Evening Star Newspaper, September 30, 1936, Page 9

FERANTAD” P * SPARED CRITISH Only Social Security Feature Not Self-Supporting Well Under Way. The far-reaching eflects of the few social security program, now @ leading topic in the national pos litical fleld, are discussed her in the eleventh of a series of articles based on a first-hand survey of the operation of the system in sevetal States, as well as of the central ad- ministration in Washington. BY BLA MOODY. There is one part of this social se- eurity program that has swung into stride quickly and almost without criticism. And, strangely enough, it is the only part that makes no pretense of being self-supporting. It will be borne wholly by the genenl taxpayers. It is the “grant-in-aid” system, un- der which Uncle Sam, matching dpllar for dollar appropriations made by the States, provides assistance to the needy aged, the blind and mothers with dependent children. While the contributory old-age annuity and the employer-financed unemployment com- pensation plans have been beset by hurdles and complications, the se- curity board’s “assistance division.” under Jane M. Hoey, New York social ‘worker, is pouring out approximately $80,000,000 in straight pensions this year as the Government's share of a $160.000,000 relief program for these specific classes of the poor. ‘The very fact that there has been no attempt to make this undertaking pay for itself, and could be none since the | people being aided have no jobs or‘ resources, is one of the principal rea- | sons it has not been put under fire. Mere Item in Budget. For while the money will all have to come out of the taxpaying public, it | will be buried as a mere item in the general budget, and carries no irritat- ing pay-roll tax, such as that which has stirred a hubbub in some quarters against the annuity and compensation programs. The taxpayers always seem to like a levy better, or at least swal- low it with less distaste, if it comes sugar-coated. They want to be allowed to forget they are paying. But there is a deeper reason why the assistance program has so far run the economic and political gantlet un- ; scathed. This is the growing social consciousness of the Nation, bringing general realization that something along this line must be done. Pressure from the followers of Dr. Francis E. Townsend and other visionary or Vicious pled pipers has made it ap- parent that the question of widespread aged indigency can no longer be ig- nored. Beside Townsend's $200-a- month panacea, the Government's $30-a-month program assumes the mantle of “Coolidge economy.” This section of the security act is built on the premise that a strictly relief job, which this is, can be better handled by the States than by one centralized bureau. It leaves full power of administration in State hands. except for a few general requirements for “decent standards.” It directs the Security Board to pay one dollar to a State for each one dol- lar of its own spent to support an aged or blind person, and one dollar for each two dollars the-State spends for & mother with dependent children. It limits the Government’s share to $15 & month for the blind and aged, $6 a month for a mother and one child, and $4 for additional children. Starts Other Programs. 1t also starts, in a small way, Fed- eral-State programs of maternal care and vocational training and offers an incentive for improvement of State health services. At the.vigorous in- eistence of a highly incensed “doctor's lobby.” & proposed system of health insurance, in which medical and hos- pital care would have been assured in return for payment of a “premium,” ‘was stricken from the act. ‘To get this money, a State must make eligibility rules satisfactory to the Security Board. It must not re- quire 'too long a residence in a State by a person seeking to qualify for a pension and, within the next few years, must reduce its eligible age to 65 years if it now exceeds that. The Federal funds must be administered in a manner satisfactory to the board. If they are, the Government adds 5 per cent to its grant for administrative costs. Now this 1s no new idea. A num- ber of States have been pensioning their needy aged for years. But the entrance of the Government has pumped new life into an old and slow- moving idea. It has revamped and revitalized the whole system. It has made it mone- tarily worth while for States that have previously neglected the matter to enact pension laws, and it has pro- vided impetus for other States to un- | prove their laws. Liberal political leaders, such nl Gov. Herbert H. Lehman of New York, are using the standards of the Fedgral act to force through higher standards in their State acts. They are taking more needy into the fold of their State programs without additional cost to local taxpayers. New York's recent reduction of the pension age limit from 70 to 65, for instance, will ap- proximately double the cost of that State's pension program, from $15,- 000,000 to $30,000,000—with Uncle Sam absorbing the increase. Vast Number of “Clients.” Already 500,000 aged families in 30 States are drawing from the United Btates Treasury sums up to $15 & month, which are doubled by their States. Similarly, 15,000 blind “clients” are drawing an average of $25 a month, while some 75,000 families are receiving aid for dependent children. The comparatively parsimonious Pprovisions of the act regarding chil- at the Brightwood School. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, You;ig ‘Washington . | not wasted. Wanna buy a duck? These are twins, “Oscar” and “Dor.ald,” being held by Joseph Todd, left, and Joxeph Charles Waucms Joseph is the son of Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Todd, 1417 Longfellow street, while the Watkins boy’s Charles B. Watkins, 5604 Fourteent Tomorrow: of Mr. and Mrs. Oral Ketcham, at the Wallach School. arents are Mr. and Mrs. street. They are students Alfred Ketcham, son ~—Star Staff Photo. | dren can scarcely be explained except hy the fact that the youngsters have | no vote, while mothers without financial resources do not comprise a strong pressure group. Authorities point out that the act is notably less generous in its gesture toward keeping | fatherless familles together than lo-‘ ward the aged and blind, who are perennially represented by effective lobbies on Capitol Hill. Prof. Edwin E. Witte, who was ex- ecutive secretary of the President's Committee on Economic Security, points out that in its original draft of the act the committee, far from “squeezing” the young by the $6-a- menth maximum, put in no maximum at all | “The $6 maximum, which means 318 a month for a mother and one | child if the State contributes twoe ALL AMERICA VOTES FOR ' DODGE ECONOMY! Owners Everywhere Per Gallon! Costs Just a Few Dollars More Than Lowest-Priced Cars! San Antonio 18 Miles per Gallon! “My 1936 Dodgeis the best looking and the most eco- nomical car 1 have ever owned —andI haveowned and driven lots of them,’’ says Dr. FrankP. Davis. “I have aver- aged 18 miles to the gallon of gas ~— quite & saving when you figure by on a yearly basist” a San Francisco 22 Miles per Gallon! “Every time 1 drive my big, new money - saving Dqdge, I get a new thyill,” says Mrs. ¥ Theodore Cherin. % “It’s so good look- ing—andsoutterly dependable. And Bat’s not all. My new Dodge is giv- fing me over 22 { miles toa galion of gas...I never buy any oil between drains.” Philadelphia 21 Miles per Gallon! “] had a long mp to make recently,” | says Henry Rein- bolt, “and 1 avers aged a little over 21 miles to the gallon of gas. I bought my new Dodge because of its striking lines and appearance. You can imagine how gratifying it was to have it prove its economy ...and what per- formance!” h-tnyw-ndnmmmmm buying Dodge cars than any other mhmmclnthmbw-n priced cars? Report 18 to 24 Miles | DODGE Division of Chrysier Corporati NOMORE UGLY CORNS New Triple-Action Method p rubbing ing of shoes, and you'll stop corns before they can start! ‘This remarkable triple-action is not possible by.any other method. No fuss, nd bother, no risk of infection. Don’t accept @ substitute for this medically thirds of it,” Witte explains, “was stuck in as an afterthought when a member of a House committee sug- gested that it be set at the same figure as is given children of veterans, for- getting that the widow of a veteran gets an additional $30 a month. “Since the States have to put up twice as much money in proportion for children as for the blind and D. aged, fewer have taken advanfage of the Federal offer. It is & pity. There are more mothers with dependent chil- | dren in the country than old folks, sbout 350,000 families—10 per cent of the relief load.” Children Needing Aid. Miss Hoey estimates 1,000,000 de- pendent children need aid. “By caring for them in their homes, the Government would be making a wise investment in future citizens,” says Miss Hoey. “Home life offers the sense of solidarity and ‘belonging.” the give-and-take and sharing with others that make a solid bedrock for character and good citizenship.” Gov. Lehman used the current dra- matic success of Broadway, “Dead End,” a story of crime and human tragedy bred by slums, to illustrate his point. “There is nothing more expensive to this country, either in monetary or human costs, than crime and de- linquency,” said, the Governor, most of whose program was blocked by a partisan Legislature. “Money spent on social service is It pays real dividends, not only in health and happiness and contentment among the people, but in the long run in dollars and cents. “Society meets the bill in some way; why not do it right? New York has made a desirable investment of ap- proximately $75,000,000 in eradicating C, bovine tuberculosis. Other States spend plenty on animals. “Why not on human beings?” (Cepyright 1936, by the North Americen Newspaper Allisnce, Inc.) ey PACTS HELD BOOST TO FOREIGN TRADE Assistant Secretary of State Sayre Addresses Merchant Marine Conference. By the Associated Pross. BOSTON, September 30.—Substi-~ tution of the *‘most-favored-nation” policy of foreign commerce for inter- national “horse trading,” Assistant Secre'ary of State Francis B, Sayre declared last night, “is removing bar- riers against American goods in fore elgn markets.” In an address prepared for delivery before the tenth annual American merchant marine conference, Sayre asserted the trade agreements act, passed by Congress in 1934, had “in no small degree” aided in bringing about “an unmistakable and contin- uing gain in American foreign trade.” The trade agreements, sald Sayre, “are already bearing fruit, not merely in a few detached instances, but along a widespread front. Increased fore eign markets can be secured by recip- "SALADA' --The richer The Maximum of Service MAIN OFFICE F STREET AT 9TH This Picture Book Free The MEmBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM AND PEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OUR CUSTOMERS RECEIVE THE MAXIMUM OF MODERN BANKING SERVICE BECAUSE WE HAVE Ist—Departments for every finanecial function. 2nd—Officers with experience of many years. 3rd—Directors of highest character and ability. 4th—Resources ample for all requirements. 5th—Two banks most conveniently located. WASH][NGTON Loan and Trvst Company WEST END BRANCH 17TH STREET AT G “Mother told me all about Dairyland where the American Stores get Louclla Butter. Now that I know what is done before Mother can buy this good butter at the American Store near our home, it tastes even better than ever before. I'm sure other boys and girls, and their mothers and fathers too, will enjoy read- ing this wonderful story of how good Louella is made.” Little Alice is a better Louella Booster because she knows the facts. The fertile green, lake- cooled pastureland, the high-bred, well-gr oomed cows furnishing the delicious sweet cream, modern sani- tary creameries, up-to-the-minute buttermaking and handling equip- ment, an and the most rigid inspec- tions and tests, all play interesting for the Asking in Our Stores BUTTER THE FINEST BUTTER IN AMERICA SOLD IN ALL AMERICAN STORES A NI~ |STORES CO A N A INIV parts in this very fascjnating story. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1936. rocal agreements and are actually be- ing secured today in increasing degree as the trade agréements program goes forward.” He told the shippers that he looked forward “to the day of a strength- ened and rejuvenated American mer- chant marine.” Peoria Pastor Made Bishop. PEORIA, IIl, Septembef 30 (#)— Rev. William L. Easex, pastor of St. Paul's Church here, amid impressive pomp and ceremony yesterday became Bishop of the Quincy Diocese of the Protestant Episcopal Church. - = = THE {# P2 = = = = S . = = # 3 = = = = gzfz8z = S = Rz z0z0: ARGENTINECORN IN U. S. luoooo Bushels to Invade Amer-| ican Farm Belt. CHICAGO, September 30 (#).—Corn {rom Argentina was scheduled yester- day to make its first invasion into America’s farm belt in the next 10 . A cargo of 100,000 bushels will be received here by the Cargill Grain Co. shortly, brokers said, and another cargo will be brought here for Rosen- baum Bros. More shipments proba o B wsm BT wom B ww B wow Y wow B wsw TAILORED BY A—Y y bly will follow before the close of lake | pavigation, they said. ‘The South American grain will come | into the Chicago market both from the South, over the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, and from the East, throuxra the Great Lakes, the brokers lares Coronation Next May. King Edward VIII of Ingland's coronation date is set for May 12, 1937, and seat prices along the route ’o{ the procession have “soared to |as much as $200 for a small chair | on a precarious roof ledge.” su Gy wou B wom BT wou This Fall Al Amesica is Joining Hollywood and Europe in Wearing HART SCHAFFNER & MARX Thousands wore the Continental for the first time dus Spring. And what a smash hit it was. The counu'y’l bm- dressed men said it was one of the smartest ideas that ever came from the continent. Stop in.and see the Continental for yourself. Try one onand notice the trimmer effect . . . the athletic shoulders,’ higher waistline, plaited vest and trousers. It adds icches to men of regular build, makes heavier men look remarke ‘ably. youthful. You'll be especially taken by the way Hart Schaffner & Marx have added style-in-pattern to style-in-model. 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