Evening Star Newspaper, September 16, 1935, Page 3

THE EVENI NG STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, SEP more favorsble. 3. Even though fighting shou'd TEMBER 16, 1935. promising to stand by the covenant ¢ A-3° in its favor tends to awaken hope. e e———————————————————————————————————————————— e —————————————————— hostilities until the peace outlook is | had been pretty well given in Sir least despair for the covenant because Samuel Hoare's speech at Geneva | }lhe evolution of the British opinion Tense Moment at League Session LITHUANIA READY 10 DEFEND MEMEL President States Country’s Position in Dispute With Germany. By the Assoclated Press. PALANGA, Lithuania, September 16.—President Antanas Smetona, in the first interview he has granted in six years, declared to the Associated Press that Lithuania, relying to the utmost on the legality and justice of her stand and action in Memel affairs, is ready at any time to defend her position before the Permanent Court of International Justice. But, should an éffort be made to disreggrd legality and justice in favor of force, Lithuania is prepared, stated President Smetona, to “defend Memel with all the means at her command.” The determination back of this statement is apparent in word and gesture in conversation with Lithu- ala’s leader, who has in Memel and Vilna two international problems out of all seeming proportion to the size and strength of Lithuania. Blockade Is Painful. He regards as Lithuania's chief problem in Memel today the action of Germany in practically stopping all imports from Lithuania, with “result- Scene at the session of the League of Nations during the discussion of the Italo-Ethiopian situation when the exposition by Prof. Gaston Jeze, Ethiopian delegate, was made. left of Premier Plerre Laval of France, belonging to the Italian delegate, Baron Pompeo Aloisi, and the German delegate, are vacant, At the rigkt of M. Lavai are Ruiz Guinazu, delegate from Argentine and president of the session: J. Avenol, secretary general of the League of Nations; Anthon'y Eden of Qre Litvinoff of Russia and M. Beck of Czechoslovakia. It is noticed that the two seats at the at Britain, Secretary ~—Wide World Photo. ant economic pressure” and what he terms the “relentless influence of for- eign propaganda.” He blamed. such propaganda for much of the ap- parent confusion. “The Memel citizen, confronted by | the propoganda forces of a large and | powerful nation, cannot help but bei bewildered. | “The Memel general elections will | take place on September 29 and the government of the republic guarantees that they will take place in full liberty | as they have in the past. Unfortu- | nately, factors which do not depend on the will of the government have | been long since leading towards illegal action with the purpose of influencing | the will of the Memel population. There is every reason to expect that | these factors will increase their activ- 1ty as the date of the elections approch. | “Any changes which the government might eventually consider necessary in the present election procedure | would, without any doubt, be made in full conformity with the Memel statute.” | Area Vital to Country. | To President Smetona the policy of his country as regards Memel is, he indicated, a simple, direct one: That of reliance, as far as possible, on “in- ternational justice and the interna- tional rules by which we are bound.” “Memel territory is not large,” states the soft-spoken, bearded, scholarly appearing man, first President of Lithuania and President again since | Text of Hitler’s Speech League, Soviet Russia and Jews Come in for Attack in Address to Reichstag Assembled in Neurnberg. By the Associated Press. NUERNBERG, Germany, September 16.—The text of the address of Reichsfuehrer Hitler to the Reichstag yesterday follows: Deputies and men of the German Reichstag: In the name of th> German Reich's government I have asked the Reichs- tag President, Party Comrade Goer- | ing, to convoke the German Reichs- tag in a session at Nuernberg today. 1 basis of the autonomy stipulated by: a treaty granted to Memel Germans. German Element Mistreated for Years. For years the German element in . | this territory have been maltreated | and tortured, contrary to laws and | treaties. They are treated worse than criminals in other countries just be- cause they are Germans. This great nation must constantly | take notice now, contrary to law and This place was chosen because it | treaty stipulations, the blood brothers is intimately connected with the Na- tional Socialist movement and with the laws which I have to propose to you today at a time when the greatest number of Deputies, as party mem- bers, are still in Nuernberg. Before proposing these laws I should like to give you a number of brief general remarks. People of Germany Find Way to Unison. The first part of the party con- vention at Nuernberz has been fin- of its people who were raided during peace and wrenched from the Reich | are treated. Protests in Kaunas of signatory powers were without results. The | German government looked upon all this with deep regret. We hope some day these assurances will not assume | forms which might be regretted by the whole world. Preparations for coming elections constitute a breach of the treaties. Lithuania must be admonished with 1926. “Memel is to us an economic | ished. Army day »will be concluded necessity, not a political issue. We; ;:’;’;g‘;"“"fim:::ntl"f":::se:z"zp::’: L] t sre too small & natlon to engage 1|, o0y Sine tmpression of the past Il]l possible means to hold to these | treaties. 000,000 persons has a right to demand | Finally, however, a nation of 65.-‘ the Jews the government will try to bring about legal regulation. The law, which will be read by Goering, constitutes, however, only an attempt at legal regulation. However, should this not work, we will have to take it up once again. If Jewish agitation within and with- out Germany continues we will then examine the situation again. Now I propose to the Reichstag the | acceptance of the laws which party comrade and Reichstag President Goering will read to you. The first and second laws bear & vote of gratitude to the movement under the symbol of which Germany regained her freedom, in that it ful- fills an important point of the pro- gram of the National Socialist party. The second is an attempt at the legal regulation of a problem which if it fails must be turned over to the Nazi party for final solution. ‘The National Socialist party, and with it the German nation, stands be- hind all three laws. i 1 request you indorse these laws. Geneva right to exist as a political institu- tion.” De Valera, in the course of his speech, asserted: “Today's cynicism is our teacher, | telling us that man in the long run | |is only a beast, and that his duty is start, the* League Covenant leaves some elaaticity for treatment of “taly's case, providing Mussolini does not actually declare war. Article 16 of the Covenant says “Should any member of the Leagus resort to war,” but it has not been clear whether military action on either side would be definable r.s war. Peace Plan Due Today. ‘The Five-Power Committee’s peace plan, to be completed today or to- morrow, will comprise a preamble and & definite project for collective assis’- ance for Ethiopia. ‘The preamble was understood In League circles to refer to Italo-Etni- opian memoranda, and the detailed plan itself to be an amplification of the proposals advanced at the tri- power Paris conversations and re- Jjected by Italy. Officials said there would prcbably be provisions for an internationsl po- lice force, but more in the nature of stiffening the Ethiopian police than giving any preponderant power to Italy, In economic and financial fields, Italy would be accorded virtually free | play, and there would probably be territorial adjustments. . FRENCH ENTHUSIASM WANES, Situation Held “Very Dark” by Paris | Officials. | PARIS, September 16 () —Premier | Mussolini’s deflance of the League of Nations and what the French called Reichsfuehrer Hitler's threat against | Memel dampened French enthusiasm | for the punishment of aggressor na- | tions today. of the League of Nations. NEW FORCES TO FRONT. Vanguard of New Ethiopian Force Leaves Capital. ADDIS ABABA, September 16 (#). -—The vanguard of 3,000 addit‘onal soldiers, destined to bolster Ethiopia’s fighting forces, marched off for the frontier today. They left the capital, many of their women folk insisting on accompany- ing them, after 2,000 Ethiopians beg- ged openly for arms yesterday before Emperor Haile Selassie’s palace. The King of kings came to a win- dow for a moment to appease the crowd which engaged in war dances, brandishing weapons and shouted: “We want war.” Coal (Continued Prom First Page.) officials continued negotiations toward a new wage contract. ‘The present agreement expires next Sunday midnight, after a fifth exten- slon arranged Saturday night by Ed- ward F. McGrady, Assistant Secretary of Labor. ‘The fate of the Guffey act is close- ly interwoven with the industry’s wage | and hour structure. Would Assure Stability. The act was designed to assure sufficient income to meet its wage obligations and give stockholders a | reasonable profit. Officials here said “Hitler went very far” in his speech at Nuernberg yes- | terday and that the general situation | was “very dark.” | ‘They cautiously disclaimed any fear that Germany would precipitate trouble while Italy is busy in Ethiopia, {but foresaw dangers, no matter how the League acts, Enthusiasm Diminishes. French newspapers’ enthusiasm for Premier Laval's support of Sir Samuel Hoare, the British foreign secretary, was diminishing. The press expressed | hope France would retain Italy's friendship, especially in view of the fact that the German swastika flag has been officially unfurled. The newspaper L'Ordre called the Nuernberg meeting “camouflaged mobflization.” while the newspaper Le Figaro said there was a hint of even- tual war to regain Memel in Hitler's | charge that the League aided in its “thefts.” French authorities, convinced Italy could not be prevented from going to war with Ethiopia, said they hoped to get Premier Mussolini to sign a pact guaranteeing Austria’s independence before he plunged into the East African adventure, Danubian Pact Planned. ‘There is nothing in the act to pre- vent a strike. However, its proponents thought if it were enacted it would aid in pre- | venting a strike. They expected it | to improve conditions among the bituminous workers. | Former French Ambassador T0LAGK STRENGTH to Rome, However, Sees | Awakened Hopes. BY HENRY DE JOUVENEL, Senator and former Ambassador to Rome. wno laid the grounawork 1or tne rranco- | Italian accord of January 7. | (Written for the Associated’ Press.) PARIS, September 16.—If the League of Nations were reaily an organized society—that is, if it had power to make its principles re- spected—there would have been no Italo-Ethiopian conflict. - Ethiopia would have found itself constrained to keep the engagements | she took when she was admitted to Geneva, Italy would have faced risks without having reasons to enter war. Power Declared Gone. | The Walwal incident, even if it had occurred, would have been settled in & week. But the League of Nations is only an academy, because the United States is not a member, because Japan | i has left and been rewarded for leav- ing by permission to make war on China, because Germany has gone ! out and Great Britain immediately | forgot a disarmament conference and concluded a separate naval accord | with Hitler, Having resigned from the French aelegation at Geneva some eight years | | 820 in order to warn my country of | the powerlessness of the League of Nations, having been confirmed in my | conviction by the Sino-Japanese War | and the War of Chaco, seeing the League of Nations inspire the Negus | to resistance and yet unable to go to | his aid, having heard Hoare (Sir | Samuel Hoare, British foreign secre- Under it, wages and hours are left tary) properly declare that sanctions to collective bargaining. The act provides that the industry charge enough for its coal to cover cost of production and a reasonable profit. | Before it became law, a number of | producers said they would have to cut | wages If the industry’s price structure continued to move downward, as was | the trend after the collapse of N. R. A. price fixing. Fear of competitive duels has been the producers’ principal argument | against raising wages at this tine. ' Even though the Guffey act would permit them to charge enough for their coal to cover an increase in wages, they contend their marker would be contracted to such an ex- tent that they would lose money in the long run A strike call is threatened unless a new wage and hour agreement is reached. |to be real must be unanimous and satisfied as I am they would not be because there is not even a sign of the existence of an international police, I believe only diplomatic negotiations conducted quietly and at Addis Ababa as much as at Rome would have | settled the Walwal affairs thereby perhaps avoiding the Italo-Ethiopian conflict and certainly Italo-British conflict. But much as I regret to see the League of Nations burdened with a task that seems to me too heavy for its present strength, I do not in the If Great Britain 10 years ago had applied the principles Hoare zupperted s0 eloquently, there would no more be & war between Italy and Ethiopia than there would have been a war between Japan and Chira. . BRITISH TO OPEN HUGE ARMY GAMES TOMORROW | By the Associated Press. LONDON, September 16.—The big- gest British Army maneuvers since the Great War will open in Hamp- shire tomorrow under the personal direction of Sir Archibald J. Mont- gomery Massingberd, chief of the gen- eral staff. Fifty thousand men, 300 tanks, sev- eral cavalry brigades and squadrons of planes from every military district will be represented in the battle zone of 100 square miles. The plan of Gen. Massingberd ap- proximates closely one of the oute standing engagements of the late war, making a nearer approach to actual warfare than in any maneuvers since the armistice, - BRAVE MEN WEEP Tear Gas Makes Downtown EIl Paso Cry. EL PASO, Tex.. September 16 (/) | —Brave men shed tears along with hundreds of other persens here last night gvhen a cloud of tear gas drift- ed inlo the downtown section Presumably released by pranksters, the gas routed a theater crowd, drove persons from one city park and sent pedestrians staggering on the streets, Police are investigating. DENTISTRY on uth and My m successful an 3 o0d 4 every meni. Terms may be arranged. Since last April 1 the President has asked the United Mine Workers—- claiming 400,000 members—to extend | Premier Laval and Sir Samuel were reported by authorities to have agreed Williams 0il-0-Matic in operation at our | during recent talks on collective se-| curity in Europe to push a Danubian pact to the quickest possible con- clusion. political bargaining, as we are too | small a country to engage in counter- | prapaganda. Our only point is that | Memel, containing Lithuania’s only | seaport, is an essential part of! Lithuania. And the freedom and | preservation of Lithuania is to her | people a precious thing.” | If, under the circumstances, Memel has been given the title of “danger spot” in European affairs, President Smetona can only, he declares, plead Lithuania's fervent desire for peace. In a two-hour discussion of Lithuania’s | viewpoints, in his Summer villa here, he asserted repeatedly the desire of his country for friendly relations with | | that she is not respected less than | the arbitrariness of 2,000,000 persons. | Bolsheviks Spread | Hatred Among Peoples. Unfortunately, we see that despite the fact an understanding between na- tions is needed more than ever, the | Bolshevik Internationale from Moscow vainly longed for during centuries has | ‘;“:g”.‘;‘:"g’n";‘:mlg:‘“’y spreading been achieved at last. We are a| % . united nation of brethren, free of | The farce of the recent commur:n i ihition, | CONBress at Moscow is effective in mutual presupposition and inhibition. | i e cnvsciine of the This eternal strength will tomorrow | Under: ng‘dnlliz zae St S be represented by a nicture which the | 1OR-meddling” policy 4 ; ! the same power. e I gy © BR: 55 As we, taught by our own ex- 4 | This shall not be & mass demon- | perience and as we can ascertain year. The German people have found a way to an historical, never- experienced unison and discipline. This expression of the stability of | the movement is at the same time the expression of power of the present regime. What one German nation has determined and his destiny ruled by| A finished draft of the proposed selfishness and passion—but force is | pact was said to have been communi- his weapon and victory rests with cated by the French government to the most brutal. | interested nations with an urgent re- “Yesterday, believing war as an|quest that it be accepted for the instrument of aggressive national pol- | earliest possible signing. icy was outlawed, our thoughts were French sources described the peace | busy with the possibility of a union | plan to be submitted by the five-power | of Europe. - {cnmmmee of the League of Nations | “Today, before the mangled bodies | Council as a “last forlorn hope.” of the youths of this continent have | yet been mercifully assimilated with | thus: clay, we are awaiting the resuit of an| eleventh-hour attempt to postpone the | for expansion, ceding of the Ogaden | opening of a conflict which may set | territory to Italy by Emperor Haile the peoples of the world mutilating | Selassie, granting to Italy of the right and destroying each other again.” to “peaceful penetration” of all terri- They outlined its probable proposals | League recognition of Italy's need | both Germany and Poland, as with all | stration, but only an exposition of other neighboring nations. the internal value of our new army. He made it plain that he does not | The German people can be happy eonsider the door closed to a rap- | with this regained strength after so prochement with Germany, but | terrible sufferings and long uncon- Lithuania will never agree, he de- | sciousness. clared, to “obtain this rapprochement | ing a time which sesms to be exposed at the price of a taint to its sover- | to a serious crisis. Heavy Responsibility Imposed Upon Leadership. Germany is healthy again. Her af- fairs internally and externally are in order. A heavy burden is the responsi- bility imposed on the leadership of | the Reich during so serious times. YOUNG REPUBLICAN RESPONSE IS HAILED And this especially dur- | | through the experiences of other states, do not expect anything to re- {‘sult from protests and representations | to Moscow, we are determined to meet | Communism in Germany with more effective measures of National Social- ism. ‘The party convention left no doubts that National Socialism will not curb in the most radical fashion any | attempt by Moscow Bolshevism to :gnln a foothold in Germany or insti- | | gate a revolution in Germany. Jewish Elements. | Separators of People. Britain’s Role Cited. De Valera referred to Great Brit- |ain’s role in the recent history of Ireland when he came to speak of the “attitude of my own nation in this crisis.” | Ireland, he said, “has no imperialist | ambitions—although a mother coun- try, we covet no colonies and have | no dominions.” Solis said Italy was the strong, | powerful party in the present con- | flict and “her attitude, whether right or wrong, must interest all big powers, since it enabled them to see clearly tories occupied by tribes not recog- nizing the Emperor's authority, and abandonment by Halle Selassie of cer- tain conquered territories adjacent to the Italian colonies which would re- | vert to their former rulers under an Italian protectorate. NAVAL AID REPORT SCOUTED. Circles Are Doubtful Laval Pledged Help. LONDON, September 16 (#)—Re- London | ports that Premier Laval has given outside House Paint the present scale again and egain so | as to give Congress time to pass the | Guffey bill. That measure, contain- ing price-fixing provisions, was de- signed to give the coal producers s | means of paying the higher wages| | asked by the miners, Peelee Porch and Floor Enamel Semi-Gloss Enamel ... Flat Wall Paint . Shingle Stain .. Interior Gloss Favorite Varnish Stain I”§PE‘CIAI9.9 . Gleci [ New Type Applicater. ... Qt. --3 .95 modern show rooms. WILLIAMS (OlLoMA OIL BURNERS C COLONIAL FUEL OIL, INC. 9 De Sales St. MEtropolitan 1814 The Yellow Section of Your Phone Book s Dealers in Colonial Fuel Oil. Learn More About the Wonderful Williams 0il-O-Matic Burner By C W. F. HUMMER & SON 802 B St. N.E. LIncoln 5800 | | Great Britain a pledge of naval aid | No. 7 Floor Varnish - 115 Constitution Day Rallies Called in 2,000 Counties in 42 States. By the Associated Press. DES MOINES, Iowa, September 16. ~Spokesmen for the Young Republi- can National Committee reported yes- terday an “enthusiastic response” has | greeted its call for young Republican | Constitution day celebrations in more than 2,000 organized counties through- out the country. George Olmsted of Des Moines, na- tional chairman, said meetings have been planned in towns and cities by | young Republicans of all the 42 States which so far have been prganized. He referred in a statement to the prompt response to the call as “the most convincing demonstration I have | seen in recent years of the great confidence young people have in the Constitution and their instant enthu- | slasm in responding to an appeal to| reaffirm their belief in the American principles that are so vitally alive in the Constitution today.” Arrangements have been made for Alexander Hamilton of New York, | descendant of Alexander Hamilton, to | speak on “The Living Constitution” at the Women'’s National Republican Club in New York City on Constitu- tion day, it was announced. |see fit to conclude friendship agree- | out its hand. However, the German There can be only ene yardstick for | our conduct: Our great unshakable love for peace. Such a confession, it seems to me, is necessary now because unfortunate- | ly a certain part of the international press constantly tries to weave Ger- | many into a circle of their specula- tions. We do not wish the international press to pull Germany into any of its speculations. Sometimes it is said we will start a war with France, at other times we are going to attack Austria, then again that we will start a war with Russia. But I don't know where. ‘These menaces are then represent- ed as an argument for a necessity of forming various coalitions. Just as magnanimously is German friendship offered or treated as an object which is at the immediate disposal of any statesman who stretches out his hand for it. Army Reconstructed To Preserve Freedom. The German government does not ments with every country which puts government makes its decisions not against any one, for it takes decisions only which can be brought into con- sonance with the conscience of the German people. ‘The purpose of the reconstruction of the German Army was not to i threaten or take liberty from any European nation, but solely to preserve Eight-Wheeled Automobile. 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Memel, which was stolen from Ger- many, and the robbery legalized by the League of Nations, has for years tortured Germans only because they are members of the German nation and because they wanted to remain Germans. This robbery was legalized on a = Turn your old trinkets, jewelry and watches into MONEY at— A.XKahn Jnc. Arthur J. Sundlun, Pres. uth st |43 YEARS at 935 F S'I"R.E%T Furthermore, we must notice here, like anywhere else, mostly Jewish ele- ments are at work exclusively. They appear as agitators among and sep- | arators of people. The insult to the German flag in the United States, United States apologized in dignified form, shows how far the international | Jewish agitation has progressed. It is an illustration of the feeling of Jewry, even in an official capacity toward Germany, and an effective confirmation of the correctness of our National Socialist legislation, which | from the beginning amms at prevent- ing, once for all, similar incidents. Should there be necessary, however, further emphasis of this in our con- ception, then it is amply explained by the renewed boycott of Jews starting against Germany. The German peo- ple have become impatient because German Jewry, encouraged by inter- national propaganda, believed it could stage similar protests in Germany. This international unrest in the world unfortunately seems to have awakened a conception among Jewry in Germany that now, perhaps, the time has come to confront Jewish interests with German national inter- ests, Serious complaints have been launched from numerous sides about the provoking behavior of individual members of this race, so in the re- markable increase of and conformity in the complaints a certain plan of action became apparent. Amicable Relation Sought in New Law. This conduct climaxed demonstr: tions which occurred in a Berlin movie house against a harmless for- eign film, through which, however, Jewish circles believed themselves hurt. 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While official spokesmen for the various delegations endeavored to avoid outright admissions of failure in private conversations, French and British circles indicated the Italian | cabinet communique Saturday closed the door to any compromise, There were still individual dele- for the situation, citing three grounds: 1. Premier Benito Mussolini’s words, they insisted, have sometimes been harsher than his intentions. 2. The Ethiopian rainy season, out- lasting predictions, may postpone LAWYERS' BRIEFS RUSH PRINTING BYRON S . ADAMS “See ETZ and See Better” Parents who make reading easy for themselves often forget their children’s eyes. Perhaps your child is suf- fering from eyestrain, too. ETZ Optometrists 1217 G St. N.W. gates, however, who saw some hopes | f{ were discounted today in authoritative quarters. While these sources said they had no information regarding such a pledge, they indicated they would be most surprised to learn such a prom- ise had been given. 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