillo. @ ‘A tourist card with the address “101 Northeast 51 St,, Miami, Fla.”, was found on the body of one of |\the victims, tentatively identified as Faustino Pérez Hernandez, 36. A government communique said Batista reported to his cabinet on the military operations in the Sie tra Maestra. It quoted him as saying the disorganized rebel rem- nants “may not be in adequate physical condition to fight and, according to some prisoners, wish to surrender.” Batista said military commanders have been instructed to urge the rebels to surrender in air-dropped leaflets and over loudspeakers. GOVERNMENT ISSUES CASUALTY LIST HAVANA, Dec. 11 —(Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)— Ac- cording to reports from Manzani- lo and Niquero eleven Castro fol- lowers which were killed by goy- ernment soldiers have been iden- tified and are: Jaime Santiago nuel Echevarria, Mario Hidalgo Ba- rrios, Florentino Suarez Martinez, Alfonso Capote Figueroa, Tomas Royo Valdés, Miguel Saavedra Pé- rez, Luis Arcos, Faustino Pérez Hernandez, and newspaperman Fé- lix Juan Elmusa, which increase the dead rebels, on Saturday and Sunday, to 25, The Military Commander of the Zone, General Martin Diaz Tama- yo, flew on a plane and through loud-speakers exhorted the revolu- tionaries to lay down their arms, but it seems they are determined to continue the struggle. It has been reported that a civil plane with officials from Manzanillo and Niquero, doing the same, was shot at by the rebels. It is said that the revolutionaries are now divid- ed in two groups; one marching to the East, toward El Cobre’o Palma Soriano and the other to the West, toward Cayo Cruz. Bolivia fo Get For Stabilization WASHINGTON, Dec, 11 (UP)— The International Monetary Fund and the Government of the United States decided to grant Bolivia an stabilization loan of $27,500,000 to aid that country. in the solution of her serious economic difficulties. Negotiation of the corresponding contract will be~ announced of- ficially after high Bolivian officials report to President Hernan Silez Zuazo about their negotaitions at this capital. In exchange for the loan Bolivia has promised to pay her overdue bonds, which are, in the greater quantity, in the hands of North American Banks and to‘implant a fixed exchange rate for thé Boli- viano (Bolivia’s unit of currency). It is believed that-both measures are essential parts of the World Economic Stabilization Plan, aimed to increase the’ mineral ~produc- tion and to curb inflation. The accord shows the backing of the U. S, government and the International Fund to the efforts of the Bolivian Government to rehabilitate the country economi- cally. The negotiations for the loan were finished last week and the Latin American News in Brief all over the world might soon Show how Panam disease and red sigatoka, the two diseases that plague banana planters can be con- trolled. He said that “to say the situa- tion is hopeless is to belittle the work carried on by scientist every- where”. He pointed out he had been working with certain anti-biotics that might be effective in stopping the disease, AUTO INDUSTRY GETS DUTY EXEMPTIONS RIO DE JANEIRO. (UP). —Pres- ident Juscelino Kubitschek signed into law a bill granting a 30-month exemption from custom duties on equipment imported for Brazil’s fledging automotive industry. The law especifically lists tHe| equipment to be exempt, It is part of Brazil’s drive to promote na- tional automotive industry, to re- place the assembly plant system using imported parts. Several foreign and domestic firms already have begun produc- tion, including Willys Overland, of the U. S., and. Mercedes Benz and Dwk-Vemag of Germany, . Substantial Loan of Her Economy final details were agreed to in a short later reunion. Immediately after, the meeting the Bolivian Delegates, presided by Dr. Franklin Antezana-Paz, President of Banco Central de Bolivia, left by plane por La Paz. Dr. Antezana Paz was accompani- ed by George Eder, International Financing Corporation expert who the government, and Miguel Guis- bert, Vice President ofthe Econo- mic Development Planing Commis- sion, It is understood that the stabil- ization loan of $27,500,000 is in excess of the aid, amounting to $20,000,000 that is expected the United States Government will grant Bolivia next year. 3 One of the most important aspec' of the loan, according to local economic ‘ observers, will be the stabilization of the. Boliviano. It has been rated at the official ex- change of 190 Bolivianos per dollar while in the free market it has reached up to 12,000.. The encour- aging effect of the recent negotia- tions was refleted in a drop of 9,200 Bolivianos. at the. free market. It is believed that ‘the new of- ficial rate of exchange will fluc- tuate between 7,000 and 9,000 Bolivianos per dollar. The observers added that by fixing the rate of exchhange the door to a new trade and free exchange policy “21 be opened, thus giving better opportunities for private investments: It is not known yet what will be the Monetary Fund contribution to the loan and neither that of the North American government; but, according to conjectures heard here, the Fund participation will be of about $7,500,000 and the other. $20,000,000 will be contri- buted by the U, S. Treasury and the International Cooperation Ad- ministration. On the other hand the Agricul- ture Department reported the pur- chase of 4,400,00 pounds of flour to be exported to Bolivia in con- formity with the program of aid to foreign countries. Buy and Use Christmas Seals | Fight Tuberculosis! Hitzel, Andrés Lujan Vazquez, Ma- | will act in Bolivia as Assessor of '