Evening Star Newspaper, November 9, 1935, Page 8

A—S8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, . D. C, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1935. A S — L e CERERR e S . ., ., >R THE EVENING STAR | been siven that the pane s capsbic f | rom & sl sirace 1 o refecor wnd | No ““Metropolitan Area” THIS AND THAT ANSWERS TO BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY . November 9, 1935 THEODORE W. NOYES. - The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. e - Lake : Buropéan Omcs: 14 Resent St.. Londop. Engiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition. The Evening Star__ Evening and Sun 45¢ per month 60c per month 65¢ per month The Suiday Star.. -5c per copy Night Final Edi ght Final and Sunday Star-. Night Final Star. Collection made at, the o Orders may be sent by mail or tional 5000. 70c per month ~55¢ per month T each month. telephone Na- Dally and Sunda Daily only __. Sunday only_: Sinds Member of the Associated Press. The Assoctated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also_the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. — — The Utility Decision. The public utility holding company act has been declared unconstitutional in its entirety, in a ruling by Judge Wil- liam C. Coleman in the Federal District Court in Baltimore. This is the latest of the New Deal laws to meet a court rebuff. It begins to look as though the New Deal conception is not in line with the American system of government, a system which grants to the Federal Gov- ernment certain powers and leaves the rest to the States, a system which also undertakes to safeguard the interests of the individual American. The ruling of Judge Coleman makes it possible to expedite a final determina- tion of the constitutionality of this act by the Supreme Court of the United States. Surely the speed with which such & decision may be reached is a matter of interest. If the law is put into full force and effect and then long afterward held to be unconstitutional, irreparable wrong may have been done to many people. The administration, however, seems to take a different view. It appeared in the case as a “friend of the court,” and Government attorneys hold that since that was the case it cannot bring an appeal from the court ruling. Burco, Inc., a company formed to protect the rights of the bondholders of the Ameri- can States Public Service Company, which challenged the constitutionality of the act, appeared in the case as the defendant, upholding the validity of the law. And Burco, Inc., apparently has every intention of appealing the case and carrying it to the Supreme Court for final determination and has the legal right to do so. During the hearing of the case John J. Burns, general counsel for the Secur- ities and Exchange Commission, filed a brief in which he charged the litigants in the case with collusion to obtain an opinion on the constitutionality of the act. Here, indeed, is a strange charge. It is difficult enough, under all the in- tricacies of the law and its delays, to win a prompt decision on the constitutional- ity of a law. Judge Coleman, in his rul- ing, said: “It is not forbidden ‘collusion’ for the parties to a case, by agreement, to put it in such shape that the rights and obligations of the parties can be the more readily determined by the court, especially when matters of public mo- ment are involved requiring speedy settlement, regardless of the adverse effect upon the Government's interest.” Mr. Burns, speaking for the Govern- ment, charged that the same utility in- terests which opposed the bill before Con- gress were furthering this case to test the constitutionality of the act. That is prob- able. If the country must wait for the proponents of the act to make the test it might have to wait a long time. Mr. Burns went further and advised the coum to “proceed cautiously” in view of the “suspicious circumstances” surround- ing the case. This led Mr. John W. Davis, one of the attorneys against whom Mr. Burns had brought his charges, to remark that the Burns brief *“was below the dignity of a police court.” Judge Coleman, speaking Thursday, said that the attempt of the counsel for the Government to disparage the motives of both investors and their counsel “is not only baseless, but unworthy of any rep- resentative” of the Government and an *“unwarranted reflection” upon the court. Judge Coleman dealt exhaustively in his opinion with the public utility hold- ing company act. He held that Congress by this act had flagrantly exceeded its lawful power under the commerce clause of the Constitution. He held that the act sought to regulate all things that the electric power companies may do, intra- state as well as interstate. He denied that any “national public interest” per- mits the Government to control any ac- tivity of the people, unless the power for such regulation is delegated to the Federal Government by the Constitu- tion. He held that the Congress, by denying the use of the mails to any per- son who refused compliance with the terms of the holding company act, had exceeded its authority under the postal power granted to Congress by the Con- stitution. The country has witnessed delays in the past in bringing New Deal acts to final decision by the Supreme Court. ‘Why should there be delay? The Missing Airmen. Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith is missing in his flight from London to Australia. Since Thursday, when he left Allahabad, India, for Singapore, there has been no report from him, save one that indi- cated that his plane was fighting a storm in the neighborhood of Penang. It is feared that the winds were too strong for the machine and that a descent to the surface of the sea was forced, which would probably have been disastrous in the event of high waves resulting from the storm. Yet there is some comfort in the assurance that has ¥ / sea. Mention is made in the dispatches of the fact that the waters over which this gallant pilot and his aide were flying are thickly infested with sharks. They would probably have no terrors for the aviators In' case of a forced descent at sea, if the plane held together. Kingsford-Smith knows the ai: route between England and Australia thor- oughly, having made several flights be- tween those points. Once before he was given up for dead. In March, 1929, he and three others set out from Aus- tralia to make a record between the antipodes. Their plane was forced down in a severe storm on the northeast coast of Australia, in one of the most inacces- sible regions in the world, and for twelve days they were hunted with plapes scouring the area from which they had last sent reports. They could hear the radio messages that were being sent from the searching planes and thereby learned that they were in .cannibal country, but they could not respond. Finally they were sighted by one of the search- ing planes and were rescued. Twelve days later Kingsford-Smith and his men made a fresh start for England and set a new record, with slightly more than twelve days’' flying time. Kingsford-Smith’s achievements are so numerous and have been accom- plished in such hard conditions that it is difficult to mark any one of them as conspicuous. He has the ideal airman’s temperament, courageous, skillful and shrewd in his calculations and manipu- lation of weather conditions. There will be universal sorrow if it should prove that he has finally met his match in the elements that it has been his joy to brave and to conquer. e Exit the Steel Helmets. Fuehrer Hitler has struck another blow to symbolize Nazi omnipotency in Ger- many. He has wiped the once powerful Steel Helmets, or league of World War veterans, out of existence. With their disappearance there vanishes the mili- tant organization long feared as a pos- sible dangerous rival of the National Socialists. Hitlerism now rules supreme, with no compact opposition in sight capable of challenging its autocratic authority. Steel Helmet members, for- bidden any further political or military activities of their own, are invited to become loyal members of the one and only party tolerated in the Reich, the all-dominating Nazis. The crushing of the Stahlhelm syn- chronizes with two notable events in Germany—the official adoption of the new swastika war flag as the formal emblem of the army, navy and air force, and the twelfth anniversary of the 1923 Munich beer-hall putsch, from which ten years later, Nazidom was to emerge triumphant. Hitler today in the Ba- varian capital will dedicate with char- acteristic pomp and pageantry two ornate memorial temples, in which will be deposited the remains of the sixteen putsch “martyrs” who gave their lives for the brown shirt cause. Their resting place is henceforth to be regarded as one of Germany's national shrines. Officially, Hitler justifies the snuffing out of the Stahlhelm on the ground that the re-creation of the German Army along conscript lines fulfills the war veterans’ chief aim and that the use- fulness of their organization is therefore at an end. To soothe smoldering indig- nation among these latest victims of the Nazi mailed fist the Fuehrer adjures them that “what today appears to many Steel Helmets as a heavy sacrifice is nothing else than an evaluation of their previous work and accomplishments.” Bowing to the inevitable, Labor Minister Seldte, the Stahlhelm leader, has meekly ordered his comrades, once 800,000 strong, to dissolve, with a more or less fervent “Heil, Hitler” on their lips. Thus Nazidom forges another link in the chain which holds Germany in the iron grip of dictatorship. It is not without significance that the one inde- pendent organization that has so far offered successful resistance to the “totalitarian” state idea is the Reich League of German Officers. It, too, was once marked for slaughter, but has con- trived to maintain itself. As long as it survives the impression will persist that the army is the really governing force in Germany and the only agency ever likely to be able to threaten Hitler's power. He is apparently not yet ready to challenge its strength. An Ethiopian deserter cannot hope to attain to the dignities Esau eventually at- tained by the modernized transaction of selling his birthright for a pan of spa- ghetti. . The End of the Moon. Sir James Jeans, noted British scientist, dooms the moon to dissolution. In a lec- ture in London he has declared that the lunar satellite, which is falling toward the earth, will eventually come within the “danger zone” and break into pieces, first two, then four, then eight and even- tually into countless particles taking the form of Saturn’s rings. This is a sad prospect. The moon is such a familiar feature of man’s scope of vision, such a potent inspiration of poetry and romance, such a dependable guide to emotional reactions and, in the minds of some folks, to the routine of life, that its dissolution will be little else than a calamity. That, however, is not the con- cern of the immediate population of this planet, nor of the following, nor in fact of a great many successors. Fortunately Prof. Jeans does not deal in figures, and so there is no occasion for present lament. Still, the thought of a moonless sky, even though there may be luminosity re- flected by a mass of moon dust gathered into annular form, is not a happy one. Indeed the suggestion of a nocturnal light source that is no more than the ghost of the disintegrated moon is rather uncanny. To be sure, the moon's light is only reflected, that errant bit of earth matter that went out on its own ages upon ages ago having no luminosity or heat, and there would be no particular difference between moonlight coming 5 % 7 of a broken moon. Sir James says that in this long timé to come when the moon has shivered into atoms the earth will have a continuous moonlight. That, it might be assumed, means that there will be no “phases,” no new, middle-aged or full moon, but just & constant glow of minor {llumination of unvarying intensity. This, it would seem, calls for explanation even though the contingency is quite remote. If the moon breaks up into particles and remains as a stellar entity it will probably hold its place and will follow the earth as faith- fully as it has in the past and as at present. Therefore, there will be times when the reflecting rings of moondust will be partly obscured from the sun by the body of the earth, which now makes the lunar phases and should by all logical reasoning continue to make phases in the hereafter of pulverization. But these are rather idle speculations inasmuch as short of some celestial new deal that sets up an entirely different natural law the moon that millions of generations of humanity have known will remain intact for as many more to come. The political use of relief money is disclaimed by Mr. Hopkins despite the fact that a campaign fund may assert itself almost to the degree of pathos as in need of relief. Tourists should be encouraged. Noth- thing broadens the mind ‘like travel. More tourists should come over from Europe to see Niagara Falls and the Yel- lowstone Park. — e President Roosevelt saw his sons in- itiated into the Third Degree of Masonry. There are some little secrets which even the First Lady of the Land cannot expect to share. ) Home loan projects will test the powers of Government even to the extent of showing what it knows about the real estate business. e Occasionally Trotsky writes an article | to show that while not sharing honors bestowed on Lenin, he, too, is in a fair state of preservation. ——————————— Taxpayers might find the situation easier if they could demand an exact accounting of all the money hold-up men | take from innocent bystanders. Italy has its lobbyists in Ethiopia who know how to exercise the powers of free lunch even to the extent of influencing | deserters. e A Russian ballet comes around from | time to time to remind a beauty-loving | public that there is still a leg of nations. e Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Art Deterioration. “Wars are not what they used to be,” Said Hezekiah Bings. “Not like the pictures folks might see ‘When warriors were kings. “When shining helmets they would wear And put upon display A horse’s mane combed out with care Instead of a toupee. “No glittering armor we behold, No elephants arrayed In splendor, as in days of old, Appear in the parade. “A warrior bold must now prepare To fight, as well as sleep Without a word of protest where The mud is three feet deep. “And so, however, fancy free To picturesqueness clings, Wars are not what they used to be,” Said Hezekiah Bings. Why Find Fault? “Did the elections please you?” “Certainly,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “There is no use of being a fault finder. This trend they indicate may with a little correction here and there be rendered quite satisfactory.” Jud Tunkins says people pay too much attention to poetry. A few high browsers think the United States Constitution can't be such great literature, simply because it wasn't written in free verse. . War Mechanism, Machine guns we must surely dread. We fear another weapon ‘When terror from the sky is spread And there’s more gas to step on. There is & sound that leaves us scared Amid the roar and rattle, With old cash registers repaired And carried into battle. Art and Nature, “Can art compete with nature?” “Never!” said the ballet master. “There never was a manufacturer of artificial limbs who could hope to develop prize winners in a beauty contest.” Man the Voting Animal. The ballot is our joy and pride As it has been of yore. Until it leaves us satisfled We're going to vote some more. The sun will set and then ascend, New scenes we must explore. Perhaps till time itself shall end ‘We're going to vote some more. “De landlord has his troubles,” said Uncle Eben. “He wants his rent to help keep de tax collector off his neck.” Useful Hole. From the Bolse Idaho Statesman. A deep chasm, or fissure, is reported to have been opened in Montana by the re- cent earthquakes there. Perhaps that's nature’s way of providing a place for For the Nation’s Capital To the Editor of The Star: Your valuable paper probably never contained a greater collection of inaccu- racies and fallacies than is found in an interview with Frederic A. Delano, printed on page B-1 November 3, 1935, The first error is the term “metropoli- tan area” applied to Washington. This designation is an importation from Eng- land. The City of London, originally small in area and population, is now extended over a “metropolitan area” of great extent and enormous population. London has a legitimate “metropolitan area.” Washington has no so-called “metro- politan area.” It has jurisdiction over nothing. Washington City is merely the “Federal Capital,” lawfully restricted to the legal boundaries of Washington as they existed in 1871 and of George- town as they existed in 1895. It is merely a part of the District of Columbia area, which is the seat of Government of the United States. New York City, claiming a population of 10,901,434 (census of 1930) for fits “metropolitan area,” counts in over 3,000,000 persons living in Connecticut and New Jersey. It has no jurisdiction over adjoining States; merely working in New York City gives no citizen or resident rights to inhabitants of Con- necticut and New Jersey. New York City cannot extend its ‘‘metropolitan area” to contiguous States, because it cannot exercise any such jurisdictional power there as London has and does over ad- Jjoining counties. States cannot make treaties. To add additional area to the District of Co- lumbia, the people concerned should first vote to find out if a large majority approved. Next an act of the State Legislature should be applied for, to see if all the people of the State are willing to part with any of its territory. If favorable in these two respects, the State Legislature should then pass an act of cession or retrocession. It would further be necessary to secure accept- ance of the area by Congress, But the District of Columbia cannot be more than ten miles square without an amend- ment to the Constitution of the United States. Any parts of Maryland or Virginia added to the District of Columbia must be governed exactly the same as other parts of the District. There can be no voting rights for some that are not extended to all, and no District taxes can be diverted to a State treasury. Washington never was on the Virginia side. That part of our seat of Govern- ment was the County of Alexandria, by act of Congress, February 27, 1801. Con- gress prohibited any Government build- ings on the Virginia side. The people there also lost their State and national voting rights. Becoming dissatisfied, they wanted to return to State jurisdiction. Congress required that they get an act of the Virginia Legislature agreeing to make Alexandria County a part of the State. When this was passed Congress permitted the people concerned to vote on the question, and 753 voted for return and 222 against. By proclamation of August 17. 1846, President Polk carried out the wishes of Congress and ‘the voters. The District of Columbia is far from being built up. It has been brought to its present development by the generos- ity, sacrifice and burdensomeness of the inhabitants of the District from 1791 to | the present day, with the tardy help of | the United States Government. Until the District’'s 8-mile-square area has been developed to a point befitting | the seat of Government of this great Nation, this idea of neglecting it now to gratify an itch for spending colossal sums for the benefit of outsiders may well and fairly be postponed in justice to those who have toiled long and arduously to make it so grandly what it is. JOSEPH W. CHEYNEY. ] | Soft-Hearted Handling of Aliens Should Be Stopped To the Editor of The Star: We read a very interesting and appro- priate letter in The Star by Mrs. Anna Adams on deportation of undesirables and keeping out newcomers. We learn it is up to the Department of Labor to handle and deport foreigners making unlawful entry into this country, but when there is a soft-hearted woman as Secretary of Labor what else than the present condition can be expected. The last published account of idle for- eigners in this country ran up to three and one-half millions on relief, and not only that, but every foreigner in this country holding down a job also keeps a citizen out of a job. We also read of foreigners entering this country and marrying citizens, and the Labor Department says that prevents de- portation, so there you are, and if this is the law then Congress should take action —foreigners, unnaturalized, cannot vote, so why be biased. The United States of America has for years been the dumping ground for the offscourings from every country on the face of the globe and it is time we pattern after other countries by putting our G-men on their tracks. W. J. DERMOTT. Communism and Atheism Not Necessarily Related To the Editor of The Star: The most recent objections of Repre- sentative Randolph to the “teaching of communism” in our public schools, as re- ported in The Star of November 4, 1935, again bring up the common fallacy that communism is atheistic or that atheism is communistic. It may be news to most Christians of the present day that the earliest Chris- tians were communistic (see Acts, ii, 44~ 45; iv, 32, 34-37; v, 1-11). The teachings of Jesus himself were decidedly anti- capitalistic (see Matt, xix, 19, 21, 23; Mark, x, 21, 23; Luke, vi, 20, 24, 29-30; xii, 33; xviii, 22, 24). The most suc- cessful communistic experiment in the United States, the Amana colonies in Towa, was religious in nature and origin, and the Zion City experiment in Illinois likewise seems to be patterned on the teachings in Acts, iv and v. On the other hand, there are thou- sands of skeptics, agnostics and atheists in this country and elsewhere who do not believe in communism. In general, the facts show that there is no inherent or necessary relationship between communism and skepticism. EDW. WOLESENSKY. Valuess Prom the Springfield Illinois State Journal. Representative Buckler of Minnesota doesn’t think Congressmen are worth anything like $10,000 a year. Apparently the Minnesota statesman has in mind the current price of rubber stamps. Roaring Autos. ¥rom the Muskegon Chronicle. A news article says that the automobile Industry roars ahead. It might be said that it roars ahead, leaving the bodies scattered right and left. Grateful. Prom the Paducah (Ky.) Sun-Democrat, Prof. Goddard has perfected a rocket stabilizer. People who find it necessary to make frequent trips to Mars will be A Mfllcthmmmhu"-\ Taking the same bus for downtown every morning is not an altogether un- alloyed pleasure. It would be, perhaps, if one were the only occupant, but unfortunately public vehicles do not operate on that plan. If one wants privacy, then one must drive a private car, or take a taxi, and even then the driver is to be considered. The public vehicle is taken only at the risk of much conversation. . There is always some talkative fellow who insists on giving his views. These views may be political one morning and artistic the next. There is no telling exactly what the subject may be, but the point of view— something else. 's point of view is as unalter- able as the rock of Gibraltar, or at least as unchangeable as the occupants thereof would like to consider it. * Ok K K The chronic talker, of which every regular bus for the downtown has at least one, usually has adamant view- points. These are part of his intellectual make-up, evidently. And they are what help make taking the same vehicle not an altogether un- mixed pleasure. He may be a complete stranger, his name and occupation unknown (al- though we often wonder about both), but not his slant on life. One complete trip down and we know all about that. Thereafter, it is that slant and not the man we see and hear. Especially hear! Perhaps it is asking too much of any human ‘being to insist that he put on a varied show for one’s special benefit. ‘We are more likely to find, without a doubt, a one-man stand presenting the same old play day after day. x K * % Transit on the same bus every day offers curious problems. Mostly these are purely personal and one never breathes them to others, but every one understands them. To sit by one’s self, or to talk to a stranger who is not altogether a stranger | after all—which shall it be? | self, that one is inclined to be grouchy one fine morning. Not for the world! Yet surely one does not care to enter into conversation. But there he is, the same old wight, good fellow, honest fellow— And one is expected to say “Hello,” so cheerily, and talk about the weather and politics and the various problems of the section. * k% ¥ There is a strange antipathy which comes over even the most confiding of man, at times. It has nothing to do, with dislike in any way, but is rather a shrinking of the soul, for the time being. At such times it is best to take a seat on the usual bus all by one’s self, so Not every one is in an early morning mood for speech. Especially not every one is in a mood for it every morning. ‘There are mornings, for no apparent | reason at all, when silence is the order of the day. STARS, MEN One would not admit, even to one’s | that there will be no necessity for talking: | ‘Yet here comes a bright soul who wants to talk and who wants to talk to you. What to do then? Every one who rides public vehicles constantly knows exactly what to do. It is to slide into a vacant seat beside some unknown. ‘Then, unless there is a seat just be- hind, one is comparatively free from the necessity for talk. L The temptation to discuss controver- sial matters is one which ought to be resisted in a public vehicle. ‘There is no profit and no honor in it and not much else, unless it be a red face and an upset digestion. It ought to be a rule of the road that no controversial subjects can be discussed aboard, any more than one can expectorate. The problem of all concerned is to get downtown as safely and as expedi- tiously as possible. In this laudable attempt the passenger has the fullest co-operation of the transit company. Officers of such operations have many problems about which the “fares” know little. The problems of management occur little to the pas- sengers. All they are worried about is security and as speedy a passage as is consistent with the same. Surely it cannot be a pleasant trip if one is going to argue with some red- faced fellow about the merits of candi- dates, or national policies, or the like. * % % % ‘The problem of what to do when one enters the morning bus and finds two acquaintances at separated points therein is a common one presenting diffi- | culties to the man or woman who does not care to offend others. In this respect the world is divided | into two groups of persons, those who, by nature, do not like to risk offending others, and those who do not care a bit. ‘The members of the first group are not necessarily timid souls by any means, but rather men and women who have received, as young people, training—which “took.” Members of the second group are not | so easily explained, except on the ground | caused a property loss of $35,000,000 and that they are more natural. It is natural for a child to be cruel; it is natural for men to hunt ahd kill; it is natural for many persons to know nothing what- ever of the finer standards of conducth especially those little problems revolving around the question of whether or not what one does or says is going to “hurt” others. The kindly person. when he gets on the morning bus, will face a real prob- lem if he discovers two good acquaint- ances in separate seats. He must make a certain | | . QUESTIONS S ———— By Frederic J. Haskin. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Washing= ton Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D.C. Please inclose stamp for reply, Q. How much money was received by players in the World Series?—K. R. A. The Detroit Tigers received $6.- 544.76 each. The losing Chicago Cubs each got $4,198.52. Q. What was the first book written on a typewriter?—H. L. .A. Mark Twain wrote the manuscript of his “Life on the Mississippi” on a typewriter, which is said to be the first book so written. Q. What is the origin of the expres- sion, to get & bad break?—E. L. A. The expression comes from the argot of the pool room. In playing pool much depends upon the first shot, which breaks or scatters the balls. Q. How many people are employed as servants?—I. G. A. The Bureau of the Census reports that there are 4952451 domestics and persons engaged in personal service in the United States. Q. How much money is spent in New York City on the numbers racket?>—M. M. A. It is estimated that $2000,000 a week is spent in that city on the num- bers game. Q. Who won the Nobel prize for med- icine this year?—W., J. A. It was awarded to Dr. Hans Spe- mann of Germany for his discoveries in embryonic evolution. Dr. Spemann es- tablished that frog's eggs could be brought to full development by me- chanical and chemical stimulus. Q. 'Where is the Tamiami Trail?>—E. H. A. The drive from Miami to Fort Myers, Fla, is so called. Q. How much damage is caused by dust explosions?—E. J. G. A. During the last 19 years they have resulted in the deaths of more than 311 | persons and the injury of 693 workmen. Q. Is it true that Van Gogh, the famous artist, never sold his paintings? e s a choice and, if the other is a sensitive | person, risk hurting him. How this little problem of the every day is to be solved must be left to the individual. It is very real, although to some it may seem trivial. And, no matter what one does, some one is likely to be left chilleds It is just one of the reasons why taking the same bus every day is not altogether a blessing. Perhaps it is better not to be so methodical, to take | M. C different vehicles. and to sit stolidly looking out the window then. AND ATOMS Laboratory An explosion with a force of 19,000 horsepower inside the body—— Such a type of wound is possible with bullets traveling at a speed of 3,500 feet per second and something approaching them actually was experienced during the World War. This has been demonstrated by Army officers experimenting with the effects of high-speed projectiles at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds. Pigs, goats, balls of clay and cans filled with water have been the victims of bullets fired at speeds of from approximately 1,700 to 3,500 feet a second. Army doctors, treating the injured at fleld hospitals and dressing stations on the Western Front sometimes encoun- tered wounds of a type new to their ex- perience. Tissues were found injured for long distances from the path of the bullet or fragment of shrapnel which had entered the body. The zone of injury seemed to extend in radiating lines from the path of the projectile. Fatality was more likely to be due to this radiating destruction than to the actual penetration of some vital organ by the missile. The explanation of these wounds is provided by the Aberdeen experiments, according to a report by Lieut. Col. George R. Callender and Sergt. R. W. French which has just been published in the Military Surgeon, organ of the Army Medical Corps. Injuries of the same type may be expected on future battlefields. When a bullet strikes flesh or bone it is slowed up. This means that there has been an absorption of energy. The lost energy does not disappear into thin air. It is expended in the medium through which the bullet is passing causing radiating lines of injury in all directions and chiefly along the paths of least resistance. The amount of energy increases in proportion to the speed with which the bullet strikes the body and with the density of the resisting material —whether bone or flesh. Still another factor may complicate the situation. The force of the impact sets up energy waves moving through the body and some of these may have velocities in excess of the velocity of sound waves. Bio-chemists have shown that waves of such frequency will coagu- late albumin. This coagulating effect m;y be one reason for the radiating tissue Notebook of Science Progress in Field, and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. the bullet's passage, last much longer than the duration in which the bullet is in the medium. The bullet has already left the medium before the changes due | to its passage are completed. ‘Wounds made by bullets at velocities | of over 3,000 feet per second resulted in A. During his lifetime Van Gogh was able to sell only one canvas, and this for only $80. From the age of 27 to his death at 37 he produced 829 drawinzs and 741 oils, the total value today of which would exceed $10,000,000. Q. Please give the names of several famous women in science.—H. M. A. Outstanding as scientists are: Dr. Florence R. Sabin, biologist and authority on blood diseases; Dr. Margaret Mead, anthropologist and researcher; Dr. Alice | Hamilton, expert on industrial poisons, and Dr. Annie J. Cannon, astronomer. Q. Is a party call proper when.one has been a week-end guest in a home? A. If one’s hostess lives at a distance a note should be sent to her not later than a day after the visit is ended. | Flowers, candy or a book are often sent with a card. If hostess and guest live | in the same place a call should be made | within a week. Q. Who was the fattest man ever | known?—C. G. A. It was probably Daniel Lambert, who died in 1809 in England at the age of 40. His name was used by nineteenth century writers as a symbol of great size. His weight was 739 pounds and his waist line was 8 feet 6 inches. Pedro Cardoso, who was exhibited as the world's fattest man of recent years, died in October in Argentina. He weighed 638 pounds and | measured 7 feet 5 inches around the transmission of energy for great dis- | tances and caused destruction of tissue | over wide areas. The high rate of energy delivered may explain the very destruc- tive wounds from small fragments of high explosive shells seen in the World ‘War. In the experimental work one shot with the impact velocity of 3,500 feet i per second delivered energy equivalent to 19,000 horsepower. Soft-nosed hunting bullets show a dis- persion of lead core beginning at the impact point on the skin and dissimate practically all their energy as the result | of the break-up of the bullet. At higher velocities it is not .necessary for the bullet to break up for particles of the medium traversed to acquire sufficient velocity to produce destructive action | similar to the hunting bullet. The experiments show that the amount of energy released increases very rapidly with the speed of impact. The velocity of a bullet, however, decreases very rapidly while it is traveling through air and it is unlikely that any were moving with sufficient speeds to have produced the type of wound found during the World War. These hardly could have been caused by anything but high-speed fragments of shrapnel bursting nearby. The most destructive bullets, it was found as a rule, were those fired from a distance of about 300 yards, while those fired from 600 yards were the least. Bullets fired from 1,000 yards were in- termediate in their destructiveness. —_——— Chiselers. Prom the Los Angeles Times. More than one person succeeds by making the most of other people’s oppor- tunities. A Big Winner. Prom the New York Sun. To hold a sweepstakes ticket on Pe- gasus.is all the poetry that some folks would ask. ——————— oge A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Lyrie of Firelight Gather me up in your arms tonight In the warm glow of our firelight— Il brush from your brow the lines of care, Youll kiss from my eyes the soft de- That seems part of love in firelight; Alone in the early Winter night. Let us speak only of heart’s delight In fire-shadows, fantastic, bright— Of trails where the 8ypsy dreamers In vans while the roadside embers keep Love watch in the early Winter night, Stars intermingling: with firelight. Let’s rouse and dance in our pine-log Cones like red hearts as sparks take flight, Steps free as Romany’s trail starry whmflnlnuflnmhuhmthem’esz Your cheek to mine in our firelight— ; “h%wmw v - waist. Q. Please give the location of the Matanuska Valley in Alaska.—L. R. A. The Matanuska Valley is located about 125 miles in a direct line from the southern coast of Alaska. It is bounded on the north by the Talkeetna Moun= tains, on the east and south by the Chu- gach Mountains, and on the west by the | vast level plain of the Susitna River. Q. How many Italians were killed at the Battle of Adowa in 1896—J. P. S. A. The Italian losses were 7,600. Q. Where was the first night court and who was the presiding judge?— C.J. P A. The world's first night court was inaugurated August 1, 1907, in the court known as the Jefferson Market Court, which is a branch of the New York Po- lice Court. The presiding judge, who was largely instrumental in the forma=- tion of the court, was the Hon. Judge Whitman. Q. Who discovered adrenaline? — Ww.J.C. A. Obtained in the pure state by Ta= kamine in 1901, its true formula was de- termined by Jowett. Q." When was the American Indian Museum established?—S. F. S. A. The Museum of the American In- dian, Heye Foundation, was opened in New York in 1922 for collecting and ex= hibiting anthropological material con- cerning the American Indian. Q. What was the first daily newspaper in New York?—E. H. J. A. The first New York daily news= paper was the Minerva, 1793, with Noah Webster as its first editor. Q. Is Will Rogers’ daughter still on the stage?—E. M. A. Mary Rogers is now appearing in “Crime Marches On,” which is playing in New York. Q. Is there a school of whistling in California?—J. L. A. The Agnes Woodward School of Whistling is located in Los Angeles. Q. When were advertisements first broadcast over the radio?—W. H. M. A. The National Broadcasting Co. says the first authorized voice advertisement by radio to the best of its knowledge was a talk on real estate sponsored by the Queensboro Realty Corp. .of Jackson Heights, Long Island. This took place in the latter part of 1932 over WEAF, which is believed to be the first station in the United States to accept a talk to broadcast advertising. Q. Was William McKinley a presiden= tial candidate before the campaign in which, he was elected?—P. P. A. He was a candidate for the Repub- lican presidential nomination at the Minneapolis convention in 1892. He re- ceived 182 votes, but Harrison was nomi- nated on the first ballot. Four years later he was nominated and elected. Q. Wili turkeys be plentiful this Wine ter>—N. M. A indications show that fewer turkdys are being raised than last year.