Evening Star Newspaper, May 8, 1940, Page 10

A—10 = The Foening Fhar | With Sunday Morning Editlen. THEODORE W. NOYES, Editor, WASHINGTON, D. C. May 8, 1940 The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Maip Office: 11th 8t and Fennszlvania Ave. i 110 2nd Bt. Chlicogo Oitce: 436 North Michigan Ave. . Delivered by Carrier—City and Suburban. Reqular Edition. Foiptand gancls Tos or o e o Eve: pred 3 o Bundas Bear o 10¢ ber copy t Pinal and Bungsy St 880 per month mz flfll |t Riad -2 60c per month Rural Tube Delivers. wlflnl and Sunday Star 85¢c per month e Evening Star 53¢ per month Sunday Star 10c per copy Collection made at the end of each month or each week, Orders may be sent by mail or tele- Dhone Natlonal 5000. 4 800 . Entered as second-class matter post office, ‘Washington. O. C. - Member of the Associated Press, The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this Daper and also the local news published hercin, All nights of publication of sveclal dispatches herein also are reserved. Weathering the Storm Prime Minister Chamberlain has survived the first blasts of the storm raised by the allies’ withdrawal from Central Norway. The decision of the opposition to challenge the gov- ernment’s position at this critical moment is not likely to upset the present cabinet. Bitter denunciation by both Labor and Liberal spokesmen followed the Prime Minister’s statement in the House of Commons yesterday. Mr. Chamberlain’s foes had heard the Prime Minister’s adroit defense of the Norwegian campaign, his ap- peal for national unity in the face of threatened German attacks, and his demonstrated willingness to shift power within his present cabinet by giving First Lord of the Admiralty Churchill direct supervision over all war operations. As a political maneuver Mr. Cham- berlain’s statement was shrewd. He made no effort to gloss over the blow to British prestige in Norway. But he stoutly defended the undertaking and attributed its failure not to in- eptitude, but to conditions which prevented the allies from acquiring airdromes and permitted Germany to place large numbers of reinforce- ments in Norway. It was better to have tried and failed than not to have tried, he believes. The warning of impending German attacks against Britain itself and the appeal for unity to make ready to meet them was a potent argument. With rumbling$ of a wider war in the Lowlands and Southeastern Eu- rope, it would be irresponsible politi- cal leadership which would force out the government, with all the delays such an operation entails. Granting of wider powers and greater responsibility for actual con- duct of the war to Mr. Churchill was no revolutionary change, but simply & technical shift in the exercise of war power. It puts the First Lord of the Admiralty in more direct control of the fighting forces, much of which he has had, in effect, since creation of the special cabinet committee under his chairmanship following the Finnish capitulation to Russia. Placing Mr. Churchill in direct contact with the chiefs of staff of the fighting services, however, will obviate much of the red tape hither- to necessary in carrying out war policies. Centering this authority in one man will go far to make possible that speed and effectiveness of ac- tion which is Hitler's prime advan- tage. Henceforth it is Churchill vs. Hitler. Mr. Churchill’s elevation to a posi- tion of more direct authority is evi- dence of one quality Mr. Chamber- lain possesses which serves him well in his tenacious struggle to retain the prime ministership—flexibility and readiness to yield to the exigen- cles of the war. This quality ac- counts for much of the solidarity with which the cabinet is meeting opposition attacks. There is no evi- dence that Mr. Churchill intends to play Lloyd George’s role in toppling the Asquith cabinet in December, 1916, when the venerable Welshman resigned as War Secretary, forcing creation of the second coalition cabi- net of the war under his own leader- ship. Hostages Elizabethan scholars in Washing- ton, reading Prime Minister Cham- berlain’s speech in the House of Commous yesterday, noticed that he paraphrased Francis Bacon when he said: “In this debate we are giving hostages to fortune.” The original version of this classic axiom, first coined and used by the man who either did not or did write Shakespeare’s plays, reads: “He that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to fortune, for they are impediments to great enterprises, either of virtue or mischief.” It may be found in “Marriage and Sin- gle Life,” an essay written in 1625, the author being sixty-four years of age and apparently well qualified to discuss both matrimony and a distant condition of bachelorhood. But the thought might be applied to a vast number of human problems, not merely to those of power politics and domestic circumstance. A hos- tage is “a person or a thing given as a pledge,” and it is the law of life that whatever man may venture it is required of him that he must risk either himself or his possessions. Great Britain, for example, gambled with fate when again last September she accepted the German challenge thrown down for Danzig. The de- cision was not lightly taken. Rather, it represented a conviction which gradually had been growing in the minds of thoughttul citizens of Eng- land from the moment of Adolf Hitler's assumption of control of the Reich in 1933. He had written & book, a most amazing book as the world regards it now, in which he had proclaimed a Nazi hegemony of Europe. With such a warning, the English public knew what to expect. It was the will of the people to fight when it became clear that compro- mise no longer was possible. The hostage given was the existence of the empire. Bo, toq, as Mr. Chamberlain sug- gested yesterday, democracy is in- volved. The discussion of the Nor- wegian campaign in Parliament is a concession to traditional freedom of speech, and it does have connota- tions of peril. Yet England is Eng- land still, & nation in which liberty continues to have meaning in prac- tice. It is good that this is true, Were it otherwise, civilization would mourn the difference. — Italian Imports Whether by design or coincidence, the Treasury Department chose a highly significant time to announce yesterday the rescinding of a part of the countervailing import duties on Italian silk products. Such a move in itself is not of world-shaking im- portance. But it is important as a possible indication of greater eco- nomic co-operation between the United States and Italy, providing that Mussolini does not decide to enter the war actively on the side of Germany. The Treasury action has been fore- cast for several weeks. It was de- scribed as a purely technical matter, involving only a decision as to wheth- er Italy was subsidizing her silk exports. But it ‘cannot escape in- ternational political significance, following as closely as it does the conversations between President Roosevelt and the Italian Ambas- sador, and between the. American Ambassador in Rome and Il Duce, Was Mussolini promised practical benefits of an economic nature if he were to stay out of the war, and is the lifting of penalty duties on some Italian silk products part of a pro- gram which might help to induce Italy to remain non-belligerent? It will be interesting to watch for the answers to these questions as further developments unfold. So Far, So Good The House Judiciary Committee is to be commended for reconsidering its unwise action in sidetracking the Hatch clean politics bill by a secret | ballot a week ago. But yesterday’s action only took the bill from a pigeonhole, other- wise referred to as “the table,” and brought it back before the committee. The committee should proceed with- out delay to vote on any amendments members may have in mind and report the bill to the House. Failure to take this next step would make of yesterday’s action an empty gesture. All that the supporters of the bill are asking is an opportunity to let the full membership of the House vote on it. If, however, the measure is kept in committee until there is no longer time to act before adjourn- ment, the country will be unable to escape the conclusion that its oppo- nents feared they could not convince a majority of their colleagues in an open debate. A majority of the House could force the bill to the floor by signing the discharge petition, to which one hundred and twenty-two of the re- quired two hundred and eighteen signatures had been attached up to yesterday. It is to be hoped, how- ever, that the committee will render this course unnecessary by proceed- ingtoacton the bill. That, more than anything else, would clear the air of the confusion that followed the secret ballot of last week. The vote then tabled the bill, fourteen to ten, but yesterday, on a publicly announced roll call, the original action was re- versed, fourteen to eleven. Executive sessions are essential when committees reach the point of perfecting the detalled provisions of legislation, but this experience with the Hatch bill should convince mem- bers of Congress that when the time comes to vote on controversial ques- tions, the recorded roll call is the safest and fairest course. One of the chief arguments raised by opponents of the bill now is that the Federal Government is undertaking to usurp the power of the States to control their employes. If the bill applied to all State workers, this argument might have some merit. But it ap- plies only to employes paid in whole or in part from Federal funds. Hav- ing restricted the political activity of its own workers, why should the Fed- eral Government exempt thousands of other employes working on Fed- eral-aid programs for State govern- ments? e ———— Foreign Silver Some of the debate in the Senate on the Townsend bill to end Govern- ment buying of foreign silver has avoided the basic issue, which is: Shall the United States continue to buy, at inflated prices, huge stocks of foreign silver that can serve no use- ful purpose to us now or later, in order to provide the purchasers with good American dollars with which to buy our exports? In other words, should this Government continue to subsidize our export trade through the " medium: of a “silver brick” scheme which is filling the West Point repository.with a great hoard of pretty metal of declining value? Those who argue in favor of the buying program picture the drastic effect on our export business of an abrubt termination of the silver ac- quisitions, But the proponents over- look the facts that the buying has been going on steadily since passage of the Silver Act in 1934, that more than 2,000,000,000 ounces of foreign silver have piled up during that perind, that the act directs that the buying must not stop until the silver stocks amount to one-fourth of the monetary value of the silver and gold hoards combined, that this ratio is as far from attainment now, due to gold purchases, as it was in 1934 and that this absurd pyramiding process cannot go on forever. The subsidy might as well end now as later—for the economic effects of cessation are likely to increase in seriousness as the world’s silver market declines— and Uncle Sam’s stimulants are little more than shots in the arm. It should not be forgotten, more- over, that the principal beneficiary of our silver policy today is Mexico, whose government has just rejected our proposals for an impartial arbi- tration of the expropriation “grab.” Adoption of the Townsend bill might help to bring Mexico to her senses. At any rate, there no longer is any basis for the argument made in previous years that repeal of the foreign silver purchase provision might offend friendly nations. China and Canada would not be affected. The Star hopes that the Senate quickly will pass the Townsend bill and that the House will complete the Jjob of repealing the ill-advised for- eign silver purchase clause. The ‘Big Train's’ Future From a national standpoint, the- outstanding feature of Maryland’s primary was the nomination of Walter Johnson, baseball’s popular “Big Train,” on the Republican ticket for Congress. That event meant more in the far corners of the land than the outcome of the State's chief political battle over the Democratic senatorial nomination. In the latter vigorous and at times bitter struggle, Senator Radcliffe emerged victorious over Democratic National Committeeman Howard Bruce. The loser already has assured Senator Radcliffe of his support, and it is to be assumed that the party factions involved will unite, as they have in the past, in an effort to defeat the Republican nominee, former Governor Nice, in the general election. The vote was generally regarded as a test of strength between the Dem- ocratic leadership of Senator Tydings and Mayor Howard W. Jackson of Baltimore, and that of Governor O’Conor and Mr. Bruce. Probably the significance of the outcome will be seen in coming months. It makes Senator Tydings’ assurance of con- trol of the State convention doubly sure. And it may mean that Mary- land’s delegates to the national con- vention will go instructed to vote for Senator Tydings as a favorite son candidate for President. It is likely to mean also that Mayor Jackson will be the party’s next nominee for Governor. Political fortunes of two members { of the House District Committee were at stake, and the outcome indicates that one member, Repre- sentative Kennedy, will not return. The other member involved, Repre- sentative D’Alesandro, was renomi- nated. Apparent defeat of Mr. Kennedy, and nomination of Mr. Johnson and of some other Republic- ans said to be strong, have caused some observers to predict that Maryland’s congressional delegation, which has been all Democratic since Senator Radcliffe’s election in 1934, may not remain so after November. No matter how bitter the cam- paigns may be for the other offices at stake, the national spotlight in November will include Mr. Johnson'’s race against Representative Byron in the sixth Maryland district. - Mr. Johnson just did manage to get into the political arena in 1938, filing for county commissioner in Mont- gomery County at the entreaties of his friends a few moments before the deadline. He was elected despite a Democratic landslide in the county. His future has suddenly become one of the big question marks of Mary- land politics. Salt Solution Among lesser known odd facts is the surprising one that Oklahoma is within a mile of salt water; that is, -1f one is careful to measure that mgile in the right direction, which is straight down, where the brine is found in conjunction with oil. Upon being brought to the surface, it has been customary to separate it from the oil and let it run off into local rivers, where it has had a twofold effect on the community. On the one hand, it has killed stock, vegetation and fish; on the other, it has served as the basis for a new and flourishing profitable industry—that of suing the petroleum companies for heavy damages. One oil concern finally ran out of aspirin and decided to solve its head- ache by breaking out its drilling ma- chinery and sinking a deep dry shaft down to permeable sand, and let the brine drain off. Surprised geologists were therefore given the task of locating a nice, dry, convenient spot for a barren well. They responded nobly, and instructed their employ- ers to drill at the southwest corner of subsection Q, Section A, Lot eleven of Township twenty. Perhaps the astute reader will have guessed the sequel. If not, suffice it to say that the harassed oil company hit a gusher which is re- morselessly and relentlessly bringing in every day two thousand six hun- dred barrels of oil, the same number of dollars and very nearly as many salty tears. Says Wang Ching-wei Is Far East Menace Americans Urged to Watch For Banon U. S. Trade in China - To the Editor of The Star: With events of such magnitude occur- ring in Europe, are the people of Amer- ica overlooking what is occurring in the Far East? I wonder if they are fully aware to what extent the trouble-makers of Japan are striving to attain their ob- Jective of complete - command in the Orient to the exclusion of all Occl- dentals in trade and civil life, aided and abetted by the arch-traitor of China— ‘Wang Ching-wei. The Japanese and Wang Ching-we{ are not above using any method to gain their desired objectives, one of which is the exclusion of all white people from the trade markets in the Orient; and if the truth were only known it could be shown that these manifestations are not confined to China alone, but to the Philippines as well, though as yet not 50 pronounced in regard to the latter. This menace to the “open door” policy in the Far East is surely there and is serlous enough that it should be given due publicity, thus to prepare ourselves to meet it squarely before it is too late. The following are a few known facts of Wang’s manipulations which I be- lieve should be given space in an effort to throw some light on his connections with the Far East affairs, as he is deal- ing directly with Japan. To this adventurer, treachery is not a _new device to be used in the attainment of his selfish ambitions. He was an early supporter of Dr. Sun Yat Sen in the movement that culminated in the revo- lution, and in those early days he plotted the assassination of Chiang Kai-shek. He even advocated the desertion of Sun Yat Sun’s supporters so that he himself might head the revolution, but failed te accomplish either of these ideas and “is failures were so bitter to him that he incited his followers to sack and burn the city of Canton. Today there is a memorial in Canton that takes the form of a monument attesting to his disloy- alty so that all who pass By may learn of his nefarious misdeeds. Such is the man to whom Japan turned in an effort to set up a puppet govern- ment. ‘Wang Ching-wel alone is the man re- sponsible for the spread of Communism throughout China, not in collaboration with Russia, but in an effort to further his own selfish desires—seize power and set up a government for his own. He has attempted to inflame the peo- ple against the teachings of Christianity, at the same time urging that the churches and missionaries should be destroyed. A few years ago he visited Europe end on his return to China he agitated against Chiang Kai-shek because he did not then favor resisting the Japanese interests . . . China was then unprepared for any conflict, but the Chinese people had a great national pride in their coun- try and a solid belief in national free- dom. This faith is one thing that Wang Ching-wel has been unable to alter, and 1t is this that will eventually result in the restoration of China to her proper place among the democratic nations of the world. In the occupied zones of China the Japanese, alded by Wang Ching-wei and his cohorts, are spreading a propaganda which claims the American churches and missionaries are preaching the gospel of Christianity as a cloak to hide their real objective in the Orient . . . which Japa- nese officials assert is a desire to gain control of all big business ventures in Chiha. These or any other methods will never be able to poison the Chinese against the people of America, for the people of China will never forget what was done for them by the United States in their time of distress when flood, famine and drought took such a heavy toll among millions of people. J. JOEDING. Vancouver, Canada. May 1. Misery Due to W. P. A. Layoffs Related. To the Editor of The Star: Col. F. C. Harrington is quoted as stat- ing recently before the House Apprepria- tions Committee that the recent W. P. A. cuts had caused very little suffering. I am wondering whether Mr. Harrington is aware of the fact that right in the Na- tion’s Capital where he resides there are thousands of unemployed people on the verge of starvation, due to the recent layoffs and the impossibility of getting relief, I am quite sure if Commissioner Har- rington would begin looking in his own back yard he could not truthfully state that there is very little hardship caused by the W. P. A. layoffs. The unemployed of Washington condemn such a state- ment. It can only lend aid and comfort to those reactionaries who would like to see W. P. A. cut out altogether. This is not the only move that the W. P. A. administrator has made that makes the unemployed feel that he is not working in their behalf. For example, Mr. Har- rington asked for & 15-day reduction in the waiting period after being terminated from the program under the vicious Woodrum amendments, which require all workers on W. P. A. who have worked 18 months to be fired and kept off the rolls at least 30 days, although in actual fact the time comes closer. to 30 months. Col. Harrington should know the hardships this amendment has caused. He certainly knows that the unemployed demand that it be abolished. The un- employed want the right to work, the right to live decent lives. This can only be done by Col. Harrington's co-opera- tion in abolishing the unemployed army in America. This certainly cannot be done by encouraging the very type of thinking that brought about the condi~ tions of the unemployed. May 3. ROBERT ROBINSON. “Made in Germany” Souvenirs Deplored. To the Editor of The Star: Imagine my chagrin when, after giving souvenirs bought in Washington to two of my little friends at home, they in- formed me they were stamped “Made in Germany!” Now, I am not anti-anything, but T am pro-American, and do I think it should be possible for American souvenirs to be manufactured for American visitors who visit the United States Capital. . (MRS) MARY E. PETERSON, Rockaway Park, Long Island, N. ¥ May 2. v THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNEgBAY. MAY 8," 1940, - THIS AND THAT By Charles E. Tracewell, . This column had not thought to print an article about the arrival of the wood thrush this year. But when the first strain of that beautiful song struck sleepy ears at 4:45 am.,, April 30, it was irresistible. The very voice of the outdoors, with all its true sweetness and light, uncon- taminated by man— That is the wood thrush’s song, say- ing that it is & good world, after all, if man would let it alone. * % %% ‘These best of birds arrive in our block usually on April 28. This year they were two days late. One year they came on April 14, but that was exceptional. Usually they fiy first to the avenue of oaks to the west, 8 block away, where they are heard for a day or two before coming over our way. One thrush is enough, of course, and at first it is impossible to tell just how many of them there are. These birds migrate in pairs, settling down that way in their new territory. We do not like to say home, because it is no more home to them than was the South from which they came. * ok ok X The song of the wood thrush, speckle- breasted fellow in a brown suit, is like none other. It consists of four groups of three notes, or triolets. These are given in a loud, clear and sweet tone, with a sort of flute-like quality. At times it has'a double quality, that is, the bird seems to be striking two notes at once. There is a measurable space of time between the four groups of groups of three, varying with the individual singer. ‘While the song pattern of the melody —and it is a real one—is the same with all these thrushes, the way it is rendered is entirely individual. There are varia- tlons, as it were; these birds “swing” the melody. Many persons still do not know what the term “swing music” means. They think it has something to do with rhythm, but what is implied is that the artists swing away from the written melody, that is, they improvise. It is this spirit of free improvisation which makes modern swing music, and to that extent it is a good influence in the music world, say what one wil against it. * ok % ok The wood thrush is an artist, in every sense. His tune and his method are ideally fitted to his world. His audience, of course, consists of | two worlds, that of birds and that of men. Mostly his bird audience is composed of other thrushes, which is as it should be. He calls to his mate, and he issues & challenge to other thrushes to keep out of his territory. A pair of birds which settles down in a given neighborhood will remain there until next fall. This does not mean that they do not do a great deal of flying around. Perhaps any pair of birds ranges a wide territory, since a mile in the air is as nothing to any feathered thing. &t But in the main the birds stick closely to the chosen beat. That is why one may feel sure that it is the same thrushes he hears morning after morne ing. * % %% ‘The arrival of the wood thrush means that spring is really here. Tree leaves have told us that, too, but somehow the ringing tones of the thrush notes make human listeners quite sure of it. Human listeners no doubt have the greatest appreciation of the bird’s song, because they have minds which can understand. While man’s psychology is responsible for many great things, it also brings about his downfall, as we were told long ago. As we fisten to the wood thrush, we may pause to wonder if there is any such greatness in intellectuality as man- kind has always told himself there 1s. These creatures of the wild, the birds and the tigers and the lions and thou- sands of others, cannot think, as we can think, and therefore they have no wars. Is that a fair deduction? Heaven knows. But it is pretty sure that the so-called brutes merely kill to eat, while God alone knows why man kills, * % ¥ X The song of the wood thrush brings the listener back to the sensible things of this world, the fresh air, and the light, and the goodness of good men and women, to faith and happiness and true worship. You do not have to be a philosopher to find something more in this song than just notes. The notes are there, all right, but over and above them fis & message to suffering humanity, ill with its own weight of wisdom. It is good, on the first return of these birds, to listen to them carefully, and try to get this supreme message. The very sight of this bird is a joy, and this is not difficult, for it is a friendly creature, none more, since it has given up being a forest bird and taken to suburban living. Surburban dwellers rightly pride themselves on their wood thrushes. Few of these birds live in the city. But it was not so many decades ago that none of them lived in the suburban areas, but stuck closely to the woods, hence their name. In time they may settle in town, who knows? In the meantime, let us enjoy the sight and sound of this marvelous bird. All thrushes, of course, are gentlemen and gentlewomen. There is something in their fearless air and perfect poise, together with their quiet ways and real music, which sets them somewhat apart from all other birds. If you live in the suburbs, join the happy ranks of those who keep the last few days of April each year as a sort of tryst with nature. Learn to know the wood thrush song, and add some- thing interesting and beautiful to your life. Letters to Says German Treachery Needs Emphasis. To the Editor of The Star: Entirely too much emphasis is being placed upon British “unpreparedness” in Norway and entirely too little upon Ger- man treachery. Why should Great Brit- ain be expected to have been “prepared” in Norway? Norway was doing its level best, under the circumstances, to remain neutral—and certainly was not erring in this connection on the side of Great Britain. And every principle of inter- national law, and of justice and right, sustained her inviolability. For coldly calculated treachery, the recent secrst, armed occupation of Denmark and Nor- way has no parallel in modern history. It is this treachery of Germany, and not British “unpreparedness” in general, foolish as this may have been, and the pacifism of recent years in that country that lay back of it, that constitutes the real threat to the peace and security of the whole world. Nor is Hitler alone responsible for this monstrous crime. Nothing is more clear than that the German people must be held responsible for their dictators. If they can shed their blood overrunning and enslaving small neighboring neutral peoples, much more can they be ex- pected to shed it, if necessary, in putting down their own ruthless and bloodthirsty dictators. Failing this, they are ines- capably responsible for Hitler and all his works. The world at large is not particularly concerned with British “unpreparedness” in itself—or even with British defeat. It is the shocking faithlessness of Ger- many to every pledged word and her un- paralleled treachery in violating that pledged word—first openly manifested in the violation of the neutrality of Belgium in 1914 but grown vastly more sinister since that fateful day—that should en- gage the gravely serious attention of the whole world. Hitler may have “missed the bus.” But Hitler, and the German people with him, certainly caught the northbound “Treachery Unlimited,” and rode it into Denmark and Norway—and to eternal infamy. JOHN G. THOMPSON, May 6. Sees Need for Action Here Against Hitler Menace. To the Editor of The Star: In a recent communication Fred Vetter very aptly likens Herr Hitler to a rattle- snake. Reminding us that this snake 1s in his own hole, Mr. Vetter admonishes the allies (and us, inferentially) to walk around the hole, Under different condi- tions this would be advice with which no one could quarrel. It is a notorious fact, however, that this snake refuses to stay in his hole. On the contrary, he has for some time been running over the whole neighborhood, striking our friends and neighbors—isome of them fatally, and terrorizing the community generally. He has even been known to look menacingly in our direction. Under these circum- stances, is it surprising that we should show concern and feel sympathetic to- ward efforts being made to put an end to this danger? It now begins to look as though we either may have to assist pretty soon in that undertaking, dis- agreeable though it may be, or else have" dire need in the near future for & much more efficient remedy for snake bite than discovered. has yet been May 6. J. R. MAGILL. the Editor Letters to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer although the use of a pseudonym for publication is permissible. Please be brief! Thinks Psychology Factor Will Defeat Germany. To the Editor of The Star: In a recent edition of The Star there appears a letter of Mr. Fred Vetter say- ing he is interested in the military situa- tion of the war and not the moralities mentioned in an earlier letter of Mr. Elliogen. May I not present a third view, the psychology of the situation? Prior to the first World War the Ger- man Empire was lush with wealth. Thanks to the energy and genius of her subjects, her merchant ships plied the high seas conveying German-made goods to the ports of all the world, her na- tionals owned and operated banks, in- surance companies and profitable mer- cantile establishments in all impor- tant cities. Literacy was higher in Ger- many than in any other nation. The German family enjoyed the foods and fabrics of the universe. Art and culture flourished. Yet, with all of these things they were unhappy. Being late in achieving national unity, they did not enjoy “Welt politiks.” Because of this they embarked on the fatal mission of acquiring their goal by force of arms. They wanted to accomplish in a few months that which could be accom- plished only in several generations. By virtue of their frenzy and efficiency they occupied the territories of many peoples. Each conquest, instead of bringing them a benefit, only brought in more people to share ‘their madness and misery and weaken their wonderful unity. If you live long enough with your conquered victim you are bound to get his view- point. 'Although their powerful armies were intact and undefeated on the field, psychology got them in the end. Like all other emotions, the zeal and ardor of a blood lust must end. The world is now witnessing a fresh generation of Germans. By reason of their forbears they are not so well off as the German were in 1914. In fact, peoples all over the world are not so well oft, and for the same reason. This young* German generation has invented some new slogans—“Herrinvolk” and “Lebens- rarum,” but the same restless emotions, are now driving the fresh German legions to spill the blood of their fellow man. The same psychology which ended the first World War will end this one. The French and English know this. They know that reckless speed of their part would simpiy play the Nazi game. Lick- ing a powerful German Army is next to impossible, but time itself will lick the German state of mind. The allled task is not to throw the Germans out of Poland, Austria, Czecho-Slovakia, Den- mark and Norway. Their task is to keep Germans pinned in and off the high seas until the young German father begins to think of preserving the blood in the cheeks of his children rather than spill- ing the blood of his innocent neighbors, ‘When this occurs the Germans will take themselves out of the small nations which have been the victims of their dynamic efficiency. The German high command knows this better than any one else. Hence their necessity schieve cheap victories in the field. May 4. * J. H. BILBREY. Haskin's Answers To Readers’ Questions By Frederic J. Haskin, A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Eve ning Star Information Bureau, Frede eric J. Haskin, director, Wa.hington, D. C. Please inciose stamp for reply. Q. Who is the richest man in the world?—R. P. A. The Nizam of Hyderabad is reputed to be the world’s richest man. His in- come is estimated at $50,000,000 & year from the prerogatives of an ancient Indian throne. Q. Please give some information about the Harding Memorial—M. E. A. The Harding Memorial, which contains the grave of President and Mrs. Warren G. Harding, was dedicated June 16, 1931, by President Hoover, at ceremonies attended by national and State officials and prominent citizens of the United States. The tomb is located in a landscaped tract of 100 acres near Marion, Ohio, and 1 mile south of Lin- coln-Harding Highway, United States Route 30, a transcontinental thorough= fare. ‘The tomb is open to the sky; in the circular plot within the colonnade grows a willow tree, its branches shading the grave. A black marble slab, lettered in gold and surrounded by myrtle, marks the resting place of President Harding: Within the tomb a walk parallels the circle of the columns, over which is a cornice holding growing evergreens. Q. Where was the first motion pice ture theater?—A. D. A. The first motion picture theater was the Nickelodeon which opened in November, 1905, in Pittsburgh, Pa. Q. With what church is Gov. O'Dantel affiliated?—J. D. H. A. W. Lee O'Daniel, Gov. of Texas, i§ & member of the Christian Church. Q. Is Baltimore, Md,, in & county?— C. W. 8. A. Baltimore City was separated from Baltimore County by the Constitution of 1851. The city is a separate and distinct political unit of the State and has been 5o since 1851. Q. Please give some information about the old home at Danvers, Mass., that was moved to Washington, D. C.—~ M. W. H. A. “The Lindens” was originally erected at Danvers in 1754 by Robert Cooper, a wealthy merchant of Marble« head, Mass. It was demolished in 1936 and removed piece by plece to its present site on Kalorama road in Washington. The home is owned by Mr. and Mrs. George M. Morris and was reconstructed under the direction of Walter Mayo Macomber, who was resident architect of the Willlamsburg (Va.) restoration. The floor stencils are said to be the earliest in this country. The wallpaper in the hall is that which was removed from the old home and depicts thres historical and legendary scenes. Ac- cording to authorities, it comprises the three most complete sets of wallpaper of that perifod in the United States. Q. Please give the title of the theme song of “Bachelor’s Children.”—M. H. A. “Ah, Sweet Mystery of Life,” by Victor Herbert, is the composition used* on the program. 3 Q. How high is the tallest suspension bridge in the world?>—M. T. R. A. The floor of the bridge which spans the Royal Gorge, the canyon of the Arkansas River, is 1,053 feet above the bed of the river. Q. What percentage of students com= plete their high school education?— W. M. T. A. According to the United States Office of Education, 56 per cent of high school students graduate. Q. What do the initials F. A. C. 8. mean after a physician’s name?—L. W. A. They indicate that he is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons, Q. Please explain Napoleon’s cone tinental system.—V. J. A. This was the name given to Napoleon’s design for paralyzing Great Britain through the destruction of her commerce. By the Berlin Decree (No- vember 21, 1806) and the Milan Decree (December 17, 1807) he declared Great Britain to be in a state of blockade, and forbade either neutrals or French allies to trade with her or her colonies. To Napoleon's “continental system” England responded by Orders in Council which subjected all countries in alliance with Napoleon to a counter-blockade. The campaign of starvation brought great suffering to both countries, and vast annoyance to neutrals, causing in particular the Anglo-American War of 1812. But since England held the com= mand of the sea with an overwhelming superiority never before witnessed, the contest proved disastrous to Napoleon —not only because of the resulting privations, but also because in the effort to maintain his system, Napoleon was forced to undertake responsibilities too great for him to support. Q. Please give a list of the Harper Prize novels—W. R. D. A. They are as follows: “The Able McLaughlins” by Margaret Wilson, 1922« 23; “The Perennial Bachelor” by Anne Parrish, 1924<25; “The Grandmothers” by Glenway Westcott, 1926-27; “The Dark Journey” by Julian Green, 1928- 29; “Brothers in the West” by Robert Raynolds, 1930-31; “The Fault of Angels” by Paul Horgan, 1932-33; “Honey in the Horn” by H. L. Davis, 1934-35; “The Seven Who Fied” by Prederic Prokosch, 1936-37; “Children of God” by Vardis Fisher, 1938-39. Wistaria Doorways Even as everlasting hills endure, The pale-blue fragrances shall always stay Within the heart. Nor miles, nor years shall lure The essence of such memories away. Across the inland prairie’s fisunting flelds, / ; Beyond the far horizon's fading line, The inward eye beholds the clustered yields Of iridescent fountdins from the Vine. Precious the season, dear the flowering tides Bearing upon full bosoms the return Of sweet wistaria that almost hides The low familiar house. Long hours burn With & desire for voices that are stilled, And welcoming lintels where the blooms are spilled, ROSE MYRA PHILLIPS,