Evening Star Newspaper, April 6, 1932, Page 8

’ A8 THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY, . ....April 6, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES... Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Business Office: 11th 8t. and Pennsylvanis Ave. | B Ean Ofice 14 Regent: .. Londom: Enriand. - Eate by Carfler Within the City. 3 . . .45 per month 60c per month T65c per month ‘e ‘end of each month. at the enc in by mail or teiephone The Sunday Star Collection made Orders may be sent NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. jly and Sunday.....1yr.. $10.00: 1 mo., 85c fip, ony, - iy only . '$6.00: 1 mo., 50 (17% $400: 1 mo. 4o All Other States and Canada. H’ and Sanda: ll yr. l:gflfl 1mo.. H7. ¥ s yr. m Binday only (13, $5.00i 1mo. 80c, Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively ertitled fon of all news dis- se cred- ted in this paper and also the published herein. All rights of pul special dispatches herein are also reserved. Army Day. Through Pennsylvania avenue, Wash- ington's Via Triumphalis, the tread of marching men resounds today in com- memoration of the United States’ en- try into the World War and in celebra- tion of Army day. For the nonce the Nation's thoughts revert to that fate- ful April, fifteen years ago, when Presi- dent Wilson called upon the country to give “without stint” in the cause for which the American people were about to pledge their all No element of the national commu- nity responded to the summons with a greater alacrity or sense of patriotic duty than the Uniteq States Army— our_ military establishment of all grades. Regulars, Natlonal Guard, Reserves soon to be amalgamated under the common denominator of the American Expeditionary Forces, were destined to bring fresh luster to the flag and to prové anew, if proof were needed, that the source from which the country in time of emergency must draw its fight- ing effectives is an inexhaustible Teservoir. On Army day it is fitting to recall that in no other country in the world do professional soldiers engage in such & variety of non-military activities in peacetime as they do in the United States. Few Americans are conscious of that. The primary purpose of the War Department is to provide for the national defense, and its chief responsi- bility lies in the execution of the mili- tary policies of the Government. But the Army has plenty of warless jobs. In .October, 1929, it completed the canalization of the Ohio River. Under its direction the Great Lakes are being improved for increased transportation, together with the plan for connecting the Great Lakes with the Mississippi thrqugh the TIllinois Waterway and through the Mississippi to the Gulf. Army enginéers are deepening the chan- nel up the Mississippi as far as Minne- apolis and St. Paul. They are estab- lishing reliable navigation on the Mis- souri River. The completion of the upper Mississippl and the Missouri projects will provide water transpor- tation to the great agricultural regions of the Northwest. On the Pacific Coast, all the way from Harbor Refuge, in Alaska, to San Diego, the Army Engineer Corps has embarked upon intensive improve- ment work. In the execution of these various river and harbor improvements and flood control works the Army En- gineers employ apbroximately 30,000 civilians and conduct & business aggre- gating about $100,000,000 annually. Within the past year they have had entrusted to them roundly a thousand projects authorized by Congress. These inclyde the all-important task of mak- ing the Nicaragua Canal survey. As a purely milttary enterprise the United States Army is an extremely| modest establishment. No first-class| powet on the face of the earth main- tains so slender a standing army. As President Hoover often and aptly has remarked, Uncle Sam has far more policemen than soldiers. "Our force of roundly 120,000 men is barely adequate for fundamental domestic purposes in the continental United States, the Canal Zone, Hawaii, the Philippines and Porto Rico. No nation is or can possibly be menaced by American “mil- itarism,” as typified by the Army. Army day is not only a time for rengwing our gratitude to our soldiers. It is a highly appropriate hour for re- solving that economies in governmental expenditure, however imperative in other directions, shall stop short of chifeSeparing at the expense of an al- regdy skeletonized and semi-impover- ished United States Army. 4 r——— Radio must be credited with expert effort to provide sufficient mirth and song to overcome a frequently depress- ing series of news flashes. R e — - The Kreuger Bubble Bursts. Tvar Kreuger, known in the world'as the “match king,” reputed to be one of the wealthiest men of Europe, & veri- table wizard of finance and industry, who had created & tradition of success, took his life in Paris a few weeks age. For.a number of years he had been going from one success to another in the formation of huge corporations, had become in effect the banker of sevefal European governments, through large loans advanced to them. His somewhat elusive personality, through the es- chewal of all the usual means of self- exploitation, was regarded as a type of complete sufficiency and dependabil- ity. Then came his suicide, quickly fol- lowed by the disclosure that his great industrial organization was in difficul- ties. He had himself become a bor- rower and had been grievously disap- poihted in the matter of getting finan- cial ald. At once a reaction set in, the Kreuger corporation had to be placed under examination, a moratorium was dedlared. Sweden was seized with a g throughout, the world contributed to %2 | tide himself over the period of depres- |ponents of the legisiation in Congress | President Hoover has shown clearly under his personal direction “entries were made in the books which an the one hand eliminated substantial bal- ances shown to be owing to the parent company by him and by subsidiary companies and on the other entirely eliminated liabilities to other subsidiar- ies purporting to represent assets of tantial sums.” It indicates that the “were either greatly in excess of the items they purported to represent, entirely fictitious or a duplication of assets.” There is little reason to belleve that a further research of the Kreuger af- fairs will correct the impression that the “match king.” caught in the maze of unwise extensions, resorted to fraud to. concesl the true condition of his business. If this be the case the oc- casion for his suicide becomes clear. He had plunged beyond his depth and was lost. Not ‘contest with & remark- able success, he had aspired to achieve a phenomenal triumph. Perhaps the bad economic conditions prevailing his disaster. Possibly he had become so confident of his ability to manage a gigantic enterprise that he felt that he coéuld safely resort to trickery to sion. He gambled, in other words, and he lost. The question of moment is whether his failure will bring serious loss to others. The report of the ac- countants indicates that there remain substantial assets that will yleld some return in liquidation. But the great Kreuger bubble has burst, and the one- time man of surpassing ability and in- triguing aloofness disappears, leaving a shade of sorrov and suffering. e A Patriotic Stand. The national commander of the American Legion, Henry L. Stevens, has informed President Hoover that the rank and file of the Legion are not time of war. have turned their backs on a proposal to take from the Treasury & sum in ex- cess of $2,000,000,000 in the present emergency, or to have the United States endanger its financial credit and stability by the issuance of fiat money. Out of a total of ten thousand American Legion posts the country over, the na- tional commander says, only twenty- three have gone on record as favoring the passage of this proposed bonus legislation now. This statement of the attitude of the Legion shows the pro- in a poor light indeed. They appear to be backing this bonus bill for their own purposes and not for the sake of the Legionnaires. Perhaps they see votes in bonus, with an election im- pending. In the end, however, and with the American people in their pres- ent frame of mind, they may lose more votes than they, have hoped to gain. ‘The American Legion, at its-national convention in Detroit last year, went overwhelmingly on record in opposition to bonus legislation, with the Treasury facing & huge deficit. Its present de- termination to stick by its guns in this matter does the Legion credit. In the last Congress bonus legislation was put through which turned over to the veterans more than-a billion dollars. And now Congress is in the process of putting through a revenue bill designed to raise from the already burdened tax- payers $1,100,000,000 in additional rev- enue, in order to bring about a bal- anced Government budget by the close of the fiscal year 1933. The need of balancing the budget has become ap- parent to the entire country. It is the very essence of financial yecovery. Members of the American Legion take the same view of the country’s neces- sity as do other patriotic citizens. . President Hoover visited the Ameri- can Legion’s convention in Detroit. He made an appeal to the veterans to act again for their country and to reject the demands that were in the process of forming then for the payment of the entire sum due to the veterans un- der the terms of the original law, al- though the adjusted service certificates do not become due and payable for years to come. The action of the Le- gion was definite and, it was thought, conclusive. But the agitators for the payment of the bonus in full were not quieted. Those members of Congress who believe that they can gain by their solicitous attitude in behalf of the vet- erans have never lost their stride. It would be no compliment to the members of the House and Senate to say that the passage of the bonus bill is inevitable. Yet even members of Congress who are them- selves opposed to the payment of the bonus at this time have rather thrown up their hands and declared that the bonus sentiment is running away with the National Legislature; that in the face of a coming election members will not stand up to what they believe is in the interest of the country and vote against a bonus bill. And now the commander of the Amer- ican Legion and other Legionnaires are pointing the way to a courageous posi- tion. The opposition to the bonus kill is gaining ground, fortunately. Within a day Senator Pat Harrison of Missis- sippi, ranking Democratic member of the Senate Finance Committee, has flatly told supporters of the bonus pay- | ment that he is against the bill and will vote “no” if it comes before the Senate committee or the Senate itself. that he will veto a bonus bill if ft is! sent to him now. But there should be a majority of the Congress willing to act as courageously and patriotically as the President in this matter. It would be a sad commentary should members of Congress shui their eyes and vote for the bonus bill, relying upon favorable to the passage of the so-|promptly went on strike and re-estab- called soldiers’ bonus bill at this time. | lished it as a private enterprise. There The American Legionnaires, it may |is apparently no way of making a satis- be supposed, are anxious to serve their | factory adjustment of taxes, not even country in time of peace as well as in |the revenues demanded by old King And patriotically they | Alcohol. THE EVENING STAR. WAFSTINGTON, D. C, has become entirely inadequate with the growing volume of motor car travel. Representative Bowman of West Virginia immediately asked why the District should not do away with the painted zones and erect raised pm-l forms or install barriers in front of them. He was informed by Mr. Van Duzer, the director of vehicles and traffic, that the use of District funds was specifically prohibited for this pur- pose. Mr. Bowman then went to Rep- resentative Cannon of the House Ap- propriations Subcommittee for the Dis- trict to ask if the ban could not be lifted. Mr. Cannon refused. He did, however, agree with Mr. Bowman that the Public Utilities Commission should do something to force the street car compani®s to build the platforms. The Public Utilities Commission, already at its wits end, with so many of its orders ignored, can only reply that the street car companies refuse to put up| the platforms, the companies claiming | that the.somumission has no jurisdic- tion. And there the matter stands. Every one but the street car com- panies wants to do something about it. Members of Congress, the Public Utilitles Commission and, most of all, those who must stand in zones which are in the areas of heavy traffic. Cer- tainly some remedy should be offered, even if it is a compromise. Platforms or painted lines with strong barriers guarding them are the ultimate in safety for the person waiting for a car. But if this type of protection cannot be obtained without wrangling, which may tie the matter up in the courts for years, somie substitute should be faund which will be almost as effective. No city the size of Washington should | confess itself helpless to carry through a comparatively inexpensive but highly important project. ———————— Finland officially abolished prohibi- tion, whereupon the disgruntled cafes s Columbia students inclined to make their sociological studies rough are making it clear that it needs more than a foot ball team and a glee club to pro- vide coliege life with sufficlent modern interest. ——— Fellow members of his profession might be justified in seeking informa- tion as to the mental operations of the psychoanalyst who is confidently ex- WEDNESDAY, ~ THIS AND THAT BY CHARL “My wife wanted me to move our big Silver Moon rose vine," he went on, “but I told her that it was easler to buy a new one.” Any one who has seen a Bilver Moon at the age of 5 to 7 yei or_that other stalwart climber, the I Flect, will sympathize with him He knew hia rosebushes Van He knew not only the great physical | difficulty of moving a big climber, clad with great thorns, but also he realized the even greater difficulty of moving it | 50 that it would not be Injured Old roses, old shruba, despite what some may say, resent being moved. They are like certain people who have come to love their homes and prefer to stay in them, with all their faults, rather thah move to a new and better house, Old shrubs and old roses can be transplanted, of course, and often enough they will do. well after sulking for several years. No doubt if one could would be possible to gel them out in such condition that they might stand transplanting without protest Most gardeners fail to dig as widely and as deeply as they should. The re- root system, especially the larger roots. Then in planting again they cannot bring themselves to the point where they are brave enough, horticulturally speaking, to prune back the bush at | the top, in order to compensate for the | removal of roots. * ¥ ok % ‘Therefore it is often easiest and cheapest to allow an old plant to re- main where it is and to buy another one for the new situation. Not only is it more economical in the long run, but it may save the plant. It is for this latter reason that often it is better to permit old plants to stay where they are, even if one moves away. ‘This brings up the question, should one have a sentimental attachment to plants? There can be no doubt that certain types of human beings do work up this sort of fondness. The rosebush which they have tended in their garden and worked to bring to perfection is & different bush to them from another plant which may bloom more profusely. On the other hand, it is probably true that 95 per cent of the gardeners of the world do not harbor any such senti- mental attachments to particular plants, and that they are better off for not doing so, because they are saved these additional pains of separation in a world where separation at some time or other is the inevitable rule. It is just a question of when. Ty who so\'rs the whole tribe of growing plants better than any individual speci- mens. This sttitude will permit him to plant for others to enjoy. he moves into a home, plants a garden and subsequently moves away, he will be willing to permit most of his plants give their benediction of beauty and in- terest to those who come after. pecting to collect a $10,000 fee from Harry Thaw: — e German statesmanship evidently leans to the idea that reparations is somehow related to foreign entanglements such as George Washington disapproved of for a young republic. — e—————— ‘When so many homes are sold for taxes as 4n the State of Mississippi, there is no use trying to keep govern- ment out of business, not even the real estate business. — e As the climate becomes more agree- able it offers renewed encouragement to those who are inclined to regard street demonstrations with riotous possibilities as a form of outdoor sport. y e The Filipino citizen should be given time to analyze the demand for inde- pendence not only as a matter of senti- ment, but as a plain business proposi- tion. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Taxation Style Show. “Here’s another dainty model in taxa- tion,” Baid a Senate salesman there upon the Hill, “Designed for use and not for relaxa- tion. It will be a triumph of artistic skill. And here’s another one and still an- other, i ‘Which ought to cause bekfolders to rejoice, So make a quick decision, brother, You pay your money and you take | your choice. oh, my “Here's & model that is meant to win approval Of the man who thinks the rich de- serve to pay, Who believes that by a process of re- moval Collectors can't be made to come his way. Taxation is a very serious matter; In history it plays havoc sad to see, You might as well be heard in all the chatter, ‘Cause you're going to get a sample C. 0. D.” Misleadership. “You rémember what a great man once said about the mmpossibility of fooling all the people all the time?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum, “and I feel, in my efforts to remain continuously in office, that I have very much the worst of the situation. My people can fool me any ttme they get Jud Tunkins says he hates to hear about a taxicab war. As soon as reckless drivers hear about it, they seem to want to enlist as volunteers. Hint te Winchester, Va. The cherry blooms beside the lake In beauty soon will be displayed, Some apple blossoms let us take And send them back in courteous trade. Driving for Safety. the President to get the country out of a hole by exercising his veto power. e s e Farmers who refrain from planting in order to raise prices are wondering how they are going to get the goods to deliver when the demand is created. e —————— Safe Loading Zones, pagic fear. Now comes an accountants’ report, fssiied by & committee at Stockholm which has been investigating the affairs of [the late magnate, and it shows a Jamentable condition. It reveals the erstwhile wizard as & manipulator of balence sheets, inflating and misrepre- senting ~ Agitation over Washington’s unsafe painted and buttoned street car loading zones continues, but so far there ap- pears little reason to believe that con- ditions will be speedily or even slowly remedied. Following several accidents, in which persons standing in the sup- posed security of the zones were seri- “Prosperity is just around the cor- ner.” “I'm sure it is,” assented Mr. Dustin Stax. “But we mustn't try to make the turn so fast that we skid.” “War," said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “is & terrific effort to conduct a housecleaning with money instead of soap and biood instead of water.” Self-Protection. Now every one a car should own. If out of doors you walk alone, You'll only be.an easy mark For gangsters riding through the dark. “News trivels mighty fast dese days,” said Uncle Eben, “but de bad news assets of his main company ously injured, attention was drawn to romehow seems to be de right um‘;nm It charges st the fact that this type of protection of way." It is & question which is thé greatest charm of plants—the beauty which they present or the interest they create. Perhaps it is just as well to regard beauty and interest as two sides of one proposition. * x %% % There is a certain flower-loving hu- man type, the members of which often have little else in common. Those who love flowers for their beauty may include the society matron and the rough fellow who goes down the street in rags. There is no high or low in the matter of beauty and a decent human regard for it. The sense of beauty flowers to its human perfection in this high regard for the beautiful flowers, shrubs and trees with which nature has dowered | the world. Often the love of beauty is the spark which sets off a lifelong interest in flowers. At this point it should be em- phasized that actual physical work with plants is not necessary to a full appre- ciation of their beauty and a complete | interest in them as one of the most de- lightful subjects for mankind's best ap- preciative powers. ‘There is many a man or woman whose physical powers may not permit of ac- WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Democratic harmony hopes are revived by the action of the party Arrangements Committee in recommending Sen- ator Barkley of Kentucky and Execu- tive Chairman Shouse, respectively, for temporary and permanent chairman of the Chicago convention. The eagerness of Gov. Roosevelt's friends to enforce the choice of one of his supporters as keynoter contained the ingredients of a first-class row. It might have had as deadly consequences as the Smith- Roosevelt feud itself. Now that an out- and-out Rooseveltian captures the coveted post and the party wing not so conspicuously identified with the Governor's fortunes gets a no less dis- tinguished convention honor, the goose hangs high. What cheers Democratic leaders the most is the demonstration that they can and will bury hatchets if and when necessary. They know the fond hopes the Republicans pin cn Democratic discord—that the G. O, P. | counts on it and an improvement in business conditions as their two best bets. In neither direction, the donkey brays, will the elephant get hiz wish, * ok ok ¥ Of all the favorite sons who, one by one, are getting out of the way of the Roosevelt bandwagon, Senator Joe Robinson of Arkansas is accounted the likeliest choice for second place. The alliterative ticket of Roosevelt and Robinson is already rolling mellifluously from many lips. It balances geograph- ically, it carries liquor on one shoulder and water on the other, and it offers the country as a candidate for presid- ing officer of the Senate a seasoned and respected member of that body. “Fight- ing Joe” also knows from experience how to run for Vice President. Of all the available Democratic timber for Gov. Roosevelt's running mate—and the woods are full of it—none outstrips the sturdy oak of Arkansas. Robinson is regarded receptive, * ok x % An outraged patriot calls this ob- server's attention to what is described as a regular desecration of Old Glory— and, of all places in the world, at the White House itself. He deposes and savs, “Time after time, when the flag that flies from the Executive Mansion is hauled down at the day’s end I have noticed that the person who does it lets the halyard, especially if it is a bit windy, slip out of his grasp so that | the flag drags on the roof. In the Army or the Navy such a thing is an offense prohibited by the regulations as constituting disrespect for the national | colors. It certainly should not be tol- erated at the very center of our Gov- ernment’s power and majesty.” ki A retired Army officer, whose heart is still in the service, asked this recent sojourner in Geneva If there was ‘any real possibility that our military estab- lishment might be wiped out “over there.” Assured of the unlikelihood of such a calamity, the veteran rejoined, “Congress, not Geneva, is the real danger.” * %% % Nothing more graphically illustrates the fevered state of the Union than the bumper crop of mail members of Con- gress are noy receiving. Some Senators and Representatives claim it is of rec- ord-breaking bulk. During the sales tax fight. letters swamped the House. Never since the League of Nations battle in the Senate 13 years ago or the anti- naval crusade fomented by pacifist or- ganizations in 1927 has mail streamed across Capitol Hill so torrentially as this Spring. Radio suggestions to “write to ym:’ru Ooxxm e largely x-:; various ilks do the rest. dig wide enough and deep enough, it | sult is that they fail to .get all of the | best gardener no doubt is he | Thus, if | and flowers to remain behind him to | E. TRACEWELL. tual work with plants, yet who never- theless is keenly in love with them and interested in every phase of their behavior ‘under cultivation. Such a person may rejoice that this interest is iven to him, for it 4s one to which fllll’ldfl'dfl of thousands of human beings, especially in the cities, are complete strangers, It has become the fashion, of course, | for most human beings under civiliza- tion to profess an interest in things of beauty. Usually they include flowers. | Actually they know notbing about them | and care less. If shown a rare plant, | they will say enthusiastically, “Very pretty.” and then begin talking about something else. Such people never fool the real plant | lover. They are the brothers and sisters |of that huge group of human beings | tle members of which manifest a re- markable enthusiasm for the cog be- | cause they regard it as fashionable to be a dog lover. ‘ | " 'When they are required to take care | | of a dog, however—to feed it, to bathe | | it to clean up after it and especially | | to' care for it when it becomes ill—they shagtly show the stuff of which they | are made as professed friends of dogs. The sham flower friend may be de- tected by his scant conversation about | the flowers, the bushes, the grass, the | trees, all the growing things of the | | world, including the vines, the ferns, the mosses even. PR The real plant enthusiast, whether a dirt gardener or a theoretical gardener, whether one who actually does the worl lor one who enjoys its results when done by another, to whom he is always ready to take off his hat, in humble | acknowledgment, may be identified by his willingness to talk about gardening. The gentleman who made the re- marks quoted at the beginning of this | column about his Silver Moon was such a gardener. He not only dug in his garden but he wanted to talk about it afterward. But he did no useless dig- ging. He used his head; he knew that | often it is better to let a plant stay where it is than attempt to move it. Another mark of the true amateur gardener, whether he plants himself or permits some one-else to do it, is his enthusiasm for gardening books and articles &nd his real interest in plant names, both the common and the Latin or_scientific names. We have yet to see a real amateur gardener who did not surround himself with books on gardening or who did not make some attempt, small though it might be, to learn .the “fancy names” of the plants. Some people have & knack of remem- bering such names. They can reel off the delightful jaw-breakers which usu- ally are given in parenthesis after the | common names in the catalogues and flower lists. Others find these names quite diffi- cult, espécially if they never studied Latin in their younger days. Neverthe- less, invariably they make an attempt to learn thém. sensing that in themr lies much of the history and romance of gardening. * ok ok X The use of the mind, therefore, as weil as the hands, or even more lhan‘ the hands in a way, marks the real amateur gardener. This must not be construed as in dispraise of the man or woman who actually digs the soil, who puts in the plants, who sprays them for | diseases and feeds them for health. | Such are the real gardeners, and the | amateur lover of plants who for one reason or another cannot or will not do all this will be the first to take off his hat to them. . The cream of the gardeners is the man or woman who combines a love of digging with a love of reading. He or she is the best gardener—the only one who has a Igh! to claim that ancient | and honorablé title. The remainder of us are just “amateurs.” It will be bet- ter if we leave the “gardener” part of it out of the picture. Nevertheless, we may insist; politely enough, that we rest | our claims, such as they are, on the | twin facts that we love beauty and that | we are Interested in flowers; that we read garden books and m: | that we try to remember names of plants. azines, and e scientific . Mrs. Henry W. Keyes, wife of the junior Senator from New Hampshire, is radio’s newest star. She is now broad- casting u weekly talk from Washing- |ton entitled “At Tea With a Senator's | Wife.” Today she - interviewed before the microphone the housekeeper who's | been in the Keyes family for the past 17 years. Last week Mrs. Keyes com- muned over the air with Miss Laura | Harlan, who was Mrs. Warren G. Hard- | ing’s White House secretary, TR When Secretary Stimson reaches | Geneva, he'll find that our prineipal | delegate, Ambassador Hugh Gibson, is very chummy with French Premier | Andre Tardieu. When Gibson was | studying at the Ecole Libre des. Sciences Politiques, in Paris, 25 years ago, M. Tardieu was one of his professors. Now pupil and teacher meet as equals in the | arena in which the peace of the world is being fought out. * ok ok * If the Philippines ever gain their independence through an act of Con- gress, such as the Hare bill which landslided through the House this week, they ought to put up a monument at Manila to the farm bloc. Capitol Hill got the impression that the most active |lobby for the bill came from certain | farm organization representatives. The ’why and wherefore is that if the Philip- | pines should ever be cut loose from the American tariff system, a raft of their agricultural products which now reach |the United States duty-free would be | kept out. Cocoanut oil is one of them. Refined sugar and unrefined sugar are others. The Hare bill provides quotas for free entry of those 'articles during the 10-year transition period between enactment of the law and complete Philippine independence. * ok x % ‘Typographical errer honors for 1932 go to the New York paper which printed a Washington story about the Reconstruction Finance Corporation | (popularly known as the R. F. C.) and referred to it throughout as the “Royal Flying Corps.” R. F. C. was the desig- |nation by which Great Britain's avia- tion unit became famous during the | World War. (Copyright. v——— Oil Supply Plentiful [ But Waste Is Folly Prom the San Antonio Evening News. Texas oil reserves in proved flelds ! amount to 3,500,000,000 barrels, Donald C. Barton of Houston consulting geol- ogist, lately estimated for the Business Planning Conference in Austin. Though that supply is enormous, of course it is | exhaustible. It is the equivalent of | about four years' production in the United States, or two years' output for | the whole world. At the 1931 rate of production for Texas it would last ap- proximately 12 years. Of course, all the indications are that the State will continue producing oil for many times that long. % . Mr. Barton's estimate takes into ac- 1932.) new petroleum areas opened within the t 12 years, such as the Panhandle, g: Bend and East Texas fields. Then consider Old Spindletop, which flowed ol for a quarter century and afterward ylelded a rich pool in deeper sand. In all probability Texas has just to tap its reservoirs of “black gold,” but to handle this natural resource &s though it were inexhaustible would be an extension of the present open market .n‘dhuncbeu of the dollars which created APRIL 6, 1932. Favors Bonus Payment On Installment Plan To the Editor of The Star: Although & World War veteran and badly in need of the money, I am unalterably opposed to the cash pay- ment of the bonus if it means an In- crease in taxation or in the bonded indebtedness of the United States. I am, however, in favor of the re- turn of prosperity, and it has always been my contention that this can only be accomplished by restoring the con- suming power of the masses. Curing the depression by the process of filtra- tion from huge financial pools is about as slow and uncertain as hunting quail with a rifle. Covering the greatest possible area in the shortest possible time with money to buy essential commodities is the only answer to our present eco- nomic crisis. Inflation of the cur- rency, increasing the intrinsic value of all basic commodities, through in- creased buying, is a logical step in the right direction. Stripped of all technicalities and freed of all the restraint of precedent, it would be physically possible to re- store prosperity by putting $50 fn' cash in the hands of every man, Woman and child in America—figuratively handing it out as samples on the same theory by which 8 manufacturer in- troduces a new product by the sample method. But, Inasmuch as the Government has no legal excuse for the distribution of such cash, and as capital s’ still paralyzed with the same fear that causes a recluse to starve to death| with thousands of dollars hidden about his premises, the payment of the soldiers’ bonus, by inflating the cur- rency. offers the Government one legitimate vehicle for the redistribu- tion of wealth through direct channels. Last year the principal cry of admin- istration spokesmen against the 50 per cent payment of the bonus was the con- tention that World War veterans were mcomgietem to spend approximately $500 cash in a lump sum. It was emphatically stated on the floor of the Senate (Hastings of Delaware and Reed of Pennsylvania) that the money would be dissipated in riotous living and sec- ond-hand automobiles. How true this was has since been shown by an ana- Iytical survey by the director of the Veterans' Administration, which reveals that about 6 per cent of the money was spent in what could be called a profii- gate manner. However, the same cry is going to be heard this year, and it is myxnt:uunonf.hnnbemppedmmu manner. Pay the soldiers’ bonus by inflating the currency and give the veterans the money at the rate of 10 per cent or 20 per cent per month until the total has been paid. Let the Government sur- render the certificates already hypothe- cated, or a certificate in lieu thereof, and require the veteran to designate a depository for this certificate in any bank that comes under the supervision of the Treasury Department. The bank uses the veteran's certificate as a de- mand on the Federal Reserve banks for :‘:relleptcu(h ‘gue each month and upon re- of the money turns it ove "i;“fl-m ¥ t over to the. cashing the balance of my. ad- Justed compensation certificate lr{ ttgs manner_ I would receive $63 per month for 10 rhonths on one basis or $126 per month for five months on the other. Bank deposits in the country would show an‘increase of two billion dollars over this period and the veteran could not splurge his bonus on one grand orgy, while the second-hand car would be_entirely out of the.question. Under the impulse given to business it would improve and the Treasury could gradually retire the inflated cur- rency. There is no telling how much more serious our present condition Wwould be if the payment on the bonus last year had not been made. I know of immeasurable good that it did, and it can be done again. In any event, I} for one do not want a tombston Vi my head when I leave this vale o; ':\a:l: that has been purchased by a bonus certificate. ROBERT F. JONES. Defends Rankin’s Plan Of Currency Inflation To the Editor of The Sta) I say, hats off to Representative Rankin. He is on the right trail when he says that we must have more money in circulation if we are to balance the budget. Now that dollars are up 50 per cent higher than they were before the depression started the real burden of our $4,000,000,000 budget is the same as $6,000,000,000 would haye been then. At the present cost of dollars our $16,- 000,000,000 of Federal Government debt will cost the taxpayers, in real burden, the same as $24,000,000,000 would have. Of course, it is hard to raise the equivalent of an extra $2,000,000,000 each year and at the same time see the equivalent of $8,000,000,000 extra added to the debt which taxpayers must even- tually pay. If the dollar goes any higher in price we will have to do everything that Mr. Rankin predicts, and a lot more, before we can balance the budget. When the price of anything else goes up the manufacturers get busy and in- crease the supply, which prevents the demand from pushing the price unrea- sonably high. However, the Federal Government has turned its monopoly control of dollar making over to the Federal Reserve System, and they seem very reluctant to increase the supply. Yet we know that there isn’t enough money in circulation to support even the present emaciated credit structure, for the “anti-hoarding” campaign was an official, public declaration of just this fact. With both the people and the banks hoarding, we simply have to have more money before confidence can be re- stored. Powerful stimulants are often used to strengthen a sick person dur- ing a critical period of his illness. Mr. Rankin’s plea for inflation is more than Justified in view of the desperate plight ' our country is in at the present time. We must do something, and somef more than “whistling in the dark,” too! ; The Reserve Banks are in a position now to take several billions of dollars of bonds directly from the Treasury and issue Federal Reserve notes against them. Mr. Rankin's plan for taking up the soldiers’ adjusted service certifi- cates is in accordance with sound, ac- cepted banking principles. It is merely operations of the Reserve Banks, and | would provide them with ample re-' sources to contract the currency later if prices tended to rise too rapidly or too far. The truth of the matter is, as Mr. Rankin’s assertion implies, that the thing | count.” ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at your disposAl the services ‘g{ ‘a;\n extensive orn‘ nization lnuw:;h; to serve you in apy capacity tha relates to lnlormll.ion.\nflh service is free. Failure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you are en- titled. Your obligation is only 2 cents in coin or stamps, inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Address The Evening Star Information Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. Does 1t cost more to drive an au- ,tomcbile at 60 miles an hour than at 40?—J. L. P. | A. The Chicago Motor Club has come | to the conclusion, after an exhaustive | investigation, that it may safely be said that a mile a minute in an automobile is from three to four times more ex- pensive than when the speedometer says 40 to 45. The conclusion was ar- | rived at after checks made at varicus speeds. These results were cited: Oil consumption at 55 miles per hour is seven times greater than it is-at 30; tire wear at 50 is twice as much as at 140; gasoline consumption at 55 is one- fourth more than at 30. In addition there is the wear and tear on the car at the higher speeds. Q. What jewels are considered the 1 least durable?—E. H. A. & A. Oriental pearls and opals are the | least durable. Q Why does it hurt a tree to pile dirt around its base?—T. J. A. The Forest Service says that pil- ing dirt around the roots of a tree ol mature age will have almost the same effect as belting it. Such earth pre- vents the tree from breathing properly and also prevents the moisture from getting at its roots. A tree so treatod will eventually dfe. Q Is it lawful to destroy or deface United States money?—D. U. A It is not unlawful to destroy United States currency. It is unlawful to deface United States currency or mutilate coins and restore them to cir- culation. Q. Does the uniform of the United States Army have rank insignia on the sleeve, as the uniform of the Navy does? —E. H. A. Officers wear their insignia of rank on the sleeves of their full-dress and. special full-dress coats and on the coats. Q. Is Columbia University a secta- rian school? Who keeps it up?—E. N. A. Columbia University is non-secta- rian and is privately controlled. It is maintained by proceeds from an endow- ment fund exceeding $15,000,020, by tuitions, fees and occasional gifts for particular objects. Q. What is a “plumcot”?—L. H. A. It is a cross between a plum and an apricot. Q. Is El Brendel Swedish or German? —C. P, A. El Brendel has made a of Swedish characterizations since 1917. He made his debut in 1911 in heavy vent of the war, German comedians went out of existence. After doing his share of fighting, Brendel returned to the stage as a Swedish comedian. Bren- del is neither Swedish nor German. He was born in Philadelphia, Pa. Q. Why aren't the gondolas in Venice painted in gey colors?—H. M. | A. In 1562 a sumptuary edict was | passed by the Great Council of Venice | waking black the compulsory color of the gondolas. Q. When is bread stale>—C. V. A. Definition and explanation of staling: “It is rather difficult to de- fine stalement fully in a few words. Bureau, | shoulders of their dress and service German impersonations. With-the ad- | BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. | This is a special department, devoted | From the standpoint of the consumer, | bread is considered stale when, meas- ured by the sense of feeling and taste | by contact with the skin and palate, it appears dry and harsh, and not ac- ceptable as fresh. There are, of course, various degrees of staleness, and there exists no absolutely definite di line between the so-called freshness an staleness of the loaf. In general, how- ever, bread which is termed fresh pos- sesses a crumb which Is somewhat translucent, elastic and springy, while the crumb of stale bread is more opagque and at first tough, then later crumbly ;r hard, with a noticeable lack o1 avor.” Q. How cld was Napoleon when he died?—D. B. A. He was not quite 52. D Q. Does an alien who came to Amer- ica in 1906 have to have a certificate of entry in crcer to be naturalized>—A. C. A. If he does not have his certificate of arrival, re may by registering and furnishing ceriain information to the Bureau of Immigration, Department of Labor, Washington, D. C., become eligi~ ble to apply for his citizenship papers. Q How far from a rosdway should able fence be placed to act as a w-break?—C. B. A. About 75 feet from the center of the right of way is sufficient distance for the successful operation of snow- breaks. Why are storms to be expected at the equinoxes’—R. V. A. The Weather Bureau says there is no reason why storms should be more frequent or severe on September 21 or 22 (Autumnal equinox) than on Sep- tember 10 or.11, say, or 29 or 30; nor, in fact, are they. The same is true of i Spring or vernal equinox. This whole notion about “equinoctial storms™ is erroneous, and it even is uncertain <w, where, when or by whom the idea was started. It is only known that in one form or another it goes back at least to 1748. Q. Is there any lving American whose portrait has graced a United States postage stamp?—L. W. |~ A. The Post Office Department does not_use the portraits of living persons | on United States stamps. | —— Q. How much capital is | the aircraft industry in States?—D. M. The Aeronautical Chamber of Com- | merce says that in 1929 the value of the assets of American aircraft com- panies was close to $500.000,000. Liqui- dation and writing down of values, at- cording to the New York Trust Co. today gives a figure of from $300,000,000 to $350,000,000. Q. Where is Corn Island?—D. L. A The Corn Islands are a group of two smill islands in the Caribbean Sea come distance off the coast of Nica- ragua. They consist of Great and Little Corn Island. They -were leased from the Nicaragua Government for 99 years by the treaty of August 5, 1914, whereby | Nicarsgua also granted the rizht to |the United States of constructing a lunnl across her territory. Although by treaty empowered to do so, this Governmrent has never obtained mental control of the islands, are :till governed by a native raguan. invested in the United govern- which Nica- | Q What pipe organ is the largest in | the world”—W. A. ! A. The Dia) says that the organ ‘in the Wanamaker store in Philadel- | phia is the t. While the orzen in Atlantie City will be an immense | instrument when finished, the Wana- maker have made extensive ad- | ditions without giving out exact specifi- | cations. so an accurate comvaricn is impossible. The Wanaraker orgen hd at last accounts approximatly 690 | speaking or sets of pipes. i | Expulsion from Kentucky mining re- gions of a party of students from other parts of the country arouses conflicting opinions. The college tourists intended to study the conditions among | miners, but the county officials pro- fessed to believe that the visit would be a cause of unwelcome disturbance. Supporters of the mission of the stu- dents declare that they had a consti: tucky was justified in checking them, as they would be unable to throw any light on existing conditions. “If some element of sympathy or as- sistance could be read into the vistt of the students,” according to the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, “there might be a different answer. But they did not make the journey to contribute aid; they went to study the types. Similar interest is aroused when a new species makes its .appearance in a 2oo some- where.,” The Star-Telegram advises: “Tte visitors appear to need nothing so urgently as an illustrated lecture on taste. It is a very old maxim, “Don't stare and under no circumstances ever. poipt.’” That paper emphasizes the feeling that “there can be nothing in common between a group of univer- sity students and those mountaineer families.” The St. Louis Times says of the conditions in the mine flelds as re- lated to the college group that “it is the affair of the people of that Sta and not that of a lot of students on adventure bent.” The Times adds: “Our only admiration for these troopers attaches to their gour-ge * ok x % “Those who come in friendly spirit,” thinks the Cincinnati Enquirer, “are | welcomed in unforgettable fashion. There are too many people who know the warmth of a Kentucky greeting for any of the invaders to mislead a public which has been there on its own ac- Describing the affair as “a college stunt,” the S leld (Mass.) Union holds that “the attitude of the public toward the unacademic doings of effervescent college youth has been tolerant and amused.” The Union voices the conviction that “the only thing they have succeeded in doing has been to arouse a determination on the part of Kentucky officialdom and the Kentucky citizenry to put a stop to such uncalled for and unnecessary intrusions in the guise of sociological research.” ‘The Union emphasizes the Kentucky “plan,” which provides for an escort, and “robs the collegiate adventurers of etvde’nualnull glory and holds them up to ridicule.” real cause of the greater part of our tax troubles is the high price of the dollar, in terms of which the tax must be paid. I have little patience with the frantic efforts to balance the budget when nothing is done to correct the uxfierlym( cause of the whole diffi- culty. \The Reserve Banks have ample margin of reserves to remedy the trou- ble without straining our monetary sys- tem in thé least. I, for one, am whole- Leartedly in favor of supplying this ac- knowledged shortage of money in the Wway Mr. Rankin suggests, or by financ- ing a public works project of consid- erable proportions by a similar meth- Od‘u:ll;' m’x.:“ htyh extensive purchases of | securities e open market by the e the opel y No matter how it is managed, the “high cost of dollars” must be cor- rected if the budget is to be balanced. Dollars today are hardly within hailing | more friendly dollar. JOHN W. McBRIDE. Radio Cruelty. thé Oakiand Tribune. who had his radio e Highbors: maintain the world Is every way. going at Conceding that “there is no disputing the fact that a nasty situation exists in the Kentucky coal districts,” or that “riot, lawlessness, the iron fist and many other unsavory manifestations of man’s inhumanity fo man exist,” the Columbus Ohio State Journal com- ments: “How can these things be alle- viated by groups of unofficial, prying individuals who have nothing more than curiosity to recommend them as guests? To be sure, this curiosity is disguised as interest in social welfare, but the fact is that such visitations only serve to stir up more trouble. The people in Kentucky are masters of their own government within wide, verv wide, limits. It is up to them to clear up their own troubles. Imterference only strengthens the antagonism which ex- ists, and unless the State or Federal vernments see fit to set things aright there is no.man outside those who live in the political subdivicion affected who has any right to s:y ‘mx'.hh(." * Belie: that “something is radically in mihe region,” the Omaha World-Herald contends that “the Nation is entitled to the truth—the people ;%: tors . World-Herald also states as fo the con- ditions: “If men and women and chil- been cited for ldren are slowly starving to death; if members are working And there working zondm:;d ndnonnt to a prac- | of their nervousness may come Wmlfl there Is actual tyranny in enforcement of the law, tutional right, while other believe Ken- | te | strate the fact?” Expulsion of Students From Kentucky Arouses Controversy | that, too, should be made known beyond the shadow of a doubt and action taken | to correct the evil. Local pride and so-called resentment against ‘interfer~ | ence’ by outsiders should have no part Im the investigation. Enough news has | trickled to indicate that the time has come for frankness, for search- ing inquiry, for a clear statement of the facts.” Certain rights set forth in the argu- | ments on both sides are recagnized | the Charleston (W. Va.) Daily which believes that “the Kentucky offi- cials made their mistake” when they “attached too much importance to the visit of these youngsters,” and that “grievous disappointment would have been theirs if little attention had been 'paid to them and they had been allowed to make their trip through the min field unmolested.” The Daily points out that “everybody knows that conditions among strikers in any mining fleld, especially in times of general de- pression, must be very unpleasant.” Its conclusion, however, is that “Kentucky 15 able to take care of her own affairs and to settle her coal mine disturbances. But she will bring upon much Sell-fmportant, mosty student & Menacs seif- ant, nosey student a menace to her safety.” The Haverhill Gazette | suggests that “if all is well in Kentueky, | why not let the world in and demon- ‘The Columbia (S. C.) Record advises: “The great protection against radicalism is the bill of freedom of speech and of sembly.” TR * X | “The tragedy of the incident,” de- clares the Harrisburg Telegraph, “is that in proud old ‘Kentucky it would seem as though’ the soft coal barons have .gained as strong a hold um authority as they have in those of the Telcgrapn. was Tougiy reated of the Telegraph was ly some time since because he dared assert the right of his citizenship in going from one point to another. His mere presence was resented even by those whose duty it should have been to see that he was unmolosted.” “No State in the United States and no section in any State,” declares the | Chicago Daily News, “has a legal right |to ' prevent “any unarmed, peaceable American from crossing its That fact, however, certain Kentucky sheriffs ignore. But they should under~ stand that the policy of forbidding stu= dents, newspaper correspondents and | other groups to investigate social prob- lems in the districts now disturbed by miners’ strikes is injurious to their en- tire State. Such a policy necessarily and properly causes suspicion and distrust. It tends to make destruc- tive radicals out of sane liberals. Com- munism thrives on arbitrary rej The American system does not author- ize such lawless tyranny as some Ken- | tucky sheriffs are practicing. And by their arbitrary methods they in many minds the belief that condi- | tions in Kentucky mining districts are intolerable.” Commenting on the lack of within the communities themselves in support of industrial as well as civie | justice,” the Akron Beacon-Journal | makes the comment: “The fact that every recurring election in these coun- ties returns to power an official regime which uphalds these ideals of self-gov- ernment seems to support the lu- sion that- they are what the want. If the working class is such exploitation as is claimed, it is re- markable that it does not use its power for its own deliverance, of_continuing to make a choice of | officers who are certain to club -all their petitions and rights,” i ——————————— Statesmanship and Health. Proin the New York Sun. The Capitol physician says too hard. police. House oo the consciousness that they not lw&hm oy A