Evening Star Newspaper, July 5, 1936, Page 48

8 * Rabbits Used Designed to in Research | Aid Aviatorsl Human Skulls Also Part of Experimental‘ Equipment of Laboratory in Which Army Seeks Needful Data. By John Frazier. OU wouldn't believe that rab- bits and old human skulls had | any value to aviation, would | you? But they have. Out at Wright Flying Field, Dayton, Ohio, where the United States Army Air Corps has established recently a medi- cal laboratory these are now belng‘ used to study the physiological effects of flying. For instance, rabbits are taken and placed in sealed containers. Then, | into this chamber is pumped carbon | monoxide gas in varying quantities. ‘When the rabbit has been subjected | to the desired amount of this poison | gas it is removed from the container and a sample of its blood taken. The | idea is to learn just how much carbon | monoxide the blood can absorb before | “knocking out” the flyer, causing a | fatal crash. | Other experiments with carbon mon- oxide gas in which rabbits are used | are those which seek to determine the effect of its frequent use, oxygen re- | quirements of sealed and super- charged cabins to combat its poisonous | fumes and the effect of carbon diox- | ide and oxygen mixtures at high al- titudes. Another interesting experiment has to do with the influence of oxygen | upon the teeth. This is where the | human skull comes in. The aban- doned skull is fitted with human teeth. Some of these are filled with gold: some are filled with amalgan. The skull with its various kind of teeth is now subjected to oxygen tests in both forms. These tests are conducted un- der varying temperatures. “Blacking out” is something else these medical air experts are intcrested in knowing something about. Making dives, performing loops. banking —how much centrifugal force is required to blank the mind by pulling the blood away from the head? AN EMINENT German scientist, working with dogs. has found out that they. when subjected to these bigh centrifugal forces, develop small | hemorrhages of the brain. May we | expect the same for human beings? ‘The new laboratory will endeavor to folve this question in the interest of aviation | The problem of freezing for the fiyer in the open cockpit is another question up for solution by the laboratory sci- engists. No matter how much clothing a fiyer may put on it is impossible for him to keep warm in an open cockpit. And, in the case of the fighter, heavy clothing hampers his ability to man- euver his plane. Therefore. some method must be devised to stop all drafts in open cockpits, some method of heating the fighter's ccmpartmen! To this end all manner of experi= ments with heat, elcctrically created. | are under way by the laboratory. | There are all manner and types of goggles heated by elcctricity to keep | them from frosting and thus blinding the fiyer. The same applies to gloves. Experiments are being conducted with different types of these to find out the most efficient kind. There are fingered gloves. mitts; gloves of differ- ent material. different quality and tex- tures. Heating of cockpits satisfac- torily would eliminate many of these | small heating requirements, | One of the most interesting things | discovered by the laboratory is the fact that the efficiency of the nveraue: pilot is reduced 23 per cent at the temperatures prevailing at a height of 10.000 feet in the United Stales.‘ How bring up this efficiency ratio? | Here again enters the question of | the heated cockpit or cabin. Another question to be worked out is how much carbon monoxide will | the blood absorb at low temperatures in high altitudes? | | 'HE new physiological laboratory is the direct result of the tremen- | dous strides made by aviation in the past 15 ‘years. Speed hes shot up like a rocket. Man, not being a bird, or of that family even, is com- | pletely out of his environment in the | air. He must, therefore, proceed cautiously, and by the rule of ex- perience, and test as he takes to the air and begins to increase his speed there mechanically. The effect of flight in every con- | ceivable manner must be known by him upon his body if he is to con- tinue to fly and increase his speed in the air from 60 to 500 miles per hour. Higher altitudes mean the study of oxygen supply for this de- creases as we begin to ascend at greater heights. | Belore goin; into the problem of the medical laborato: where the physiological effect of flying is being established on = scientific refutable basis, there was little to guide the flying medicos. Now they hope to build u> a vast volume of research that will be of intense value to all flying ambitions. The present laboratory, as de- fined by the Air Corps, is “to con- duct research in connection with the development of flying equipment and accessories to the end that the efficiency, health and lives of per- sonnel be protected.” This line of study is quite different from the line that has been in force for years by the Air Corps—the line of “oc- cupational” “influences and illnesses and their cures.” Women (Continued From Second Page.) hung to the outside of the opened window of the family living room a wooden built-up boxlike frame, com- | pletely encasing it. This box is filled | with soft straw over which Water | trickles. Inside the room. hanging | from the ceiling, is a large wooden | fan that is kept rotating. and which draws through the window the mois- tured air. Visit her on a dry, stifling aay and her pride in her success at keeping the home cool and humid is justified. Miss Arizona is not known for her looks and style. Paris fashions hold no interest for her. But she has a great interest in what is going on in art, literature and politics in the out- &ide world. The women tell me that whether it be in the city proper or in the small communities of the valley you can get a woman’s club started eny day. RS. HOUSEWIFE is always anx- jous to study languages, litera- ture and music. There is a Saturday | morning harmony class; on Wednes- tiay afternoon German and French groups and other clubs functioning in an effort to bring to the family the | culture of the outside world. A moth- | er's ambition is that her children take | music and dancing lessons. She ex- | pects them to go to college, for Ari- | rona offers many educational advan- | tages to her people. She wants to prepare them for that day when they | will be in one of the great centers of learning. tar away from the hot sands. Somewhat like those tall sentinels | of mystery which guard the secrets of the desert, Arizona's women may look with longing eyes both east and west, but she stands gallantly by her | homeland. Red Cross (Continued From First Page) paddles; racking and stowing; launch- ing and beaching; how to enter and move about in canoes safely; the vari- | ous kinds of special strokes, and rac- | ing and crew work. | Then, too. there is the question of | what to do when a canoe upsets, how | to use an overturned canoe as a life- raft, how to right it, the safe way of paddling in gales and heavy seas, and | the rescuing of swimmers in trouble. F COURSE. rowboats also have | their own special technique. A &mall boat is very difficult to handle in the surf. So the student must learn something of seemanship, including such rope work as knot-tying, splicing and hitches, making fast, and so on down the list. Naturally, the canoe has the advan- tage over the skiff in that it can be carried by one man. And this means & careful study of canoe packs and blanket rolls, the stowing of duffie, tracking, poling, portaging and mak- ing canoe shelters. ‘The aquatic school also includes life- saving practices with apparatus throw- ing out ring and torpedo buoys and life-lines and using the kickboard and e, Not until 6 o'clock does the after- noon session end. But this does not mean that the school day is over. Once again at 8 in the evening, the students gather in a body in the rec- reation room to hear talks and im- promptu discussions on the more gen- eral phases of water work. The topic may be the planning of a swim cam- paign, or the best ways to mark a bathing beach with protective and ‘warning signs. "These lectures are full of ideas that have been carefully worked out in practice and give the new-nedzedl teacher something solid on wkich to | procesd without wasting time or gete! 5 ting lost in bewilderment while ex- perimenting for himself. This account gives a general idea of the regular work day at the camp. In- struction and practice continue inten- sively even on Sunday, although all gather for religious exercises Sunday evening in lieu of the usual conference. Every one of the 10 days of school is crowded. An older person might naturally ex- pect the students to be fagged out and ready for bed at the close of the eve- ning’s general meeting. But they under-rate the energy and resiliency of these young people, who not only introduce songs and college yells into supper time, but usually wind up with & walk of a couple of miles or o after the last meeting is dismissed. FAVORITE of all the social stunts is the water pageant. which calls for many improvised costumes, some of them with startling effects. - The spec- tacle this year was entitled “Neptune’s Realm.” It opened after dark with the arrival of Neptune, his wife and court, on a barge. Then followed a program illustrating many forms of water work, | given in spectacle form. The evening closed with a display of fireworks. | At 9:30 daily (except for pageant | night), taps sound. Except for the | chorus of frogs down by the water, the camp is silent. As we said before, the | discipline is self-enforced. The stu- | dents are here to learn. They wanti to sleep long so as to be fresh for the | next day's work, and this means they | must let others sleep. So in the sud- den quiet one senses the seriousness and earnestness that represents the essential spirit of the Red Cross Aqua- tig School wherever found. Greek Play in Open ORIGINALLY scheduled as the first of four July festivals at the National Sylvan Theater, the Greek mythological pageant-drama, “Phae- ton, Son of Phoebus,” will be presented by members of the Arts Club next Friday night, at 8 o'clock. on the Monument slope, instead of Tuesday, as usual. ‘The play, by Miriam Hilton, is the Arts Club prige-winning drama of 1934, but until now it has not been produced. Leading roles are to be played by Maud Howell Smith, Ben Smart, Appleton Laurence, Maurice Jarvis, Charlotte Patterson, Jack Per- | Iy, Vernon Knight, Nancy Ordway | and Forney Reese. Chairs for the reserved and unre- | served sections for Sylvan Theater fes- | tivals are on sale at the Willard and | ‘Washington Hotels and at the A. A. A. | Ticket Bureau. | “Pierre Patelin” Tuesday 'HE Theater Group of the Federal | Bureau of Investigation finally i will have an opportunity to play the old French farce, “Pierre Patelin,” | next Tuesday night at the Sylvan Theater. The play, postponed three times last week because of rain and wet grounds, will be preceded by a concert by the Washington Gas Light Co. Band, scheduled to start at 8 o’clock. Irma Berry will have the only im- portant feminine role, and Pierre will be played by Francis Crane. Vincent Kirby, William Kirby and Austin Cun- ningham are others in leading parts in the cast of 40. The farce is being directed by Clarence W. Moore. S New Role for Fuzzy. FUZZY KNIGHT has just been signed for the role of the junk- yard owner in M-G-M's “The Devil Is a Sissy,” thereby virtually coms pleting the casting list. 13 In addition to Freddie Bartholg- mew, Jackie Cooper and Mickey Rooney, who are teamed in the comedy drama, the cast includes Ian Hunter. 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