Evening Star Newspaper, January 4, 1937, Page 9

actics May Solve Troubles Roosevelt Expected to “Ride Herd” Over Clashing Forces. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. OOKING ahead| to the unknown seas of 1937, the most probable factor in the| entire Govern- ment policy is one that is de- scribable best in tefms of a single ‘word—delay. | ‘With the many qupstlons involving & sharp conflict of |view, the clash, for instance, be- tween capital and labor, or the mat- ter of getting a balanced budget through dimin- 15 hed expendi- tures or the larger problem of emending t h e Constitution or seeking to re- write invalidated laws in the hope of persuading the Supreme Court to make them valid —all these cannot be expected solution in the year This is not sagfing that progress . may not be made joward temporary adjustment, or at lgast toward a de- lineation of the issups. But the motif of Government in ifs present embar- rassing state of excess political power is to feel its way fo avoid decisions that mean upheaval and social dis- turbance. President Roosev: his enormous polifical strength, is counted upon to fyrnish the cue to governmental policf. In one sense he will, but in another sense he will wait for his own cup. Dilemma Fac¢s Roosevelt. To assume that Mr. Roosevelt has it in his hands to swing the country to the right or to the left is to mis- understand the intflhra:xnm of the David Lawrence. to find a definite 1937, 1t, by reason of last election. Basic forces, funda- mental trends, deep and underlying causes of unrest and a striving for improvement of the/low income groups the world over make Mr. Roosevelt's task hardly personal. It is not what he would like to dg but what he will be compelled to dq that counts most in appraising the fliture of the whole governmental scene. In such a dilemma it takes a mas- terful political leafer to know what to do. Democracy must be preserved, on the one hand, jand yet more and more intervention by the state into the affairs of the lindividual and his business is the inevitable trend of the times. How can individual liberty be preserved and thp welfare of the masses definitely aannnrtd by the acts of Government? |This is the true question. Mr. Roosevelt is| decisions until tl| imperative. This rpay prove his great- est asset. How to|keep matters from | reaching a crisis, ha to stall here and | adept in avoiding ey are absolutely | restrain there, how to let the forces that are in conflirt with each other | move on in their s¢parate orbits with- | out actually coming to a showdown, | this is the job for the most skillful psychologist that |public affairs has produced in the whole history of the | United States. THE EVENING News Behind the News Trade Concessions From Spain Likely to End Intervention Crisis. BY PAUL MALLON. CRATCH any of these war scares deep enough and you generally will find money was the cause of it all. Nations rarely go to war for the political reasons they discuss 20 much in public. What brings them to blows is the scramble for the almighty dollar underneath. This is the interpretation being given by the knowing to the latest public hints from Europe, indicating Mussolini, Eden, Hitler and Blum are getting ready to take a high- - . 7 minded view about Spain. The 3 brandishing of bayonets is being slowed down. Mussolini is sug- gesting to Hitler that perhaps things are going too far. Inspired dispatches suggest that maybe the big fellows had better get together and talk it over. It means they are getting ready to peel the old Spanish onlon'. Each has his slice selected. Al least this is the conclusion of those here who know their Spain and their nions. i All Mussolini wants out of it is more trade with Spain. He could not do business. with & radical government in power there. He will listen to reason if he can only get a Spanish government which will grant him trade concessions. Hitler's purposes are the same. He is far more interested in the economic advantages to be gained for Germany than in the political advantages of a Fascist Spain. He will also settle on the same basis, they say. Britain is more gentlemanly than the two European roughnecks, but not above trading for the good of the empire. The English have no reason to desire a radical or a Fascist gcvernment in Madrid. They want safeguards for Gibraltar—and trade. The smallest slice is likely to fall to France, but she is afraid of Ger- many, and may be amenable. As for Russia, no one seems to care what she thinks or does. 1t would not surprise any one here, therefore, if a settiement of the Spanish problem is reached shortly on the usual commercial basis. * Kk K k. The Australian ballot system being used in the House leadership elec~ tion has developed a political technique known as the Australian crawl. Somehow it always brings out the worst in members of Congress to permit them to vote in secret. Anything imaginable about the secret voting of 333 skillful politicians can happen, and generally does, although no one is ever able to find out about it, not even the participants. As & mild example of the known inside cross and double cross- nts: S uThe White House announced it was neutral. But the White House ligison man with Congress, Interior Undersecretary Charles West, has been working his fingernails blunt, scratching for Mr. Rayburn. So has Presidential Adviser Tom Corcoran. Chairman Farley is neutral, also, but his Friday man, Emil Hurja, has been edging around corners in the House Office Building for Rayburn. Vice President Garner has been openly for Rayburn, buttonholing the older Representatives and sitting in at the head of the Rayburn strategy table. All of which means, although no one will be able to prove it, the administration prestige is irretrievably bound up in the campaign of Rayburn. His defeat would be a sad biow at the outset of Congress, * ok k% On the outside, the Rayburn-O'Connor contest has been a war of statements. On the inside, it has been mostly hair pulling. The boys even got down to arguing religion and talking about who drinks what and how much. The leadership job is not so much. What makes the fight more im« portant is that whoever wins expects to become Speaker eventually. One of O'Connor's inside difficulties has been rivalry with Repre- sentative Tom Cullen of Brooklyn. Cullen is known as the head of the Tammany delegation, although (few know it) he is not a Tam- many member. Both candidates have offered all sorts of service to get the votes of new members. Rayburn opened his office to one who had not yet been assigned an office of his own. ‘The Representative who pledges his support to both O'Connor and Rayburn did so on the same day, marching directly from the office of one to the other. Efforts to develop a North-South fight have rot proved very success- ful. Rayburn’'s strength comes largely from the West and North. O'Con- nor is strong in the South. (Copyright. 1 STAR, WASHING tr}u' opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves an directly opposed to The Star’s, We, the People Resignation of Dickinson Calls Attention to Weak Spot in Administration. BY JAY FRANKLIN. NE of the more amusing draw- ings of 1936 showed a foot ball player, his face con- torted with pain, being carried from the fleld on a stretcher, ile the cheer leader announced: “A short cheer, fellow! He only broke his collar bone!” The resignation of John Dickinson from his post in the Department of Justice as Assistant Attorney Gen- eral in charge of anti-trust prosecu- tions calls for something short and snappy from the New Deal cheering section. It has long been rumored around Washington that Roosevelt's gangling Attorney General, Homer 8. Cummings, has been sitting down on & large number of briefs prepared by junior brain trusters, briefs which propose to have the Government get really tough with some of the big corporations. There is also the known fact that Mr. Dickinson is a strong supporter of the national “avail- ability” of Gov. Earle of Pennsylvania. So Dickinson’s return to the teach- ing of law at the University of Penn- sylvania—and to private practice inm Philadelphia—may not be the polit- ical “tragedy” which Tugwell's resig- nation seemed to some Ardent New Dealers. His resignation does, however, call attention to the fact that the Depart- ment of Justice—in which Dickinson was one of the strongest men—is still one of the weakest spots in the Roose- velt administration. The old tradi- tion that Justice serves as a sort of post-graduate course for ambitious lawyers headed for corporate practice does not die easily. The typical Jus- tice attorney is still a pushover in the Federal courts for lawyers of the brains and reputation of a John W. Davis or a Newton D. Baker. With J. Edgar Hoover'’s G-man ballyhoo and Mr. facts have been forgotten, but it of laws, not men,” our national legal department is a mere prep-school as compared to the great- varsity law preserve the capitalistic system. This | must be inferred from his attitude | ! since the election. He has not adopted { toward the minority that fought him | bitterly any position which indicates & desire to destroy them or thelr busi- nesses. He has recognized the im- portance of national unity. But Mr. Roosevelt has troubles on his left flank as well as on his right. | The course of a middle-of-the-roader | is always delicate and dangerous. The John Lewis forces, for instance, sup- ported Mr. Roosevelt because of & belief that they could draw him fur- and further toward Government in- tervention in their behalf. The Pres- ident knows the extent to which labor contributed to his election. He will not, therefore, allow a situation to develop if he can which makes him | do the deciding between the rival Mr. Roosevelt mry or may not know 1t but his capacity to keep the Nation | moving consciously toward recovery, | his power to dirept the Nation's on- legislative sense this coming session of Congress. To forget his campaign pledges of a better life for the low-income groups is to arouse the passions of those groups and to hand on a platter to men of the John Lewis type a new political power in America. How, then, can Mr. Roosevelt stop Government spending and get a bal- ment can withdraw now is to assume that recovery of a natural sort is here. Actually we are living in an artificial economy. A great experiment in Gove | ernment spending and fending began | during the Hoover administration with | the creation of the R. F. C. and was intensified under the Roosevelt ad- | ministration. It has emphasized for the first time in our history the ca- points of view. He will depend, in- stead, on those slow processes of ad- Jjustment which involve delay without naaking him seem dilatory. Mr. Roosevelt, therefgre, will move cautiously, slowly, circumspectly, with an eye on public opinion, and that's why America today has a chance to win her battles against depression’s aftermath if public opinion is out- Cummings’ geniality, the | megsage to the exiled Duke of Windsor | (Edward VIII to us) shows how poli- remains true that, in “a government | firms on which big business depends for advice and protection. The death of Arthur Brisbane re- moves our best-paid columnist from the journalistic scene—the man who raised compression of his ideas to the level of a mass-production industry. It is only fair to state that Brisbane’s ideas lent themselves to compression. No one can be consistently profound every day for 40 years. And there are some things—such as sonnets, soap- bubbles and real estate prices—where compression is the last thing you want. Yet Brisbane’s short-sentence, monosyllabic “I-see-the-cat™ style made journalistic history. It junked the elaborate and scholarly editorial argument, insisted on a facade of fact for its assertions, and addressed the masses from the front pages. Yet, aside from its famous interest in the strength of the gorilla, it is impossible to recollect any particular cause, any great human ideal or hope, any passionate or crusading convic- tion, behind the daily drip-drip-drip of pithy paragraphs under Arthur Brishane’s signature. His column influenced the style of a whole generation of newspaper men; its influence on the thought of his age and generation seems to have been little. From first to last, Bris- bane was & “success-story.” He was spoken of as “the highest-paid news- paper writer in America,” never as the most brilliant or most influential pub- licist. His carer made very cub re- porter believe that he carried in his typewriter the check book of finan- cial independence which symbolized the ambition of two whole generations of American businessmen. So it is that his death is more of a loss to the newspaper profession than to the American people. British Election Predicted. David Lloyd George's Christmas eve tics will grab the incident of Edward's enforced abdication to promote the purposes of British ppliticians. Lloyd George, England's great war-time prime minister, was driven from power by Stanley Baldwin 14 years ago, when the Tories wrecked the coalition government. Lloyd George, as representative of the nonconformist middle classes of England and Wales, is one of Eng- land’s most adroit opportunists and his expression of sympathy for Ed- ward suggests that the British “hor- | ror” of divorce runs no deeper than did prohibition sentiment in this country. More and more, it seems impossible for the Tory government to avoid a general election in the course of the coming year. Only by a radical change of policy both at home and abroad can the British conservatives allay the popular unrest which showed itself, at the time of !:dwnrd‘a“.r“u Representative's abdication, in the form of huge, popu- lar, favor of the man whom Baldwin bullied and the bishops badgered out of his lawful kingdom. (Copyright. 1937.) TON, D. C, MONDAY, JANUARY 4, 1937. This Changing World Inspiration of Other Countries Seen in Basques’ Rumpus With Germany. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. HE Basques are hardy people, unafraid of anybody. But even so, it is not conceivable that their proud attitude toward Germany and her brand-new warships can be anything but “inspired.” Berlin sees the hand of the U. 8. 8. R. behind the Basques. Rome sees Blum's slender fingers. Be it as it may, there is no doubt that the present rumpus between the two-by-four republic and the German Reich is meant %o bring the other nations into play. Eden is licking his chops. There is & good chance of another inter- national conference to prevent the “ruthless capture of shipping on the high seas by foreign war ves- sels.” The idea of an international sea patrol might be revived. The French foreign office remembers once more the words of the wise foreign secretary, Aristide Briand, when confronted with a difficult situation: “Don’t worry; these matters will arrange themselves ¢ * ¢ for the worst.” * % x % The British-Italian agreement finally has been signed. It is merely & restatement of their respective positions in the Mediterranean. Mus- solini, as it was expected by unbiased observers, did not throw his part- ner, Hitler, overboard. For the time being they have too many interests in common. Later * ® * that will be another matter. In the present structure of the world, there is no such a thing as a lasting friendship among nations, Their relationship is dictated exclusively by political interests and is changeable. Therefore, no- body will be surprised, once the present crisis is over, if the Italians become again friends with the British and the Prench, friends with the Russians. There is mo chance, however, that Mussolini will change toward Hitler under the present circumstances. Undoubtedly Il Duce is exerting a mildly restraining influence over Der Fuehrer. He is urging him not to push to the limit his policies to- ward Spain, unless under direct and immediate provocation. And for some unknown reason the Spanish government seems to encourage Ger- many's aggressive attitude. The beginning of this year will see again food rationing on a large scale in the Reich. Cartoonists will have to change their drawings. In- stead of depicting a fat individual with a large stein of beer, the modern German will have to be shown as a lean and hungry-looking fellow. Supplies of butter, lard, pork and bacon will be regulated in accordance to the size of the family—regardless to the wealth of the individual. Families have been warned that a semi-vegetarian diet must be observed. There will be, however, no restriction on potatoes, home-grown vegetables, fish, rabbit and skimmed milk. In these the Reich is self-sufficient. 3 Germany has learned a great lesson in the last war, namely, that military victories are nullified by economic inefficiency. Hence food ration- ing and regulations concerning conditions of work and the execution of contracts. * % % x ‘This vear's French budget is an interesting study. Only 30 per cent of the expenses are devoted to non-military activities. The balance is being spent either on payments for the last wars or preparations for the future war. BPublic debt service (to pay for the last campaigns) takes 22 per cent, penzions and other arrears of the last war are estimated at 31 per cent. Expenses for national defense amount to 27 per cent. Soviet writers are inclined to be lazy when they hit a best seller. Once they produce such a book they live - o on its royalties for s number of E > 2z ?‘;«Q‘ years. Under the Soviet system ,' = @ more popular books are issued in 30 M or more editions. It is not surprising to hear that many Russian writers draw more than $50,000 a year on royalties. In addition, some of them are drawing advances on books they promised to write as far back as five years ago, but owing to their new prosperity they have never written them. A new law is being enforced now prohibiting the payment of royal- ties as a means of inducing writers to be more creative. Headline Folk and What They Do Progress in Stabilization of Broad A Is Fea- ture of Year. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. HE old year made a Garrison fin- ish, not only in science, but in the arts. Ranging from the surrealists and their fur-lined teacup to the art of speech, there was concentration on the latter, as the year came to an end, with, of course, many fur-lined tongues on the morn- ing after. ¥ A half dozen big universities are taking on speech specialists and, all in all, the American language—a phrase which doesn’t infuriate the British the way it used to—seems to be in for quite a considerable over- hauling. The professors will, as usual, be gunning for solecisms, but it appears to this writer that they don’t go in for elegant speech or linguistic trim- mings as they did back in the days of Spencerian penmanship. Dr. Ray K. Immel, dean of the School of Speech of the University of Southern California, is one of the most authoritative and eminent of the speech doctors. He brings in the new year with the announcement that they are getting the broad A under control, and that the year has marked great progress in its stabilization, along with the French franc and the forward pass. It is simmering down, says Dr. Immel, somewhere between “lafl” and “lawfl.” Maine and Ver- mont may be possible exceptions, bul elsewhere that’s how it is. Dr. Immel is one of the few old- line professors of oratory—that was his post at Muskingum College—who have survived under the freer catch- as-catch-can rules of work-a-dav speech which now prevail. We had Prof. Fordyce P. Cleaves, irreverently known as “Four-Spot.” He had a speech rubric, with gestures to match, which he established as immutable, meriting veneration like the Supreme Court. He was a Bostonian. If he is ve today, the fall of the broad A and not Edward's abdication is the story of the century. Alert and adaptable, Dr. Immel takes into account radio, the popu- lation flux brought about by the auto- mobile, urbanization and other factors which fire the melting pot of speech. It is interesting that word of this | fusion should come from Southern | California, where more different kinds of A's rub shoulders than anywhere in the country. Dr. Immel is & na- tive of West Gilead. Mich., educated at Albion College and the University | of Michigan. He has held his present faculty post since 1924. (Copyright, 1837.) 'MAVERICK FOR LAW unorganized demonstrations in | Democrat, of Texas, who said his — great-great-great-garndfather was Col. Charles Lynch and responsible for the ! Lynch law, came out yesterday for a TO PREVENT LYNCHING Lyach Jax. came out o Great | “I think it's time,” he said, “that, At- the South, as well as the North, con- Great-Great-Grandfather Was |demns lynching, not only by speeches, Col. Charles Lynch. but by laws. Last year there was less lynching than at any time in the his- Representative Maury Maverick, | tory of the United States, but all of it was in thé South.” | Springfield, —e Christmas of 0ld Described. The Illinois State Journal thus de- scribes Christmas day 80 years ago in I, in Lincoln's day: “Christmas was a delightful day, just mild and just cold enough for fun, and the juvenile portion of the town made the most of it. Such a popping of fire- crackers and explosion of gunpowder at every turn and corner was a cau- | tion to timid ladies and scary horses.” ward march totard the ultimate anced budget? The answer is that he pacity of the Federal Government to | spoken and responsive to events as goal—stability ard equilibrium—will ' will not try to do it immediately. affect the economic welfare. they develop. be tested by what| he tries to do in a | To argue that the Federal Govern-| Mr. Roosevelt sincerely wants to (Copyright, 1237.) 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