Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 8, 1954, Page 8

er er TLE TD for English- Inter-American News Speaking people She f For a better understanding between the Americas For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity MIAMI, FLA., SAT URDAY, MAY 8, 1954. “NUMBER 256 ST THE AMERICAS DAILY Published by THE AMERICAS rUBLISHING COMPANY S. SMITH G, A. SAN ROMAN Vice President President HORACIO AGUIRRE Editor and Manager FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher. Carlos E. Simons Managing Editor William H. Scharrer Head of Circulation Dept. Ralph B. Ross Head of Advertising Dept. EDITORIAL LATIN AMERICA’S PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY MUST BE STRENGTHENED ' The United States would find it to its advantage for many socio-political reasons to have an econ- omically stronger Latin America at its side, for this « would undoubtedly dissipate the possibility of recur- rent economic crises which provide Communist demagogues with the.chance to spread confusion and anarchy. If the United States were to extend its wholeh- earted cooperation so that Latin America might achieve economic well-being, it would simultane- ously win a double objective—the elimination of the potential Communist threat and a more robust sense of inter-American solidarity in the minds of Latin Americans. Politically and militarily, the United States should consider the possibility of such a double accomplishement as one of prime signif- dcance. The type of solidarity which is predicated on sound conviction in the minds of the Latin American ,Peoples is a much more effective one than that type which is based on formal treaties that are concluded by the foreign offices of the Americas through their respective diplomatic agents. — Furthermore, the United States stands to profit likewise from an economic viewpoint if the economic capacity of Latin America is expanded, for wich strong and expanding purchasing power in the hands of Latin America, the United States—which is the hemisphere’s foremost source of manufactured goods and other products—would be enabled to dev- elop its Latin American trade to new, record heights. To accomplish this purpose, the U. S. will have to} afford more equitable terms to garner the Latin American market from increasing competition. Despite growing commercial contacts between the Latin American area and the Soviet Union and! its satellite countries, however, the volume of trade now passing between the United States and Latin America is positively immense, and there is every ‘indication that this trade volume can be swelled even more with many mutual advantages to be derived. If the Latin nations are to achieve a sound, permanent foundation for their economic struccure, then hemispheric leaders—including those from the United States—must rededicate themselves to seek- ing out satisfactory ways for settling Latin Amer- ica’s pressing economic problems. BEGINNERS’ SPANISH BY G. B. Palacin Professor of the University of Miami, Fla. Vocabulary (Vocabulario) SOME EXPRESSIONS WITH THE VERB TENER The verb tener means to have, but followed by a noun it is often equivalent to the English to be with an adjective. Ex.: ~Cuantos afios tiene usted? or ,Qué edad tiene usted? — How old are you? Tengo treinta anos — I am thirty years old calor — warm frio — cold tengo — I am hambre — hungry sed — thirsty suemo — sleepy The English very is often translated by mucho (-a) in such ex- pressions tengo mucho calor — I am very warm tengo mucho gusto en conocerle — I am very glad to meet you SEASONS (Las estaciones del aio) (la) primavera — spring f (el) verano — summer he (el) otome — autumn (el) invierno — winter \ Lid EEXBROIGE 0) se) SE an eno Rae 1—En el invierno tenemos mucho frio. 3—En la primavera el clima es muy 4—El nifo tiene sueho. 5—jQué edad tiene este nifio? 7— ;Tiene hambre el muchacho? 10—Nosotros no tene- ° Translate into English: 2—En el verano tengo calor. agradable: 6—Maria tiene veinticinco anos. 8— Tiene usted sed? mos sed, 9—Yo tengo hambre. JUNTA RULES PARA | RULING COUNCIL IS HEADED BY | Venezuelan Envoy to the OAS Named WASHINGTON -(S.S.)- The Venezuelan government has an- nounced the appointment of Dr. Tito Gutierrez Alfaro as Vene- zuelan representative to the OAS with the rank of ambassa- dos. Dr. Gutierrez Alfaro is pre- sently Venezuelan ambassador in Lima. The announcement also said that Mr. Juan Lopez de Ceballos has been appointed first secre- tary to the Venezuelan delega- tion in the OAS. Dr. Martin Aya- la Aguerrevere, who has been in Washington for some time, will remain as advisor to the Venezuelan delegation. NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ BRAZIL.— The Amazon region of northern Brazil is a sparsely settled, tropical valley forming the basin of the great Amazon River. Its name was given to it by Fran- cisco de Orellana, the Spanish ex- plorer who, in 1541, first travers- ed its length from the eastern foothills of the Andes to the Atlan- tic. He named it Rio Amazonas, in honor of a tribe of white women ie claimed he had discovered there. Rising in the Andes, the Amazon flows eastward through dense equa- torial forests to the Atlantic Oce- an. In its mouth is Marajo Island, 100 miles long from north to south and 180 miles wide from east to west. This immense waterway, tra- versing almost 4,000 miles from source to mouth, is the second longest river in the world, exceeded only by the Nile, while for sheer size there is nothing similar in the world, and that is the reason why it is frequently called The Frsh Water Sea. With a width of more |than 170 miles at its mouth, and one mile at Tabatinga, 2,000 miles from the Atlantic, the river pours volume that it turns the salt water {of the Atlantic fresh for about 200 miles. Navigable for ocean- | going vessels for more than 2,300 miles, the greater part of the Am- azon is in Brazil, where it is fed from the North principally by the Ica, Japura and Negro Rivers, and from the south by the Jarua, Pu- rus, Madeira, Tapajés and Xingu, each of these tributaries a thou- |sand or more miles in length. At \Jeast in their lower reaches, about | half of the Amazon’s 200 tributari- les are open to traffic. The area drained by the Amazon and its tributaries includes the whole nor- thern region of the country and | extends over half the length of Brazil in the central and western sections. * * AMAZONIAN Brazil includes the hao, the upper halfs of Matto Grosso and Goias, and the feder- al territories of Acre, Amapa, Rio Branco and Guaporé, The major portion of this area, with the excep- tion of the highland plains of south and southeastern Matto Grosso and Goias, is no more a few hundred feet above sea level, and the clim- ate is uniformly damp and _ hot. Rainfall averages 79 inches per year, while the average temperat- ure is, 79 degrees F. Because of the tropical climate and rich, al- luvial soil, the basin is covered with luxuriant, virgin forests, or selvas, abounding in innumerable varieties of forest products. About one fourth, or 50,000 of all the world’s known vegetable species, are found in Brazil. Amazonian Brazil’s great wealth consists of rubber, Brazil nuts, oilseeds and timber. Spanish Version Pag. 3 EARS eestor tebe NOTICE All enquiries regarding adv- ertising space and subscript- ions to The Americas Daily- Diario las Americas originat- ing in Venezuela may be ad- dressed to our offices located in Caracas. Any requests for informat- ion, etc. should be sent to the following address: Diario Las Americas Hotel Tamanaco Departamento No. 253 Caracas. We are supplying the above information for:the benefit of our readers and advertisers in the Venezuelan area, itself into the sea in such terrific | | states of Amazonas, Para, Maran-| TOMAS ROM ERO PEREIRA O——$_$_____— |\Whereabouts of Pres. Chaves unknown) Heo Teg Official statement says th e Colorado Party remains in control of the country ace ASUNCION, Paraguay (UP)—| that order prevailed throughout A junta ruled Paraguay today | following the ouster of Presi- | | dent Federico Chaves by army | | cavalry forces. | There was no word on the fate’ of Chaves, president of Paraguay | since 1949. Neither was there any report on casualties during the revolt. | | The ruling council is headed by Tomas Romero Pereira, a civil | engineer and a member of the | Coloralo Party of which Chaves | was a leader. A statement issued Thursday by the junta said “the present political situation in the coun- try remains under the control of the Colorado Party.” It added UNITED NATIONS —(UP)— Either Cuba or Peru will be cho- sen to replace Colombia when the latter vacates its two-year tenure of a non-permanent post on the 31, The other Latin American country serving on the Security Council is Brazil. It came out that the two coun- tries were named as a_ possible | replacement for Peru in the most | recent of meetings held by the La- tin American sector of the Unit- ed Nations and that both of them | were striving to promote their | candidacies. | On another front the Domini- can Republic, Uruguay, Mexico and Colombia are likely successors to a position being vacated by Cu- ba on the world body’s Economic and Social Council. According to reports circulating among diplomats here, Argentina will seek re-election to a post which that country has already held for the last three years on the Economic and Social Council. Evidently the Argentine peti- tion will receive favorable consi- Cuba or Peru may Vacancy left by Colombia in the U. N. Both nations actively seeking for support pdpsosk-tne ey, eater Boas Security Council next December | the country. The uprising was sparked by the Ist Cavalry Division Wednes- day. The junta took over yester- day. A pledge of support was voiced in a nationwide broadcast by | Gen, Alfredo Stroener, comman- der in chief of the Paraguayan army. Dispatches received in Buenos Aires from the United Press of- fice in Asuncion said _ stores, theaters and other businesses | were reopening last night. Street car and bus services as well as railroas travel was reported re- turning to normal, be Chosen to fil ;daration, Argentina climaxed as lits first three yeas on the U. N. | specialized agency by becoming that group’s head. The two other Latin American nations that will remain on the Economie and Social Council are Ecuador and Venezuela. Informed sources say that the likely country to replace Cuba on |the economic and social agency, inasmuch as the former has ne- its candidacy is being favorably regarded. Moreover, it is felt that because of regional considera- |tions (its being in the Caribbean- Central American area), the Do- minican Republic would be the |cupying the post being vacated by | Cuba. According to trustworthy sour- | ces, there exists a sort of “gentle- man’s agreement” for respect of regional considerations when it comes to selecting the four coun- tries to represent Latin America on the Economic and Social Coun- cil. RIO DE JANEIRO —(UP)— | Treasury Minister Osvaldo Aran- ha stated definetely here that he would not resign from his post. Rumors had begun to circulate that Aranha would resign after publication had been made of a monthly minimum wage scale con- taining a top figure of 2,400 cru- zeiros following approval of the scale by President Vargas. Aran- ha had opposed an increase of the top figure recommended by Joao Goulart, ex-labor minister who was forced to resign under pres- sure almost two months ago af- ter publication of a manifesto signed by a group of army colo- nels. Aranha admitted defeat on the top wage issue, but suggested another provision for the wage scale which was accepted by the president. Workers who stand to benefit from the increase must have per- fect work attendance or else lose pay for their Sunday rest day — amounting to nearly 400 cruzeiros a month in this capital area. Brazilian icucs Minister Aranha ‘Denies Rumors of his Resignation Although defeated on salary issue, some of his suggestions were accepted by the government -O—_—_ minimum wage scale. On another front, large num- ers of traders have been flocking | to Rio in order to get rid of their goods at present prices, because they feel that there will be a cur- rency devaluation as a result of new currency issues made early in May to the extent of 500 mil- lion cruzeiros, raising the amount of money now in circulation to a little over 48 billion cruzeiros. The dollar, which three days ago was being quoted at 53 to 1, is now being quoted at 59 to 1. Secret anti - Red broadcasts driving Pres. Arbenz mad GUATEMALA CITY, (UP) — The underground radio station known as The Voice of Libera- tion is still operating in the evening and early morning hours, calling on workers, peas- President Vargas’ decree stipu- | lating the new wage scale was | first published without inclusion | of the Aranha clause, but the de- | cree will be published once again, | this time with the clause included. | Observers of local affairs feel that Aranha insisted while in confer- | ence with the president on reten- | tion of the so-called Aranha clause | as a condition for his retaining | the treasury minister post. Meanwhile, manufacturers are showing apprehension about the |new minimum wage scale which is to go into effect 60 days hence. Furthermore, reports have been | worry about probable rises in the ants, professional men and all other social classes “to arm and be ready to fight at a given mo- ment.” The station uses the motto “God, country and free- dom.” Authorities here have still not revealed whether they have or haven’t succeeded in locating the position of the station. DIPLOMAT STAYING ‘The Chilean ambassador to Fran- ce, Juan Bautista Rosetti, denied in Paris Santiago reports saying health, Dominican Republic is the most | ver sat on that body and because | |most appropriate country for oc- | MANAGUA, Nicaragua -(UP)- Nicaraguan President Anastasio Somoza disclosed here that nation al guard forces had uncovered a 'load of weapons stamped with the | Soviet hammer and sickle along the Pacific coast of Nicaragua. | Somoza showed the weapons to members of the diplomatic corps stationed in Managua and to Nicaraguan and foreign cor- respondents at the presidential mansion just three weeks after reports had been published that | an unidentified submarine had sighted off the Nicaraguan coast opposite the town of San Juan del Sur. It was reported later | that members of the national guard had subsequently succeed- ed in photographing the under- sea boat. The weapons shown by Presi- Welfare of Blind to be Discussed in Int'l Meeting ——_——_0——_ NEW YORK. —(UP)— Repre- sentatives from Western phere nations will meet in Sao-Pa- ulo, Brazil from June 11 to 17 in order to discuss long range plans for helping more than 400,000 | to their educational, vocational and legislative needs. would be the first inter-American the blind. | Boulter, who himself is blind, said that prominent educators and Jeye specialists from the twenty- | one American nations will attend the conclave. He added: “This will constitute the first effort on the part of the Latin American na- lems created by their many blind citizens.” Conference delegates will ende- avor to determine for the first time the exact number of id people in the Americas and their ages, occupations and economic status. “From now on,” Boulter said, “broad programs will be un- dertaken in the Americas to pre- vent and treat blindness, to educ- ate, rehabilitate and employ blind people and to teach the public power of sight.” Among delegates from the U.S. attending the convention will be Manuel Hernandez, Puerto Rico's director of vocational rehabilita- tion. Red Links of Chilean Government Denounced —— SANTIAGO. —(CHILE)— In a speech addressed to the Chilean chamber of deputies, Labor party representative Galvarino Rivera said that Communists had infiltrat- ed government agencies. Rivera later sent a copy of his charges to President Ibafez, saying that many goverment departments are under the control of Communist sympathizers. The Chilean congressman affirm- ed that Communist activities are on the increase and that the Com- munist party owns farm holdings scattered around the Chilean cap- ital area where party leaders hold their meetings. Rivera charged the Communists with plotting subver- sive activities. HEAD OF COOPERATIVES WILL VISIT THE U. S. (a eas BUENOS AIRES. —(UP)— Ce- lestino Sierra, president of the Association of Argentine Coopera- tives, will visit Chile, Mexico and the United States as well as sever- al European countries while on an eight-month tour that is to start Saturday. Sierra will establish coming in from all over the coun-|that Rosetti had resigned his dip- | contacts with representatives from try that people are starting to'lomatic post for reasons of ill other cooperatives in countries to |be visited by him, Hemis- blind people in Latin America as tions to relieve the painful prob- | |to have a more tolerant attitude | |toward those who have lost their | cost of living because of the new | dent Somoza —all of 1938 manu-| racture, according to the date stamped on them— included 4 pis. tols, 40 shotguns, 2 machineguns, 20 hand grenades and ammuni- tion. All of them were stamped with the hammer and the sickle | synbol | Eric T. Boulter, who is president | of the American Foundation for the Foreign Blind, said that this Military authorities have been keeping close watch along the country’s Pac coast for the past three wee Last Wednesday, guided by a buoy floating off the coast near a locality known as Venadillo, a guard patrol under took to search the area. The wea pons which Somoza showed his visitors were found by the patrol beneath a spot given over to a sort of hemp-like bushes that had been poorly arranged for planting Packages of cigarrettes and ci- garrette butts were also discover- ed by the patrol at the scene. Crew members from the myster- ious submarine had apparently | landed at the spot, which is locat- ed around 70 miles southwest of Managua. It was thought that the buoy had been left as a marker for a later return of for a future invasion. According to reports, the buoy stuck out of the water by al most 4 meters and was weighted down with a reinforced concrete base. President Somoza told newsmen and diplomatic representatives whom he had invited to the pre- sidential mansion: aUAY NOW PRESIDENT SOMOZA REPORTS FINDING NEW ARM DEPOSITS HAMMER-AND-SICKLE WEAPONS SHOWN TO DIPLOMATS Arms Supposedly Landed by Mysterious Submarine “I’m not sure whether this has anything to do with the attack on me which was to have come off recently but I’m loath to believe that enemies of my government would have allied themselves with international Communism “I am asking newsmen and friendly diplomats to give deep thought to this event which seems to indicate that someone wants Nicarz to be turned into a fu- ture Korea in the Amer Further on Somoza said: “&@ these weapons are of Russian make, Not a single one of them was manufactured in the United tes. Just the night before last, guard personnel stationed saw a submarine coa at Venadillo approach the coast, and t! severance makes me be’ they wanted to contact people at that spot and make a really serious landing. “The weather was unfavorable for them because there was a lot of wind and rain at-the time.” An American Army official who was present when Somoza showed the weapons confirmed the po- tential destructiveness of the land granades which were displayed President Somoza told his visi- tors that a state of siege which he had imposed on the country shortly after discovery of an alleg- ed April 4 plot to murder him and his family would he lifted in a few days except in the area ef the capital city, Managua. Costa Rican Special Envoys to OAS Return to Inform their Government conference in hemispheric history | for the specifie purpose of aiding They stand firm on creation of a conciliatory group | Rican Government, to solve dispute wit! h Nicaraguan gov't —_——o———_—_ WASHINGTON —(UP)— Two, special diplomatic agents who were sent to the Organization of American States in Washington last month to represent Costa Ri- | ca in its controversy with the | neighboring country of Nicaragua left for San Jose to confer with | officials of their government. A statement issued by the two envoys. Fernando Volio and Al- berto Marten, pointed out — that their departure shouldn't be cons- trued as meaning that they in-| tended to give up in their demand | that the inter-American agency | carry out an investigation of the | dispute The communiqué of the Costa | Ricans said: | “Special envoys for the Costa | Fernando Vo- lio and Alberto Marten, are leav- | ing Washington for several days for the purpose of making a per- sonal report to their government. “The two of them, adding that Costa Rica’s stand in regard to its controversy with N ua =: re- mains unaltered, said that they would press for appointment of an investigation and conciliation com- mission to attempt settlement of a dispute which arose when a re- volutionary movement was _ dis- covered in Nicaragua. “In view of the treaties which were invoked by the Costa Rican delegation in the Organization of American States, the two men maintain that Costa Rica is assur- ed of its rights to request opera- tion of the appropriate machinery at any time because use of this machinery was simply left in ab- eyance after the Council of the OAS first held hearings on the case last April 21.” Strike of United Fruit Employees Spreads Dangerous ly in Honduras Foreign leaders reported active in stirring up trouble Some of laborers armed with guns TEGUCIGALPA —(UP)— A strike which was originally called by employees of the United Fruit Company has spread to the areas fo Pregreso, Tela and La Lima, in- volving 12,000 out of the 25,000 people employed by the Tela Rail- road Company. The stoppage has brought to a standstill all fruit cutting, train traffic and milk production. A strike committee made up of workers from the company’s con- struction and machinery depart- ments is asking for higher salaries and has accused the company of “paying miserable wages” and maintaining unbearable working conditions for many years. A strike call signed by Luis Duarte of the workers committee and Jose Luis Cali, reprsenting the Progreso strikers, was issued. It appealed to democratic orga- nizations of the country to support the strike. The government has mobilized its armed forces in order to main- tain order in the affected aréas. The company, on its part, has de- nounced intervention by foreign labor leaders and disclosed the fact that some of the laborers are armed with guns. “ Toriello says “no comment” GUATEMALA CITY —(UP)— Minister of Foreign Affairs Gui- llermo Toriello told reporters that he hadn’t received any official no- tice about the ousting of two Gua- temalan consuls from Honduras. According to dispatches receiv- ed here. the Guatemalan consuls in San Pedro Sula and Puerto Cor- tes were expelled from Honduran territory “because they were tak- ing advantage ot their mail frank- ing privileges to introduce propa- ganda against democratic’ institu- tions in Honduras.” Toriello said that he could not make any official comment on the matter. Reports published by local pa- pers said tha the Honduran go- vernement had ordered the consu- lates closed because they were commected with a strike of United Fruit Company employees that has spread all over the northern coast of Honduras