Diario las Américas Newspaper, November 28, 1956, Page 10

“ 00 students who were trying to Inter - American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR @ A SAN ROMAN President PRANCISCO AGUIRRE Cc. W. SMITH Vice President 8. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President and Publisher Vice President. Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr een nse SE ESET SS RE Published daily except Monday — M@mtered as second class matter mt the Post | Offi 056. jee of Miami Springs. Fis. op February & eae teeter SR SS A SE A SY ESD EDITORIAL FINANCIAL OBLIG ATIONS OF LATIN ss nanan open Nn TT ene cA IESE ASSET AST AMERICAN GOVERNMENTS For the prestige of fiscal institutions in the Latin American Republics; for the necessary con- fidence they must inspire within the country and abroad, the financial obli gations each Government incurs in the name of the State, should be honored with carefull precision, permit. as far as circumstances Those obligations, which may be with nationals or foreigners, must be attended to in the best possible manner in all the countries, with the greatest promptness, to encourage the economic and commer- cial development in the country, as well as to attract foreign capital and labor. A Government may fall in multiple errors, may incur in great irregularities, but if its credit is sound, it can do much to carry on projects of econo- mic development for the benefit of the country, for which it may take domestic capital, in order advantage of foreign or to solve urgent problems the treasury cannot immediately attend to, In yesterday’s edition we published an exclusive interview with the Comptroller General of Ecuador, who stated that “the given word of the Government will always have the soundness of a public document signed with all the formalities, and the financial obligations of the Govern foreigners, will be honored manner.” Certainly those words ment, with nationals and in a methodic and austere , which must have the approval of all the Latin American Governments, will be of great interest in United States, which are the financial circles of the interested in investments and activities that, within reciprocal guarantees, may be realized in Latin America. COMMUNIST INFILTRATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST Within her plans of international agitation, Russia is giving preference to the Middle East, and in that very important region of the world is engaged in a campaign of communist infiltration, which may complicate even more, very soon, the already very serious international crisis which, in great part, the Soviet regime is helping to maintain there. It is evident that, in demagoguery, as well as matters of agitation and violence and absence of ethical principles, the communists are at the van- guard of any politico-social movement in the world. They have an extraordinary ability, based, pre- cisely, on the lack of scruples, to confuse the masses at the beginning and then make them fall in fits of passion which favor the establishment of the red dictatorship. The marked efforts of the Russians for infil- tration in the Arab countries are dangerous in extreme, considering the capabilities and tactics of the communists, and the political, social and econo- mic conditions in those countries. The solution to the problem of the Middle East requires careful study. They are peoples with millenary traditions, their own peculiarities, with a culture of centuries, with marked personality, with great economic resources. , even though their pro- duction is not sufficiently developed to benefit the people, All those circumstances give the problem multiple and delicate aspects, which must be thoroughly known, in order to find a formula of equilibrium to maintain, on solid foundations, peace in the Middle East and the influence of democracy and of the Western nations in that all important region of the world. University Students Wounded in Clash With HAVANA, Nov. 27 — (UP)— During disturbances created by) University students when the PO-| lice frustrated several attempts to} organize a demonstration at the} Havana University, eight persons, among them! a 14-year-old boy, were wounded. The police made at least four arrests. During the morning there were three different clashes between| students, who were throwing stones | and petards, and police agents who ased water hoses and fired their zuns at the air. The first encounter was staged mm front of the University, when | the police scattered a group of | ‘each the Statue commemorating the execution of eight students by Havana Police During the second the police arrested four students carrying a flag and intoning the National An- them, at the Maceo Park. The last skirmish occurred at the steps of the University be- tween fifty of the University stu- dents and the police. POLICEMEN STONED HAVANA, Nov. 27 —(Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)— Early this morning the University stud- ents inaugurated, in the Gardens of the School of Medicine, a mon- ument to the memory of the eight medical students shot in 1871 at La Punta. The monument repre- sent a part of the wall of the fort- ress against which the martyrs were executed, with their names inscribed in it and a bust of Cap- the Spanish government in Cuba/tain Federico Capdevila, honorable n 1871, and valiant Spanish Army officer, For KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ CUBA — According to the writ- ings of Fray Bartolomé de las Casas, the first Europeans who saw tobacco were Rodrigo de Pé- rez and Luis de Torres, who in November, 1492, witnessed in the eastern part of Cuba the unusual spectacle of a group of Indians who, carrying in their hands small burning bundles of leaves rolled in other leaves, applied these to their mouths, inhaling the smoke thus produced, and “looking as if they were on fire.” Which proves that the Indians used to smoke cigars, as it is still done today, and to wrap their cigars as it is done today by Cuban cigar makers with unmatched skill to manufacture the Havana cigars, the delight of con- noisseurs all over the world. Also, which has made of the word Ha- vana a synonym for quality, According to other versions, the Indians used to smoke tabacco by inhaling the smoke through a twig in the shape of a Y, with two small arms and a central one, through which they inhaled the smoke after inserting the two upper ones in their nose. It could be possible that the two forms of smoking were used, smoking the rolled tobacto while they were active at work, or traveling, reserving the use of the Y shaped gadget for relaxing time at home. From these remote times comes what today is the second most im- portant industry in Cuba, one of the best sources of national income to the Cuban people and Govern- ment. The assertion that the Cuban tobacco is the best in the world is not an empty slogan nor a com- mercial propaganda phrase tinted with more or less partiality, but a well-known scientific fact. The to- bacco raised in Cuba contains a very small amount of nicotine; so small, is this amount of this alka- loid present in Cuban tobacco, that it is rather beneficial as a mild stimulant. Its unique bouquet has not been obtained anywhere else in the world. Many attempts have been made-to obtain this outside of Cuba, but without . success. There are several factors of cli- mate, soil, ete, which make this quality in tobacco an exclusive pri- vilege of the Island. Stored in huge warehouses there are immense quantities of tobacco which have been in storage for periods of three, four, and five years under a strict process of aging, to obtain the desired ripen- ing. These quantities of tobacco re- quire a constant watchfulness and care by a technical and experienc- ed personnel, so as to determine when and where each type of to- bacco must be used to insure that the finished product is always uni- form in its burning characteristics as well as in its bouquet and taste. The type of leaf tobacco which the Cuban factories employ to sup- ply the domestic market as well as the export trade, comes from the famous tobacco district of Vuelta Abajo, where the best Cu- ban tobacco is grown; using also at times leaf tobacco for the out- side covering of the cigars or “ca- pa” from the district of Partido, which specializes in this type of leaf tobacco at a high cost because of the special process of irrigation, fertilization, and other collateral needs to obtain a very uniform type of leaf tobacco in much de- mand by foreign smokers.of the finest types of cigars. There is an | erroneous concept regarding ci- gars. Many people believe that a light colored cigar is milder than a dark one. There is no relation, however, between the color and the strength of the cigar. A light color- ed cigar — “claro” — may be as strong, or stronger than a similar darker one, for the simple reason that the largest part of the cigar we do not see has the largest amount of tobacco, and it is the quality and the strength of this part which determines the mild- ness or the strength of the ci However, many of the manufac- turers try to put mild tobacco in light wrappers, in order to accomo- date those who believe there is a relation between color and mild- ness, which are the majority. (Continued tomorrow) Spanish Version Page % who defended the students from the false charges preferred against them, which he qualified as a erime. After, they grouped at the steps of the University, 400 strong led by the heads of the University Students Federation and carry- ing a large Cuban flag they started a trek by San Lazaro Street, where, at the intersection of Infanta St., the police and firemen with their equipment were stationed. The government forces opened water streams against the students to disperse the parade and the stud- ents stoned the publie agents, wounted several of them. a better understanding between the Americas WASHINGTON, Nov. 27—(UP) — Spokesmen for U. S. industrial users aligned themselves with Cu- ban producer demands for advance government assurance of “gener- ous” national sugar supplies in 1957. Gordon Pickett Peyton, repre- senting the users, urged the Agriculture Department to estab- lish a mainland sugar marketing 000 tons because of the “volatile world situation.” That figure was close to the 9,- 150,000 tons suggested by Dr. Artu- required to assure Cuba the 3,- 035,000-ton share of the U. S. mar- ket she enjoyed this year. Testifying at the annual hearings on sugar needs for the coming year, Peyton also joined in the Mafas demand for a “realistically” high initial ceiling in order to allow Cuba to anticipate U. S. needs be- fore earmarking exports for other markets. “If we are to maintain Cuba as our storehouse for sugar”, Peyton said, “we must give that country early assurance of our real needs.” Mafias and Peyton criticised the | pjrevious government practice of starting the year with a low ceiling and increasing it from time to time as the situation demands. The Gov- ernment justified that practice by claiming that a “negative allow- ance” was necessary as a price sti- mulus. Spokesmen for the producers in Puerto Rico and the mainland cane area, however, advocated a conser- ceiling “well in excess” of 9,102,-| ro Majias of the Cuban Sugar Sta- | bilization Institute as the ceiling | courage higher sugar prices. They argued that the govern- ment has used jits price influencing | powers under the sugar act to hold down those prices over a period which has seen production costs rise sharply. They avoided the subject of com- petition from sugar substitutes in presenting this argument. rence Crosby of the U. S. Cuban Sugar Stabilization Institute had warned that higher sugar prices might force some users to switch to artificial sweeteners, ~ In support of the Cuban argu- ment for initially high U. S, main- land marketing ceiling, Peyton said: “This. . .estimate (the official ceiling) should not be doled out bit by bit, as has been the 1956 story, but should be announced fir- ly and initially as the Department’s best estimate of 1957 require- ments.” Noting that the Government set an initial ceiling of 8,350,000 for 1956 and has increased it by stages to 8,875,000 Petyon assert- ed: “This arrival by pogo stick at a requirements figure which could have been anticipated in December 1955 has helped to create the price and supply situation which con- sumers of sugar, particularly on the Eastern Seaboard, now face.” Payton, along with spokesmen for the ice cream, candy, soft drink and bakers, made frequent referen- ces to the fact that sugar is cur- rently selling at its highest price in 33 years. Producers countered that sugar has increased less in price since vative marketing ceiling and a gov- ernment policy designed to en- HEMISPHERIC EVENTS PERMIT REQUIRED FOR® FISHING IN PERU LIMA, Pert. (UP) — An execut- ive decree provides that foreign commercial fishing ships must ob- tain a permit to fish within the 200-mile territorial waters claimed by Pert. The decree, drafted by the Fo- reing Ministry, rules that foreign ships wishing to fish in territorial waters must notify authorities at the ports of Callao and Talara of their intention and then go to either port for the required per- mit. Many southern California boats fish for Tuna in Peruvian waters. POPULATION OF PUERTO RICO UP WASHINGTON, (UP) — Puer- to Ricos civilian population has in- creased 51.000 or 2.3 percent since 1950, the United States Bureau of the Census said. The Bureau’s report covered the period from April 1, 1950 to July, 1, 1956. As of July 1 of this year Puerto Rico’s total civilian popu- lation numbered 2.256.000 against 2.205.000 in 1950, officials said. The total population including theh military for April 1, 1950, was 2.210.703, The same figures Lau- | MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1956 VISITING THE MAYOR.—Randall N. Christmas (left) received Desi! Arnaz and his charm- ing wife, Lucille Ball, in an informal visit at Dinner Key. Desi appears reading a copy of DIARIO LAS AMERICAS, something new in Miami since the time when he was a student in this city, before his spectacular rise to stardom. (Photo AMERICAS DAILY by Gort). Sugar Users Support Cuba's Demand for Larger US Market Initial Share siderably less than the general cost of living. At the same time, Joseph M. Creed, attorney for the bakers, termed it “ironic that the actual beneficiaries of the high prices. .. have been the low-cost offshore producers; also the foreign nations | which purchase in the world mar- ket at prices subsidized by the American consumer and taxpayer.” Harry R. Chapman of the con- fectioners complained that “Ame- rican candy manufacturers must compete with candy imported by foreign competitors who use world price sugar.” Wilbur H. Glenn, speaking for the soft drink bottlers, warned that the disappearance of sugar sur- pluses in Cuba poses a “serious” problem for the U. S. He also took a slap at México whose quota will be increased next year at the expense of Cuba’s percentage share of future increases in consump- tion. ° Sen. Mansfield eo eae ° Visiting Lima United States Senator Michael J. Mansfield, the Montanan who may be the next Democratic whip in the Senate, left for Lima, Peri from Miami by Pan American World Airways yesterday. Mrs. Mansfield will join her hus- band in the Peruvian capital the following day, flying the same route from Washington. The senator, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Commit- tee, was professor of Latin Ameri- the war than other foods and con- figures were “provisional estimat- es” and would be revised next sum- mer when additional data would become available. Compared to the other outlying areas of the United States-Hawaii and Alaska-Puerto Rico’s popula- tion increase was relatively smaller. Since 1950 Hawaii’s population in- creased 10.2 percent and Alaska’s 48.2. Puerto Rico’s population increase in the past six years was also less than continental United States, the report said. As of July 1, 1956, the U.S. population was 168.091.000 including the military serving over- seas. The report stated that from April 1, 1950 to this summer, there had been an increase of 16.493.000 or 10.9 percent, in the continen- tal United States. AMAZON JUTE INDUSTRY HAS GOOD PROSPECTS WASHINGTON. (UP) — The Suez Canal shurtdown, if long con- tinued, will be an additional in- centive to the rapidly growing pro- duction of jute int he Amazon Va- lley experts here belive. Jute and burlap (a preessed form. of jute) normally come to western Hemisphere markets from India ean and Far Eastern history at Montana University for ten years. Cape of Good Hope. Two shiploads destined for the United States, are reported to have been loaded in India for shipment on the longer route. Trade experts said that the Suez situation has firmed the United States market for jute products, but not yet caused extraordinary price rises, The New York price of burlap in July when Canal trouble started was 9.8 cents per yard, and at mid-November was 11.3 cents. The uncertain ramifications of the abnormal world transportation situation stirred new interested in Western Hemisphere sources of raw materials, and reminded the textilet raders of the rapidly ex- panding production and processing of jute in Brazil. Japanese settlers in the Amazon Valley started jute culture before the second World War, and devel- oped certain varieties especially suited to the area. Culture waned during the war, but ‘was subsequen- tly renewed on much larger scale. ROMANIAN MINISTER OUT OF ARGENTINA _ BUENOS AIRES —(UP)—’ An- ton Moisescu, Minister from Com- munist Romania flew back to his and Pakistan via the uez route, 1956 were not available in today’s report, The Bureau said today’s but now must take the longer, slow- er, and costlier route around the country closing one of the most violent incidents in Argentine dip- lomatic history, Member Inter American Press Association For Liberty, Culture and Hemispherie Solidarity NUMBER 116 Foreign Minister Boyd to Seek Cl arification of U.S.A.-Panamé Treaty WASHINGTON, Nov. 27—(UP) Panamanian Foreign Minister Aqui lino Boyd will seek clarification of the revised treaty with the United States during a brief visit here, scheduled to start tonight diploma- tic sources disclosed today. Boyd will be honored at a spe- cial session of the Council of the Organization of American States (OAS) tomorrow. He is expected to discuss the treaty with high United States officials. The State Department was known to be planning a meeting between Boyd and Acting Secre- tary of State Herbert Hoover, Ju- nior. Acting Assistant Secretary Roy R. Rubottom is certain to con- fer with Boyd while the Foreign Minister is here. Although the Panamanian Min- ister’s visit is to be primarily cere- monial, officials here view it as an opportunity for clarifying the ques- tion’ of wages for Panamanian workers in the Canal Zone. The Panamanian Government has contended that the treaty com- pels the United States to raise wa- ges when commissary privileges for Panamanian workers end De- cember 31, United States authori- ties on the other hand, argue that increases such as the 5 cent raise to go into effect December 30 are voluntary and up to the decision of the Army authorities operating the Canal. Zone. It is expected that Boyd will inquire into the status of legisla- tion needed to implement portions of the treaty and memorandum of understandings, which was signed simultaneously with the Treaty. Provisions for establishing a sin- gle wage scale for United States and Panamanian workers are among portions that the Congress must implement. Campaign For U. S. Investments And Industry NEW YORK, Nov. 27—(UP)— The Republic of Panama is backing up an aggressive campaign for United States investment and in- dustry with long-term tax and duty | exemptions and facilities to utilize the country’s favored geographical position for marketing and distri- bution purposes. Major features of the campaign were outlined by Aquilino Boyd, the country’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, before a group of news- paper and magazine editors and in- dustrialists attending the National Foreign Trade Convention here. Boyd spoke in behalf of Presi- dente Ernesto de la Guardia, Jr., whose wide business experience in- cludes close personal contacts with leading investors in the United States. Foreign Minister Boyd pointed out that already, under new Panam anian law, United States manufac- turers who set up plants within the Republic will be exempted from Taxes and duties up to 25 years, The duty exemption applies to all machinery and equipment neces- sary for the operation of the plants. The tax advantages cover all in- come from export sales of locally manufactured products. “An outstanding advantage for United States investors in Pana- ma,” minister Boyd emphasized, “is that under the Constitution of Pa- namé, citizens of the United States are given equal standing with Pan- amanians in the organization and conduct of business. Nationalization of foreign enter- prise is not a logical possibility in view of Panamé’s international re- lations and recognized efforts to attract foreign investments. Panama’s possibilities as a tax haven are increased by the fact that a United States concern in- corporated in Panama, but operat- ing outside both Panama and the United States, can accumulate earnings free of taxation by either the United States or Panama, Boyd said. “The Republic of Panama offers the most liberal corporation laws to be found anywhere in the world,” the Foreign Minister said. Latin American News in Brief The Argentine government de- clared Moisescu Persona-Non-Grata —unwelcome — because of the vir- tual kidnaping and detention of the Argentine-born son of Roman- ian Legation chauffer Georgi Co- man when coman refused to return to Communist Romania Legation chauffer Georgi Coman when Co- man refused to return to Com- munist Romania and sought asy- lum for himself and family here last week. Coman’s nine-month-old son Lu- ciano was returned to his parents after the Argentine Foreign Minis- try demanded that Moisescu give up the child. Moisescu was seen off the inter- national Ezeiza airport by Russian Ambassador Grigory Rezanov and other diplomatic representatives from iron curtain countries. SALARIES DOUBLED SANTIAGO, Chile —(UP)—The Chamber of Deputies passed a bill which would double the wages and salaries of workers in private en- terprises as of next Jan. 1. A government proposal to raise such pay by 25 per cent was throun out. Because rightists parties con- trol the Senate, it was doubted that the Chamber’s bill would pass in the upper house, * “But more and more now,” he added. “North American manufac- turers especially are finding even greater advantages in establishing physical operations in Panama, by using this Isthmus at the crossroads of the world as a distribution or as- sembly center for Latin American sales, manufacturers can maintain closer control of sales activities as < well as making faster deliveries in this hemisphere.” In this connection, Boyd pointed to the operations of the Free Zone in the City of Colén, which has expanded enormously since it was set up in 1948. It serves manufac- turers in the United States who ship goods to the free zone for re-export of Central and South America. The Foreign Minister cited two other practical advantages for United States manufacturers eye- ing Panam for investment pur- poses. One is that the country has no foreign exchange restrictions, all business in. the country can either be conducted in the Balboa (which has always been on a par with the U.S. dollar) or in U.S. currency. First class banking facilities are available through the Government’s own Banco Nacional and throught the local branches of the First National City Bank of New York and the Chase Manhattan Bank. Plane Crashes in Venezuela: 35 Are Killed CARACAS, Venezuela —(UP)— A Venezuelan four-engine Conste\ lation airliner en route from New York to Caracas crashed into a mountain 10 miles from a’ safe landing here today. Airline offi- cials said all 25 persons on board were killed. The plane left New York’s Idle- wild International Airport at 10:10 P. M. EST last night. It was due at the Caracas Maiquetia Internation- al Airport at 5:30 A. M. EST. But it hit a mountainpeak in the Naiguata Range, 10 miles north of Caracas, as it came in for a landing in rain and a thick overcast. Airline officials in. New York said the Constellation carried 18 Passengeres and seven crewmen. The passengers included 10 Ameri- cans, six Venezuelans, a German and a Cuban. It was raining and there was low overcast at Caracas about the time the plane was due. But officials said the weather was not consider- ed “dangerous” for flying opera- tions. The official list of the occupants of the plane, as given by LAV here, is as follows: Crew: José Vicente Martinez, Captain; Marcel Comalbert, French citizen, Co-Pilot; Ildemaro Gonzé- lez, Francisco Pérez Rodriguez, Li- ly Slessers and Fabio Bianchi. Passengers: Eladio Veldsques, Robert Bernard, Fouad El Esraqui, Carlos Franco, Juana Hernandez, ~ Maria Rios, John Zlock, Enrique Cubas, Hildegard Fabra, Edward Gulbekian, Ben Regan, and Evans Thomas. (The New York office of LAV gave as additional passengers: Charles Peete, Nettie Celestine Pe ete, Deborah Peete, Penney Peet and Karn. Peete, the last two in fants; Helen Strom, Héctor Manuel Rodriguez Silva and Laotse Agus tin Quegado Lacay.)