Evening Star Newspaper, September 30, 1935, Page 10

Text of President’s Talk Private Industry Must Take Over Task of Provid- ing Jobs, Now That U. S. Has Given Start, Roosevelt Advises. By the Associated Press. ’ BOULDER DAM, September 30.— The text of the address made here to- | day by President Roosevelt at the dedication of Boulder Canyon Dam in Colorado River follows: ‘Ten years ago the place where we are gathered was an unpeopled, forbidding desert. In the bottom of a gloomy canyon, whose precip- itous walls rose to a height of more than a thousand feet, flowed a tur- bulent, dangerous river. The moun- tains on either side of the canyon were difficult of access with neither road nor trail, and their rocks were protected by neither trees nor grass from the blazing heat of the sun. ‘The site of Boulder City was a cac- tus-covered waste. The transfor- mation wrought here is a twen- tieth-century marvel. We are here to celebrate the completion of the greatest dam in the world, rising 726 feet above the bedrock of the river and altering the geography of a whole region; to see the creation of the largest artificial lake in the world—115 miles long, holding enough water - to cover the State of Connecticut to a depth of 10 feet, and to see nearing completion a power house which will contain the largest gen- erators and turbines yet installed . in this country, machinery which can continuously supply 1,835,000 horsepower of electric energy. All these dimensions are superlative. They represent and embody the accumulated engineering knowl- edge and experience of centuries, and when we behold them it is fit- ting that we pay tribute to the genius of their designers. We rec- ognize also the energy, resourceful- ness and zeal of the builders, who, under the greatest physical ob- stacles, have pushed this work for- ward to completion two years in advance of the contract require- ments. But especially we express our gratitude to the thousands of ‘workers who gave brain and brawn to the work of construction. Industrial Relationship To Country Most Vital. Beautiful and great as this struc- ture is, it must also be considered in its relationship to the agricul- tural and industrial development and in its contribution to the health and comfort of the people who live in the Southwest. To divert and distribute the waters of an arid region, so that there shall be security of rights and efficiency in service, is one of the greatest problems of law and of administration to be found in any government. The farms, the cities and the people who live along the many thousands of miles of this river and its tributaries all depend for their permanence in value upon the conservation, the regulation and the equitable division of its ever-changing water supply. ‘What has been accomplished on the Colorado in working out such a scheme of distribution is inspir- ing. Through the co-operation of the States whose people depend ‘upon this river and of the Federal Government, which is concerned in the general welfare, there is being constructed a system of distributive works of laws and practices which will insure to the millions of people who now dwell in this basin and the millions of others who will come to dwell here in future gen- erations, a just, safe and perma- nent system of water rights. In devising these policles and the means of putting them into prac- tice, the Bureau of Reclamation has taken, and is destined to take in the future, a leading and helpful part. The bureau has been the in- strument which gave effect to the legislation introduced in Con- gress by Senator Hiram Johnson and Congressman Phil Swing. Unregulated River Often Brought Disaster. As an unregulated river, the Colorado added little of value to the region this dam serves. When in flood the river was a threaten- ing torrent. In the dry months of the year it shrank to a trickling stream. For a generation the peo- ple of Imperial Valley had lived in the shadow of disaster from the river which provided their liveli- hood, and which is the foundation of their hopes for themselves and their children. Every Spring they waited with dread the coming of a flood, and nearly every Autumn they feared a shortage of water would destroy their crops. The gates of the diversion tun- nels were closed here at Boulder Dam last February. In June a great flood came down the river. It came roaring down the canyons of the Colorado, through Grand Canyon, Iceberg and Boulder Can- yons, but it was caught and safely held behind Boulder Dam. Last year a drought of unprece- dented severity was visited upon the West. The watershed of the Colorado River did not escape. In July the canals of the Imperial Val- ley went dry. Crop losses in that valley alone totaled $10,000,000. Had Boulder Dam been completed one year earlier, this loss would have been prevented, because the Spring flood coulgl have been stored to furnish a steady water supply for the long, dry Summer and Fall. Southern California Constructs Aqueducts. Across the San Jacinto Moun- tains, southwest of Boulder Dam, the cities of Southern California are constructing an aqueduct to eost $220,000,000, which they have raised, for the purpose of carrying the regulated waters of the Colo- rado to the Pacific Coast, 259 miles away. Across the desert and mountains to the West and South run great electric transmission lines by which factory motors, street and house- hold lights and irrigation pumps will be operated in Southern Ari- gona and California. Part of this power will be used in pumping the water through the aqueduct to supplement the domestic supplies of Los Angeles and surrounding cities. Navigation of the river from Boulder Dam to the Grand Canyon has been made possible, a 115-mile stretch that has been traversed less than half a dozen times in history. An immense new park has been created for the enjoyment of all our people. Cost of $108, To Be Repaid in 50 Years. At what cost was this done? ‘Boulder Dam and the power houses together cost a total of $108,000,000, all of which will be repaid with interest in 50 years under the con- tracts for sale of the power. Under these contracts, already completed, [} not only will the cost be repaid, but the way is opened for the provision of needed light and power to the consumer at reduced rates. In the expenditure of the price of Boulder Dam during the depression years work was provided for 4,000 men, most of them heads of families, and many thousands more were enabled to earn a livelihood through manu- facture of materials and machinery. And this is true in regard to the thousands of projects undertaken by the Federal Government, by the States and by the municipalities in recent years. The overwhelming majority of them are of definite and permanent usefulness. Throughout our national history we have had a great program of public improvements, and in these past two years all that we have done has been to accelerate that program. We know, too, that the reason for this speeding up was the need of giving rellef to several million men and women whose earning capacity had been destroyed by the complexities and lack of thought of the economic system of the past generation. Small Projects Held Just as Useful. No sensible person is foolish enough to draw hard and fast classifications as to usefulness of need. Obviously, for instance, this great Boulder Dam warrants uni- versal approval because it will pre- vent floods and flood damage, be- cause it will irrigate thousands of acres of tillable land, and because it will generate electricity to turn the wheels of many factories and illuminate countless homes. But can we say that a 5-foot brush wood dam across the head- waters of an arroyo, and costing only a millionth part of Boulder Dam, is an undesirable project or a waste of money? Can we say that the great brick high school, costing $2,000,000, is a useful expenditure, but that a little wooden school house project, costing $10,000, is & JEWELRY INSURANCE and all forms of Insurance J. Blaise de Sibour & Co. INSURANCE BROKERS 1700 Eye St. N.W. NAtL 4633 THE -EVENING - STAR, -WASHINGTON, D. C.. MONDAY, -SEPTEMBER 30, 1935. ‘wasteful extravagance? Is it fair to approve a huge city boulevard and, at the same time, to disap- prove the improvement of & muddy farm-to-market road? While we do all of this, we give actual work to the unemployed and at the same time' we add to the wealth end assets of the Nation. These offorts meet with the ap- proval of the people of the Nation. Many Beneficiaries Of Project Seen. In a little over two years this work has accomplished much. We have helped mankind by the works themselves and, at the same time, we have created the necessary pur- chasing power to throw in the clutch to start the wheels of what we call private industry. Such ex- penditures on all of these works, great amd small, flow out to many beneficiaries: They revive other and more remote industries and businesses, money is put in circu- lation, credit is expanded and the financial and industrial mechanism of America is stimulated to more and more activity. Labor makes wealth. The use of materials makes wealth. To em- ploy workers and materials when private employment has failed is to translate into great national possessions the energy that other wise would be wasted. Boulder Dam is a splendid symbol. The mighty waters of the Colorado were running unused to the sea. Today we translate them into a great national possession. I might go further and suggest to you that use begets use. Such works as this serve as a means of making useful other national pos- sessions. Vast deposits of precious metals are scattered within a short distance of where we stand today. They await the development of cheap power. Will Provide Yardsticks To Measure Power Cost. These great Government power projects will affect not only the Ondinary BURNS Apply Resinol at once,and amazing re lief soon follows. Its soothing medication re- lieves the fiery throb- bing, tends to prevent blisters, and helps the injured skin. Resinol development of agriculture and in- dustry and mining in this section they serve, but they will also prove useful yardsticks to measure the cost of power throughout the United States. It is my belief that the Government should proceed to lay down the first yardsticks from this great power plant to the form of a State power line, assisted in its financing by the Government, and tapping the wonderful natural resources’ of Southern Nevada. Doubtless the same policy of finan- cial assistance to State authorities can be followed in the development of Nevada's sister State, Arizona, on the other side of the river. ‘With it all, with work proceed- ing in every one of the more than 3,000 counties in the United States and of a vastly greater number of local divisions of government, the actual credit of Government agencies is on a stronger and safer basis than at any time in the past six years. Many States have actually improved their financial position in the past two years. Municipal tax receipts are being paid when the taxes fall due and tax arrearages are steadily declin- It is a simple fact that Govern- ment spending is already beginning to show definite signs of its effect on consumer spending; that the putting of people to work by the Government has put other people to work through private employ« ment, and that in two years and a half we have come to the poini where private industry must bear the principal responsibility of keep~ ing the processes of greater em- ployment moving forward with ace celerated speed. Only Narrow-Visioned Fail to See Benefits. The people of the United States are proud of Boulder Dam. With, the exception of the few who are narrow-visioned, the people on the Atlantic seaboard, the people in the Middle West and the people in the South must surely recognize that the national benefits which will be derived from the completion MINUTE to shape. A minute to fry. A minute to serve. And this New England treat is ready. FREE! 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