Evening Star Newspaper, December 13, 1934, Page 8

NGTON, D. €, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1934, THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON,D.C THURSDAY. .December 18, 1934 | THEODORE W. NOYES. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Blsiness Ofce 11th 8t. and Pennsylvanis Ave. New Yors fice: 110 East 42nd 8 hicago Offic Lake Miclhigan Build: ropean Offl .}_1 4‘ l‘(v;‘xrnl St.. Londs S lan Rate by Carrier Within the City. = Ry ecular Edition, S 43¢ ser month r (when 4 Sunday "he Evening aud Sunday 8¢ (when 5 Sundays)..... The Sunday Star.. 5c per coby Night Final Fdition. Night Pinal and Sunday Stsr, 70c per month Night Final Star 55e per month Collection msde st tlie ‘eud of each! onth, Orders imay be sent by wail or elephone NAtional 000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. atly and Sunday. 1yr,$1 aly only 15t Bunday only. All Other States and Canada. il and Sunday. 1 yr ily only Sy = *300% 1 o, Bunday only. 5.00; 1mo. Buc | Member of the Associated Press. The Assocluted Press is exclusively ens #tled to the use for republication of all aews dispatches credited {0 it or uot other- wise crediied in this paper and al<o the local news publizhed herein. —All rights of | publication of -pecial di-patchies herein are also reserved National Preparedness. “The time has come.” the President said. “to take the profit out of war” By his the President sbsence the of clouds which might conceivably mean a war involving this country. We are at peace with the world, and is no immediate d broken. the time propitious For the general Interpretation reference to the the from | those time meant international horizon there iger of its being And the President considers | uary 13. | amicable settlement ‘xr:ull abroad of legislative efforts to “take | the profit out of war" will not be| that the United States is determined | to remove the possibility of | to cut the nitions be construed as representing & pro- gram of military prepareduess. and ‘these are always open to suspicion regardless of the motives. Taking the profit out of war is another way of expressing mobilization of an en- tire nation in time of war. Tt me the practical nationalization of every industry, of every mustering in member of an army. only a relative few of whom would be called on ac- tually to be: Such war plans have been made in France and in Italy. It quire the revelations of huge to munitions time of war to bring home the WA, of its mu-| efforts or future profit such IS would resoutee, and en the of every cit 8 arms did not re- profits makers and otliers in | need | for such plans in this or othier nations. | And it is doubttul if the act of “taking the profit out of wir"—which might be comparatively simple under such & program as proposed in 1932 by the | ‘War Policies Commission— would make war less probuble. It might have thi opposite effect. Ti would make less expensive, and therefore remove one of the natural safeguards axuinst war. That may explain in part some of the antagenism President’s plans among members of the Seuste Committee investigating the muuitions industry, aroused by the appointment yesterday of a group of advisers who will propose legislation designed to take the profit out of war. One of the aims of the current inve gation of the munitions industry has | been to arouse public sentiment against the tremendous profits secured by “nier- chants of death.” and to allempt to show their real interest in fomenting war. Should sentiment exist when war was threatened, would it not tend to remove the possibility of war? But if a nation is assured in ad- vance that no one shall profit by war; that profiteering and the huge waste of public moneys which flow into the pockets of a few shall be prevented, one objection to war is removed. Seq- ator Nye and some others may feel that the Senate Committee and the | President are aorking &l cross-pur- poses. Certainly Senator Nye's fear that the President has launched this pro- gram in order to block or hiuder the work of his commitiee does not seem wholly justified. Senator Nye's com- mittee has been dealing with the past and with what connections the past may have with the present. The President’s program looks to the fu- ture. It conlains the wisdom of pre- paredness for something that the his- tory of the world so clearly shows may happen again. It is not & simple un- dertaking and it is not to be construed as a movement designed in the name | of peace. to the 50 quickly such ——os ©One fact that helps to promote crime {s that it is so much easier to acquire the technique of a machine gun than that of a snow shovel. oot A board is at work (o take the profits out of war. Hopes of loan repayment cause Uncle Sam to look for method of removing the losses. R A League Army. Close on the heels of its achievement in preventing war between Yugoslavia and Hungary the Council at Geneva has chalked up another record by cre- ating a League of Nations “armjy M is the international force organized for the purpose of supervising the forthcoming plebiscite in the Saar, which is to decide whether the terri- tory shall remain under Teague juris- diction, return to Germany or become part of France. Both the Germans and the French assented to the forma- #ion of the Saar “army” and will share the expense involved in sending it to the Basin and maintaining it until its work is accomplished. The force will consist of 1,500 British troops, 1,300 Italian, 250 Dutch and 250 Swe- dish. The total of 3.300 men will be eommanded by a British general, but will be responsible exclusively to the some | However, stress was laid | tion from the President and My | temipted to tinker directly | move. s gaining ground that if there is to be | | | vention Saar Basin governing commission, as the agent of the League. Thus, for the first time, the Geneva international organization upon the experiment of utilizing armed forces for the execution of one of its mandates. The League Is charged, under the treaty of Versailles, with re- sponsibility for & free and fair vote when the time comes for the residents of the Saar to choose their future political end territorial status. Not long ago there were alarming| indications that France would seek the approval of the League for a plan to march French troops into the Basin to ward off the peril of a N. utsch” on the eve or al the time of the pleb- iscite next month. The Germans bit- terly resented this threat and the ancient specter of grave tronble in the Saar seemed to be assuming (he char- | acter of an early reality. Sane statesmanship in both Berlin and Paris won the day, with the re- sult that & neutral international force was decided upon for policing pur- poses. December 22 and remain until the plebiscite has taken place on Jan- The fact that Germany and France have already agreed on an for transfer of the cogl mines to Germany, plus the prospect that the Saarois will vote by 4 large majorily to resume their old roles as citizens of the Reich, out strong probability that the situa- tion filled Furope with which has anxiety for so many years is at length | to vanish from the danger realm. The is & feather in the League's none too handsomely decorated cap and one that nobody will bexrudge it | ‘- Reciprocity. President Roosevelt and his Secre- tary of State, Cordell Hull, calied for | foreign matkels, as the . and the world's tew matkets remedy for Amerioa ! depression, in speeches read at the convention of the American Faim Bureau Federation n Nashville They were speaking particularly the need for expansion of the expor- of farm products 100, on the for markeis abroad American industry. The Secre- tary of State has labored in season and out since he became a member enn tation American need increased for of the President’s cabinet 10 steer the | i freer | administration’s policy toward mearkets. The fist result My Hull's efforts was the passage of the co-called reciprocal trade agreements law, giving the President authority to i stiate with foreign nations and to of lower or raise tariff duties in order 0 bring about agreements. The United States alveady has entered into trade relations with Cuba, arrangements are in the & dozen other foreign and similar making with | nations ¢ The messages read to the conven-| Hull meaning tade apidly an only be interpreted as that the policy of reciprocal asreements will be pre as possible. that still further steps may be under- taken, It has been Mr. Hull's posi- lion for & long time that the recipro- cal trade sgreements could not com- pletely fill the Lill, but that there must be a general lowering of the bar- the mnations against The Democrats vers erected by uiternutional trade. since they came into control of the Government, have not at- with veneral tariff schedules. Indeed. the time did not seem ripe for such a Nevertheless, the impression however, real recovery that can take care of the powers of production in this coun- there must be & large resumption of iuternational coramerce. The President in his telephonic message to the Farm Bureau con- said that increases, proper increases, in farm income in this country could not come “unless more of our export trade is paid for by fuicreased imports. Mr. Hull said frankly that if efforts 1o restore in- ternational trade, through a lower- ing of the barriers, were not eveninal- ly successful, & permanent policy of “regimentation” would become neces- ary .n this country, with a com- plete change in our economic svstem, & pémsnent increase in inent and a loweriug of the standards of living, It world commerce could be forced to the ligh level of $40.000,000000 annually, instead of the present low of $15.000,000,000, as Mr. Hull pro- poses, then, indeed, world depression and depression in this country would cease. It seems incredible that the peoples of the world, including the United States, will be unable to meet this problem of restoration of inter- uational trade, which seems at omnce a remedy for present ills and a har- binger of new heights for modern civilization. . unemploy- R Nobody mentions Al Capone. He may have been amused by speculation on how his name is pronounced, but now he would prefer not to mentioned at all. D Samuel Johnson. Today certain Englishmen and probably some Americans will go to Westminster Abbey to pay tribute to Samuel Johnson, the Grand Cham of British letters. The occasion is the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of his departure from the world scene. It was on the evening of De- cember 13, 1784, that he found rest from the physical ills and mental torments which aiways had aficted him. But it is not Johnson's death that will be commemorated. Rather, it will be his life—the great career Which he had, despite his handicaps. Few other men ever have triumphed over difficulties so successfully or left so notable @ name. He was born to suf- fer, a creature of “many infirmities.” His inheritance included an awkward body, defective evesight, inordinate pride and sensitivity, a morbid pro- pensity to sloth, a gloomy and irrita- ble temper and bitter poverty. His education, in the accepted meaning of the word, was inconsequential. At twenty-two he launched himself on an enterprise of literary conquest which 1 embarks It will occupy the Basin on holds | There is the implication | the | dividual would have seemed utterly vain, He lacked health, money, friends, Elrsluinx and experience—but he was determined. In London a publisher to whom he | applied for employment bluntly told {him: “You had better get a porter's kuot end carry trunks” Even the times were against him. It was (he age when literature had ceased to flourish under the patronage of the great and had not yet begun to enjoy the pat- ronage of the public. But, especially after he had added to his liabilities the respousibility ot a wife, Johnson was obliged to find a way out of his troubles. And the course he found was that which led through Grub Street. The monuments he built there with his pen were “Irene.” “London,” “The Vanity of Human Wishes,” “The Rambler,” the famous dictionary, ‘The Idler,” “Rasselas” and the cele- brated edition of Shakespeare. His “Lives 0f the Pocts™ and “Journey to the Hebrides” came near the end when the struggle was over, Few, however, of Johnson's admir- ers in the twentieth century think of him as a writer. It is through Boswell's representation of him as a talker that they see and love him. He was, certainly, one of the lords of conversation, a prince of spoken uilerance. In brief. he is remembered as a per- sonality, a8 human eoul dearly cher- ished. Fifteen decades have failed to erase him from the hearts of multi- tudes. And the secret of his hold upon afiection is, undoubtedly, the charity and fellow-feeling which were bred in him by his own experience. In 9ld Cincinnati much wealth and subsequent political andacity were cre- ated by the game of policy moral protest, Despite the numbers game may altain a4 similar influence in the future |of 1he United States Capital Iy observed I An insanity plea is expected from the Fredericksburg, Va., man accused of tryiug to poison his wife. Drugs | may call for expert toxicologists to join in varied activity in the war on crime, unless vt There may be wicked motion pic- tures but Will Hays should be able to ure the public that none of them is bad enough to deserve bombing. ———— et —ee o Oriental music is difficult to under- stand. JRpan cannot expect to assert the subtle arti:tic infiuence of a Rus- ian ballet —————————— Some of the Furopeans refuse to laccept & new geography preventing the old game deal in a from going | continues in Russia. although the pre- cal variation, e So many “competitions” have been in order that it is a who has not won prize, lonely citizen scme kind of a R SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Modern Improvements. Christmas €ve, when shadows flit And elfin friends are due, Beside the open fire I'll sit Fond memories to renew, Yet I shall have to change my mind And alter my desire, For as T look around I find There is no open fire, I'm wondering as I review The years now growing ripe How Santa can find ingress through A radiator pipe, Hindrance. “Do you try to be thoroughly in- formed?” “Not alway: answered Senator Sorghum. “Too much accurate in- formation is liable to dull your en- thusiasm in discussing it." day for new resolutions which often celebration the night before. Disguise. Some laughter is merry, Some laughter is sad. Our moods have to vary From better to bad. But who shall deny What sorrows begin In the heartache we try To diseuise with a grin. “Why do you think Crimson Gulch prides itself on & bad reputation?” “It's &n idea of our Board of Trade,” said Cactus Joe. “If we can make the Gulch atlractive to all bandits, it sure will become one of the world's money centers.” Ty manner of deep humility serves to amuse me,” said Hi Ho, the sage of friend Hi Hat to grow more ridiculous as he continues to strut.” Impersonation. Everybody's acting now In tragedy or jokes, All folks seem to wish, I vow, That they were other folks. Everybody's keeping tab As passing fancies rage, Everybody tries to grab The center of the stage. “Education,” says Uncle Eben, “ain’t much help to de man who gits lone- some because he knows more dan anybody kin wait to hear him ex- plain.” ——— “Ickes” on the Air. From the Louisville Courier-Journal. Perhaps by the time this adminis- tration has passed into history the radio-casters will agree on the pro- nunciation of Secretary Ickes’ name, e Somewhere to Leave. From the New Haven Journal-Courier, As we understand Mr. Borah, he wants a new Republican party to secede from. ’ ‘The practice of shooting at sunrise | texts for doing so show traces of politi- | Jud Tunkins says January 1 is the | become especially earnest because of | Chinalown, “since it encourages my | 1 to any less desperately courageous in- Continuing home studies of aquarium water: | Experiments were undertaken, not { particularly with & view toward chang- ing the chemical reactions of any tanks. but simply to find out what the conditions were, It was believed that If tanks with old water and lively healthy fishes tested on the acid side of the scale, a fair deduction might be drawn that such water is best for fishes. ‘The method of testing need not be gone into here, nor the scientific nomenclature, It is enough to say that the fol- lowing results were secured: Waler from the hydrant In Chevy Chase, Md., tested between T4 and 7.6, the point of 7.0 being neutral, the acid side of the scale running to | 6.0, the slkuline side to 7.6. Water in Washington has ranged, in recent tests, from 7.2 to T4. This would indicate that the local water supply is good for aquarium | fishes, especially goldfishes, but, per- haps, is not quite acid enough for the | best care of the small exolic or tropical specimens. ‘This was more or less proved by & test of the water in a 10-gallon equarium, containing 24 three-spot iouramis In the best of health. ‘This water tested 64, quite acid. Another tank, similarly selected be- cause of the health of the fishes n it (these were Rosy Barbs), and which the walcr had not been changed for many mounths, tested which, we believe, would be called about right by those who advocale acidity |of aquarium water. | | * o A small tank (two gallons) with three tropical catfish in it, and some Guppies, tested 62, extremely low The catfishes (Corydoras aenus) were in excellent spirits, but the Guppie: which probably prefer neatral wate did not look so well, A 10-gallon tank of large Angel- fishes, which gre supposed to muke their water acid by natural living tested 7.0, or neutral. These fish were in great spirits and color. About | one-fourth of the water in this tank, o standing for several months, had Leen drawn off about two weeks betore the test, and tempered water added from the faucet A tauk devoied entirely to Guppies tested slightly on the alkaline side. A tank of albina Paradise fishes showed neutral, or 7.0 A tank of A tunk with a Dempsey™ in it showed Tt showing ne weid ack al. large 0, or neut s al probub) had iwhtly until the - troduction of some fresh water from | K | A small bowl of red snails tested { 6.2, the lowest reaction secured. - | Now what is b be made of snl! this which will be of any value | the average person interested in the | keepiug of small fishes 1 the home aquarium? 1t is not to be believed that such an average keeper is going 1o fool around much with such tests. He probably thinks there is enough bother in such & hobby, at the best, {and will not think of adding to it by meticulous tests of water. Besides, he may feel and justl perhaps, that such care would mere worry him and do the fishes no par- ticular good The following deductions, however, | may be made, which ought to help in the management of the average | home_tank: 1. The best tanks will be shightly acid in water brought about by the animal plant life therein. 2. Snails tend to make the water 100 acid. | { | been ucet naturally reaction, and | boost the alkalinity of the tank. | has stood for eight [ than & gallon of water in that time, | and | tor tropical fishes. | out for THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. 8. The addition of water from the faucet (tempered, of course), is per- haps the best way to raise the alka- linity of the old tank, and thus keep ! its water neutral, ready to be made slightly acid again by the life proc- esses in it 4. Plenty of plant life in the aquar- fum will help to keep the water neu- tral or slightly acid. * oK ok X The deliberate making of a tank acid by the addition of a very small amount of an acid salt may not be harmful, may even do good, but it is not &s natural & method as permit- ting the aquarium itsell 1o do this readjusting. Similarly, the addition of an alka- line salt, even in the smallest amount, does not seem so natural and there- fore not as good as to permit the addi- tion of naturally alkaline water to| The ubove tests, as elementary u% they were, showed the operator quite | plainly that snails have a decidedly acidifying action on aquarium water, and that if t00 many of them are per- | mitted In & tank they may make the water oo acid for the best comfort of the fishes. Just what is this Lest comfort is not known exactly, but when & tank months, let us with the addition of not more 1 say, | the fishes and plants are in thriving condition, then whatever that water tests must be shout right The best tanks tested somewhat acid, therefore one may believe that sighitly acid water i, indeed, good A fair deduction is this: That without knowing how the water in a tank tests. the enthusiast may work & severe hardship upon cer- | i fishes by & complete change of water in a tunk, no matter how care- fully he makes the change m regard to keeping the temperature the same Thus, in the case of the tank of three-spot Gouramis, instanced above. it these animals were given s complete chanse of water, or were transferred | o & tank of “new” water, they would | be plunged from water testng 6.4, | rather on the ucid side, to water test-| g perhaps as high as 7.6, distinedly | on the alkaline side Those persons who may have lost | several fishes, after transferring fishes from “old” water to “new” water, will realize that this is the reason, that the | readjustment which the fishes were | required to make was one which the | weiker animals could not sccomplish * x x Ao from | these tesls * It is & satisfying belief. whether ex- actly true or not. that fishes will work | thenielves their best water conditions, it tiey are given a chance Too alkaline water tends to extract acid materizis from fishes and plants | to reuder itself more neutral, Nature's | demand. Too acid water tends to ex- tract alkalies from the living crea- tures | For average, everyday fish keepiug | | it perhaps wili be well 10 use tew, if | any snails, and preterably to put | newly secured fishes i old water, rather than in newly drawn The tendency of the snails. owing to ecretions, is to make the water id for best results with certain sores of fishes If & tank is going along nicely, 1t may be kept in good condition by add- ing & small amount of fresh tempered waler once every two weeks, perhaps. better than by adding any chemical | sults of any description. If these are | are used, not more than one-sixteenth | of a level teaspoonful should be used | per gailon of water i the tank. The next dosage, if needed, should be even | smalier. 1 { i \ \ ‘ | i 'No Need 1o For U e as a ( | To the Editor of The Star: | T congratulate you editorial agalnst the needless sacrince of Washiuglon's East Potomac Park I'h's avea, developed at considerable expense as & park for the use of the people of the Capital and its many visitors, is ideally adapted for recrea | tion purposes. On torrid evenings in Midsummer, when the rest of Wash- inglon is a sweltering furnace, literally thousands of cars crowd the speedway round Hains Poiut carrying men, women and children drawn by the promise of cool breezes from the river. | | At cherry blossom time the park is again crowded with visitors and Wash- ingtonians enjoying the beauty of the double-flowered trees. During the spredboat races the banks of the river are lined with spectators en- joying the thrill of the contes These are extraordinary but every day the park is put to good use for various types of recreation to which the park is peculiarly adapted horseback riding, cycling, roller skating, picnicking and golfing. The four 9-hole golf courses are the most used of any courses in metropohitan Washington. It may not be generally | | known, but it is the practice of & | number of Congressnien to play golf there early mornings during the Spring, thus getling needed recreation and exercise even during busy ses- sions of Congress, The courses are used by literally hundreds of Govern- ment employes and other Washington- ians who otherwise would have to go without recreation, much to the detri- | ment of their physical and mental health. Last Summer sn illuminated driving course for night driving prac- tice was installed and was very pop- ular even for club members who wanted to improve their driving. The conveniently located and cecluded tourist camp, which makes visits to Washington possible to hun- dreds of citizens each vear, would be sacrificed immediately to the projected airport, and, make no mistake about it, eventually all of the recreational facilities of the park would be simi- larly sacrificed. on your strong | Sacrifice Potomac Park ommercial Airport | i And what would be gained In ex- | change for this great sacrifice’ A secoud-rate atrport! In the measure | (hal East Potumac is well adapted tor | Park purposes, it appears tu be ill- | adapted for airport purposes. Unless! the speedway is to be ummediately given up, the field would be belted about by a roadway sometimes jammed vith four lines of automobiles. 1f xhe‘ danger in the road crossing the cen- ter of the Washington-Hoover Field is | obvious, this greater danger, with the | wid of a little imagination, should be | more striking. The Eust Pu\umal‘ Ficld would be girdled on the west by | the high-power lines of the railroad, ' on the north by the tall Government heating plant, on the east by the! Naval Air Station and Bolling Field, from which the air is often crowded with Navy and Army planes. Bound- ed on three sides by water &nd on | the other by the railroad. there would | be no possibility of expansion of the | field should future needs require. | Less than five minutes farther away | is the present Washington-Hoover | Field and the site of the proposed ! Gravelly Pouit Field. If the Military road were closed the Washinglon- Hoover Field would take care of the needs of the District for some time 1o | come. This road should be closed im- | mediately. The ever-present danger | of & crash between a biy passenger plane and a crowded Alexandria or Arlington bus is a threat to life that creates an emergency. It should not be necessary to make & dozen or more | Alexandria or Arlington children or- | phans or fatherless or motherless in order to demonstrate to (lie respon- sible officials this obvious danger. But if this road were closed, the field would have & number of advantages. | It is already equipped with buildings and lights, and, if necessary, it can be greatly expanded. Gravelly Point may have even greater advantages, One thing appears to be clear. ‘There is no urgent need for Wash- ington to sacrifice one of its best loved and most used parks on the altar of the god of speed. CARLETON K. LEWIS. Kept Wondering. From the New York Sun. What fate can be read in the stars‘ for the N. R. A. of 19357 Nothing whatever has been approved yet by | President Roosevelt, if all signs from | Washinglon are reliable. Many ideas | have been advanced by officials of the adminlstration for the improvement of Federal regulation of business. Be- tween now and New Year day there are likely to be several conferences to dis- cuss changes in the present industrial recovery act, with the object of re- modeling it when the act expires next June. If Mr. Richberg's talk to the manufacturers is an earnest of Fed- eral intentions, new recovery legisl tion must enforce co-operation. 1t may be taken for granted the next N. R. A. law will be different in several respects from the existing law. One of the basic problems is to create better machinery for enforcing the fair-practice codes. Will the anti-trust laws be altered so that trade and in- dustry will know more specifically what is legal and what is not legal in business co-operation? Will some agency of the Government have power to fix minimum wages and maximum S hours for each trade and industry? Will section 7a remain under the N. R. A, or will the control of labor rela- tions be vested in some separate Fed- eral agen Nobody outside of the White House may be certain of the answers until Congress meets next month to consider the President’s rec- ommendatigns and his specific quests. ) Congressional Seats. From the Arkansas Gazette. Because of overwhelming Democratic majorities there isn't going to be any “Cherokee Strip” in either house of the next Congress. Maybe the matter will be managed by letting the Repub- licans take back seats, Calvin Hoover. From the Rochester Times-Union. President Roosevelt has appointed to his Drought Commission & man named Calvin Hoover. That's being broad- minded. T. V. A. From the Cleveland Plain Dealer. To the utilities T. V. A. seems to stand for “Taint Valid, Anywayl” | has been recognized . { one atternoon. ThePolitical Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Pennsylvania's triumphant democ- racy apparently intends to go places. The twenty-three Democratic Repre- sentatives from the Keystone State came to Washington & couple of days ago and after a conference announced that Pennsylvania would support Rep- resentative Joseph W. Byrns of Ten- nessee, for Speaker. It was as clever & political move as has taken place in ihis city of politics and politicians in many & day. Mr. Byrns might have been selected for Speaker of the House whether Pennsylvania had made this early announcement or not. Prob- ably he would have been, for he has appeared to have the inside track for some time. But the Pennsylvanians were quick enough to know that a favorable pronouncement by their big | delegation--a delegation of northern Democrats—would clinch the matter, in ull probability. They might as well have the credit, they probably figured, for putting the speakership election on ice as not. It was a maneuver, moreover, which might well give Pennsylvania the right to | muke some demands for, consideration in the organization of the House and in patronage matters. Pennsylvan- fans, by the way, have shown them- selves in the past to be particularly adept not only in political maneuver- ing but also an getting their hands on goodly slices of patronage—sometimes called political pie, LR ‘The Senator-elect. Joseph F. Guffey, is the dominating figure i the pic- ture of Pennsylvania’s democracy. He the Roosevelt leader and the principal dispenser of | patronage for 'he Democrals in the Stale ever since the present adminis- tration came into power. Mr. Gufley accomplistied what was considered im- possible of mccomplishment. He de- frated Senator David A. Reed, Repub- lican, in the Senate race and carvied the State ticket slong with him to vie- tory. Mr. Guffey was influential in bringing sbout the quick pronounce- nent of the Pennsylvania House Dem- | rals for Byrns for Speaker. Stories hiud been published which sligned Mr. Guifey und his Pennsylvanians with other Northern Democrats to put across either the election of a North- ern Democrat perhaps to swing the speakership to Representative Sam Rayburn of Texas, supposed to have the good will of the White House in this contest, The pub- lication of these stories in advance of the action of the delegation in sup- port of Byrns by no means detracted | from the spectacular announcement which the Pennsylvanians have just made, * & & & Other State delegations might have done just what Pennsylvanis Demo- crats have done in the contest. The political “savvy” of the Keystone Staters, however, has long been famous. whether they be Demo- crats or Republicans, Mr Gufley liad the visign to jump to Frankiin | D. Roosevell eatly in the pre-conven- tion contest for the Democrat si- dentisl nomination in 1932, earlier stll been a firm support Alfred E. Smith. But he left Smith and jumped aboard the Roosevelt vandwagon, when the 1932 race began, * ok was & Pennsylvania Republican b the late Willlam S. Vare of Philadelphia, who forced the hands of those distinguished gentlemen who | I had gone to the Republican National Convention in 1928 intent, if they could. upon sidetracking Herbert Hoover and picking either the late President Calvin Coolidge or one of the tavorite-son candidates for the G. 0. P. presidential nomination. The Pennsylvania delegation arrived at Kansas City, the convention city, late It was generally sup- posed that Andrew W. Mellon, Secre- tary of the Treasury in the Coolidge cabinet, would do the talking for the delegation, and Mr. Mellon was slated to go into conference with Wilham M. Butler of Massachusetts, then chairmun of the national commit- tee: Charles D. Hilles of New York aud others influential in the organ- ization. Whike Mr. Mellon was con- feriug. Mr. Vare. who had a big slice of the Penusylvania delegation mn his vest pocket, pul out an announcement to the press that he and his delegates would vote tor Hoover for the presi- dential nomination. Vare left noth- ing for Mellon 1o do but to trail along, which he did the next morning. Mel- lon would not have cut much of a swath as the leader of a segment of the Pennsylvania delegation, and & minority segment at that. ‘The Pennsylvania delegation’s de- cision at the same Kansas City con- vention put the seal of victory upon the candidacy of Charles Curtis of Kan- sas, to be the Vice-Presidential nom- ince of the Republican party in 1928. | This kind of thing does not. as a rule, just happen: it is the result of care- ful and prompt consideration by po- litical-minded leaders. ook % Just now Senator David A. Reed. who lost to Mr. Guffy, is not making political plans for the future. He is going back to Pennsylvania to get into the active practice of law again He has two terms of six years in the Senate. Whether he can permanently erase the political virus from his bleod Is extremely doubtful, although ! he has no present intention of seek- ing public office again. He will hold on to the office of Republican 1w tional committeeman tor Pennsy vania, howeve is interested in what the sel rebuilders miay undertake and in the choice of & party nominee for President in 1936 Indeed, as long as he remains 8 mem- ber of the National Committee, Reed will still be decidedly in the political game whether Le seefs public office Ior nob. EEE Senator William E. Borah Idsho and Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota are to speak tonight in New York on the subject of reorganiz- ing the Republican party. Senator Borah has already said quite a lot about this subject. He is in favor of throwing out the old guardsmen, like Hilles of New York, Roraback of Connecticut and others, and putting new leaders in the picture. The speeches of the Senators are to be made before the Young Republicans Club of New York, of which Chase Mellen, jr., is a leader. Mr. Hilles is the Republican national committee- man from New York and a vice chalrman of the national committee. ‘The rebuilders are likely to have a real job on their hands getting rid | of the old leaders in the organization. But they mean to try it out. * oK k% ‘Theodore Roosevelt, jr., president of the National Republican Club, in New York, discussed the reorganiza- tion of the G. O. P. in a recent bul- letin. What he said sounded a good deal like Borah's pronouncements. For example, Col. Roosevelt said: “At the present moment in the United States the Republican party nationally and in some of the States is believed by many to be blindly reactionary, under the control of the so-called “interests” and careless of the welfare of the average man. As long as the people have this opinion we cannot hope for victory at the polls. “The party must clearly demon- strate that it does not represent blind » H to the speakership or | prakership | of | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIG,J. HASKIN. A reader can get the dnswer to any question of fact by writing The Washington Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. What do seats cost for the base ball games in- Japen in which the American stars are playing?—L. A. A. Bleacher seats at the base ball | games in Japan are worth about 25 | cents jn American money and about isl is charged for the best seats. | Q. How many different issues of | United States stamps have there | been?—A. C. | A. About 5,630 varieties are listed. Q. Where is the communion silver given to the Old North Church in Boston by the King of England?— w. . W. | A. The communion service bearing | | the royal arms is still in the possession of the church, It also has ene of the ! celebrated “Vinegar” Bibles, so named ! from the heading of the twentieth chapter of Luke, which reads: “The { Parable of the Vinegar,” instead of “vineyard,” 1717. Q. What part of the total number of telephones in the United States are |in New York City?—D. H. | A. The New York-Northeastern New Jersey metropolitan district contains one-sixth of the country’s telephones. Q. How is bird-banding carried on? | = |—Ba A. The United States Biological Survey says that bird-banding work is | being developed through the activities tof volunteer co-operators in the | United States and Canada, who are systematically trapping and banding birds. The promiscuous bunding of | fledgling birds is not approved by that | ofice and In enlisting new co-opera- | tors it is desired to obtain the services {only of those who will establish and | muintain trapping stations. This | however, one of the most attractive { methods of studying birds. and each | station has the opportunity to carry {on work that in itself may be an im- | portant contribution to knowledge of | the different species. | Q. What is to be the beneficiary of | the President’s birthday party this year?—A. M. W. | A. The funds instead of going to the ; Warm Springs Foundation will go to various State, county and city organi- | zations engaged in studying the eradi- ation of infantile paralysis and to institutions for the treatment and | care of the disease. ’hum head of the Children’s Bu- reau? —R. W, 8. | A. Miss Kathe ter of former Senator Lenroot of | Wisconsin. has been appoint chief {of the Children's Bureau by President Rousevelt. as d Q. Will you kindly tell me whether cove or canned oysters contain the | same food content as fresh oysters?— | M. D. A. The consensus is that canned sters are inferior to fresh oysters so | far as nutritive qualities are con- | cerned. When oyste are canned | there are some vitamins lost in cook- g It is also believed that fresh ovsters are more easily digested than | canned Oysters, i oy Q. How much larger are the execu- tive offices of the White House now? —F. G. A The floor space in the rebuilt White House office building has heen increased from 15.000 square feet to 40,000 square feet. is, | Q. Who succeeded Miss Grace Ab-!| Q. What country issues the most patents?—C. D. H. A. Since about 1860, the United States has led the world in patents issued. In some years American patents have equaled, if not exceeded, those taken out in all other coun- tries combined. Q. What is the cost of tuberculosis to patients and to communities?— K. J. A. According to statistics of the National Tuberculosis Association. the total cost to the 650,000 Americans suffering from tuberculosis, or to their communities, is about $2,000.- 000.000, which is ordinarily spread over five and one-half years of illness end will run to almost $350,000,000 2 year, Q. Please give a biography of Fred Keating, the magician and actor.— L. G. A. Born in New York City, Fred Keating's career as a magician be- gan when Sidney Lenz, the bridge expert, taught him a few card tricke At 14 he ran away to tour with Thurston in vaudeville, Later he joined Miller Brothers 101 Ranch, doing tricks while riding & horse. Subsequently he was again in vaude- ville, in night clubs and as master of ceremonies in John Murray Ander- son’s Almanac. He was initiated into the legitimate drfl‘g\ in 1933, the play being “Forsakl.; All Others.” r. Keating is now playing in his first movie, “The Captain Hates the Sea.” Q. TIs it true that in Japan wom'n work in the mines”>—H. H. S. A. Of the 202320 miners in Japan 21380 are women Of the 1.2 rs under 15 years of age, 339 a: ) Q. How many chain drug stores a: there in the United States? A. A recent list shows that are 494 chains with 4.238 retail store Q. Where will the Duke and Duchess of Kent live when they are in London?—M. B A. The Duke of Kent h town home in B of five stories and is one of residences of the rege Q. In the re-employ kinds of jobs are being —W.R A. The largest increase ha jobs of a service nature h »s stenogra treet conductors and windo ‘The next ig in workers on what are kncwn as ¢ sumption goods or things which | be sold and used quickly. The sl increase is in durable goods suc railroad buil been in ers w ine Lenroot, daugh- | ich Kiroff was s on Decemoer of the Le Inspe nerly an employe s and Peasants' Service. Q. Why. in the guotat is the verb “is” ins “The sentence b and yréied “Two is company ove: for this reason is not bou of grammar. We first fi in Heywood's Proverbs, 1546 company. three is none. It used by ler in his Gnomology. is company, three is none.'” was also “Iwe | Q. Who is naticnal commander of the American Veterans' Association? —C. M. C A. Donald A. Hobart is national commander of the orzanization. Townsend Pension Proposal Branded “Economie Lunacy” Press comment on the Tnunsen! | vld-ske pension project shows a gen- | eral that the Federal asury could not pay $200 a month for each person over 60. It is s gested, however, that Congress may give atlention to the demand for sume kind of social security. “Mr. Roosevelt's own view™ s ! the Youngstown Vindicator, tha unemployment insurance should come first und that pensions for the agca , should wait until the country can af- {ford them.” The Portland Oregonian points out that “the tax must be paid out of income.” that “no matter how hard one tries one cannot fill a barrel with a gallon of water—a fair illustration of what is proposed by | the Townsend plan.” “The circumstance that clubs in various parts of the country have adopted resolutions approving the | Townsend plan.” says the Nashville ! Banner, “is merely another proof of ! the fact that in these disturbed times it is not difficult for any scheme that has for its central idea the bestow- ment of vast benefits or subsidies upon conviction a class or group of citizens at the pub- | voluble &d- (Pa.) obtain Wilkes-Barre lic expense herent «© The record observes that “it is impossible | to reconcile the plan with any reason- able mathematical consideration” snd that it sppeals only “from the political point of view.” In a satirical vein the Yakima (Wash) Daily Republic The scheme looks good to us, but it does nol go far enough. It makes |& man quit work at 60 and devote | himself entirely 0 spending & $200 | | & month pension, which will be given | him and which he must spend within | 30 days after he gets it. The age limit should not be 60, it should not ) be over 16, Also it is wrong to limit the pension to $200 a month. ernment statistics show that it costs a man almost $400 a month to live in any kind of comfort at all, and if one cannot have a living pension any at all. We hope to see the Town- send plan amended so it will be worth whije.” “Ten million Americans over 60, pensioned at the rate of $200 monta,” according to the New York Sun, “would be getting more than $2,000,000.000 a month, or more than $24,000,000,000 a year. If this were has veen suggested, it would require a sales volume of $240,000,000,000, approximately five times the volume of retail sales in 1929, a prosperous year. More fascinating than these figures, however, are the calculations enforced by a side issue. Every re- send plan would have to spend his monthly pension in the month which it was received to get off the lists. This is the real problem mathematics: How many persons would it take to check up on the monthly expenditures of 10,000,000 reaction and that it is the party of constructive liberalism. “We must bring into the picture new faces, personalilies in which the people have confidence. This is no slur on the men who have carried the battle and the burden, for there arrives in_the lives of most public figures a time when the scars they | carry disable them for further service | in the front lin Bhock troops must be young troops. remarks: | Gov- | he should not be required to accept | raised by & 10 per cent sales tax, as| cipient of a pension under the Town- | in | in | of considers mouth pensioners? The as he bureaucrat waters ! that staggerer One of the dangerous sympi of the times is the acclamatio which ‘cconomic lunacies’ are ceived by a large number of voters,” comments the Stamf (Conn.) Advocate. while the * hopes” raised by the Townsend T posal are deplored by the Davenport 1o Times and the Boise Idaho Statesman calls its suppc one of the disconcerting signs of the times.” “The American Association of S cial Security, which calls it Junac according to the South Bend Triby “points out that the estimated $24.- 000.000,000-a-year turnover in the Townsend plan would constitute more than half of the total national den and exceed seven-fold the mnormal budget of the United States Govern- ment. It also points out that this gigantic expenditure would be made directly io only 6 per cent of the American people. Other Americans would have to wait for benefits that might dribble through to them. The dribbling would be slowed, the security association points out. by the com- plex administrative system that would be needed if the Federal Government were ‘0 pay $20C to each aged person every month. 'The Townsendites have not given the public a thorough analysis of the administrative features of the plan.” “Prasident Roosevelt” suggests the Bismarck (N. Dak.) Tribune, “hes aptly remarked that ‘there can be no security for the individual in the midst of general insecurity,” and this is the warning against which all se- curity schemes must be assaved.” The Rock Island Argus, however, expects “some kind of old-age pension legis- lation,” and the amento (Calif.) Bee nolds that “some method of mak- ing old age more secure should be carefully studied R | The Spirit of Carrie Nation. From the Portland Oregor The militant feminine prohibition= | ists of Kansas, not content with the | reafirmation of the State’s traditional | drought by an enormous majority, have sworn to make an end of 3.2 beer lor resurrect the hatchet of Mistress | Carrie Nation. With all respect to these excellent crusaders, it may be said that they were born perhaps 30 years too late. There is no place for a Carrie Nation in the modern scheme of things. When Carrie tied on her funny black bonnet, wrapped six bricks in newspaper and set forth from Medi- cine Lodge, Kans., for the sinful Baby- lon of Kiowa the hitching rack era was still in its heyday. She conveyed woe to three saloon keepers that after- noon, and later took up the hatchet, | which is inseparable from her sainted memory. Carrie and her hatchet roved the United States, with nobody admiring her more than did the bar- tenders. She went abroad and wrecked a saloon in Newcastle-on-Tyne. But there was little diversion in that sim- pler period, and Carrie Nation was welcomed where now she would be considered only a foolish old woman who must be suppressed. The women of Kansas will be ill advised if they attempt to emulate Carrie Nation in the present. There are lawful ways of brinzing about their purpose. Not even the plea of reformation is sufficient to adorn a violent intolerance. wit an,