Evening Star Newspaper, June 2, 1940, Page 6

Nazi Planes’ Ranges Too Short For Effective Attack on U. S. Available Data, However, Fail to Tell Of New Ships Germa By JOSEPH S. EDGERTON. The United States has little to fear from attacks across the Atlan- tic by present combat types of Ger- man airplanes, even the best of the present long-range Nazi bomb- ers, on the basis of accurate re- ports of German airplane perform- ance in the hands of Allied and American military observers. These figures lend support to the arguments of Col. Charles A. Lind- bergh and Maj. Alford J. Williams, Jr, who have warned their fellow Americans against a hysterical fear of immediate German attacks from the air within' the Western Hemi- sphere. Although the present German air force may not be a formidable op- ponent over long distances because of the restricted ranges of its com- ponent airplanes, there is no as- surance that the Germans may not—in fact. that they have not— already started the production of longer range bombers and fighters | against a day when they may seek objectives farther removed than France and Great Britain. Military observers do not -discount rumors that the Germans are working on four-engined, long-range bomber types. The Germans themselves have hinted of the existence of a giant air carrier capable of carry a 30-ton tank, said to be held in re- serve for the ‘attack against Eng- land. Reduces Ocean Barrier. Should the Germans have carried such air giants to the production stage, the Atlantic would not prove 80 formidable a barrier to its new planes as to those which now form the backbone of German air power. The moral, according to military observers, is that, even though this country may have little to fear from the existing German air force, un- less it can be transported to the New World and based within striking range, there is no telling what the Germans may be preparing and, consequently, no real guarantee of safety except in the pushing of our national defense plans to a maxi- mum. It is pointed out that, even though the German airplane “shadow” factories still may be tied up with production of bombers, fighters and the “Stuka” dive bombers of types now carrying the war against the Allies, these same German | plants, if swung full blast to the| production of new long-range types could, probably for many months, | outbuild American plants in a com- petitive race. German airplane plants were built up between 1984 and 1937 for a rate of production yet \mequaued} by any other nation and possibly any group of nations. American seronautical leaders have declared that the American aircraft industry could not hope to build up to the German production figure in less than 12 months after definite types | of airplanes were “frozen” for mass | production methods. | ‘Were the German plants to begin production of long-range bombers and convoy plants to the full ca- pacity of their existing factories, a Yyear would elapse before American plants could begin to equal their production rate, in the light of present opinion in the industry. Even then, American manufacturers are allowing themselves only a year in which to duplicate the Ger- man plant construction program of three years prior to 1937. Performances Gauged. A study of the known or rea- Eonably accurate estimates of Ger- man combat plane performance characteristics i§ illuminating. Very accurate figures have been ob- tained by the Allies, some of them before the war and others by ex- | eamination of German planes shot | | operations over land or sea. ns Have Planned bases and full supplies of fuel, bombs and ammunition on the American side before it could be used offensively in this hemisphere. Ju 89 Somewhat a Mystery. The Junkers Ju 89, of which less is known, is a four-engired ship, powered by the same engines used in the He 111K. Loaded, it weighs about 56,000 pounds. Its range, however, is not belleved to be suf- ficiently better than the smaller Heinkel to make it a formidable weapon against the Americas, with- out complete bases awaiting it on this side of the Atlantic. The Junkers Ju 86K is powered by 1 two smaller Jumo 205 engines; has a weight, empty, of 11354 pounds and londed of 17,770 pounds. It carries 2,205 pounds of bombs at a maximum speed of 224 miles per hour. Its range, however, is placed at only 1555 miles at cruising speed of 174 miles per hour. It was first produced in 1935, but was employed in many German squadrons in Poland and on the Western Front. The Dornier Do 17, powered by two 660-horsepower BMW Vi en- gines, or two larger Daimler-Benz 1,050-horsepower liquid-cooled en- gines, has an “all-up” weight of 18,080 pounds. With the big DB engines it has a top speed of 202 miles per hour with 2,205 pounds of bombs. Its range as a bomber is only 965 miles. Equipped for reconnais- sance, carrying only cameras, with extra fuel tanks bringing its capacity to 485 gallons, it has a range of 1,240 miles. The Dornier Do 215, powered with the new Daimler-Benz DB 601 en- gines of 1.150-horsepower each, is credited with a maximum speed of 312 miles per hour and cruising speed of 264 miles per hour. Its range as a bomber also is 965 miles. With extra tanks and carrying only cameras, its range is increased to 1,500 miles. These are the most formidable of the German long-range types now in active service. The Blohm and Voss mine-layer, when used in trans- Atlantic mail service, ade use of & mid-ocean refueling base—a float- ing catapult steamer, of which the Germans had two in service. Dive Bombers Short Ranged. The dive bombers are short-range airplanes of husky construction with- out range. even through addition of extra fuel tanks, for long-range The range of the relatively new Henschel | Hs 126, for example, is only 685 miles. | For “out-and-back” service with sufficient fuel reserve to meet the exigencies of combat and weather, its effective range is less than 300 miles. The Heinkel He 112 “long range” fighter, has a normal range of but 715 miles at 50 per cent throttle. Carrying full armament of two wing cannon and two machine guns, its range is reduced to 300 miles. With long-range tanks, the He 112 has a maximum range of 1,555 miles at 236 miles per hour and an altitude of 13,120 feet; its most efficient speed and altitude. . . off % s D The famous Messerschmitt Me 109 carries one cannon and four ma- chine guns. A “cleaned up” version of this airplane, the Me 109R, holds the present world speed record, hav- ing beaten the previous mark of 463945 miles per hour established over a 3-kilometer course in March, —_— AUTOMATIC ‘OIL BURN down since hostilities began and so | made available for scientific study. Among the German bombers how blasting the Allies ashore and afloat are such standard models as the Heinkel He 111k, Mark V THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, JUNE 2, 1940—PART ONE. 1939, by & racing version of the Heinkel He 112, The combat Messerschmitt, how- ever, is a far slower airplane than its racing sister, being credited with a top speed of but 354 miles per hour at its, best altitude of 12,300 feet. Earlier versions, with the Junkers or Daimler-Benz 600 en- gines, were much slower. New Messerschmitt Faster. The new Messerschmitt 110 model, a two-engined ship, is faster than its single-engined sister by only nine miles per hour, having & rated top speed of 365 miles per hour. It has 8 “convoy” range of 1500 miles at the 215-mile-per-hour cruising speed of the German bombers for which it is intended to' provide protection. Its best possible range, at a speed of 175 miles per hour, is 1,750 miles. This is a heavily-azmed fighter, equipped with two wing cannon and two machine guns fired by the pilot and two flexibly-mounted rear guns manned by the gunner. A study of these figures, accord- ing to military observers, proves the insuitability of the present German combat airplanes for offensive mis- sions outside of Europe. For “oute and-back” service, the best of them cannot be relied upon for use against targets much more than 500 miles away. For really efficient operation, they probably are not intended to operate at ranges of much more than 100 miles, which explains the great anxiety of the Germans to obtain bases on the Netherlands coast for air operations against England. Unless these German air fighters can be transported to well-secured, completely equipped bases in the Americas and assured of unfailing supplies of fuel and ammunition, therefore, there is little danger they will be used in the New World. Should the Germans contemplate of- fensive action against the Americas, it will not be with these, but with new types of aircraft which have not yet appeared in any numbers, mili- tary authorities are convinced. Largest American Liner Begins Trials Tuesday By the Associated Press. NEWPORT NEWS, Va., June 1— The 8. 8. America, largest liner ever constructed in this country, will leave the Newport News Shipbuild- ing & Dry Dock Co. Tuesday morn- ing on her builder’s trials. The big craft, fitted out from bow to stern and called by naval archi- tects “the safest craft ever built,” is to be put through her paces out- side the Virginia Capes. She will be manned by a crew of approxi- mately 500 employes of the shipyard. Capt. Joseph I. Kemp of Boston, famous as a steamship test pilot, will be on the bridge. Capt. Roger ‘Williams, vice president of the ship- yard, will be in charge for the builders. A number of passeugers, includ- ing some new stockholders of the shipyard after the recent sale of the glant plant, also wili be aboard the craft. - Better Light With Modern Fixtures COLONIAL FIXTURE Beautiful and gracious design. Polished brass, cut glass shades. A lovely addition to your home EEEEEEER cegr BEDROOM LIGHT Shaded ceiling light. crystal amber or pink PORCH LANTERN Choice of several attractive styles and finishes, with art or plain glass. $1.49 KITCHEN FIXTURE Opal socket. 59¢ BIASE. .ouiierrnannnnnnn globe with white enamel holder and keyless Besutiful ivory finish; 98¢ BATHROOM LIGHT White porcelain bathroom light. 54c CEILING FIXTURE Two-light fixture. Ivory an: gold finish. 49¢ model, used extensively in attacks Modérnlze Red Cross to Buy Surplus Food fo Send fo France Products to Be BOI;Q'IY At Half Price for Aid of Refugees ‘The Red Cross arranged with the Agriculture Department yesterday to buy American surplus food prod- ucts at one-half the market price to help feed war refugees in France. Meanwhile contributions to the Red Cross drive for a $10,000,000 emergency relief fund reached a total of $5410,983, with District do- nations amounting to $80,256.66. Chairman Norman H. Davis of the Red Cross said the agreement with the Agriculture Department would enable purchase of “much more food with the money so generously con- tributed by the American people for rlief of the war victims in France.” Items to be procured under this arrangement and sent to France soon on a “mercy ship” include 5,881,000 pounds of wheat flour, 1,250,000 pounds of cornmeal, 750,- 000 pounds of lard, 800,000 pounds of prunes and 800,000 pounds of raisins. ““Our surpluses of these specific food products are such,” Secretary of Agriculture Wallace said, “that we can assist United States pro- ducers through the increased dis- tribution that will result from this plan, at the same time that we are making it possible for the Red Cross to accomplish greater humanitarian ends with its available funds.” The Red Cross announced yes- terday that more than $60,000 in contributions had been received during the previous 24 hours. Local contributions reported yesterday up to the time of bank closings amount- ed to $7,385, with more than $3,000 coming from downtown booths and another $1938 from Government agencies, Major part of the donations from Government agencies was made up of $438.70 from the Library of Con- gress, $405 from Federal Housing Administration, $387.25 from Gen- eral Accounting Office and $34525 from Veterans' Administration. Meanwhile, Mrs. Wallace Lind and Mrs. Willlam A. Snow, vice chair- men of the local surgical production unit, announced plans for starting night shifts of volun- teer workers at the District chap- ter auditorium this week. Two shifts of approximately 75 women each, one working in the morning and the other in the afternoon, have turned out thousands of bandeges so far, Gen. F. R. Keefer, chairman of the District chapter, pointed out that while contributions from chil- dren are credited to the $300,000 quota set for Washington in the fund drive, they are set aside in the national children’s fund for children’s relief in the war-torn countries. Approximately $350 has been received so far from private schools, public school organizations and individual school children in the Capital ares, he said. Pleas for generous contributions from children were made at a meet- ing of the Junior Red Cross Coun- cil at the chapter house yesterday. Approximately 35 representatives of local junior organizations having total membership of more than 82,000 attended the council meeting. 3,000in C. C. C. Camps To Be Taught Swimming Instruction in swimming and water safety will be given 3,000 en- | rollees of the Civilian Conservation Corps this summer as a part of the annual drive to reduce drownings, Director James J. McEntee an- nounced yesterday. Two enrollees from each of the 1500 camps in the country, after receiving instruction, will in turn conduct swimming lessons at their camps and act as Nfe guards. The water program is conducted yearly in co-operation with the American Red Cross. In recent years the training has served to reduce the number of drownings at C. C. C. camps, Mr. McEntee said. The training period | will last about 10 days. The dates| have not yet been announced. | Last year such training schools | were established in 16 localities in | June, £ I Red Cross Gifts | Contributions to the Red Cross war relief fund will be received and acknowledged in the news columns if sent to the cashier's office at The Star. The following have been received: Eleventh Cafeteria employes § '!Ill)g Mrs, William H. Young.... Electa Chapter No. 2, Order In memory of H. V. C. Afra Bleicher._______ Baby John W, Finney_. A. E, Scommell:__ Miss Ardell Payne___ Previously acknowledged... 768.00 Grand total Modernize Your Kitchen SINK AND CABINET Finest quality, beautifully enameled sink with chrome fittings to meet D. C. Regu- lation, and enameled metal cabinet. Complete as shown. DRAINBOARD Finest quality enameled drainboard with bracket. Easily attached. Size 18"x18” ...... TILE BOARD ! For bath and kitchen walls. Replica of finest tile. Attractive colors; quickly installed, large sheets 48"x48”; easy to clean. Bq. ft. ... SINK FIXTURE Combination fixture, swing spout with soap dish. “eautiful chrome finish. Fits any sink... Hot Water at 52.98 ciesresens 19¢ 52.88 Low Cost AUTOMATIC WATER HEATER (Pictured). A. G. A. approved. Economical in use of gas. Finished in gleaming white en- amel, 20gal. capacity. s34-95 on British ships and raids on the | English coast; the Junkers Ju 89.’, largest of the present bombers known | to have been used against the Allies; the older Junkers Ju 86K, used in great numbers against Po- land; the Dornier Do 17 and the Dornier Do 215—the latter two listed as “reconnaissance bombers.” | Among the Stukas, or dive bombers, which are smaller single- engine types, are the representative | Junkers Ju 87, the Heinkel He 118 and the Henschel Hs 123. The| LI : Henschel Hs 126, though “lswdi:s al late Heating Service reconnaissance-bomber, also a W W ¢ single-engined ship of much similar | _ 2007 K St. NW. RE. mu type. e There are several types of Ger- | A man flying boats ‘' and seaplanes, | among them the Blohm and Voss | Listento...630 K. Hu 139 mine-layer, used freely in BROADCASTS mining British and Allied waters. TODAY BX CABLE ‘This is the military version of the four-engined twin-float seaplane Armored Bushed Cable, | 7:00 a.m.—News from Eu- > 142 wire. Sold in 2*" used by Deutsche Luft Hansa for airmail service across the South At- rope any quantity. Pt TOILET OUTFIT 10:00 a.m.—AP News 5 First quality china bowl and TOGGLE SWITCH tank Quslity toggle Ivory wif 9 s i NT 13t PAYMENT * IN FALL Then 5 126 o1 Monthly DeLu lodel MAJESTIC OIL BURNER by buying now. De Luxe MAJESTIC features: ® Minneapolis-Honeywell Controls ©® 275-Gallon Tank ® Capacity 1,200-ft. Radiation ©® Westinghouse Motor RANGE BOILER Galvanized, extra uhuvy. D. C. Regulation. 30-gallon capacity ......cee0..0 37.89 . Your Bathroom APRON LAVATORY Complete with chrome fit- tings. Size $9.29 GAS WATER HEATER Double copper coil. Finest quality. Economical in use of ’4 98 . 19"x17" SPECIAL PRICES FOR THIS WEEK ONLY PORTABLE SHOWER Easily attached. 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As to the bombers, the Heinkel He 111K, Mark V, is perhaps the most frequently mentioned in the news as a result of German raids against the English coast and Channel shipping. It is characterized as a “long range” type and is powered by two Junkers Jumo 211A 12-cylinder engines with a take-off rating of 1200 horse- power. It carries a crew of four: has a wing span of 74 feet 3 inches.a length of 60 feet; an empty weight of 14100 pounds and a maximum overload weight of 27400 pounds. Its maximum speed is placed at 274 miles per hour at the most efficient operating altitude of 12,300 feet. Its maximum range, with “over- foad” capacity of fuel, is placed at 2,640 miles, at a cruising speed of 225 miles per hour. The important fact, from a military standpoint, is that this range is insufficient to more than insure its crossing the narrowest point of the South At- lantio and that it would have to rely on finding completely equipped lantic during the two years prior to 12:25 p.m.—News with chrome trim: Cerienians the war. There is mere than a mere suspicion that the airmail plane | . =5 complete with Za=Ren e sent - $13.29 4:15 p.m.—News was the original design for the mine-layer and that airmail service 6:00 p.m.—News from Eu- rope was merely its proving-ground and 10:00 p.m.—AP News pilot-training run. 12:00 p.m.—News T TOILET SEAT White enameled finish. Bxcelent varsei 31,69 " Pipe and Fittings Complete stock of galvanized, black, brass and sewer pipe and fittings. We cut and thread pipe at small extra charge. : Complete stock of 6. E. 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