Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 11, 1954, Page 8

EE EA EAA LT CI: ‘ Inter-American News for English- Speaking people The A Daily For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI, FLA., TUESDAY, MAY 11, 1954, For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity "NUM THE AMERICAS DAILY Published by THE AMERICAS TrUBLISHING COMPANY G. A. SAN ROMAN Ss. SMITH President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Editor and Manager FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Carlos E. Simons Managing Editor William H. Scharrer Ralph B. Ross Head of Circulation Dept. Head of Advertising Dept. EDITORIAL ‘ THE ECONOMIC FUTURE OF LATIN LT AMERICA DEPENDS ON THE EXPORT- (a ET nt SE ALENT IMPORT BANK In Sunday’s issue of this paper we published the full length version of a speech recently delivered before the Export Managers’ Club in New York by Lynn U. Stambaugh, assistant manager of the; Export-Import Bank. We did this so our readers; could see that there is quite a good deal of cross purposes at work in American foreign policy as far as it concerns the other Americas. As we see it, the problem can be boiled down to the following considerations: Whenever Export-Import Bank funds have been used in the Latin ‘American area, this has meant a profitable operation—not only for the bank itself but also for the American businessman who stands to gain because bank regulations require that Amer- ican-made products must be utilized as far as feas- ible in such projects. The bank still has a reserve of one and one- half billion dollars that haven’t been touched, while _500 million dollars remain to be distributed in con- ‘ nection with now pending loans, and 440 millions will be collected by the bank in 1954 for reinvestment. Secretary of State Dulles told’the inter-Amer- _ican conference at Caracas recently that the Export- “ Jmport Bank was going to expand its lending ser- vices in the Latin American area. Last fall a Senate subcommittee on banking and currency urged an expansion of bank lending following an extensive tour by the committee of the Latin American nat- ions. Meanwhile however, nothing positive has been done to modify the situation, and the operations of the bank have been maintained practically the same as before. It seems to us that every day that goes by with- out reformulation of Export-Import Bank policy means serious losses to the domestic economy of the United States in that new foreign markets are being allowed to go untouched. The Latin American countries suffer likewise from this situation. By publishing the words of Mr. Stambaugh and by making these editorial comments we feel that we are doing our part in pointing out the various aspects of a problem which may have serious repercussions on the future of the Americas. The enormous production facilities grave need of new markets. If allowed to develop jn accordance with its potential resources, Latin America can supply those markets. The problem won’t be solved through keeping dollars locked up in the safes of the Export-Import Bank nor through depriving American productivity of the right to expand its markets abroad. Men of good will in this hemisphere want only one thing— that is, a steady outward flow of bank funds—not in the form of gifts but rather in that of productive Joans which will have mutual benefits for both the U. S. and the nations of Latin America. — BEGINNERS’ SPANISH BY G. B. Palacin Professor of the University of Miami, Fla. Vocabulary (Vocabulario) “ An adjective is a word that states a quality or condition of the noun or pronoun with which it is used (red, god, etc.), or that limits the meaning of the noun without stating a quality (this, five, etc.) The Spanish adjective agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies: la casa blanca the white house los gatos blancos the white cats Adjectives form the plural as the nouns, that is, they follow the game rules as nouns for the formation of the plural. Adjectives ending in -o, change the -a in the feminine: rojo, roja red negro, negra black Adjectives ending in other vowel that -o, or in a consonant, are invariable: verde green facil easy There are many exceptions: adjectives of nationality (espafol, espanola; inglés, inglesa, etc.), and some other adjectives (hablador, 4 babladora, talkative; holgazan, holgazana, lazy, etc.) ’ ADJECTIVES WITH THE VERB SER OR ESTAR Some adjectives differ according to the verb (ser or estar) with which they are used, Ex.: with ser: Bueno good, kind with estar: ‘ well (health), good (taste) malo bad (wicked) ill alegre gay (by nature) gay, merry nuevo new (newly made) new (unused) verde green (color) unripe Esta fruta esta verde. Un lapiz verde. Este libro es nuevo. Este libro esta nuevo. El nifio es alegre. El nifo esta alegre. of the United States stand in} Acting KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ MEXICO.— Situated in the heart of the State of Guerrero is Taxco, a source of unending interest to historians artists, phographers and writers. Here lingers the charm of the 16th. and 17th centuries, unchanged by the march of time. As the highway sweeps along the side of high cliffs and deep ravines, it passes under an ancient aqued- uct. Below, in a gully, is what re- mains of an old hacienda. High | above, on the slope of a hill are the shaft and mill of a mining com- pany, Topping the. ridge stands a modern hotel and, off in the distance, is a little chapel on a knoll, silhouetted against the sky, reflecting the rays of the sun —a symbol of Christianity’s conquest. As the highway takes a sharp turn, a breathtaking panorama of Taxco comes into view. A cobblestone road leads precariously up a steep incline into the center of the pic- jturesque town. The traditional plaza is flanked on one side by the Parish church, the famous Santa Prisca, with its magnificent facade and beautiful towers. From the pla- za branch numerous narrow stre- ets and lanes, the principal one lined on botk siaes by silver shops and stores displaying all kinds of regional handicrafts, leather goods, shoes and sandals. The Santa Pris- ca churck dominates the town. Bu- ilt by a French miner, José de la Borda, as a lasting testimony of his gratitude to God for the we- alth he obtained from the mine once located on that site —the church is one of the finest exam- ples of Churriqueresque architec- ture in the world. Within its in- terior are beautiful paintings by Cabrera and other noted artists. The main altar is overpowering in its sheer magnificence. Memories of the fabulous French miner are sprinkled throughout Taxco, The ‘asa Borda”, on the northeast side of the plaza was built by Don José as a home, and for adminis- trative offices. On the west side | i } | led by him to the town. However, ‘the church of Santa Prisca is the greatest monument that recalls the man who expressed his deep- felt appreciation by saying: “Bor- da returns to God what God has given Borda”. | EVERYWHERE throughout the entrancing spots. Some of the {homes have been converted into | veritable museums, housing art ob- jects, old paintings of inestimable value, tile work, 17th century drap- eries and furniture, as well as arts and crafts of that and earlier peri- | ods. Situated at vantage points ; overlooking the town proper, as are modern hotels, all in keeping with the centuries old aspect of the town. Previous to the open- ing of the paved highway to Acap- | uleo, which encircles the town, Tax- co had been almost inaccessible ex- cept by horseback or muleback. The Mexican government, recog- nizing the importance of protect- ing Taxco’s 17th century beauty; decreed the city a national monu- ment and forbade any changes. No new structures have been per- mitted, and any additions to hotels must be in strict keeping with early architectural style. Streets stones laid down by the town foun- ders, and bridges are the same as those built by the first Spaniards who arrived here. For the artist and writer, as well as for the tour- ist, in search of fun and relaxation, Taxco is a paradise. It is hard to find another place quite as r mantic and beautiful as Taxco. Warm days and cool nights the year round permit uninterrupt- ed sightseeing, sketching, photog- place is as perfect for utter relaxa- tion. Spanish Version Pag. 3 MEXICO TO BUILD NEW AIRPORTS MEXICO CITY —(UP)— The Mexican government announced that construction would start soon on a new airport at Matamoros, Villa Hermosa, Chihuahua, Tuxla Gutiérrez, Oaxaca and Mexicali. AMERICAN RED CROSS FETE COLOMBIAN KIDS BOGOTA —(UP)— Ten_thou- sand presents from the Junior American’ Red Cross were distri- } buted to Colombian children in ob- servance of Red Cross Day here. Paraguayan Presid ELECTIONS TO BE HELD JULY 7 0 | | | General Stroessner is rumored as possible presidential candidate Gees The country has returned to normalcy 0. the support of the Colorado party as its candidate in elec- tions that must be held within ASUNCION —(UP)— Shortly after taking the oath of office be. | fore the national assembly, provi-| sional President Tomas 60 days in accordance with the Pereira told the United P: | country’s constitution.) |Paraguay had completely return- | Romero Pereira chose ed to normal. Howing for his cabinet In a speech addressed to the as- | Gustavo Storm; the fol- Interior, sembly, Romero Pereira had words | Hipolito Sanchez Quell; Treas’ of praise for the revolutionary |Carlos Velila; Education, movement which overthrew fo! Martinez; Industry and Commerce Cesar B: Public Ary minio Mori- }mer President Federico Chaves, | Colonel saying that a junta composed of | Health, military men and civilians had as-| Defense, General He sumed power as svon as the situa-|nigo; Public Works, General tion had been put under control. | cial Samaniego and Labor _A diplomat from a South Ame- | de Sil rican country who asked the Unit-| The civilian members of the ca- ed -Press not to disclose his name | binet are all prominent Colorado that the Romero Pereira govern-| party leaders. The foreign minis- ment wouldn't have to be formal-| ter, Sanchez Quell, is a well known ly recognizea, as in the case of a|expert in international affaris and de facto government, because the|a writer of note, and at present régime had been imposed consti-|he represents Paraguay in the tutionally by the national as-| United Nations. sembly. | The new president, Romero Pe- According to the constitution, |Teira, is a veteran leader of the elections must be held by July | Colorado party, with a long and 7 at the latest in order to select | distinguished public career. He has a president who will have a five- | Served as minister of the interior year term of office. The consti- | 294 minister of public works, di- tution says in effect that with. |rector of the Central Bank ‘and in 60 days of the formation of a |tWice as president of the Colora- provisional government, elec. | 4°, party. tions mut be held. After completing his education The ruling junta has summoned |@t the Argentine military acade- the Colorado party —the only le-|™Y, he graduated in 1906 as a gal party in Paraguay— to meet Second lieutenant, later serving in and select its candidate for the the Paraguayan army in several rientos; of the plaza is the fountain donat- | town are winding, narrow streets, | | quaint nooks, colonial houses and | well as the centrally located places, , and lanes still have the cobble | raphy, painting and writing, all) in the open and under sunny | skies and starlit heavens. No other | elections. Local papers gave a lot of at- tention to a meeting held by the national assembly so as to hear members of the provisional go- vernment take the oath of office. ASUNCION —(UP)— (delay ed)— The national assembly h appointed Tomas Romero Pere provisional president of Parag in replacement of Federico C ves, who was allowed to resign. (Meanwhile, Sunday reports from Asuncion said that Gene- ral Stroessner, comander-in- chief of the army, would receive jimportant posts. After giving up his army carrer, Romero Pereira returned to Buenos Aires where he entered a university and re- ceived a degree in architecture, later going on to Europe for spe- ialized courses. The Chaco war broke out while |Romero was serving as president of the Colorado party, and he sub- sequently enlisted in the army where serving as president of the Colorado party, and he subsequent- ly enlisted in the army where he | rendered yeoman service, one of his posts being that of chief of military intelligence in the field Turned ‘Brazil to Have Two Steel Mills NEW YORK.—(UP)— In a rel- | atively short while Brazil will |have two new steel mills with a }combined productive capacity of 1,350.000 tons of steel a year-steel | which for the most part will be | exported to the other Latin Ameri- jean countries, according to the *; American Metal Market magazine. .|over plans for the creation of a steel plant with a yearly produc- tive capacity of 900,000 tons in the city of Victoria. Another plant having a yearly productive capacity of 450,000 tons is to be,constructed in Santa Ca- tarina state. Approximately 1,400,000 tons of steel are to be produced in Brazil year, mainly from that coun- Volta Redonda mills, the mag- azine said. If plans now under discussion materialize, Brazil by 1956 and 6,000,000 tons 1960. The steel plants now under con- sideration are to be partly private and partly government-owned. A billion-cruzeiro amount of capital would be subscribed by the feder- al government, the governments ‘of the states of Espirito Santo and Santa Catarina, the Nation-| | al Steel Co. (which owns the Volta | Redonda plant), the Rio Doce Val- | ley Company in Vitoria and private | \interests. With the aid of an ad-| ditional two million cruzeiro loan, | | still not negotiated, the new plants would be able to assemble the nec- | eiros for their by TWO BANKS WILL START OPERATING IN BOGOTA | ‘Six-Year Program | WASHINGTON, (UP)—The in- ternational Road Federation (IRF) in a bulletin issued here gave an historical account of the evolution of the Uruguayan highway system, {and reviewed current projects of the Uruguayan government for its improvement. The bulletin indi- cates a future improvement in communications between Monte- video and Buenos Aires. The IRF embraces national high- way organizations of 48 countries, including the Asociacion Uruguaya de Caminos, and its bulletin is grams which are of unusual mag- nitude or of international signi- | ficance. The bulletin said that the Aso- ciacion Uruguaya de Caminos has offered a fellowship in graduate highway engineering studies at a United Statcs university in colla- poration with the IRF, to start | September 1954. “The association is giving full support to the minister of public works (of Uruguay) for paving and improving the Uruguayan highway network,” the bulletin said. The IRF bulletin said that Uru- guay is planning a six-year public works program contemplating ex- penditure of 150,000,000 pesos, of which 113,225,006 will be spent for highway improvements.: The Uruguayan six-year pro- gram has been approved by the Uruguayan government _ national council, and according to the bul- letin is now being considered by the general assembly. The public works plan is to be carried out with an annual expen- diture of 25,000,000 pesos, accord- ing to the physical and financial potential of the country. “Another law has been passed, meantime, for reconstruction of the 177-kilometer Montevideo-Co- lonia highway, main traffic artery between Montevideo and Buenos Aires which lies across the Plata River from Colonia,” the bulletin ' stated. “The highway, which has a con- usually devoted to national pro- | for Improvement of Uruguayan Highways is Planned hei sated | 113,225,000 pesos to be ——____0. spent in highway project crete surface, has suffered con- siderable damage with more than 80 kilometers in various stages of disintegration from the lack of maintenance and slab depressions due to pumping. “It is proposed to pay for the repairs to the Montevideo-Colonia road by the collection of tolls on {the 600-meter Rio Santo Lucia bridge which is located on this route. This would be the first toll facility to operate in Uruguay. It is planned to charge approximate- ly one peso for passenger automo- biles and higher rates for trucks and heavy vehicles according to capacity.” The bulletin said that the Uru- guayan highway department has awarded contracts for construc- tion of a six-million peso combina- tion rail and highway bridge over the negro river in Mercedes pro- vince, to have a length of 400 me- ters with nine spans of 41 meters each. Contracts have been awarded to a French and two Uruguayan construction firms. The IRF bulletin also described the Uruguayan permanent _high- way fund, the Internal Organiza- tion of the National Highway Di- rectory, and the Uruguayan Roads Association, of which Dr. Alfredo O. Inciarte is president. Reviewing historically the eyo- lution of the Uruguayan transport- ation system from the railway to automotive period, the _ bulletin said that the highways are claim- ing larger share of the freight, business. - “Wool, one of the large freight items, turned from the railroads to highwasys exclusively,” it said. Door-to-door service of highway transportation was an important factor in this evolution. “The development of a highway system in Uruguay has contributed to highways exclusively”, it said. nomic transportation throughout the country. The railroads, follow- ing adjustment of rates and im- provement of service, have pros- | pered along with highway transpor- ‘ tation.” * BOGOTA (UP) The Peo- pl’s Mortgage Bank and the Cof- fee Bank will start operating on June 12. The opening ceremonies will be attended by President Ro- jas Pinilla and cabinet members. The People’s Mortgage Bank is a branch of the People’s Bank of Bogota which also has branches | in Ecuador and Bolivia. It grants loans to workers and white collar personnel. The Coffee Bank was created by government decree and is designed to help small coffee growers. The former will ope a 2 and one half million dol! capital while the latter has | creased its capital to 70 mi dollars with income from a that is being levied on all coffe exports in Colombia. | rate with | lar in- lion tax . | It has been recently asc years and that this will be a fact the latest. At least two minent specialists this prediction, an Brazil specifically, which presently depend higher than current prices dustries will be the economy, to build atomic be one of those countries, becaus obliged to import mos at exorbitant prices. Henry D. Smyt! sion member who is we ious projects for pe ization in the U. S., feels that begin to be purposes wit! former chairman 0: ly voiced the same opinion. In his book entitled “Report Dean says that “it is possible tha! in atomic matt d although they they hinted for ru e 11 acquainte hin 10 or 15 years. Go generati: pete wit Severa’ speec! electricity genera’ ing as follows: a prev struction of several large capacity Labor Strike In Honduras Being Into a Po could produce | a total of 2,500,000 tons of steel | ATOMIC PR countries such as Brazil will be able to ic energy economically within the next 10 t of the United States’ most pro- don coal and petroleum at first, for obvious reasons of installations. Brazil would t of its coal and oil supplies h, an Atomic Energy Commis- ace time atomic energy util- atomic energy will used on a large scale for f the commission, had previous- will be able t@ construct atomic ins| ng electrical energy will be able to com- h those which use oil or coal as a fuel.” 1 days back Smyth made a Chicago h in which he disclosed the probable cost of ted with atomic fuels, comment- “The costs which I have broached presuppose ious program which would include the con- lation by 1964 at the latest and which would per- mit the creation of electricity generating plants featured by an economic performance. I believe it possible that one of these plants may start operat- ing by 1963 and another by 1966.” ent Sworn litical Threat Leftist elements being crossing the border from Guatemala to stir-up trouble in striking areas O—~ -—— NEW YORK —(UP) York Herald Tribune editorial section of its Sunday edi tion that “the current general strike in Henduras has political overtones that may quite well turn out to be very serious.” “Starting out as a wage dispute between the United Fruit Compa ny and its port workers in Atlan- tic coast port towns, “the editorial The New id in the eall up its armed forces in or- der to cope with this threat to its author The situation has i d by the possible intervention of leftist elements from ross the border in Gua- ter ala. “This outbreak among the ranks of Honduran labor undo: ly has some connection with coming ‘ential Brasifanetrade Bureau in| article wention to,say,, “the :pro-|sall elections in that country, he New Pane themacanne seid? has blem took on a new color when | Nationalist party, which has do- reported that General Ebere de |General Inestroza, a minister in minated the nation’s political life Matos, a prominent Brazilian speci- | the Honduran government, step for the twenty years; has Matos, a prominent Brazilian speci i ped in. At his suggestion both |been seriously weakened by the = sides made several concessions | defection of its faction that is is favor of reforms and the Liberal party, now that the opposition is divided, has before it the best chance it has had of winning in a long time. The presidential can- the Liberals at this Villeda Mo- rales who is generally considered while a proper interpretation was being sought for a 1949 labor law, and Inestroza made it clear that any renewal of the strike in the meanwhile would be considered as a strike against the government didate for Now that the strike has re- critical moment is Dr. commenced and has, in t, spread beyond the original areas affected by it, the Honduran go- vernment has seen nec ry PROMINENT BRAZILIAN FINANCIER: [ARRIVES ON ECONOMIC MISSION ——_——-0. to be in sympathy with the policies of the present Guatemalan govern- | ment. Marco Souza Dantas, president of the Bank of Brazil will not seek time extension for loan grant , —_———_-0____. taken by Brazil's government.“have solved all our prot. ligher coffee prices have helped mst solution. I shall try to improve ana expand trade between our two co- NEW YORK. —(UP)— Marco Souza Dantas, president of the Bank of Brazil who has just arriv- ed in the United States by plane, said that he didn’t intend to re quest a time extension for repay- untries. I shall try to find the ment of a 500-million-dollar loan | best solution for our mutual prob- granted to Brazi! last year by the lems.” Export-Import Bank Souza Dantas left Idlewild Air- Souza Dantas denied that he had port for the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel made his trip for the purpose of where he was to stay until Sun- day when he would leave for Wa- requesting a new loan from the shington by train Export-Import Bank or from the World Bank for Reconstruction and Development. “J haven't come to ask anything’, the president of the Bank of Brazil asserted “I have come to repay visits made to Brazil by some of our friends in the U.S.” Further on he.said t his trip had been made “for an exchange of opinions.” Souza Dantas added: “My visit will embrace more than just gathering information, although I do expect to pick up some in formation while I am here.” The Brazilian also denied that he had come because of an alleg ed scarcity of dollar exchange in his country “We no longer have a dollar shortage in Brazil,” So uza Dantas stated. “We pay cash for all our imports. We buy only as much as we sell.” The bank official said that steps OSPECTS FOR BRAZIL by Carroll Ki Souza Dantas said that Monday he would re a visit made to Brazil recently by Eugene Black, president of the World Bank, and that Thursday he would confer with Treasury Secretary George Humphrey The Brazilian bank official said that as soon as he returned to New York from Washington, he would offer a luncheon to which would be invited various ¢ - ponderits of the Bank of Brazil in the U.S. Among people awaiting the ar- rival of Souza Dantas at Idlewild were Hugo Fauthier, alternate del- egate for Brazil on the United Na- tions; S zao, first secretary to the U.N. delegation ané G.P. B r Cesar, Brazili- an consul general in New York. ‘enworthy Smyth estimated that the electricity might be 7/10 of a cen 1963. At present the cost of electricity in the U. S. varies between 4 to 7 cents per kilowatt, although the cost in other countries Is higher, for which reason other world nations may decide to forge ahead of the U. S. in the construction of nuclear energy installations. “In many countries,” Dean wrote, “electricity cost a whole lot more, for which reason our neigh- bors would benefit from the construction of such installations before we in the U. S. could reduce the cost of atomically generated electricity to a level capable of competing with that from plants run by oil or coal, fuels which are rather cheap in this country.” In another part of his address Smyth said that “according to surveys not only of the Atomi¢e Energy Commission but also from electrical en- gineers, it may be said that a cost varying between 5 and 10 cents a/kilowatt will not be an impos- sibility at the beginning.” Smyth also pointed out that the difficulties of generating atomic electricity are not as great as generally believed, since “nucleo-electrical in- stallations differ only in that they will employ a nuclear reactor for feeding the boilers; although the steam turbines, just as the dynamos, would be the same.” In his book Gordon Dean mentions Brazil as one of the countries which some day will derive positive benefits from the construction of nucleo- electrical installations. “Let's stop to think for a minute,” Dean says, “as to what a country’s economy might be when it succeeds in becoming independent from the need of importing large supplies of fuels at exorbi- tant prices, cost of “atomic” utilize atom- t per kilowatt by o 15 before 1975 at ers have made didn’t refer to that countries nning their in- it is presently d-with the var- industrial rdon Dean, the on the Atom”, t by 1964 man tallations for nuclear instal-