Evening Star Newspaper, April 10, 1932, Page 87

THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, APRIL 10, 1932, e EICTURES IN THE MAP- 4 cne FOR YouG READERS WiITH KEEN EYES AND HIGH-POWERED IMAGINATIONS. — PRAwN BY WALTER P BURRELL , " 1199 E. LONG STREET, CoLumBuS, ONrO . EHE PERIOD THAT ELAPSED BETWEEN THE FALL OF THE Roman EMPIRE (476 A.D) AND THE RENAISSANCE, OR REBIRTH OF LEARNING AND THE ARTS, OF THE 14TH CENTURY WAS A TIME WHEN THE PEOPLE OF WESTERN EUROPE WERE SUNK (N ABYSMAL IGNORANCE AMD; DUE TO THE APPALLING LACK OF EDUCATION , FELL PREY To A HOST OF ABSURD IDEAS AND SUPERSTITIONS. This EPOCH OF |GNORANCE IS OFTEN TERMED THE DAk AGes FAR FROM HOME AND TO THEM ACCEPTED HEWILDEST TALES THE STRAMGE LANDS THAT LAY BEYOND THE BoRDERS OF EUROPE WERE PLACES OF DARKNESS AMD MYSTERY. DRAwk BY TEAN DUNHAM ~ AGEP 1012, WERQE BRELIGVED TO HAVE THE POWER TO CHANGE THEIR FoMs AND To PROWL ABOUT AT NIGHT INTHE GUISE OF CATS,BATS OR WOLVES. » ALCHEMISTS DEVOTED THE!R LIVES TO THE QUEST OF AFORMULA TO TURN BASE METALS INTO GOLP>, 0R TO BREW AN ELHOIR THAT wouLD PROLONG LIFE AND YOUITH, INSTEAD? OF APPLYING THEMSELVES NEN IF A MAN LEARNED TO READ, Boons WERE VERY SCARCE AND HBLY EXPENSIVE — = -~ mi/ A MIGHTY KING AND UD NOBLE CoulD NOT EVEN WRITE THEIR NAMES AND HAD TO MAKE CRUDE CROSSMARKS FoR THEIR SIGHMATURES — o ST THOSE DAYS, ANDALL BOOKS HAD TO 8E LETTERED BY HAND, A LONG AND LABORIOUS UNDERTARING. —— History of Shorthand HORTHAND, without which the progress of business and legal activities would be se- riously hampered, has a long history, dating back to 1588, when the first system was worked out. Since the invention of shorthand, ap- proximately 200 systems have been worked out, tried and discarded to a large extent. The system most im use now is the Pitman, which was fizst made public by Sir Isaae Pitman back in 1837. Improvements have been made im this system, of course, since that time and other systems weorked out. The Pitman has been adapted for use in many other languages, such as the Japanese, Italian, French, German, Spanish, Hindu and others. Steel Inventor’s Fame Is Slight AILURE te apply for a patent am a process which revelutionized the industry of the werld cost the inventer the fame, if not the financial return, te which his invention entitled him. William Kelly, an iron manufacturer of Pitts- burgh, discovered and weorked out the process of steel manufacture known as the Bessemer process, but because he was slow im filing his claim fer a patent, Bessemer, an English manu~ factaurer, acquired the patent for the process. Kelly was Iater able to obtain the patent by proving that he was first, but nevertheless the name Bessemer has since continued for the process which Kelly worked out. Much has been said and written of how in- ventors reaped small reward from their ideas ONLY ABOUT ONE MAN IN A HUNDRED COULD READ AND A STILL SMALLER PERCENTAGE ' COULD WRNTE, ' e THERE WERE AS YET NO SCHOOLS OR UNIVERSITIES, AND ONLY THE MONKS 1N THE MONASTEQIES PRESERVED THE ANCIENT LEARNING. ~— B3 muesE o1 Boows wE PIND RELIGIOUS SUBJECTS MOST FREQUENTLY PICTURED: IONS WERE THEN CALLED "ILL UMINATIONS | LATER THESE LITTLE PAINTINGS WERE CALLED "MINIATURES; FROM MINIUM, A RED THAT WAS WIDELY LUSED. —* [19+& Moks wio DREW THE PICTURES DID NOT KNOW HOW ™HE PEOPLE OF BigLE TIMES DRESSED;SO THEY SHOWED THEM N COSTUMES OF WHE MIDDLE AGES, —* QA G T and, comparatively speaking, this held true with Kelly. He did receive royalties of $450,000 for his steel-making process, but this sum is enly a drop in the bucket of steel revenues. Kelly’s discovery came by chance. He no- ticed in a pot of moltem iron one spot which glowed with incandescence, although no heat was being employed at the point. Investigation disclosed that a draft of air was being forced through at that particular poiné and he was quick to deduce that the exygen of the air was carbon in the iron ore, producing and the resultant product blowing structed in 1851 was launched. I = I = = = = E! = A Wheat Lacks Market