Evening Star Newspaper, October 4, 1937, Page 11

Black Speech Held Artful Avoidance He Spoke Not a Word of Regret or Apology for Klan Tie, BY DAVID LAWRENCE. HERE is really only one effec- tive test by which to measure for one's self whether the speech of Hugo Black last week should earn for him the respect or con- demnation of his fellow citizens. It is by asking and answering this ques- tion: “Would Mr. Black have been confirmed as & justice of the Supreme Court if he had made the same statement to a Senate com- mittee before his | nomination was acted upon as he made to the pub- lic last+ Friday 2 night?™” In the judgment of nine of 10 ob- servers famil- iar with the pen- etrating power of the Ku-Klux Klan issue in American politics, the Sen- ate would not have confirmed Mr Black. Several Senators who voted for him last August have stated pub- licly since that had they known of his Klan membership they would not have voted to confirm him. The speech delivered by Mr. Black | was an earnest attempt to satisfy erit- jes. It was phrased in mu balanced sentences than any previous address by Mr. Black, and in that sense was in good taste. But the address was a shocking revelation of an unforgivable fact and an artful avoidance of the real charge against the man who was nominated for the Supreme Court by President | Roosevelt. H First, Mr. Black describes vividly | what might be the results of a revival | of the controversy about the Kian, | but he speaks not one word of regret or apology for having once joined a secret order which did precisely what he now fears may be renewed. Reappeared Year Later. Second, Mr. Black says he resi and never did rejoin the Klan. He wants his audience to believe that when he resigned he completely dis- associated himself from the Klan. His | resignation was dated July 7, 19 He reappeared more than a year later, September 2, 1926, at a Klan meeting and made a fulsome speech, thank- | ing the me: in Ku-Klux Klan David Lawrence. One of First Court Duties Y A strange quirk of fate, one B The man is & Jew and a assistant to the Attorney General. curtains and steps into the chamber A little later Mr. Black, with his eight colleagues, will be called upon to approve the lawyer's ad- mission to practice before the high tribunal, The lawyer is Max Spelke of ~Connecticut, who exposed the Kian organization in his State in 1923. Few remember the case that brought it about, but the expose created a sensation. ‘The former secretary of the paper man.) had the court room jammed, and big news of the day. tice before the tribunal, had no idea partment of Justice, says that, while rather than on his past affiliations. * volves trade. again in certain cynical circles. These cynics say that all Great Now that Japan is trading high Japanese spindles was negligible. x % the classes as well as the masses. phrases 1. ving helped him win | the Democratic nomination Which in | Alabama is equivalent to an election | to the Unite o e Third, M bigotry and though g0 to sat in a other spea proclaim un-Ame! purposes and express antagonism racial and religic the Klan. Mr. Bla was silent then because he wanted the continued sup- | port of the Klan. At that same meet- | ing he spoke of the “ideals of this great fraternity to which we belong.” | d in 1925 why did he ch things about ttend its meetings a er? Four k at no point in his | #peech last Friday denounced the Ku- Klux Klar name. He insisted several hat he believed in | complete gious freedom and in the | right of everybody to worship accord- | ing to the dictates of his conscience. | 8o did every member of the Klan. | The Klan never opposed religious | freedom. It insisted upon “White Protestant Supremacy” and at the very meeting which “Ar. Black addressed in 1926 he emphasized as do all Klan speakers, the desired dominance of the Anglo-Saxon race. The purpose of the | Klan was to prevent Catholics, Jews, | Negroes and foreign-born from holding | public office, and not to interfere with religious freedom. Its purpose was to | discriminate in a busin ¢ against other groups and not to disturb their | method of worship. | now denounces | to | ups opposed by continue to Not a Personal Issue. Sixth, Mr. Black misconstrued the | episode as a personal issue. Nobody | has accused him personally of being intolerant as against Catholics, or Jews or Negroes but of lending his influence and membership to an or- | ganization which did preach restriction : of the political rights of American | citizens because of race or creed or | color. Seventh, Mr. Black boasted about his record in the Senate on the matter of | civil rights, but forgot to explain why | he made this speech in the Senate as recently as April 29, 1935, when the Benate was debating the anti-lynching | bill: “We will have made ourselves, it seems to me, just a little absurd in view of the magnificent progress which we have made and the improved re- lationship which exists between the races who live in the country, if we stop the real business of the Senate in order to consider a measure which, according to the maximum figures, would have affected only 14 people last year.” How about the relatives of the 14 Negroes and how about the millions of other Negroes who read about lynch- ings and wonder if they would be among the next 14 to be lynched? Was this “liberalism” or protecting the eivil rights of Negroes? Mr. Black is plainly ineligible to sit on the bench because of a clause in the Constitution which forbids appoint- | government by impetuosity Lawyer Spelke took the case. stand and, by the time he had finished the cross-examination, he court would synchronize with Mr. Black's debut. have known that the Klan issue would be injected into the scene. The Connecticut lawyer, who stands high in the favor of the De- can't do much other trading with her. the British, say the suspicious Americans. Statistics are quoted to show that exportation of British print goods fell off 50 per cent between 1935 and 1936. Japan, it is generally admitted, has most of that trade now. more, the Oriental power's tolal export of cotton piece goods exceeds Britain's by nearly 800,000,000 square yards. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1937. What’s Back of It All Will Bring Black Face to Face With Klan Fighter. N BY H. R. BAUKHAGE. of the first official functions of Mr. Justice Black, as he takes his place on the supreme bench Monday, involves a man who, & few years ago, fought the Klan and won. liberal, a successful lawyer, a special Though he will not be aware of it, when the new justice parts the of the court, he will face that man, king kleagle of the realm of Konnectikut and Rhode Island was charged with theft of papers from the kleagle's desk, (Her husband was & news- He put the king kleagle on the a petty theft case had became the The testimony resulted in a complete expose of the Klan, the defendant was acquitted and popular feeling was stirred throughout the State, Mr. Spelke, when he first made his application for admission to prac- that his first appearance before the Nor, indeed, could he he “has no patience with the Klan," he prefers to judge Associate Justice Black on his record in the Senate * x One of the great obstacles to British-American co-operation in the Far East is the old charge that England is always trying to get somebody else to pull her chestauts out of the fire. It is said that British diplomats have become so sensitive on this subject that they hardly dare mention anything that even indirectly in- Now that the British public has come out for a boycott of Japanese goods in the name of peace and asked America to join, the cry is raised Britain wants is to cripple Japanese trade so that she can get back her market in China. explosives with China, naturally she It would be a grand chance for Further- Once the competition from * % Although the New Deal hasn't heard the news vet, it is to have “a first-rate organ to defend its policies,”” a national magazine brought into being by the efforts, according to his own testimony, of Representative Willlam Sirovich of New York. The publication will be called the New Democracy, and, if we can believe its founder, it will ex- plain the New Deal principles to The publication will have for its purpose the reconmstruction of “economic, social and intellectual” America. “It will wage,” says Mr. Sirovich, a holy war against the unholy causes which seck to undermine the foundations of progressive democracy * % * % The latest charge that Japan was deliberately poisoning the Chinese people, through the illicit sale of opium, made by Victor Koo, Chinese delegate to the League of Nations, was passed over by many as just so much more war propaganda. ‘What the cables didn’t mention was that the asser- tion was based in part on American testimony. The United States was represented on the League of Nations' Ad- visory Committee on Opium, which furnished the facts. A summary of these facts appeared in this column some two weeks ago. The committee report, of course, imputes no motives. Complete text of Victor Koo's remarks has reached America, and the gist of it is this: “I am not asking you to take my word. The facts come from your own committee.” Officials here state that it is now common knowledge that Japan controls the illicit drug trade in China. (Oopyright, 1937, by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) ment of any Senator to any civil office during his term of service if any law | is passed increasing the emoluments| of the position to which he is about to be appointed. The emoluments of | all Supreme Court justices were in- creased by a law passed in March of | this very year. May Never Be Ruled On. To decide this a “case” has to be brought under the Constitution and under the statutes governing jurisdic- tion and therefore because of tech- nical difficulties the matter may never come to the stage of a formal ruling. If Mr. Black stays on the bench, his very presence there my serve cone structively as a reminder of the hair- trigger government—the President and | the Senate—which nominated and| confirmed him without investigation. | If the episode prevents a repetition of | and the absurd practice of confirmation by the | so-called “courtesy” rule, it will not have happened in vain. For the fact remains that a man who was nearly 40 years of age and old enough to know what he was doing, took an oath in a secret order dedicated to religious and racial antagonisms. Such a man is obviously unfit to sit in judgment on his fellow citizens because it is plain that his political opportunism and ambition impaired the patriotism which he should have possessed. Oscar Underwood retired from the Senate in 1926 rather than seek Klan support. Mr. Black sought it and won a seat in the Upper House of Congress. Several weeks ago when Mr. Black was nominated for the highest court in the land he again exhibited what he believed was good political strat- egy—he kept silent while his colleagues jammed his nomination through with- out public hearings. He won again. But when the press in full perform- ance of its duty exposed hi Klan con- nections, a controversy started which will not end, as Mr. Black wishes it, with his statement on the radio. It will not end as long as the insult to the millions of Catholics Protestants, Jews, white and colored citizens re- mains. It can be erased in only two ways—a ruling by the Supreme Court that Mr. Black was constitutionally in- eligible or by his voluntary resignation in deference to the demands of public opinion. (Copyright, 1937, by the North Ameriean Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) THE TAREYTON IS ALWAYS FIRM, NEVER SOGGY NOw ONLY 15 TAREYTON CIGARETTES * Theres SOMETHING aborl Lhem you'll like” ———————————— e A y WORLD MORAL CONTROL URGED BY DR. BUTLER | | a password. By the Associated Press. e NEW YORK, October 4 —A choice between moral control or the rule of force urged yesterday by Dr. Murray Butler, president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Speaking by radio under the auspices of the National Peace Conference, he recommended the immediate enact- ment of the program for world co- operation adopted by a conference of 62 statesmen at Chatham House, London, in March, 1935. “Nothing stands in our way but lack of intelligence, sluggish indiffer- ence and that appalling policy of ‘wait and sec’ which is the pride of the so- called politician. Whether in public office or out of it,” said Dr. Butler, who is also president of Columbia University. He proposed establishment of an international monetary unit of certain value, destruction of high tariff barriers, and removal of the “out- standing temptations of war” as pro- posed by the Chatham House Con- ference. Cemeteries to Advertise. FORT WORTH, Tex., October 4 (#). —Raymond E. Siebert, Indianapolis, president of the Association of Ceme- tery Superintendents, says the organi- zation was planning an advertising campaign. Siebert is here for the fifty-first annual convention at which 1,500 delegates from the United States and Canada are expected. in international relations was | - | Nicholas 'HE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, themasel: although such opinions ma% ves and directly opposed to The Star’s. be contradictory among Mr. Black Investigates Senator Cross-Examines Justice in Clash of Two Powerful Personalities. BY DOROTHY THOMPSON. IFTY million people attended on Priday the investigation of Mr. Justice Black by ex-Senator Hugo Black. The large audi- ence was attracted by the prominence of the two figures and the clash of two powerful personalities. * ok ok % Senator Black has established a national reputation for the vigor, scope and incisiveness, if not ruthlessness, of his investigations of corruption and malpractices in American life. His ferreting out of secret docu- ments has been particularly bril- liant, and his cross - examina- tion of witnesses on the stand has been nothing less than devastating. Evasive witnesses of dim remem- brance have squirmed on the stand as their in- vestigator con = fronted them with facts and docu- ments born to blush unseen, which they assumed had been lost or for- gotten. He is well known for his Dorothy Thompson. insatiable passion for facts, and his| remorseless logic in drawing deduc- tions from them. ‘The investigation, therefore, of Justice Black by Senator Hugo Black was not only attended by the largest audience in American history, but is & model of clarity and precision which will elicit the admiration of future students of public inquiries. ok K X ‘The cross-examination proceeded as follows: Senator Black: Mr. Justice, what is | the supreme law of our country? Justice Black: The Constitution. Senator Black: And what is its heart? Justice Black: The bill of rights. Senator Black: Mr. Justice, do you believe that any movement or action by any group that threatens complete liberty of religious belief is & menace to freedom, and the spirit of the bill of rights? Justice Black: I do, indeed. Senator Black: Did you believe this to be true in 1923? Justice Black: “No words have ever been or ever will be spoken by me, directly or indirectly, indicating that any native or foreign born person in our free country should or could be restricted in his right to worship ac- cording to the dictates of his con- science.” Senator Black: Were you in 1923 a member of the Ku Klux Klan? Justice Black: I was. Senator Black: What was the in- evitable effect of this organization on American life? Justice Black: Frankly, Mr. Sen- ator, “it tended to revive religious dis- cord or antagonism, which could spread with such rapidity as to im- peril the vital constitutional protec- tion of one of the most sacred of | human rights. It brought the polit- ical religionist back into undeserved and perilous influence in affairs of government It elevated the least worthy to political position, because religion or race barred others from It bankrupted many business men, whose sole offense was that they had religious beliefs which did not accord with the prevailing re- ligion in thejr communities. It set neighbor against neighbor and turned old friends into new enemies."* LR Senator Black: Mr. Justice, why, since these are, according to your own testimony, your beliefs and always have been your beliefs, did you join the Klan? Justice Black: I don't recall. Senator Black: What part did the Klan play in electing you to the Sen- ate? Justice Black: I don't recall. Senator Black: Why did you resign from the Klan? Justice Black: I don't recall. Senator Black: Were you not after- ward, while you were a member of the Senate, reinstated in the Klan? Justice Black: I never asked for reinstatement. I didn't use the card. T don't keep it. Senator Black: Didn’t you receive this membership card at a meeting of the Klan, and didn't you publicly acknowledge your indebtedness to the Klan for your election, and didn't you in receiving the card again indicate your solidarity with the principles of its members? Justice Black: I don't recall. Senator Black: Are there no records, stenographic reports or other docu- ments from this period of your Klan membership which could be sub- poenaed to throw light on this im- portant question? Justice Black: “What appears now or what appeared then on the records of the organization, I do not know."* Senator Black: You frequently availed yourself of the senatorial TIP FOR 1938 incompatible with | power to subpoena records in inves- tigations, did you not? Justice Black: The Ku Klux Klan is not the Western Union. Semator Black: But, Mr. Justice, you were once bound to the Klan by ties of fraternity and sworn ald one to another. Would they not be glad to give you the records, as a fraternal act? Justice for them. Senator Black: When your name came before the Senate for confirma- tion as an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court, cer- tain Senators said that you had been & member of the Ku Klux Klan, and other Senators, presumably upon information from you, who alone was qualified to answer, sald that you were not. Where were you during this debate? Justice Black: In the cloakroom. Senator Black: Is it your opinion that if the President or the Senate had known of your affiliation with the Klan, you would have been ap- pointed to the Supreme Court? Justice Black: I stand upon my constitutional right not to answer. Senator Black: Is it not true, then, Mr. Justice, that your refusal to admit membership in the Klan con- stitutes the withholding of & material fact, and that essentially, therefore, you hold office by false pretense? Justice Black: I stand on my record of 11 years in the Senate, Senator Black: Mr. Justice, isn't it a fundamental doctrine of the Klan that the leopard cannot change his spots? Justice Black: It all depends upon whether he is a liberal leopard or a Tory leopard. Senator Black: Inasmuch as you stand upon your record in the Senate, I now quote from your record in the Senate in the investigation of a Mr. Tate, as & prospective member of the Interstate Commerce Commission. I should like to refresh your memory. Mr, Tate had been an attorney for the Southern Railway. Did you, or did you not, comment on that appointment as follows: “As a general rule, a man follows in the future a course that he has followed in the past. Show me the kind of steps a man made in the sands five years ago, and I will show you the kind of steps he is likely to make in the sand five years hence?” Justice Black: I don't remember, but I suppose I said it Senator Black: Have you or have you not, in conducting Senate in- quiries, constantly challenged the competence of witnesses on the basis of their past or present affiliations? Justice Black: I have. Senator Black: You believe then, that once a Tory always a Tory? Justice Black: I do. Senator Black: And once a Klans- man always a Klansman? Justice Black: I don't. Senator Black: You believe then, Mr. Justice, that a young man can join the Klan, tacitly accept its brutalities and persecutions, use it as a stepping stone to the Senate and higher offices, and repudiate it, if the fact comes out, without apology or explanation? Justice Black: If one makes a liberal record. Black: I have not asked * ok % % Senator Black: If this method was to be recommended in the past, is there any reason why it should not be recommended to ambitious young politicians in’the future? Justice Black: I think it is a serious mistake to keep on talking about this matter. Senator Black: Why? Justice Black: Because it will tend to revive the Klan, which stands for everything odious. Senator Black: You mean that in- vestigation of facts is fraught with public danger? Justice Black: It is, now. “This is a planned and concerted campaign which fans the flames of prejudice.”* Senator Black: You mean that the revelation that you were a Klansman fans the flames, and the fact that you were & Klansman does not? Justice Black: “When this state- ment is ended my discussion of the question is closed * * * The character and conduct of every public servant should be subject to constant scrut- iny."* Senator Black: Is that not a non- sequitur, Justice? Whose business is it to close an inquiry? The business of the investigator or of the man in- vestigated? Justice Black: In this case, I have made great concessions. “I have broken with the precedents of the past to speak to you tonight.”* Senator Black: Do you believe, then, that senatorial inquiries should be discontinued, as not conducive to the public welfare? Justice Black: Not at all. But my position carries with it immunity. Senator Black: Ah, the immunity of the supreme bench, Its members you believe, are above investigation? They are not ordinary men? They This Changing World Experts Admit Misjudging Chinese Resistance and Overestimating Power of Japanese Army. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. ILITARY experts throughout the world are ready to confess that they have been wrong in their‘estimutes that the Japanese Army could make mince meat of the Chinese in a short time. ‘While taking into consideration the terrain difficulties and other things which staff officers always use as alibis to excuse failures, it becomes clear that the Japanege Army is just an average force. The theory that it was composed of fire- ‘ ! // eaters is being punctured. \;_ 7 The reputation of invinci- @ bility which has surrounded 0/,,.\ the Emperor's troops is based as S on the fact that it had won e g an easy victory over the large armies of the former Chi- nese Empress in 1894 and that it had defeated without trouble the Czarist armies in 1905. Ever since, with the exception of & short interlude during the World War when three divisions took Tsingtao away from a German brigade, the Japanese have had no actual fights . * ok ok K Military experts recall now that the defeat of Imperial China was not difficult. The armies were disorganized and the generals, trained in the old system of fighting, were worried about their personal comfort and about how much money they could squeeze out of the Japanese in order to “throw” the fight, The Russian armies were better, but lacked decent leadership and especially commissariat. The grand dukes and the high army officials in Petersburg were more occupied with making money for themselves out of the Far Eastern war than about winning it. On more than one occasion the Russian artillery had not more than a few rounds of ammunitions per day, and the infantry had to yield ground without resisting before the terrific Japanese artillery fire. The great victory at Port Arthur, after months of siege, was actually purchased with gold. Gen. Stoessel, the defender of that fortified port, sold out to the Japanese. He was court martialed and dismissed from the army at the end of the war, ! * ok % Now that the Chinese are more or less organized and Chiang Kai-shek cannot be bought, the Japanese are having, despite their superiority in war material and airplanes, a very teugh time The consequences of the unexpected Chinese resistance may be far- reaching. Russia, which only three months ago was scared when the possibility of a conflict with Japan was mentioned, becomes aggres- sive. It has signed agreements with China under the nose of the Japanese and is rushing war material to its new confederate, know- ing full well that this is irksome to the Tokio leaders. According to military experts it seems that the Soviets would not mind getting into a scrap with the Japanese. A victory would greatly enhance the morale of the Russian people and increase the prestige of Stalin The Chinese, too, are becoming more exacting. While they did not expect from the League of Nations anything more than the usual “moral support” and condemnation of Japan's aggression, the Nanking govern- ment is now demanding sanctions. Chiang Kai-shek believes that this unexpected revelation that the Japanese are not super-soldiers might hearten the League and induce her to take a more positive action in the Far Eastern conflict. * % x % ‘The failure of the Japanese armies at Shanghai is also acting as a deterent on Mussolini and Hitler. The two dictators don't be- lieve in failures and will not asso- ciate intimately with nations which have failed. Rome and Berlin be- lieved, as did the other capitals, in the invincibility of the Japanese forces, especially when they were confronted with a raw army like that of Chiang Kai-shek. It is considered possible that Mussolini and Hitler will concen- trate henceforth exclusively on Spain and let the Japanese stew in their own juice in the Far East, whether Russia takes a hand in the fight or not. Hitler, in such an eventuality, intends to watch the developments, and will act in accordance with the general international situation, * % % % Paraguay is in a tight spot. Two years ago, dissatisfied with the at- titude of the League in the Chaco conflict, she resigned. But she over- looked the fact that she had not paid dues for three years previous to resig- nation. 1t is all in order that the South American Republic should be officially out of the League, excépt that the statutes of the Geneva organization provide that a member must have cleared its financial obligations before retiring from the League. The Council will not permit Paraguay to take leave until all arrears are paid. (Copyright, 1937.) and every privilege. | been your viewpoint? question is closed. Senator Black: much. This has been extremely il-| judge on the bench luminating. America’s millions thank | religious and political you for your candor and logic. sound Americanism.” * x *x x *Prom Justice Black's The investigation adjourned on Fri- | Octover 1. iK]ux Klag, said: “Mr. Black has freedom radio powerful " suc- tion inthe pew Eurcks. “G-2." nun{hlmn. mattress: with the convenieat, lig] :’w Eureka Junior band clean should be invested with every dlzml}'; day, October 1, at 9:41 p.m. Asked for Has that always | a statement on the inquiry, Dr. Hiram | W. Evans, imperial wizard of the In- Justice Black: My discussion of this | visile Empire, Knights of the Ku| Thank you very| judicial mind. He will make a great | His concept of | is speech. Dr. Morsan . Headline Folk and What They Do Dr. Morgan Appears to Be Slipping as T. V. A. Head. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. ICTORY in the long battle be« tween Dr. Arthur E. Morgan and David Lilienthal of the T. V. A. apparently goes to the latter. Word from Tennessee is that the more cautious and conciliator Dr, Morgan is slipping and that Lilienthal, a bitter-ender in the power fight, will be the new king of the kilowatts. Dr, Morgan, who left the presidency of Antioch College for the T. V. A. post, has fought extremist doc= trine and meth- ods in the organe ization. He has opposed parallel- ing lines and has continually in=- sisted on bar- gaining and con- ciliation. As & schoolmaster, he never swung the big stick, and he says this is the only way. to a satisfactory conclusion of the power argument. He is 59. Mr. Lilienthal, of the up-and-coming Har- vard phalanx, so much in evidence in Washington, is 38 He craves action, and drastic action at that. He reaches for a nightstick rather than a yardstick. The tall, baldish, stooped and be- spectacled Dr. Morgan never went to college, but won his name and fame as one of the most distinguished of American educators. He ran Antioch College from 50 up to 660 students in & few years and launched a unique experiment in gearing undergraduates into working careers before he handed them their diplomas. He was born in Cincinnati and grew up in the Mississippi backwoods, farm= |ing and logging and lapping up an education from some books abandoned by a passing preacher. He was a sur- veyor and civil engineer at St. Cloud, Minn., moving into Government work in engineering drainage. He liked big jobs, such as slamming the Miami River into its proper channel. He says you can make a river behave, but you | can't make people behave just by | passing laws. The “Dr.” stems from an honorary degree handed him by | the University of Colorado in 1923. “Mystery Man” in China. Russia sends in a “mystery man” to head-on the Japanese on the Eastern border, in strategy and war talk, if not in actual fighting. He is Marskal Vassily Galents-Bluecher, commander |in chief of the Russian Army in the Far East and now said to be organe izing and directing the Chinese de- fense The mystery is mostly in the big, bucko general's early antecedents. It |is said that all of his various names | have been assumed. He was a high czarist officer in the earlier years of the World War, although his past had been revolutionary and he had been arrested. When the late Dr. Sun Yat Sen ap- pealed to Moscow for a man to organ- ize China, they sent him Gen. Galents- Bluecher. He spent several years, with Borodin and others, helping the Can- ton government set up its military establishment, until Chiang Kai-shek headed China the other way. He iz a rough talker, and a rough fighter, with heavy fists and rocky face, clanking | with medals—about 50 years old. (Copyright, 1937.) a YOU SAVE °®10= by trading in your old cleaner now. Don’t miss this great opportunity. 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