Evening Star Newspaper, September 16, 1935, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY ...........September 16, 1935 —_— e THEODORE W. NOYES...........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Business Offi 11th St. anc Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. Luropean Office: 14 Regent St.. London. England, Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition, e Evening Star_ he Evening and Sun (when 4 Sundays) Tle Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundi The Sunday Star. Nigh ight Final and Sunday Sta: ight Finai Star_.. Collection made at tional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ily ard Sunday .. $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ aily oply S0 1 mo’, slc unday $4.00; 1 mo.. 40c -45¢c per month 60c per month 65¢ per month B¢ per copy - 63 « end of each month, mail or telephone Na- Eunhu only~. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for cation of all news dispatches eredited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. Il rights of publication of special dispatches erein are also reserved. —_————— Unsound Policy. A scientific and non-partisan inquiry fnto the agricultural adjustment act and fts operation discloses that it does not make sense. Further than that, it dis- closes that in the long run, if the policy of scarcity is maintained to force higher prices, the farmers themselves will be among the chief sufferers. The inquiry was made by the Brookings Institution. For temporary advantage, obtained through Government checks handed to the farmers for not producing crops, the producers are endangering their future and that of the country. At the same time the American Lib- erty League issued a blast attacking the latest A. A. A. wrinkle, the potato con- trol act, as un-American and more so- cialistic and despotic than anything tried by the Russian Soviet. Notwithstanding these attacks and others, the administration and the farm- ers are both reported to be ready to go forward with the A. A. A. and its re- strictive policies. The farmers are will- ing to go ahead because they receive the Government checks and have prices higher than in 1932. The administration 1s anxious to perpetuate this part of the New Deal if it can. Further, it believes that it means votes among the farmers. In one part of its reports on the A. A. A. the Brookings Institution main- tains that higher prices are really due to the drought that affected agriculture, rather than to the Government policy. Studies of the live stock and dairying {ndustries by the institution’s experts re- gulted in this deduction. At the same time the financial benefits to the farm- ers for not producing live stock and crops come, and will continue to come, from the pocketbooks of the American taxpayers, through the processing taxes. Some day the administration may wake up to the fact that the taxpayers are the American people—not just one small seg- ment of the people. The processing tax on pork, on cotton, etc, reaches into the pockets of all the consumers of those articles. And the idea that taxes are paid to the Federal Government only by those who pay income taxes is not only unsound, but futile, Paying any one for not doing anything s economically unsound. If carried to the last degree it would mean complete halt in production. The farmers them- selves are not unmindful of this truth. They have been led to support such a program, however, because they are the {mmediate beneficiaries; because they receive the checks. If they must have a subsidy, then it would be better in the long run to pay them a direct bounty on their exportable surpluses than to pay them for not producing. At least then the subsidy would be paid for pro- duction and not for failing to produce. ——————————— Conquest of Ethiopia is not regarded as in itself a difficult enterprise. It is the pre-war strategy that calls for Mus- golini’s chief demonstration of ability at present. oo Hitlerism in Excels Apparently there are no limits to the lengths of idolatry to which Adolf Hitler permits the German people to go in voicing devotion to his leadership. The eurrent National Socialist party con- gress at Nuremberg is being held in an atmosphere of pagan exaltation with- out parallel in modern history. The measure of its frenzy is exemplified by the affirmation of the Hitler youth leader that “our fidelity to the Fuehrer 45 our gate to immortality.” It was against that background of politico-religious mysticism, “with God manifesting Himself in an invincible German nation through Adolf Hitler as its modern Mahomet"—as the Asso- clated Press correspondent at Nuim- berg graphically pictures the situation— that the Nazi dictator last night con- voked a special session of his private Reichstag for the purpose of passing & series of stringent anti-Semitic laws, hurling defiance at Lithuania over the Memel question and rattling the saber which Germany now wields in the form of her conscript army. The new laws provide for dehational- faztion of Jews. “Non-Aryans” will con- tinue to be “members of the state,” but will not enjoy the rights of citizenship. Marriages and extra-marital relations between Germans and Jews are for- bidden under penalty of penal servitude. Jews may not employ female domestic help of German blood under the age of forty-five years. Another law having declared the swastika to be the national flag, Jews are forbidden to display it, and may show only the blue and white colors of Zionism. Im advocating these laws before the Reichstag, Hitler de- clared that they represent the govern- ment’s last attempt to deal with the “Jewish problem” by statute and that if they do not produce desired results, the matter of completely exterminating Jewish life in Germany will be turned over to the tender m?du of the Na- | Fiscal Year. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1935. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. tional Soclalist party—a grim sugges= tion that individual Nazis will be left to “solve” the “problem” in their own way. The harsh new anti-Semitic program is, unfortunately, justified by Hitler, to & certain inferential degree, by the recent action of a New York City magistrate in referring to the German flag in terms for which the State Departmnent has just felt called upon to apologize. The Fuehrer hints that further provocation of this sort through “international Jew- ish agitation” will inevitably lead to more reprisals against Germany's hap- less Jewish residents. Of ominous international significance is Hitler's belligerent attitude with ref- erence to Lithuania's treatment of the German minority in the province of Memel, which was awarded to the Baltic state by the League of Nations. He described Memel as “stolen” territory and warned that Germany “must take constant notes” of the “torture” to which Germans in Lithuania are subjected for the mere “crime” of being Germans. The Nuremberg Nazi Congress is offi- cially dedicated to the army which the Reich is creating in deflance of Ver- sailles. All through Hitler's fulmina- tion—despite his reaffirmation of Ger- many’s “love of peace”—runs the threat that her military might will be hurled against any and all who dare to trample upon the rights or susceptibilities of the Nazi empfl”e. In the fanatical mood into which the nation has been lashed— Hitlerism in excelsis—it would be rash to predict to what extremes, both at home and abroad, German paths are now destined to lead. The Main Point. Assessor Richards’ revelation that Government purchases added $4,726,450 worth of real estate to the tax-exempt list during the past year, bringing an immediate loss of $60,896 in local realty tax revenues, furnishes one cue to the committee of municipal officials named by the Commissioners to study the fiscal relations problem this Fall. The com- mittee will profitably spend its time in surveying the fiscal relations contro- versy as a whole, with emphasis on the significance of-Assessor Richards’ figures, rather than in preparing various bills which would be effective only in plas- tering the local community with new or increased forms of taxation. Corporation Counsel Prettyman cor- rectly points out that the margin be- tween revenue availability and the needs of the District has been narrowing stead- ily, with the result that money for im- provement has diminished in the face of a rapidly growing population. The relation between lump-sum reduc- tion and revenue available for capital improvement is clearly shown in the fol- lowing tabulation: Lump Sum. Improvements. 1931 $9.500,000 $16,330,000 1932 9.500,000 14,600,000 1933 7,775,000 7,280,000 1934 5,700,000 2.517,000 1935 5,700,000 5,040,000 1936 5,700,000 5,150,000 A part of the relatively large expedi- ture for capital improvements in 1931 and 1932 was made possible by the existence of a healthy surplus in local revenues; or, perhaps more accurately, by the existence of a 'cash balance in local revenues that Congress had not appropriated. This surplus was prac- tically exhausted when local revenues were used to reduce the lump sum. Since 1934 the District has been placed, to all intents and purposes, on a maintenance basis, with relatively smll sums avail- able for capital expenditures outside of funds borrowed from the P. W. A. No money has been saved, for the needs have merely accumulated and money which should have gone into improve- ment has been used to reduce the lump sum. For the next fiscal year the de- partment heads estimate the need for $13,000,000 in improvement, an amount which the Commissioners will be forced to cut. At the same time, the Federal Gov- ernment’s own needs for expansion have been met by large land purchases, adding to the already large total of tax-exempt property. The showing here is that while the taxable area of the District— already arbitrarily limited by non-exten- sible boundaries—is diminished by in- creasing withdrawals of property to the tax-exempt list, the District is being called on to furnish am increasingly large percentage of the cost of Capital City maintenance and improvement. Be- tween 1928 and 1936 the District’s share has increased from seventy-five to eighty-five per cent. It seems a particularly misguided effort to consider furnishing more local taxes, through new or higher forms of local taxation, when the net result of such effort will be merely to decrease the Federal lump sum without obtaining the improvements so greatly needed, and the element of inequity is added when comparisons show definitely the adequacy of the existing local tax burden. The first aim is to fix the Federal obligation, arising not only from the increasing tax-exempt property holdings of the National Government, but through other factors which the Commissioners’ committee will be able to demonstrate through its studies. ———————— Statisticlans are still figuring on whether anybody ever makes enough out of & war to pay for it afterward. Challenge to Youth. America, it is said, has a quagmired generation—"its boys and girls now blundering and stumbling through the critical period between high school and coMege.” But public interest in the prob- lem is not lacking. The American Coun- cil on Education, with private capital, is developing & program to meet the need of the youngsters, and the Gov- ernment, through the C. C. C. camps and by means of a so-called Youth Pro- gram still somewhat nascent, is doing what it can in the same direction. But the morale of the boys and girls is the principal issue, The depression has been and unhappily yet remains a compelling chajjenge to the young peo- } ple of the Nation. It has had a psycho- logical effect upon them, as upon their elders. Literally thousands of univer- sity and college graduates are unem- ployed, additional thousands are engaged perforce in work which they can con- sider only as a temporary expedient— labor which returns no reward compara- ble with the investment of time, energy and money which they have made in their schooling. No wonder that many are discouraged. The difficulty, however, is not new. Indeed, the difference between the ad- justment troubles of the latest generation and those of their forerunners is solely one of degree, not kind. Every period of history has had its quota of obstacles and hindrances, its wars, revolutions, famines, plagues, mental and spiritual reactions, The world always has been & bog for those willing to be caught in it. Recognition of that sobering truth is one of the factors necessary for a proper comprehension of the task with which society as & whole must deal and with which educators as & ciass and students themselves in particular are concerned. Abraham Lincoln, for exam- ple, had to fight for an education. Ben- jamin Franklin and Georx'e Washington were self-taught. And it may be that it was because of their disabilities that they were so notably humane. America a few years ago stood in dan- ger of being dominated by & snobbish, isolated, supercilious aristocracy of wealth, graduated, but not educated, in any faithful meaning of the word. The universal economic slump has eliminated that peril, and a fundamental democracy may be coming into existence in the United States. Perhaps a gentler, more tolerant, more sympathetic civilization is to be the eventual fruit of processes now operative. If so, the boys and girls of the quagmired generation may be men and women of nobler character and more chivalrous mtelllggnce than their theoretically —more fortunate seniors, Edmund Burke, a man wise in the science of humanity, summed up the possibilities when he spoke of difficulty as being “a source of great- ness.” Suffering, disappointment and seeming failure, so viewed, are assets not to be despised. R An advantage enjoyed by “G-men” in social improvement is the fast work permitted by the use of as few initials as possible. T —— Delaware brings the whipping post into action, although there is still question of its desirability as & surviving feature of the old horse-and-buggy days. e Assassination reduces red corpuscles to the value of white chips in a game of treachery. —r———————— Some of the communications not suit- able for the record have naturally gone into the waste basket. Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Sunday. A day of rest! The church bells ring With sweet and friendly call To bid us from our shoulders fling The burdens great and small. The purse, the weapon and the pen, The signs of earthly power, From these we turn and look again Beyond the present hour. With accents measured, soft and low, It sets the air a-thrill, To music as it bids us know All men are brethren still. Though we must pant and strive anew, A moment let us dwell In reverent peace and hark unto The music of the bell. Lessons. “There are many valuable lessons to be learned from defeat.” “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum, “but they aren't any good unless you can teach them to the other fellow.” A Friendly Suggestion. “I want to speak to you as one of the plain people.” “Don’t do it,” replied Farmer Corne tossel. “You want to realize that times have changed and a prosperous agricul- turist looks on himself as somebody rather special.” The Bee. A busy bee Once buzzed around. He toiled with glee In peace profound, Until one day He thought it fun To cause dismay And sting some one. All honeyless, For home he hied, In deep distress, With injured pride. The foerhan he Had slain (almost) He found to be A wooden post. Those who had cheered His diligence Now laughed and jeered At his expense. No tears are wrung In solacing One who has stung His final sting! His Status. “Were you a bull or & bear in Wall Street?” “I wasn't either. I was the man who has to run for a tree when the menagerie breaks loose.” The Unconsidered. Some are protected more or less By ornamental uselessness. The robin sings in peace complete Because he is too small to eat. “De man dat brags,” said Uncle Eben, “mos’ generally don't mean no harm an’ mebbe you orter be complimented dat he's goin' to such pains te get you Interested in 'im.” THE POLITICA MILL By G. Gould Lincoln. A fight to prevent the choice of dele- gations to the Democratic National Con- vention of 1936 instructed for President Roosevelt is actively launched in the South and the border States. It may spread to all other sections of the coun- try if the “constitutional” Democrats back of the anti-Roosevelt campaign have their way. The head and forefront of this anti-Roosevelt movement is & tall, broad - shouldered, white - haired Texan, John Henry Kirby. Mr. Kirby is 74 years old. He has always been a Democrat and supported Roosevelt in 1932. But he is through, now, so far as Roosevelt is concerned. Kirby has plenty of practical ideas. He is going out to get a real organization to help him in this fight. As chairman of the newly organized Southern Com- mittee to Uphold the Constitution, he has already signed up some 50,000 Dem- ocrats who are opposed to the Robsevelt New Deal, snd, therefore, opposed to the renomination of the President. * ok R X A few months ago the movement launched by Mr. Kirby and his friends would have appeared fantastical. But the sentiment which is back of the committee of which Kirby is chair- man recelved great impetus when the Supreme Court unanimousy pulled the props from under one of the principal New Deal laws and dumped the N. R. A, into the discard as unconstitutional. The feeling was existent, and to a very large degree in the Southern States. But it needed some stimulus. Now Mr. Kirby and his committee are planning to go into all the communities of the South to organize against the election of Roosevelt delegates. It is likely to be a tough job, in the face of the pow- erful organization that has been built up by the administration and Postmaster General and Democratic National Chair- man Farley. But even if the fight is un- successful in the delegation election, it may stir & lot of Democrats to swing away from Roosevelt when the general election comes. * % % Mr. Kirby’s first formal statement about the activities of the Southern Committee to Uphold the Constitution was made here yesterday. He is plan- ning is bring about a national conven- tion of constitutional Democrats in ‘Washington next December. If he does, and there is a big turn-out, as there may well be, the Roosevelt Democrats will have something to think about. The Roosevelt Democrats are the last to admit, generally speaking, that the President has any aims to do anything to the Constitution. They know, or at least they have learned, that such a program on the part of the administra- tion would meet with popular resentment. They learned this after the President had clearly implied in his now famous hour-and-a-half talk to the press after the Supreme Court's N. R. A. decision that something must be done to make it possible for the Federal Government to deal with hours of labor, with the farm problem and everything else that the New Deal has attempted. Mr. Kirby and his associates, however, say that actions speak louder than words. They insist that the New Deal program has been in violation of the Constitution all along the line, and they point to the President’s letter to Representative Hill of Washington during the last session urging the passage of the Guffey coal bill, even though Congress had reason- able doubts as to its constitutionality. * ® * % While Mr. Kirby, in his press con- ference here yesterday, sought to keep away from candidates, he said quite frankly that if the Democrats nominated Roosevelt, he would vote for a “consti- tutional” Republican, and that for him- self he would support Senator William E. Borah if he were running against Roosevelt, Of course, Mr. Kirby would prefer to vote for a “constitutional” Democrat against & Republican candi- date. He is seeking to bring about the nomination of such a candidate. He mentioned as available constitutional Democrats for the presidential nomina« tion former Gov. Joseph B. Ely of Mas- sachusetts, Newton D. Baker of Ohio and former Gov. Albert C. Ritchie of Maryland. So far as Roosevelt himself is concerned, Mr. Kirby has had enough, even if the President should swing back and declare his opposition to anything that would change the intent of the Constitution. “We believe that Mr, Roosevelt is an apostate,” is the way Kirby put it. * k% Mr. Kirby insisted that Borah, if he becomes the Republican nominee, could carry Texas against President Roosevelt, Texas was one of three Southern States which gave their electoral votes to a Republican President in 1928. Inci- dentally, Senator Borah campaigned actively in Texas and in other Southern States during that contest. Kirby is looking to Gov. Talmadge of Georgis, an active opponent of the Roosevelt New Deal, to take a prominent part in the fight to head off Roosevelt delegates to the next national convention. One of the interesting things which Kirby said was: “We are not organizing a new party. The force being enlisted to oppose that combination of socialistic professors and Communist sympathizers wielding such influence in the adminis- tration of the affairs of our Government is composed of Democrats still faithful to the principles of the Declaration of Independence. * X X X If this “constitutional” movement against the New Deal becomes very pro- nounced among the Democrats of the South it is reasonable to expect that the Roosevelt Democrats will begin to pic- ture the President as the greatest up- holder of the Constitution since the days of George Washington. They will find a lot to say along that line, undoubtedly. Gov. Talmadge of Georgia is said to be a leader in the “constitutional” Demo- cratic movement. The Georgia Gov- ernor has become an even more out- standing figure in the ranks opposing the renomination of President Roosevelt in the South since the death of Huey Long of Louisiana. Indeed, a great deal of that opposition is expected to turn to Talmadge for leadership. He is becom- ing more and more active. He will de- liver five speeches this week—in New Orleans, Bloomington, Ill.; Des Moines, Towa, and Lincoln and Sewar, Nebr. In all of them he will direct his attacks against the New Deal and President Roosevelt. The Georgia Governor is not willing to go along with Representative Maloney of Louisiana, who has declared that now that Huey Long is dead it is right and proper that Louisiana, a Dem- ocratic State, should go along with a Democratic administration, the Roose- velt administration, in Washington. Tal- madge said in an interview that he wanted to be sure that “we have a Dem- ocratic President and not one masquer- ading under she name only.” * % ok % It will be interesting to see how the *“constitutional” Democrats come out in their fight for delegates opposed to Roosevelt. This contest for delegates will begin in many of the States before Differences between human beings are even more amazing than their funda- mental likenssses. Consider the case of the local resi- dent who made 21 purchases. ‘The exact number must be specified, for therein lies the point. Twenty purchases were made of small books in a popular series, costing 80 cents each. They were bought one or two at a time, several times a week, so that the total time taken in their selection was almost a month. Every time the gentleman was around that way he would drop into the book store and buy a new one. Each time he was waited on by the same clerk. . At the end of the period, after an outlay of $16, the clerk had no word of greeting, or even sign of recognition. * Xk X X His twenty-first purchase was of & bath spray, at one of the many drug stores which the city boasts. The fixture cost considerably less than a dollar. The man had experienced difficulty in finding one to fit the bathtub faucet, he said, so he thought he would try this one. The clerk hoped it would do. More than a week later our purchaser happened into the drug store again. . He was busy with another clerk when he heard a voice ask: “Did that bath spray fit?"” Sure enough, it was the clerk he had seen only once, but who had remem- bered. L If one can believe the tales that used to be told, the first clerk would get no- where and the second soon would be- come general manager. Let us hope it works out so. Memory and courtesy—they make & wonderful combination in business as elsewhere. Not enough has been sald in business literature, despite its volume, about the wonderful feeling of pleasure the aver- age customer has when he finds himself actually remembered by a salesman. Some members of the dear old buying public are much more sensitive to such influences than others, of course. The hard-boiled customer, male or female, particularly the latter, doesn't want any sympathy from clerks. The latter want sympathy from them! ki k. The bulk of mankind, however, have a genuine urge for companionship with the people with whom daily dealings are made in regard to purchase of the thou- sand and one commodities sold in stores. Those clerks who remember us, and who have a genuine interest in us—these are eagerly remembered in their turn. We may not send any commendatory letters to the president of the firm, tell- ing him what a fine fellow So-and-So is, but in our own minds he will occupy & niche all his own. When we go back to that store we will look for him. ‘What is more important. all the time we will have a friendly feeling toward that establishment, mostly based on a friendly feeling for the clerk in question. * *x * x ‘This is such a fundamental relation- ship, based on such essential psychology, that it would seem it should be known to evervbody in the world. But what do we see? Salespeople who not only do not recog- nize old customers, after many meetings, but sometimes salespeople who plainly indicate their dislike for the very persons who are helping them earn their bread and butter. Human nature, of course, is something the finest sort of management is helpless against, at times. ‘There are all sorts of rules and regu- lations, orders and instructions, but be- tween issuing them and seeing that they are carried out there is a big gulf some- times. L Tt all goes back, no doubt, to the innate differences between man and man. Let us consider the friendly man, for he is pleasant to consider. He finds, if not to the extent of the late Will Rogers, something to like in almost every man. Will said he never knew a man he did not like. Few can g0 that far, but perhaps it isn’t necessary. If we can find & trait or two which is likable, let us concentrate on that, if it is at all possible. Often it is not possible. ‘The other person won't let us! And every one has seen customers in stores, customers who simply would not permit the clerk to be courteous, but practically forced the poor girl to be disagreeable. ‘Wherefore, it would seem, it is all the more important that all salesmen be kindly and gentle with the mass of the people, who ask nothing more than a little honest interest in their wants, a little recognition, now and then, and a few kind words. This type of person prevails in the buying public. possible of a clerk. Hundreds and thou- sands of persons come their way every day. They cannot be expected to recog- nize all of them later. It would seem to the average day-by-day purchaser, however, that they might have a word of greeting for the steady customer, whether the latter is striking, in some physical way, or not. The money of the inconspicuous, quiet customer is quite as good, to put it mildly, as that of the flashy person who has some physical trait so distinctive that it is easy to re- member him. * ok kX Friendly people are the same every- where. To find friends, i} has been said, one must be a friend. It is an honest maxim and has a great deal of truth in it. It is not necessary to go as far or as high as friendship, however. Just plain friendliness will do. How rare it is, after all, may be sten | on any public conveyance, where often one sees a great lack of it. An attempt by a friendly man to make conversation with a stranger often is met by the famous *“cold shoulder.” He is “put in his pl " because he has not been “introduced True friendliness, which is a beautiful thing, does otherwise. It accepts other humans as equal until proved otherwise. It has no fears and therefore is able to go ahead on the basis of mutual understanding. It is not to be wondered at that those persons who exemplify this virtue are able to recall the faces, and even names, of persons they have met just a few times, or even just once. Memory, friendliness and faith go to- gether, and make a great team. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. « News that Senator Pope, Democrat, of Idaho is.on his way home from Geneva causes no regrets at the State Department. - Nothing, of course, has been said about it publicly, but it's not likely that Secretary Hull and his co- workers viewed with any particular pleasure the activities of the Senator at the League of Nations in these critical hours. Mr. Pope's cablegram to the department, suggesting that the United States and France, as co-authors of the Kellogg-Briand pact, should call a con- ference of the 63 signatory powers in order to prevent an Italo-Ethiopian war, evoked a disinterested reception which spoke volumes, There is no evi- dence that the Idahoan, who is a mem- ber of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has ventured at any time to speak officially for the United States in Europe, but his meanderings and outgivings over there at this delicate international juncture struck many au- thorities in Washington as meddlesome and troublesome. There is undisguised satisfaction in interested quarters that Senator Pope decided not to visit Rome after leaving Geneva this week, x x X X Another Canadian - American water- way, wholly apart from the St. Law- rence project, is contemplated by an act of Congress which escaped general at- tention during the rush and crush of other matters during the late session. The International Joint Commission, which supervises boundary relations be- tween the United States and Canada, is requested by Congress to investigate the advisability of a waterway from Mon- treal through Lake Champlain, to con- nect with the Hudson River. The com- mission is to report to the Ottawa gov+ ernment and to Congress, with its rec- ommendations for co-operation between the two countries in the creation of the proposed canal. United States Army Engineers are expected to assist the Joint Commission in mapping out our end of the project. The American mem- bers of the I. J. C. are former Gov. A. O, Stanley of Kentucky, chairman; former Gov. John H. Bartlett of New Hamp- shire and Eugene Lorton, Oklahoma newspaper publisher. * ok K ok On the same day last week that the Treasury disclosed that Uncle Sam is consuming more legal liquor, to the tune of 14900000 gallons in excess of the total for the first seven months of 1934, the W. C. T. U. closed its sixty-first an- nual convention in Atlantic City with & rousing vote to continue its fight for the return of prohibition. Speakers charged the Federal administration with deliber- ately promoting the liquor traffic for revenue purposes and declared that for this reason the Treasury opposes the reduction of excise taxes. The conven- tion also heard accusations that the New Deal has failed to fulfill the Gov- ernment's obligation to protect dry States by not enacting laws to make effective the second section of the twen- ty-first amendment. * Ok K K Former Democratic Representative W. D. Jamieson of Iowa, who practices law maries and to continue through county and State political units up to and in- cluding the national convention. Some- where along the line, he insists, the constitutional Democrats will win out. It will be an amazing thing if they do, in the face of the Roosevelt organization with all the money it has back of it. However, it was an amazing thing that & Republican, Representative Risk, won election in Rhode the congressional Island on August 6 by & big margin over his Democratic in Washington and as a pastime edits The Window Seat. a breezy political news letter, indulges in a bit of fantasy as to what might have happened if Huey Long had lived to run for Presi- dent next year. Supposing that Gov. Landon of Kansas, whom he regards as the Republican’s best bet, were the G. O. P. candidate against President Roosevelt, Mr. Jamieson thinks the elec- tion might easily have been thrown into the House of Representatives after an electoral college vote turning out as follows: For Roosevelt—Alabama, 11; Arizona, 3; Colorado, 6; Florida, 7; In- diana, 14; Kentucky, 11; Maryland, 8; Mississippi, 9; Missouri, 15; Montana, 4; Nebraska, 7; Nevada, 3; New Mexico. 3; New York, 47; North Carolina, 13; Okla- homa, 11; South Carolina, 8; Tennessee, 11; Texas, 23; Utah, 4; Virginia, 11; ‘Washington, 8; Wisconsin, 12; Wyom- ing, 3. Total—252. For Landon—Cali- fornia, 22; Connecticut, 8; Delaware, 3; Idaho, 4: Illinois, 29; Iowa, 11; Kansas, 9; Maine. 5; Massachusetts, 17; Michi- gan, 19; Minnesota, 11; New Hampshire, 4; New Jersey, 16; North Dakota, 4; Ohio, 26; Oregon, 5; Pennsylvania, 36; Rhode Island, 4; South Dakota, mont, 3; West Virginia, 8. Total For Long—Arkansas, 9; Louisiana, 10; Georgia, 12. Total—31. * x Xk ¥ Norman Thomas denies that the New Deal has carried out the Socialist pro- gram. Writing to the New York Herald Tribune in reply to an article published in its columns alleging that President Roosevelt has gone Socialist, Mr. Thomas says: “If Mr. Roosevelt stole our baby, he is bringing it up very badly. If he appropriated some piece of our clothing while we were in swimming, the resultant attire resembles nothing so much as an African savage in top hat and spectacles. In more sober speech, we Socialists affirm that on the whole Mr. Roosevelt's achievement has been the rescue of capitalism. T. V. A. is the only genuine Socialist legislation to his credit. Both N. R. A. and A. A. A— whatever their incidental and temporary benefits to certain groups—deliberately plan to restore profit by subsidizing scarcity. They are capitalist in their inmost core. No American Socialist government with real power would fix up the banking system and give it back to the bankers, or try to fix up our tot- tering railroad structure in order to make railroad securities more expensive when the time comes that railroads must be nationalized.” * kX X Circulating in Republican political circles is the story that former Gov. John G. Winant of New Hampshire, who has just taken office as chairman of the Social Security Board, looks forward to 1940 as the year when he will throw his hat into the presidential ring. * * % ¥ In choosing Spain and Portugal for a dolce far niente vacation trip to Europe, Secretary Morgenthau hopes to escape stabilization entanglements and other currency vexations while on the other side. He thinks the lands of the peseta and the escudo at present offer more fiscal immunity than any place in the world, although he said he would have gone to Iceland if there had been a boat to Reykjavik. * % ¥ ¥ President Roosevelt was at his best as a politician extraordinary in ending the Ickes-Hopkins feud. All's quiet again on the work relief front, and there will be no resignations, thanks to an- other masterpiece ef Rooseveltian con- ciliation. o No one expects the im- | | be a 50-meter swimming pool. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By .Frederic J. Haskin. A reader can get the answer to any quesrion of fact by writing The Washing- ton Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D.C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. What is the source of the plot of Shakespeare’s “All's Well That Ends Well”?—I., T. A. The plot is based upon a story in Boccaccio’s Decameron. Q. What was the former name of the city of Wilmington, Del.?—E. O. B. A. The original settlement on the site of the present city of Wilmington w: named Christinaham, in honor of t Queen of Sweden. In 1731 a large part of the present territory of the city was owned by Thomas Willing and for him named Willingtown. This was subse- quently changed to Wilmington when the city was incorporated in 1739. Q. Why is a certain kind of corn bread called hoecake?—B. C. A. This thin corn meal bread was originally baked on the blade of a hoe. Q. Can an ex-soldier have his pen= sion sent to him in a foreign coun- try?—J. C. E. A. A soldier's pension voucher will be forwarded to him to any foreign coun- try. It is necessary merely to notify the Pension Office of his change in address. Q. What are some of the occupations classed as extra-hazardous?—E. M. A. File cutters show a death rate of 85 per cent in excess of the average. At one time glass blowers suffered a high death rate. Mining carries the risk of explosion and cave-in accidents. Manufacture, involving explosives, en- tails great risk of life. Persons who work with arsenic, lead, phosphorus and benzene are frequently victims of poi- soning. Carbon monoxide poisoning, caisson disease, radium and X-ray burns, and anthrax are other diseases due to occupation. PQ;i What were the Coventry plays?— A. A set of 42 plays combining the morality and the mystery, acted during the sixteenth century at Coventry, or thereabout, on Corpus Christi day. They were probably written by the clergy and were widely attended. Q. How old an organization is the American Surnday School Union?— L.C.C. A. It dates back to 1767, when. under the name of the First Day Society, it began its work by helping the Sunday schools of Philadelphia and vicinity. Q. What is the population of Holly- wood, Calif,, and how old is the suburb? —A. R. A. Hollywood was founded in 1887 and incorporated in 1903. In 1810 it was annexed to Los Angeles. The popu- lation is 153,204, Q. What preparations are being made lnLBerlm for the 1936 Olympic games? —L. E. A. Four stadia are under construction. A Greek theater with a seating capacity of 20,000 is being built and there is to A sport hall larger than Madison Square Garden is planned and an equestrian stadium with stables for 100 horses. Q. What is the strength of the reserve trained in Great Britain, France. Ger- many, Italy, Japan and the United States?—G. T. S. A. Great Britain has 696946 trained reserves; France, 6328000; Germany, 1,000,000; Italy, 5885.000: Japan, 1952,- 000; United States, 309,609. Q. Please give a biography of Noel Coward —M. C. A. Born in England in 1889, Mr. Coward is a playwright, actor, director and musi- cal composer. He was a child actor and early began to write plavs. At 25 he was | well known in all English-speaking coun- tries. Some of his productions ar ter Sweet,” “Cavalcade,” “Thi: Grace,” “Hay Fever,” “The Vortex, 3 Virtue,” “Private Lives,” and “Design for Living.” Q. Who built the first schooner?’—M. R. A. The first schooner was built at Gloucester, Mass, in 1713, by Capt. Andrew Robinson. Q. Where is Peace River?—L. L. A. It rises in West Central Canada west of the Rockies and flows east and northeast about 1,000 miles to Great Slave River, just north of Athabasca Lake. Q. Why was China once called Seres? —W. W. A. The ancient name was derived from a word meaning silk. Q. Who is called the father of Ameri- can pomology?—E. C. A. Willlam Coxe (1762-1831), whose experiments had a pronounced effect on the early development of pomology in America. Q. What is a dugong?—A. V. F. A. It is an aquatic mammal, native to Australia and the Indian Ocean, and closely related to the manatee. Its body is bluish-gray and seal-like, with front flippers and a broad. flat tail. The flesh is edible and considered a great delicacy by the Malays. The oil is used as a substitute for cod-liver oil, a full- grown animal producing 10 or 12 gallons. Q. When was the fez abolished in Turkey?—N. N. A. It was abolished in 1928 by the new Turkish government. Q. What is the Emmanuel Movement? —M. B. L. A. It was inaugurated by Dr. Elwood Worcester and practiced, in association with Dr. Samuel McComb, in Emmanuel Church, Boston, for the treatment of nervous disorders and organic diseases. It involves the practice of psychotherapy and of faith healing in co-operation, where expedient, with medicine. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton A Blue-Eyed Youngster ‘When Jim left his Alma Mater Mother Earth had given him uscle-making bumps in foot ball, Sky-blue eyes and headlong vim. Jimmy tackled life and commerce With a whistle on his lip, And the town’s strategic gaming Caught the youngster on the hip. All its tactics were confusing, Ethics, strife and mental din, Till Jim wished his Alma Mater Would reach out and haul him in. Yet he plugged on, hitding, missing, In the game that deviled himee Eyes like blue steel at the finish, Zapth will have & man in Jim,