Evening Star Newspaper, December 11, 1934, Page 7

- SCIENTISTS PROBE || Fort Myer Prepares to Open New Riding Hall NEW SPACE LIMITS Nebula 1,330,000,000,000,- 000,000,000 Miles Away Studied by Institution. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Penetration to a new frontier of space, 1,330,000,000,000,000,000,000 miles away is announced by astrono- mers of the Carnegie. Institution of ‘Washington as one of the outstanding accomplishments of the year’s work to be reported at the annual meeting of the trustees here December 14. This utmost extent of physical ob- servation of the contént of creation is represented by the discovery of a very faint nebula in the constellation of Bootes in the northern heavens, near the great star Arcturus. . The distance is approximated from the speed, as shown by the spectro- scope, with which this object is mov- ing outward from the observer. It appears to be moving at a rate of about 39,500 kilometers a second, ap- proximately one-sixth of the speed of light itself. This is the swiftest mo- tion yet observed for a heavenly ob- Ject and, since the speed of outward Motion is directly proportional to the distance by a formula worked out by the Carnegie Institution astronomers, it indicates the most distant object. Billions of Stars in Galaxy, ‘The Bootes nebula is presumably a galaxy of several billions of separate stars, roughly approximate to the whole Milky Way galaxy, of which the sun is a part and which includes all the stars visible in the heavens with an ordinary telescope. This new “island universe,” as the spiral nebu- lae are known, may even be much larger. Little can be determined about it because of the immense distance. The distance is so vast that the light which made its faint impression on the plates at the Mount Wilson Observatory must have started from the Bootes nebula approximately 200 million years ago, about the timé when the great dinosaurs were beginning to appear on earth and the vast swamps which became the coal beds of today were flourishing. The reason for the increasing out- ward speed of the distant nebulae still is a matter of considerable discussion among astronomers and is one of the chief reasons advanced for the hypo- thesis of an expanding universe lit- erally creating space and time as its borders push outward. Much Work Completed. Much observational work has been done on the island universes during the year, according to the report being prepared for the Carnegie Institution trustees, with the result that they now are believed to be much larger than was the case a few years ago when it was first determined that they were enormous star galaxies. At that time they were believed to be considerably smaller, on the aver- age, than the Milky Way system. But, the Carengie astronomers report, the disparity in size between the stellar system and the spiral nebulae in An- dromeda, one of the easiest to observe and study, was fnuch reduced by tak- ing account of the obscuring clouds of dust and gas scattered along the Milky Way. This made necessary a reduction in the earlier estimates of the size of our own star system, and the reduction has been confirmed by recent measurements made by the Mount Wilson astronomers of the col- ors of the globular clusters, immedi- ately outside the Milky Way galaxy. Seen through dust clouds they are tedder than normal by an amourt which increases with the density of the clouds, thus indicating a loss of blue light similar to that affecting sunlight when the sun is near the horizon. The faintness of the clusters and of all objects seen through the clouds is thus seen to be caused partly by the clouds themselves instead of distance. Observations Corrected. On the other hand, observations of the Andromeda nebula with more sen- sitive instruments reveal traces of luminosity far beyond what was first shown and roughly double the dimen- sions to approximate parity with those of the Milky Way system. The di- ameters of both now appear to be approximately 6,000,000,000,000,000,000 miles. Light, moving at 186,000 miles & second, requires about 100,000 years to go from one end to the other of either star system. Afte? the meeting of the trustees, to whom reports of the year's work will = be made, the exhibits illustrating the progress in various lines will be open to the public December 15, 16 and 17, with daily lectures by the Mount Wil- son astronomers and others. OHIO RELIEF PLANT T0 MAKE BLANKETS State Prepares to Open Twelfth . Unit of Factory System. By the Assoclated Press. COLUMBUS, Ohio, December 11.— The State of Ohio today prepared to add a 12th production unit to its system of State-operated relief fac- tories, to turn out blankets at the Kuenzel Mills at New Bremen, Auglaize County. , Operations will be begun on the arrival of materials, the State Relief Commission said, but tentatively were scheduled for the middle of this week. The mills had been idle three months. They will be reopened with * 18 workers. Ultimately, the commis- sion hopes to employ 47 to accomplish * an output of 4,500 single blankets. Already the commission is operating self-help units producing clothing, - stoves, chairs, chinaware, hosiery and “beds in Delaware, Toledo, Dayton, East Liverpool, Cleveland, Hillsboro, New Philadelphia and Mansfield. ———e © DEMOCRATS TO MEET : e o £ Holt, Randolph and Anderson to Speak Tomorrow. Senator-elect Holt of West Virginia, Representative Randolph of West Vir- ginia and Robert Nelson Anderson, & special assistant to the Attorney Gen- eral, will be guest speakers at the 4 monthly meeting of the Democratic Zleague of the District at 8:30 p.m. i+ tomorrow in the Racquet Club, % Arthur Clarendon Smith, president % of the organization, urges all members £ to attend, 3 Washingtonian Shares Estate. SALEM, Mass., December 11 (#).— Mrs. Lucy Palmer Warren of Chicago e ;quufit}hed all the automobiles Tsonal property of her father, Percival B. Palmer, Chicago and Bwampscott business man, whose will Was flled yesterday. David H. Palmer, Washington, shares $40,000 cash with bis mother and two brothers. At top, Capt. Thomas Ligon, U. 8. A, outlines to a group of young society girls the parts they will play in the opening exhibition of Fort Myer’s new riding hall on January 13. The girls are, left to right: Carolina Sheri- dan, Gertrude Laughlin, daughter of the former Ambassador to Spain; Nanita Miles, and (seated) Mary Cootes, daughter of Col. Harry Cootes, former commandant of Fort Myer. Below: An interior view of a portion of the new 200 by 100 foot arena, which has accommodations for 1,500 spectators and ample space for the many thrilling military demonstrations given by mounted troops of the post. Only installation of armchair seats remains to be done before the job is entirely completed. It cost $150, 000. Science Discovers Sun Rays That Cause Plants to Bend By the Assoclated Press. ‘The discovery of two new rays from the sun which make plants bend toward the light was announced today by the Smithsonian Institution. These light rays, one blue and the “other blue-green, have the myste- rious power of rendering inactive the growth-stim- ulating substance of plants, some- times known as “Auxin” By stopping growth on one side of a plant’s stem, these rays and some others cause the plant to bend. If certain con- ditions should change it is conceiva- ble that the rays might make life on earth impossible by stopping all plant owth. The discovery, says the Smithson- Dr. Earl §. Johnston. fan, s “of extreme importance in the whole scheme of things, since the life of the animal world (including man) depends upon plant growth.” It is the work of Dr. Earl S. John- ston of the institution's division of | radiation and organisms. The rays probably stunt growth by breaking up the atoms of the growth- stimulating substance, Dr. Johnston believes. The rays have very short wave- | lenghths of 4,400 and 4,750 angstrom units. An angstrom unit is one 10- millionth of a millimeter. Each ray is a single wave length of light. The discoveries result from four fears of research into the mysterious | phenomenon of plant bending which seientists call “phototropism.” Oat seedlings were exposed to light | of different colors to see which made them bend most. Red light had no effect, yellow a little, blue a great | deal, 30,000 times as much as yellow. Blue light of different wave lengths was then studied to see which caused the most bending. TEN MILLION TREES T0 BE CUT FOR YULE Forest Service Estimates This Number May Be Exceeded With Business Better. By the Associated Press. When Santa arrives with his pack he will find awaiting him at least 10,000,000 Christmas trees that have been cut from American woodlands. This is the forestry service's esti- mate of the small firs, spruces, pines and cedars taken from the woods annually. There may be more this year if forecasts of better pusiness in other lines hold good for this one. Most all conifers can be used for Christmas trees, but those in great- est demngxd are the firs and spruces, with the pines and cedars next. In the East, balsam fir is usually preferred because of its long, spread- ing branches and deep green foliage of fragrant odor. In California, the favorite seems to be the silver-tipped or silver fir, while Douglas fir is much in vogue in the Pacific Northwest. Despite the large demand for trees, the forest service is not about injury to the forests. ey are pleased that Santa’s needs help them in thinning the crop so the other trees may grow more rapidly. DIES ON STEPS Nellie Robinson Is Victim of Heart Attack. Nellie Robinson, colored, 357 H street southwest, spoke to some friends of her son who were cleaning snow off the steps of the new National Museum Building today as she passed by, then sat down on the steps and fell dead, a victim of & heart attack. She was 61 years oid. Her son, Daniel Clark, 47, of 1614 Third street, is employed in the prop- erty clerk’s office there. Exchange Club to Meet. The weekly luncheon of the Ex- change Club will be held tomerrow at the University Club at 12:30 p.m. Maurice J. Colbert will preside. Night Final Delivery The “Pink Edition” of The Final, printed at 6 pm,, is delivered Star, known as the Night throughout the city at 55c per month or, together with The Sunday Star, at 70¢ per month. This is a 1al service that ma le desire for the very latest?enfl complete news of thno’ m’ Call National 5000 and say Final” delivered regularly to immediately. will start i that you want the “Night your ‘ou e, and' d;ltg‘ery —Star Staff Photos. Goes-to Wrong Hospital. PHILADELPHIA, December 11 (#). —Joseph Lowenthal, 22-year-old mes- senger boy, took some flowers and candy to the wrong hospital, but it wasn’t his fault. He started in the right direction, but slipped on a sidewalk, becoming a patient himself. TELEPHONE, BILLS SHOW CUT TODAY Refund Checks to Be Sent Out Soon—Lower Rate in Effect. Telephone bills mailed io customers today apd hereafter will be based on the new reduced rates in conformity with an order issued late yesterday by the Public Utilities Commission. The cut amounts to about 10 per cent for residence and business tele- phones and one-trunk branch ex- changes. It was ordered by the Utili- ties Commission more than two years ago, but was tied up in the courts by an appeal of the Chesapeake & Po- tomac Telephone Co., whigh recently was withdrawn. Rules and regulations governing the refund of approximately $1,000,000 collected in overcharges since the commission’s reduction order, were snnounced. Refund checks will start to go out during the latter part of this month, and the majority of them will be in the hands of subscribers by January 21, it is estimated. All refunds will include 6 per cent interest payments through February 15, regardiess of the time the checks are received. No applications for refunds will be required. Checks will be mailed for former subscribers at their last- known address. If there has been a change, these persons should notify the telephone company of their pres- ent address, name under which they subscribed, together with the former number and address. Present subscribers will be given priority over former users in the or- der of receiving their checks. A full statement of the rules gov- erning the reduction and refund will be found in a paid advertisement by the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co.,, appearing in the classified section of The Star. Dr. Simon to Lecture, Dr. Abram Simon will lecture be- fore the cultural class at Wardman Park Hotel at 11 am. Thursday on the latest work of Franz Werfel, “The Forty Days of Musa Dagh.” Have Us Clean Your RUGS Thoroughly and Deliver in Time for CHRISTMAS g =" e CALL MR. PYLE NA. 3257-3291-2036 Practical Leather Gifts The Gl;dstone OUR 1935 OFFERING IN GENUINE LEATH- ER, TOP-GRAIN COWHIDES, SEAL AND WALRUS, AT ATTRACTIVE PRICES. Visit OUR DISPLAY ROOM before making your final selection of any Leather Gift. TOPHAMS INC. FACTORY AND RETAIL SHOW ROOM Third and Eye Streets, Northeast Out of the High Rent District No Parking Restric‘ions “Open 8 AM. to 6 PM.” @he Forning Htar x B et ADVERTISEMENTS RECEIVED HERE Home Drug Co.—4th & H N.E. Is an Authorized Star Branch Office- a CLASSIFIED Advertisement is the quickest and surest way of finding some one who can supply that want. There is no other medium of contact so all-inclusive and so direct as The Star Classified Section. Copy for The Star Classified Section may be left at any of the authorized Star Branch Offices— lccated at convenient points in and around Wash- ington. There is one near you—Ilook for the above sign. Branch Office service is rendered without fee; only regular rates are charged. Star Classified Advertisements Bring Results D. C., TUESDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1934, -»#wo womm. . | I OUTLOOK FOR FAR EAST TO BE DISCUSSED HERE World Economics Academy to Hear Francis R. Eldridge and Others Tomorrow. “The Outlook for the Far East” will be the general topic at a meeting of the Academy of World Economies tomsor- row at 8 pm. at the United States Chamber of Commerce. - Senator Gerald P. Nye, chairman of the Sen- ate Munitions Investigation Commit- tee, will preside. The principal speakers and their subjects will be: Prancis R. Eldridge Genuine Leather Fitted Case $]250 Yes, a genuine Belber case, fitted with 5 lovely pieces. Just as illustrated. Remark- able valuel! 50c Weekly of the Bureau of Foreign and Domes- tic Commerce, “Japan’s Position in World Commerce”; Dr. Charles Hodges, professor of politics, New York University, “Japan Paces Asia,” and Lothrop Stoddard, political observer and writer, “Oriental Realities.” ‘The Program Committee is com- posed of Dr. Willlam Notz, William Towson and Dr. A. M. Boggs. ° ydiftedi- s Youth Killed Under Train. CRESTLINE, Ohio, December 11 (#).—A youth identified as John Dem- bowsky, 19, son of Mr. and Mrs. Ed- ward Dembowsky, Johnstoww, Pa., was killed by a freight train here yester- day. His body was severed at the waist. NEW TRIAL DENIED Friedman Must Serve for $16,400 Robbery' of Mae West, LOS ANGELES, December 11 (#)— A new trigl for Edward Priedman, convicted of robbing Mae West, film actress, of $16,400 in cash and jewelry, ‘was denied yesterday by the Court of Appeals. Friedman asked for a retrial on the ground he had confessed as a result of police “third e methods. He was convicted of hold- ing up Miss West in front of her home the night of September 28, 1932, NEWER AND SMARTER GIFTS CHRISTMAS They Are Intensely Practical and Distinctive— Ideal for Christmas Giving! In addition to finding newer, smarter gifts at Kay's— you'll find values positively outstanding! It is easilv understood because there are 49 Kay Stores—buying a AUTOMATIC TOASTER ‘The perfect gift—the perfect toaster! Au- tomatically releases two slices when toast is properly done. Chrome finish. 50c Weekly 5995 MEN'S TRAVELING ZIPPER CASE Genuine leather, ebony fitted pieces, as il- lustrated. Guaranteed pure - brush bristles, True value! 50c Weekly GENUINE LEATHER GLADSTONES Every man wants a handsome Gladstone bag! This is a gen- uine Belber—standard size —richly finished , interior. 5895 50c Weekly 4-Pc. Electric Urn, Set Beautiful Clirome: fin~ ish—set includes elec- tric urn, tray, sugar and creamer. 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