Evening Star Newspaper, June 2, 1940, Page 5

225,000 Guardsmen Know Rules, but Lack Arms and Sfamina Biggest Job Will Be Learning to Become Cogs In Machine, Say Experts By ROBERT BRUSKIN. If President Roosevelt is granted authority and calls out the National Guard for fleld training, the Nation will see, in the considered opinion of experts, 225,000 men who know the rules but lack equipment, stamina and, above all, the team- work rudimentary in “blitzkrieg” warfare. To the fast-moving warfare of 1940 they will contribute largely a pedestrian army provided with tools of their profession, which are chiefly 1918 left-overs. Several months will be needed for physical hardening. Their biggest job will be learning to become smooth-working cogs in a division of fighting men instead of isolated companies scattered in small-town armories where they drilled 60 hours at night in the past 12 months and lived in the field for 15 days in summer and seven days in winter. Better Trained Than in 1917. However, they will be far better trained and equipped than the 75,~ 000 National Guardsmen who were hastily mobilized in 1916 and dumped along the Rio Grande River while practically all the mabile Regular Army chased Pancho Villa in unfriendly Mexico. The 75,000 later became the seasoned nucleus of a half million Guardsmen who sailed for France in the next two years, providing the trained per- sonnel for two out of every five divisions in the A. E. F. Existing plans indicate they will have an even greater $hare in a future emer- gency. ‘There is small likelihood they will be called en masse to training camps for an indefinite stay. Considerable opposition developed in Congress to giving the President blanket per- mission to summon them. Secretary of War Woodring announced yester- day that although he had recom- mended authority be granted before Congress adjourns, he was “press- ing arrangements to avoid such a necessity.” “But should it later become nec- cessary to call out the Guard, the | initial purpose of such action would be to permit the field training, sea- | soning and building up of troops | similar to that being given the Regular Army; all of this to be ac- complished against the possibility | of a more serious emergency,” he | declared. | Could Call Small Units. | Legally, the President could “or- | der the Guard mobilized in event | of invasion “or danger of in- | vasion.” They would then be re- quired to serve until the danger is past. Congress could authorize | mobilization of the Guard in “a| national emergency.” The soldiers thus called to duty would serve out their enlistment or be dis- charged at the end of the emer- gency. | Lacking a national emergenoy or invasion the President could still | cause large sections of the Guard to take the field for short periods in groups for training, as he did last year when faults uncovered in maneuvers indicated the need. The Guardsmen probably would | be stationed in the South, far from rigorous weather. Unlike World ‘War days, they would live on reser- vations where sewerage and elec- tricity conduits are already installed awaiting mobilization. Regular Army equipment proba- bly would be turned over to them temporarily for training since their own guns and tanks are old and in- adequate. About 8 per cent would be disqualified through new physi- cal examinations, officers estimate, since Federal examinations are more strict than those given in some States. With an annual turn- over of 30 per cent in enlisted per- sonnel, and 40,000 additional re- | cruits added this year, many would receive for short periods rudimen- | tary infantry and rifle drills before being permitted to handle expen- sive and dangerous weapons. Have Tanks and Planes. At this moment the Guard could muster 36 tanks—2 for each of the 18 companies scattered throughout the country. The tankmen are un- trained for the type of warfare shown by the German “Panzer” di- visions. They have about 500 planes, chiefly observation, and about 600 pilots. There are few Garand semi-aute- matic rifles in the 22 Guard divi- sions: all but a few companies are equipped with the Springfield. They have only a few of the new 37-milli- meter anti-tank guns and depend | for their training upon 1-pounders, old when the World War started. Signal and radio equipment is lack- ing. There are about 12 gas masks for every 100 soldiers, and few have had adeequate gas training. The anti-aircraft units are fairly well equipped with 3-inch guns and range finders but have had little experience in firing them. One ex- ample is the Washington National Guard unit of the Coast Artillery which hasn’t used service ammuni- tion in its anti-aircraft guns for al- most two years. At maneuvers in Virginia last summer they used | blank ammunition. 13,000 Trucks Needed. | In the last four years the Na- | tional Guard has been equipped with about 11,000 trucks and auto- mobiles but need 13,000 more. Al of the artillery regiments are truck | or tractor drawn, except for one in New Jersey which still uses horses. But very few modernized guns have been given them. There are still four cavalry regiments and none that is mechanized, although plans are afoot for replacing horses with armored cars. When they have mastered the technicalities of these new (to| them) weapons they will then be . Perfect . DIAMONDS | ‘And complete line of standard . i and all-American madz watch=s." f | Shop- at the friendly store=— ‘.youre always greeted with @/ smile—with no obligation to buy; “CM'C Accounts lflM ‘M. Wurtzburger Co. + 901 G St. N.W. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, PEACE REIGNS AT THE WAR DEPARTMENT—Proof that Assistant Secretary of War Louis John- son keeps a level head while war sweeps over Europe and threatens to involve the United States is the above sign at which Assistant Secretary Johnson is looking. It hangs in his office. Convalescent Home For District Sought In Hospital Bill New Unit Will Be Asked If $60,000,000 Measure Is Passed by House Funds for construction of another health center for the District or for a hospital for chronic sufferers and convalescents will be sought by the District Health Department if Con- gress enacts the $60,000,000 hospital bill now awaiting House action, Dr. Daniel L. Seckinger, assistant health officer, announced yesterday. Dr. Seckinger pointed out that the District has no hospital for indigent convalescents or persons suffering from chronic ailments. Shortly be- fore he left his former post as Dis- trict Commissioner, George E. Allen was authorized by the Board of Com- missioners to seek Budget Bureau approval of requests for funds for provision of a convalescent home. Health Department officials said such a project would save money for | the District while extending addi- tional health services. since a con- valescent or chronic case can be cared for much cheaper in such a home than in a regular hospital. The proposed project has been rec- ommended by the city heads, but so far without success. As passed by the Senate, the bill | would provide funds for construction of hospitals in areas approved by the United States Public Health Service. Wisconsin 6. 0. P. Session Indorses Heil Regime By the Associated Press GREEN BAY, Wis., June 1.—With the ovations of delegates ringing in his ears, Gov. Julius P. Heil tonight assailed the Pregressive nax S8 campaign speech for re-election be- fore the Republican State Conven- tion, which gave his administration | unoualified indorsement. Gov. Heil closed the two-day con- vention with an attack on the Pro- gressives, declaring, “I want to say that if they have ever been in a battle before, theyll know what it is when I get through tearing them apart.” he said. Heil forces had complete control of the convention, which saw the collapse of opposition threatened by Robert K. Henry of Jefferson, who offered to run against the Governor if he could obtain the party's indorsement. The Resolutions Committee came out with a plank indorsing the rec- ord of Gov. Heil and the Republi- can-controlled State Legislature and in effect gave indorsem-~ni ' nis suggestion for an open primary.' The committee was supported by an overwhelming vote. Dunkerque Living Hell FOLKESTONE, England, June 1.| —A story of “ships sunk everywhere‘v and human beings mowed down as they waited to get away” was told by | the gunner of one of the British rescue ships back from Dunkerque.‘ — ready for field training in large bodies. Without experience of fight- ing in masses, which even the Regu- lar Army lacked until recently be- cause of inadequate appropriations, | “an army isn't much of an army,” on officer said. To acquire knowledge in mass maneuvers, Guardsmen, the Regu- lar Army and Reserve officers— | about 300,000 of them—will attend exercises this summer. Troops in this area will maneuver in Northern New York from August 3 to 31. Although deficient in almost everything making for the 1940 style of warfare, the National Guard is credited with 15,000 well-trained officers and several thousand more non-comissioned officers who have been attending schools to gain knowledge of the new weapons. To the rank and file enlisted men the National Guard is coming to mean less of a dress outfit that parades publicly on the slightest provocation and more of a grim business. Farmers are fighting an alarm- ing fruit pest at Paarl, South Africa. — HEAR BETTER with SONOTONE Come in for a free Audiometer test of your hearing Sonotone Washington Cot 901 Washington Bldg. 15th St. and New Yerk Ave. N.W. Phone Distriet 0021. Graduate of 1897 Will Make Home In Washington Col. F. H. Pope, the last of the famous West Point class of 1897 in active service, retired Friday and will make his home in Washington. Col. Pope's last assignment was at the Quartermaster School in Phil- adelphia, but during his long ca- reer in the Army he saw active service in Cuba, the Philippines, Mexico and in the World War. The son of Maj. Gen. John Pope of the West Point class of 1842, Col. Pope went to the academy as a matter of family tradition. Hi: classmates included Lt. Gen. Albe i J. Bowley, Maj. Gens. Frank R. Mc- Coy, William D. Connor and E. T. Conley and Brig. Gen. Sherwood Cheney. In retirement, Col. Pope will find numerous classmates residing in the ‘Washington area. Army records list 16 of them living in this vi- cinity. After graduation from West Point, Col. Pope was commissioned a sec- ond lieutenant and assigned to Fort | Riley, Kans. Later he went to Cuba |and participated in the battle of San Juan and was present at t¥e surrender of Santiago. During two years of duty with | the 14th Cavalry in the Philippines he collected a group of illuminated Mohammedan prayer books which | he presented to West Point. He spent considerable time studying the | | Moro language. | After duties here and in the Phil- ippines he was selected to repre- sent the United States Army as a student at I'Ecole de I'Intendance in Paris. In 1914, when the World War started, he joined the Ameri- can Embassy staff in Paris. When the Mexican expedition was | organized Col. Pope was given com- | mand of one of the new truck com- | —Harris-Ewing Photo. Col. F. H. Pope, Last of Famous West Point Class, Retires 4 COL. F. H. POPE. panies, thus becoming a pioneer in the development of new transporta- tion methods. During this campaign | he devised a simple portable mess | was aimed southwest. € Ve | outfit which provided his troops | than a week on the defensive along | high command, however, did not | D. C, JUNE 2, District Is Second Only o Kansas in Jobs Stability Figures Show City Tied With Missouri And New Jersey ‘The District of Columbia ranked high among States in stability of employment in manufacturing dur- ing 1938, according to analysis of State employment compensation systems by the Social Security Board. This city tied for second place with Missouri and New Jersey, and was exceeded in employment sta- bility only by Kansas, the study discloses. The figures show that the District, Missouri and New Jer- sey were rated at 95; Kansas at 96. Pay Rolls Also Stable. Pay rolls also were stable in 1938 in Washington, the survey shows. The District was in fourth place, rated at 89. Tied for third place were Wisconsin and Texas, at 91; with Kansas, 92, in second place, and Oklahoma, 93, in first place. Nearby Maryland rate 91 in em- ployment and 83 in pay rolls. Vir- ginia was not included because it did not report first-quarter data. The statistics exclude all Federal and local government employes, domestics, agricultural workers, em- ployes of charitable institutions and others, who are not covered by the Unemployment Compensation Act. February Employment Low. February was low, with an average employment of 153381 in the six general classifications of employ- ment covered; next low was May, with 154,874. December, with Christ- mas business, was high, with 164,- 520. The monthly average of em- ployment stood at 158,331. The monthly average for the six classifications were: Construction, 13,607; manufacturing, 13,554; trans- portation, communication and util- ities, 208,864; trade, 65,165; finance, insurance and real estate, 15,140; service, 30,011, Pay rolls for 1938 in the six clas- sifications here were reported as follows: Construction, $14,799,000; manufacturing, $22,141,000; trans- portation, $34,360,000; trade, $79.- 092,000; finance, $19,859,000, and service, $39,782,000. The total was $210,033,000. 1940 | | | | | | | | | Paris (Continued From First Page.) eleventh siege in the history of Dun- | kerque. Drive Aimed Southwest. | | The Nazi drive along the Somme After more | —PART ONE C. 1. 0. Board fo Meet To Discuss Labor's Role in Defense Political Stand Is Also Likely to Be Topic at Session Tomorrow ‘With labor’s role in the emergency national defense program and the C. I. Os part in the 1940 political campaign likely topics for discus- sion, the Executive Board of the Congress of Industrial Organization, under call of President John L. Lewis, will meet here tomorrow. This will be the first board meet- ing since the annual convention of the C. I. O. last fall in San Fran- cisco. In addition to officers of the national organization, the member- ship of the board, nearly 50 in all, includes a representative from each C. I. O. union. Many C. I. O. groups, in the last few months, have urged the re- nomination of President Roosevelt for a third term. Though the board is not expected to take a stand on the third term issue, the question may be informally discussed. In a speech at Monongah, W. Va., on April 1 President Lewis held the threat of a possible third party over the heads of Democratic leaders if the Democratic convention failed to nominate a candidate and write a platform satisfactory to labor. At _its meeting here last month the Executive Council of the Amer- ican Federation of Labor appointed a committee to present its proposed labor plank to the Resolutions Com- mittees of the Republican and Dem- ocratic National Conventions. The Executive Board of the C. L. O. is expected to discuss the question of representation at the party conven- tions and the drafting of labor planks for suggested inclusion in the platforms of the two parties. The question of labor peace may come up for informal discussion at the board meeting, but there are no indications that the C. I. O. and the A. F. L. will take any steps toward uniting in the near future, Marseille® (Continued From First Page.) added that in addition German dive bombers made hits on four | other warships and 14 commercial vessels, which presumably were serving as transports. It stated many of these ships were set afire. Nelson Sinking Claimed. These claims of new successes in the last hours of the Flanders cam- paign followed an earlier aszertion by a spokesman. that the batt Nelson, the pride of the British home fleet, had been destroyed. The with hot meals while on the march. | the river the Germans attacked yes- | claim the Nelson. In July, 1917, he was sent to France as assistant to the chief quartermaster in charge of motor transportation and organized the newly formed mechanized service which made important accomplish- ments during American participa- | tion in the war. For this work he received the Distinguished Service Medal. After the war he had several as- signments in Washington with the Quartermaster Corps. In addition to the Distinguished Service Medal Col. Pope received numerous decorations. He is an of- ficer of the French Legion of RICHARD W. LECHE. Yankee Clipper Reaches ‘New York With 29 Aboard By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, June 1.—Carrying | six American children, the Pan- American Yankee Clipper arrived ! today with a member of British| Parliament and the 2l1-year-old daughter of Ambassador Joseph P.| | Kennedy among its 29 passengers. | | Four of the children, ranging in age from 18 months to 11 years, | were the sons and daughters of Mr. | and Mrs. Dominicka de Francis. | They were accompanied by their mother, and are en route to Urbana, Ohio. Their father remained in| Lisbon. The other children were*‘ daughters of Mr. and Mrs. J. C.: Pratt. Their mother accompanied them. Miss Rosemary Kennedy, eldest: daughter of the American Ambas- | sador to Great Britain, boarded the | plane at Lisbon after leaving Eng- land. The Parliament member. Oliver Simmonds, refused to disclose the | purpose of his wip. i w. ... | Cyril accompanied him. | The plan® made an unscheduled landing at Bermuda because of fog. COMPLETE GLASSES SINGLE VISION FRAME OR RIMLES! Nov EXAMINATION value, Honor. Leche (Continued From First Page.) | United States Attorney General, an- | nounced that the Federal investiga- tion which has centered on Louisi- ana for the last 10 months and shattered the political machine of | terday morning for the first time, | | using light effectives. They were | thrown back. | | Late yesterday the enemy struck | again with dive bombers and me- ! dium tanks. Again the French pre- | | vailed. | 1 At dawn today the new German | attack began along several Somme ! | sectors. It was continuing at| nightfall, | _The morning communiqye said the | Germans obviously attached great importance to the effort to cross the | Somme. The French were reported well prepared at all points on the south ! {bank of the Somme with 20-ton tanks among their assets. Undecided on Holding Dunkerque. Earlier at Dunkerque the Allied | position was reported so improved that many Allied troops were being added to the defense instead of being embarked for England. | French military observers said it had not yet been decided whether to | | proceed with complete evacuation of | The statement that thz Nelson had been sunk came sponse to inquiries to an authorized German spokesman. He said quickly that rumors of her loss were true, add- ing that 700 members of the crew had goue down. But for “military reasons” ne de- clined to give any details. The Nel- | son, 33950-ton flagship, was com- pleted in June, 1927, av a cost of | about $37,500,000. Allies Continually Blasted. Off Dunkerque, strong units of | three flying corps roared overhead | | incessantly in an effort to defeat | the efforts of Allied remnants to | ferry themselves in smaller boats | to the warships and transports 1 inz off the harbor. The RBerlin press acknowledged that “throngs” of British and | French might have escaped under the protection of bad weather.‘ which lasted for part of the day, | but insisted: | “Troop units were no longer in- volved, perhaps not even soldiers. | For whoever has had a taste of the hell of Dunkerque no longer will | the late Huey P. Long now would 'Dunkerque or attempt to hold it as| feel a desire to pick a quarrel with turn on Michigan. Goes North Next Week. “We are now out of the trenches in Louisiana,” Mr. Rogge said. “Michigan will be our next base of operations. I will go there next week.” The verdict against Leche came within 30 minutes after the case had gone to the jury in the first of numerous trials the former chief executive faces as the result of Fed- eral investigations . wihch followed his resignation. | The trial began Monday when L. | P. Abernathy, former chairman 0{1 | the State Highway Commission un- |der Leche, and George Younger, | local motor dealer, pleaded guilty | iunder the indictment in which they | were charged jointly with Leche. The Government alleged that Leche, through a go-between, James Thomas, ordered Abernathy to pur- chase State Highway Department trucks from Younger at excessively high prices and that Leche received $31,000 for himself in a “kickback” made by Younger. State Fleeced of $116,000. ‘The Government charged the total overcharge to the State was $116,- 571.88. Leche denied receipt of the $31,000, but told the court that he had made about $500,000 in business deals in which he had invested little or nothing since he became the Chief Executive. Mr. Rogge, who has successfully prosecuted several other former kingpins of the Long regime, de- scribed the $500,000 Leche income as “loot.” Egg prices are higher in Ireland this year than for a long time. SPECIAL ALL THIS WEEK BIFOCALS. _genune Kryptok white lenses to see far near. and $12. 12.00 VALUE ATTENTION! Know your eyesight specialist; who is he? Is he a COL- LEGE GRADUATE! These questions are VITAL to your health and happiness. The College Degree Eyesight Specialist has at his fingertips the very latest in scientific methods known to man, to give you an honest and accurate diagnosis. A COLLEGE GRADUATE'’S prescrip- tion is your assurance of proper treatment for your eyes. Remember then, CONSULT A COLLEGE GRADUATE EYESIGHT SPECIALIST. Dr. Bornard B. Hillyard, 0. D., D. 0. . 903 F St. N.W. s . | a threat against the German flank. | The present Dunkerque garrison | | was described as now able to resist | | “with force” any attack against it. | Low-flying French planes supply food and ammunition nightly for | | the garrison. | The French rear guard forces, covering the Allied retreat toward | | Dunkerque slowly fell back. The | | stand by this riddled force made it | | possible, a French spokesman said, | to save “many more” troops than had been hoped for. Its own fate, how- ever, grows more desperate. The retreat in the north was facil- itated by bad weather and fog which slowed down the German air at- tack, by the work of the British air force and navy, by calculated flood- ing and by stubborn fighting by out- numbered Allied troops. | French Took Bridgehead. | The Somme attack by the Ger- |mans was concentrated earlier north of Amiens. In this vicinity the French captured an important bridgehead on the north bank. The point was needed by the Germans to get across the river. Coincident with the German at- tempts along the Somme, fleets of Nazi torpedo launches were di- rected against small harbors and fishing villages between Dunkerque and Boulogne. The day’s developments indicated the French had become resigned to Italy’s entrance into the war. Ap- proval of economic accords with Italy were withheld alomst at the point of signing. “Something is expected to break fairly soon,” said a government spokesman, End his silent da: and joyous life. him to hear clearly in groups, deny him this needy gift, and iving it to him. Convenient ‘WITHOUT OBLIGATION. Suite 659, ys; give him an equal opportunit¥ to live a normal A 'Vacuum Tube Acousticon will 0wt deny sour terms may be arrensed. ACOUSTICON INSTITUTE Earle Bldg., 13th & E Ss. NAtionsl 0922 Germans.” Paris Drive Forecast. Nazi papers, forecasting a drive on Paris, said frankly that the Allies would be given no time to catch their breath. The high command's night com- munique announcing the sinking of the three warships off Dunkerque | followed by some hours claims that 5 transports had been sunk, a destroyer and a submarine tor- pedoed and 3 warships and 10 mer- chantmen badly damaged. | As to the battle in the north, the Germans asserted that the last re- sistance of the French troops had | been broken and that in the Lille sector alone some 26,000 Frenchmen had been taken prisoner. Dunkerque Attacks Continue. ‘The plight of the Allies around Dunkerque was called “the most horrible event of the war.” The high command stated the at- tacks at Dunkerque were conunu“ ing undiminished tonight. Germans said fires from the blazing British vessels lighted the area for many | miles around the French port. The British were saio to be using | every type of vessel conceivable to get out the shattered northern iforces, with “greatest confusion” prevailing at Dunkerque and adjscent waters. Allied transports were unable to enter the harbor, they asserted, and smaller vessels were taking the troops to ships in the roadstead. “Last Phase” of Battle. A military commentator declared the harassment of the fleeing troops near Dunkerque was “the last phase” of the battle of Flandérs and that the whole Flanders action was only FATHER'S DAY, JUNE 16 it possible for urcn, ‘eto. | Don't in ch, . the' pleasure of HEARING the first chapter of the German western offensive. The German front was pronounced organized from Calais, on the French coast, to the Swiss border and the next thrust, wherever it might be, could be made anywhere along that extensive line because the initiative still was completely with the Germans. On the other hand, this com- mentator observed, Britain must worry about her coast, the French about Paris and both about sinister developments in the Mediterranean. It was pointed out that France could not afford to throw her full power against Germany because she must be prepared to meet Italian action. Southern Front Live Again. Ceincident with German press in- dications of the approaching offen- sive toward Paris, the high command reported the southern front came to life again after several days of comparative quiet. A French attack failed at Abbe- ville, an army communique said, and the Germans counterattacked and gained ground. The air force co-operated with ground troops by bombing soldiers concentrated in forests to the south of Abbeville. At the eastern end of this 185-mile southern front the Ger- mans said they had driven the French back across the Canal des Ardennes at Lechesne. The French had been holding a bridgehead on the north embankment there. Platform for New Drive. ‘The newspaper Hamburger Frem- denblatt said the elimination of the northern Allied army “created a platform for a new offensive which extends from the mouth of the Somme over the Amiens Canal be- tween the Rivers Somme arid Aisne (and the cities of) Rethel and Mont- medy to contact the German west wall at the southern tip of Lux- embourg. “Advanced posts on this front between Laon and Compeigne are less than 62 miles from Paris,” the paper said. It was from Laon that the Big Berthas of the World War first fired into Paris. Maginot Line Behind Germans. The paper enumerated three reasons why “it would not be sur- prising if the weight of coming de- cisions presently bears down on the French people.” These were: 1. That fortifications of the ex- tension of 'the Maginot Line in Northwestern France are now be- hind the Germans, giving them “un- told possibilities” to break through in relatively open terrain. 2. That Gen. Maxime Weygand can hardly foresee where the de- cisive German pressure will extend. 3. That Gen. Weygand doesn't have the number of first-class re- serves necessary to back up the en- tire length of the front success- fully. Moreover, the paper said, the French defense is “enormously com- plicated” by the realization that Italy has reached “the turning point | in its position toward the war.” Australia is educating the public | in the economic use of gasoline. e A5 15 Private Planes Ready : For Shipment to Allies By the Associated Press. . NEW YORK, June 1—Fifteen privately owned airplanes used for sport and commercial purposes weré on the line at Roosevelt Field today destined for the Allied armies. Purchased by agents for the Allies, most of the planes were brought in by their owners from the Midwest and South and will be flown to Hali- fax for shipment to Europe. The planes are all Stinson high+* wing monoplanes. They are 1939 models and none of them iz more. than six months old. Owners and pilots of the planes declined to discuss the negotiations, but it was understood they were paid virtually the original purchase price and that the Stinson plant, unable to meet the demands of Allied agents, had referred them to recent purchasers of Stinson planes. It was reported at Roosevelt Pield that about 600 private planes have been sold to the Allies for use as ob= servers and to direct artillery fire. It was understood that most of these would clear through Roosevelt Field, en route to Canada. Six Stinson planes bound for the French Army - landed at Newark Airport last night. Mexican travelers spent $14,000,« 000 in the United States in 1939. WATCH REPAIRING SPECIA ATl smork dome by factory trained ezperts—regardiess of condition, we can repair it In Arhritis..... it aids because it is a Ratural elim- inant, because of its helpful mineral | content. 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