Evening Star Newspaper, February 11, 1932, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C THURSDAY. . .February 11, 1832 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor ;x;e"évenln.!sur Newspape: Company . 1itn 8t "and Pennivivania Ave and Penneyiva New Sork Sficer 110 Essi 4and € ako Ofce: Lake Michigan Butlding. European Office_14 Regent .. London, Ensland. Xate dy Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star 45c per month and Sinday Siar undars) . 80c per month v nd Bunday 8 etien s Bundaye) ... month e Sindas Slar . G oy ‘ollection made at the end of eac e OFdrrs may e Semt in by mall of telepnone National 3000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 3 ily and Sunday.....]yr.$10.00: 1 mo.. aily only 3 yr.i 3602 1mo. unday only 1yr. $400: 1 mo.. 46c All Other States and Canada. and Sunday.. Jyr. 81200 tmo. 8100 1 R only r. $8.00: Imo. Tbe inda $5.00: 1 mo. BOC Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Prees is exclysively entitled to the tse for republication of all news dis- t redited (o it or not otherwise cred- this paper knd also ews d herein - All riehts of publicatign of Gispatches herein are also reservi 1yr. Principles vs. Distress. In yesterday’s Senate debate on the sllette-Castigen bill for direct 1 aid for the relief of distress Eonator Fess was placed by his gifted sents in the uncomfortable pos.tion | ©of the man who opposes saving human lives because it is contrary to his principies. Of course, Senator Fess did not take that position. But the follow- 1ng exchange is typical of the discussion: Mr. Borah. Suppose. thefi. that the local authorities are not taking care of them. that they are actually suffering; would the Senator still refuse to sppropriate Federal money? Mr. Fess. I would. I would insist upon the local authorities doing their duty Mr. Borah. Mr. President, we seem to have the philosophy of the Senator from Ohio in all its naked and hideous ugliness. He takes the position that the Naticnal Government should not aid the suffering, the needy. the sick seased. even though the local | ent is not taking care of them. Fess. And zble to do it Borah. I sav that the local ment is not taking care of them **“But the Senator takes the position though there may be need. al- there may be hunger, although be went and suffering, and he peopic are not being taken | f by the local community, the | Senator still would not help them. wrally, when the elusive | ‘e of justifiable Federsl aid is| weighed against the ably represented fa thousands of men, women and | ok are starving to death. the| alcviaiion of human suffering has all} the best of the argument. a THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO the eye! But ancther thought obtrudes | “munitions” buildings, which lie with- itself. Would it be well to concentrate | in the bounds of the park; the pro- upon the tastes of the admirers of | jected national defense buildings, ten- ample wardrobes and exact exposition | tatively allotted sites north of Con- of the tailor's art? Why should not :slltutlon avenue and west of Eighteenth the ticket appeal to both the rugged stfeet, and other Government struc- and the refined voters? There stands tke Governor of Oklahoma, beloved in his cherished title of “Allalfa Bill” tures in the vieinity. ‘There should be no further delay in the matter of the definite emplacement MurTay. He recks not of style or snap- [of the War and Navy Departments. py costumes. He give no thought to!Time encugh has elapsed since the the exact cut of his clothes. He rather |project for their construction was prefers the rough-and-ready raiment |sdopted for a conclusion in regard to of the “peepul.” Murray and Walker! [site. The question specifically is What & combination to win votes! And | whether they shall be placed west of not only in the matter of garb. Gov.{the White House group or scuth of Murray has a picturesque vocabulary | the Mall. The weight of opinion favors and Mayor Walker has & ready tongue. | the former situation. The argument Gov. Bill can spell-bind with the best | for that location includes such consid- of them, and Mayor Jimmie eap wise- | erations as convenience of access to the crack with the cleverest. By all means, Murray and Walker, clothes of the mil- lions, clothes of the select! The wis- dom and frankness of the great open spaces and the wit of the metropolis! A great opportunity, Miss Democracy, |to got them going and coming. e The Senate Rule of Delay. The Senate yesterday confirmed the ncmination of Ogden Mills to be Sec- retary of the Treasury with but a single dissenting vote, cast, as it were, by proxy. It did not, however, do as was done in the case of Mr. Mellon, when it confirmed his appointment as Am- bassador to Great Britain and agreed to notify the President immediately of this action. By the interpaosition of one | objection—all that was necessary under the rule of unanimous consent—it with- held the notification. Thus until the Senate has held two successive execu- tive sessions the confirmation is not fully effective. The objection to an immediate noti- fication of the President was an echo of the difficuity arising over the ap- pointment of the members of the Fed- eral Power Commission some months ago. At once after the confirmatory vote was taken the President was noti- fied and he thereupon signed the com- missions of the commissioners and they took the oath of office. Meanwhile, trouble came in the form of the dis- missal of two subordinates, which so aroused the ire of certain Senators that they endeavored to cancel the confir- mations. They claimed that the Senate rule of two executive sessions had been violated and that despite commissions and oaths the newly named commis- sioners were not legally in office. The President held that inasmuch as he had been notified he was within his rights in issuing commissions and the commissioners within theirs in taking the oath and assuming their positions. If the Senate waived its own rule, that was the Senate's fault, if fault had been committed, and it did not Invalidate But nowhere in that Senate deb:te yesterday wos it affimed that the ap- | propriation of $375.000.000, as provided | under the terms of the La Pollette- | Costigin measure, will correct the con- ditions so eloquently portrayed by Sen- aior Borah. We learn thet “there is| widespread and terrible suffering in this | country. In some places the situation | is beyond description. Thousands 2nd millions of homes in this country, for- merly owned but now merely occupied | v good American citizens, have not had n day free from care and actual | went for from eighicen months to two | years, Disease s now visiting thesel‘ homes and taking away the children by resson of the undermined physical con- dition of those children. I am not willing. out of a superstitious reg:rd for the responsibilities of local government and the responsibility of national gov- ernment, to refuse to do my duty to I umanity.” But the question here is whether the Federal Government can assume the responsibility of doing its duty to humanity according to the conception of such duty held by the proponents of direct Federal aid. Can the Federal Government, by the appropriation of money for direct relief of suffering, expect to remove the conditions de- scribed by Senator Borah? When a| Federal bureau is set up in Washing- ton and backed by $375.000,000 in cash | for dispensation among all of those | who suffer and are in need, how far! will the bureau or the money go? What is the measure of the tangible good that they will accomplish? How long will it be before another $375,000.000 fund, and another, and still another, is demanded, backed not only by the pictures of the thousands who suffer, but of the thousands whose suffering has not been alleviated by a Federal Government that has assumed that di- “rect responsibility? The question is not of the need of $375,000,000 or of $3,750,000,000. The question is not one of the pitiable dis- tress and suffering and hardship throughout the land. If the mere ap- propriation of Federal money would relieve distress, that money would be appropriated. It is not a question of the desire to relieve distress, but of ability to relieve distress through meth- ods advocated by proponents of direct Federal aid. e All can remember the piteous case bf the girl who did not have a pair of #ilk stockings for her graduation. She has been replaced by the young lady who has not at least one pair for every day of the week. B A Surely Winning Combination. Political gossip, stimulated by the ennouncement of Alfred E. Smith of New York that he is in a receptive mood toward the presidential nomina- tion of his party, is running to some strangely interesting lengths. For ex- ‘ample, it is stated to be the purpose of m New York faction of the Democratic arty to work out a combination that ‘will effect the nomination of Mayor Malker for the vice presidency. No particulars are given regarding the first ‘place on the ticket. Naturally it is to be expected that the nominations at the convention will be somewhat dis- tributed geographically. The tradition s that the two candidates of the same fparty shall not be from the same State. Usually they are from somewhat widely separated States. 1s Ohio far enough *“West" to permit a “Baker and Walker" plate? Would it not be better, to make th- combination sartorially consistent, to go a bit farther West than Ohio and draft an Illinoisan for first place? One stends forth pre-eminently qualified in that regard, Senator James Hamiiton Yewis, whose personal equipment has always been quite as precise and pic- rial as that of Gotham’s merry yor. What & Wwealth of campaign 3 1 oot @ Yisgh S0 sqpea} 4o | sideration of the confirmatory the right of the commissioners to pro- ceed as officers of the Government. The District Supreme Court has since up- held this position, with the higher courts yet to render their decisions. Thus the objection to immediate noti- fication in the case of Mr. Mills is mere- ly a gesture of precaution. There is no likelihood whatever of the development factor warranting the recon- vote. Probably the objector himself had no other purpose than to emphasize the fact that the rule of the Sepate per- mits the withholding of notice for two executive sessions. Meanwhile, the newly named Secretary is acting as Sec- retary by virtue of his former office, the Treasury is operating as usual and the Government at Washington still lives. of any The Two-Man Bob Runs. With the American skaters furnish- ing the impetus for victory by taking all four major races, the two-man United - States bobsled team went out yesterday and did itself proud. And it had to do it to overcome the stiffest kind of competition from Reto Capa- drutt, the Swiss marvel, who by daring driving was four seconds in the lead when the final heats were begun. In the preliminaries Capadrutt had twice broken the world record, and this made the Stevens brothers, composing the American team, a little mad, as they thought they had a corner on this fastest of runs. So Hubert Stevens, who weighs two hundred and twenty pounds, took Curtis, the youngest of the four brothers, but who is nearly as heavy as Hubert, as his brakeman and they determined to do or die. What they did is now a matter of history. With their heated steel run- ners whining on the ice, they took the turns at seventy miles an hour, hur- tling through the air as they reached the straightaways, and broke two min- utes for the mile-and-one-half run for the first time on any course for two- man bobs. And just to prove that it was no fluke, they went at it agein and set the new world mark at one minute and fifty-seven seconds. It is now up to the four-man Ameri- can team to match this performance and give the United States a clean sweep of two of the major Olympic events, skating and bobsledding. The record for the run with the big teams is one minute and fifty-two seconds, but records are falling so fast in this greatest carnival of Winter sports that it would not be surprising if new and astonishing figures were set. — v The earth itself is the most perfect timekeeper of which we have any knowledge, according to a scientist speaking before the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. The trouble is that, in addition to this, the old sphe- roid seems to get spells of clock-watch- ing. e The War-Navy Buildings. Indecision regarding the location of the new structures to house the War and Navy Departments is not, it would seem, to cause further delay in the establishment of a heating plant tc serve the Government buildings sit- uated within what has come to be known as the Potomac Park area. Steps have now been taken to proceed with this construction, to be placed betveen New York and Virginia ave- nues and Twentieth and Twenty-first streets. Within a couple of months specifications will be ready and bids will be invited for the project, which is to cost $750,000. The appropriation for the work has becen made by Con- gress, but with a time limit, which coincides with the end of the present fiscal year. This decision to proceed at once is impelled by the prospect of & lapse of the appropriation. The plant will serve the White House, the State Dapertmant, Mhe pressot Wamdiewy do-gob omm-thinhin' i de S gleae® Ba008 SXWAQY S5 RUDMICE 10 W B White House and the proper co-ordina- tion of the Government equipment. There is furthermore the factor of traffic congest'on incident to the estab- {lishment of large units. One of the arguments against a site south of the Mall is that the placing of thesc large bulldings there would cause a heavy addition to the traffic across Pennsyl- vania avenus, which with the structures; allocated to triangle sites and now under construction would gravely complicate the situation. ‘The problem will not lessen with de- lay, but rather will increase in diffi- culty. If the Government's building program is to progress systematically and effectively every unit of the series | i l specifically assigned to a site. Delay !entails addition to the cost of land. This was emphatically demonstrated in the case of the Mall-Avenue Triangle, which could have been secured twenty years ago, when the great plan was first definitely advarnced, for undoubt- edly half of the cost that finally had to be met—some estimates run to a much higher percentage figure. Even 1f it is not the purpose to pro- ceed immediately with the new con- structions, out of consideration for the state of the Treasury, the selection of the sites for them should be made now, positively and not tentatively. There can be no effective group planning | otherwise. It fs to be hoped that the decision to go ahead with the heating plant within the area favored by the Public Building Commission for the War-Navy site will bring about an early conclusion beyond reconsideration. France desires and will work to | establish an “international police force” to put a quietus on would-be belliger- ents. And, in spite of the million or 50 of digs at him and wheezes about him, can any one suggest a better chiel for this great force than s certain | Italian gentleman whose name ends in “in1"? vt A group of unemployed have been set to work making a traffic count Then motorists can be employed to make a survey of the unemployed and everything will be better all around. ———— Venice, Calif, has a irls’ Dare Club.” A dare among girls is usually some man's great opportunity. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Worldly Philosophy, I try to be as mild an’ kind as people says I should. Some day I'll find great happiness in simply bein’ good. The answer soft is what a truly proper person makes, But there isn't any limit to the practice that it takes, And yet the answer soft so very oft will merely prove An invitation to some grouch to make another move. You're liable to find your efforts wasted when you're through, For what's the use o’ likin' folks that don't like you? Jes' what the satisfaction is, I've often sought to learn, Ip passin’ out bouquets and gettin’ lem- ons in return! This life is none too long to pay the debts of kindliness To loyal friends close by your side in sunshine or distress. The most that we can give of warm af- fection, frank and plain, Is none too much for those who give it freely back egain. And helps to keép this ploddin’ world from seemin’ biank and blue— Eo what's the use of likin’ folks that don't like you? Fame. “It is a great honor for a statesman to have his portrait circulated before the gaze of posterity on our national currency,” remarked the Treasury official. “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum: “and yet did you ever know anybody to hold on to a dollar bill long enough to know whose picture is on it?” Figuratively Expressed. “You are wedded to your art?” asked the interviewer. “Not at all,” replied the opera singer. “We're tentatively engaged until I see what it can do toward providing an in- come for me.” In February. The resolution that I prized On New Year, with ambitions great, I find, alas! must be revised And cautiously brought down to date. Boredom's Desperation. “Is your husband playing bridge?” “Not exactly,” replied Mrs. Flimgilt. “Some experts have merely invited him into & game to make it harder.” Rude Awakening. I went to see my Uncle Josh, ©Of whom I oft have told; He never once remarked “By gosh,” His coat was far from old; He didn't use the dialect ‘Which I ascribed to him: His speech was wondrously correct And his appearance trim. He did not rail at financiers Nor view things with alarm, ‘There is at present, it appears, No mortgage on the farm. In him a terror they will strike ‘Who harbor gold brick schemes— My Uncle Josh is nothing like The farmer of my dreams! “Its jes' about as hard to pick good sdvice,” said Uncle Eben, “as it 8 o contemplated and required should be ! THIS AND BY CHARLES E. ‘nucnéu.. Now that the sun is getting up late, around 7 o'clock, even the lazybones can watch it rise. The obrerver must live in the suburbs, however, to get the full effect of this ancient but always interesting phenom- enon. 4 There he may see the alternate bands of crimson, purple and blue-green which some mornings- tinge the Eastern skies. There are horizons out here, No rows of chimney pots, but just a chimney here and there. Not so “convenient,” but so peaceful. Not so “close to things,” but so quiet. ‘When Kate Smith’s moon comes over the mountains, you can see it. Real moon! Not too much street light to fade real moon. Same thing with sunrise. ever sees true sun-up in the city. “Who wants to?” some one asks. Ah! that is just the point. Every one ought to, and would, if they could see it free from clutter. City ltving clutlers the soul. Too clcse. Can't see the woods for the people and the houses, Can’'t see the moon come over the mountain, or watch the sun rise, even when it comes up at the highly re- spectable time of 7 o'clock. * k% % ‘There are plenty of trees out our way, and thore are few things equal to trees for filtering sun-up and sun- down, putting lights and tints in their proper place There are squirrels and rabbits and birds—you should hear the birds, al- ready beginning to tune up for the big Spring symphony. Birds, as well as the sun, refuse to get up carly these days. There are no time tables of risings and setting for the birds, as for the sun and moon. The feathered ecrcatures cannot read. They go by the light. A bird is a sort of sun dial. H light hours,” that is better. ‘The birds rejoice in the light. At the first glimmer, even before da: §i as the sun starts to * begin to murmur and cluck. ‘ou can hear them now if you are in the suburbs, clucking away in the early hours. Already strange calls are floating around. There is & persistent whistle. loud, clear, ringing, one bird calling to an- {lane, frcm lane to stre Yes. some of our streets are narrow. and that makes them ‘“lanes.’ said a streel had to be so many fee' wide? A strect is a street, and if it slides through green lawns and shrube and trees, it i< il the better thorough- fare, some think, for not being so wide. * ¥ * X ‘The birds out our way can't tell the |rtreets from the lanes, and the lanes |from the lawns so they make them- selves at home everywhere. Boon now they will be staging again their real tuning up. Those who live in the concrete know nothing about this business. They may think they have hear is only a poor imitition of the real thing. Go down into Rock Creek ENCHING GAZETTE. Chengfu. —Not to be outdone by neigh- boring big cities, Haitien now boasts an “informal” martial law, effective from sunset to sunrise. In ition. to the roving pa- trol and the squad at the road-iax sta: tlon, travelers by night are now stopped at the new station in Main street, and frequent patrols are made of all streets and hutungs. Gazette workers, homeward bound late at night, have developed quite a technique in meeting and allaying the suspicions of these persistent gentle- men. * x %8 Mosaic Pavement Found at St. Albans. The Observer, London.—The season’s tions at Verulamium (St. Albans) has ended with an important chance dis- covery—“the best mosaic pavement at present known there,” as Dr. Mortimer Wheeler, who, with his wife, is in charge of the excavations, described it recently in an intervi “It has” he said, “a very vigerous representation of a Celtic, probably a Gailic, deity, bearded and with a pair of antlers projecting from his head. The deity is probably the Celtic god Cernunnus, who is represented in this manner in Romano-Gallic sculpture. “The mosaic is a bold and vigcrous plece of work. and suggests the tech- nique, perhaps, of a provincial rather than a Roman craftsman. The border which incloses the head includes rep- resentations of drinking cups and other conventional motifs.” It is proposed to take up this newly found pavement for preservation. It is during the excavations, which began at the end of July. The work will be re- sumed next year. * % % x Slip of Foot Adds to Municipal Fund. { Diario de Panama, Panama —Through the inadvertency of placing his foot upon the accelerator without intending to and In consequence of attaining a velocity of 40 miles an hour, Estorgio Tajada de Sandia incurred a fine of 15 balbaos $15 at par in United States money) in Traffic Court recently. At least this is the way Senor Tajada ex- plains the circumstances. “Such a pen- foot.” Senor Tajada’s feet are not large, and of course he cannot be thinking about them all the time. At this season of the vear he is naturally thinking more of “La Natividad,” and what remem- brances Senora Tajada and the children will desire the most. Probably while trying to reconcile even their most mod- est expectations with the financial flatness of the family pocketbook, Senor ‘Tajada became a little distraught, and if he forgot for the moment that the accelerator pedal was not part of an adding machine, was he really very much to blame? In such tense pre- occupations one is very likely to give a superfluous jolt or two to the accel- erator, hoping thereby somehow to en- hance the sum totdl of the holiday funds. However, and as usual, this ritual had quite the very opposite re- sult, as we have seen. It is comforting to know, in such cases that the accel- erator is always to blame. And at any rate, though innocent of any wrong in- tent, Senor Tajada, while he called attention to all these considerations in his favor, ‘does not regret that he has been called upon to assist the municipal exchequer in these days of depleted resources. * ¥ X % Spain Favorably Situated for Air Traffic. El Sol, Madrid.—Four centuries ago the voyagers of Spain were foremost and predominating in the conquest of the new continent to the West. In- numerable caravels safled from every port. manned by daring crews whom no dangers could dismay nor hardships deter. The greater glory of that perilous belonged to Spain. In that distinguished company hundreds of Spaniards bequeathed their to re- motest posterity, and ever since their names have been household words among all nations. But those voyages were more *than 400 years l,n In these latter days— most regretfully we confess it—when an aerial exodus has been from of Spanish avistors. to names Even It is questionable whether any one| e, 100, marks only sunny hours, or | aby 4 Pla 4:30! g. | Paradoxically former Gov. Alfred E. Smith of New York by snnounecing himself a receptive candidate for the Democratic nomination for President has practically eliminated himself from the race. The immediate reaction to Mr. Smith's statement declaring him- self willing to make the fight if the Democratic convention should tender him the nomination is sufficient indi- cation of that fact. It is true enough that most of the Democratic leaders tl and many of those who are not leaders ‘bad been well agreed Gov. Smith could t make the grade this year in any ent. But the candidacy of Gov. ith, receptive but still a candidacy, ¢ out in the open has given a good ce to the public generally to ob- the situation. Except in those like Massachusetts, where Smith fapent is strong and has been strong crilong time, the attitude of Demo- aders has been decidedly averse Smith candidacy, and where L not been open criticism the ny-&hfl been decidedly cold, to «ast, th * * ok ox se[?uby‘h,flmllh has eliminated him- dacy, tement of receptive candi- '::Lkll:‘! also eliminated Gov. Park some merning in c'clock. or into you will hear the Tooil>-tcotl, le |of vioiin , such scales on fluted such cmhah of sees & through what is *tunf It does nct take much put these fiddlers intp seats, them in an orchestqy pit, instruments in their elaws, ani bird alive sawing away, and away, and thumnfnt m the far hills ring. is the birds’ mornily symph * Ok x ¥ y Furry creatures are stirrimy as sun comes up. \ Great-tailed squirrels, seeking out | their buried treasures, dart along the parking, over lawrs, up trees. Stevenzon merely emulated Natuve when he became interested in his treasure island, and made the world in- terested in it, too. The squirrels know all abcut buried treasure. They bury it themselves. They dig down and dig up other buried Lreasures—tul bulbs, for instance, :-')::Icu they deftly proceed to make their There are rabbits in those hills to the east. They, too, feel the stir of the | 3 probapi@osevelt of New York as sunrise. They want to be up and do- | president? Mnocratic nominee for |ing, with a heart for any fate. DOg |tne Roosevelie Who are opposed to or cat fate. Qog after them, cat after | o)y that tididacy sav emphati- them. Legs work like pistons, brown nsposevelt ship is fast l:l:rmk gmfl the brown D cind, white | LKOE T the nowmina ditional dog yelp when chasing rabbits. | Ghicago next Jurgort victorious in e il even e Tame, - adroms I | . e or e e | around garages (rabbit making tremen- fi‘lfi,",fl"‘:‘%fi(:‘:‘.‘fi;nh:y making an it t . s ©0 ‘ar ceent. Well bred cats crouch in grass, watch- ing amazing chase. They would like |to join, but are afraid of dogs. Rab- bit afrald of dogs. cats afraid of dogs, dogs afraid of nothing. : bbit leaps 10 feet wide and 3 feet kigh at every jump, dogs' legs ease in and out ltke pistons, plenty of steam, | but slow, slow, compared with rabbit {legs, provelling up and out, sort of ani- | mal flying. * * % % Roosevelt. In the' fiances of Gov. greatly encouraged tplace. it has he Roosevelt nominatioponents of re becming decidedly de of whom progress of the Roosevelt 2ast at the second place, it has placed. In the as candidates for delegate tihe feld cratic Natlonal Convention® Demo- vocates where the delegatith ad- have gone by default to Ropsmight *ox o ox \ ‘The most puzziing occurrenc: cent days in the hectic field p1Te- dential politics amcng the Dens! ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Few Americans realize how much their Government does for them. Readers of The Evening Star can draw cn all Government activities through the amount a wine cask lacks of being full>—T. C. N. A. The term is ullage. our free v-rld's greatest libraries, laboratories | aud experimental stations are at their | command. and it will be answered, i alrect to'you. Inglose 2-cent stamp fpr reply postage and address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. goli?—L. G. Book says that the firs; woman golfer Q. What Negro weekly newspaper has the largest circulation?>—M. P. hA. The n‘);lcnor D)c‘ir:l?del.l;hx elrfil‘:.u | Shores, librarian o v Y. b e qm’":: :y‘ x;':;tl | says that more than 200 Negro news- | papers are published in, the United States—one or more for nearly every | community which includes a consid- able Negro population. Q. Where do cashew nuts come from?—R. L. T. A, Fri X 4| A. They grow on tropical American e e T |trees in the West Indies, Central information service. The | . Who was the first woman to play of whom there is mentjon was Mary' grandaughter of James 1V, who became Queen of Scotland. She playedgal- most as well as men, was an enthuslast, playing “goife” a few aays after the death of her husband. Q. How man le<slaters are there in the Canadian Parliamen:?—T. E. A. The Canadian Federal Parlia- ment is made up of 245 members of the House of Commons, elecied by popular franchise of both mea and women over 21 years of age taroighout the Dominion, and 96 Senators, who are appointed for life by the government in power, as vacancles occur. Q. How high in the air does life ex- t7—C. 8. A. Recent Government experiments | corducted with airplanes have found ingect life 20,000 feet, or nearly 4 miles, | in the air. This space fly is practically coloriess. What it lives on has not yet ‘' teen del in end brought censure upon herself by | America, North and South America. Q. Is the Caspian Sea the largest | leke in the world?—G. H. S. A. It is the largest lake either fresh or zalt in the world, with an area uf 170,000 square miles. The largest freiii- water lake in the world is Lake Su- pericr, Canada and the United State:, with an area of 31,200 square miles | ,Q How is the Zcological CRsden in Philadelphia supported?—E. R. A. The maintenance of the garden |is provided by the admission receipis, the dues of members and by an annual appropriation from the City of Phila- | delphia for the purchase of tickets for | the use of the children of the public schools. | Q. What_causes a ring around th: moon”—R. N. A. The ring is a halo. While all halos are due to ice crystals, some caused by the refraction of lights pas:- | ing through the crystals and others i Q. How does the expense of main- taining the White House now compare with what it was 10 years ago?—C. C. A. Senator Harrison made a speech in Jsnuary in which he said: “When | M. Harding was president, in 1922, $206,000 was appropriated; in 1923 the appropriation amounted to $349.000: in 1924, under Mr. Coolidge, to $450.000; in 1925, under Mr. Coolidge, to $411. 000; in 1926, under Mr. Coolidge, to $483,000: in 1932, under Mr. Hoover, to $532,000. What is the origin of the barber pole?—F. H. H. A Formerly barbers performed minor - | operations in surgery and, when neces- | was the call of Mr. Smith onts sary, bled their patients. To assist in other from tiee to tree, from street to| Who | (heard the bird prelude. but what they | work on the site of the Roman excava- | the fourth mosaic that has been found | he complains, “for only using my | The moon is just going, going down over the mountail after lfle sun has replaced its lavender and pink with one | uniform deep red. Sun coming up, moon going down. we say “up” and we say “down,” but actually is neither one nor the cther. Wkat we see we really do not see. If we think we see a thing, maybe we do see it, after all. The sun has | been coming up for too many million | years to enter into any dispute about {it. Not worth' while. Tt is to> beau- tiful. Whatever it does, it does. How we see it makes nio difference. The main thing is to see it. Out | here you can. Watch the lavender streaks turn into pink, and the pink into old rose, and old rose into erim son, like fire in the mountains, aw 'way off. bred sun-up, peace and quiet, and good | morning to you! Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands aspects of aviation, with alarm beholds herself losing little by little to the ad- vances in this scierce made by other | nations. ‘There is Germany, for in- | stance. with her Zeppelins. and Italy. | with e A ting and ef- ! ommercia 3 French sentiment 5 beginning t0 in- sist that her aerial equipment be made at least the equivalapt of ihat belong- | ing to any other covStry. The plight of | Spain, however, is Wtle regarded in the lucubrations of her army and navy of- |ficials. And thcugh always alert to vision her possible e.emies, France, con- sistently enough, Is neither much nor little trepidation because of Spain. And this is true not only in a military sense, but commerclally as well, though Spain | is on the direct route to South America. This is a theme we would like to en- large upon, for if Spain has lost her supremacy upon the sea, she can regain ner fortunes and her trade by building up & mighty commeree of the air. More favorably situated for this traffic than any other country in Europe, and bound by ties of blood, affection and tradition with all of South America, & new op- portunity is offered her to retrieve her anclent prestige and engage in & new | conquest, not of arms or force, but of humanity and service to all her trans- atlantic daughters and herself, ———— :Roosevell Holds Aloof in Campaign | From the Baltimore Sun. | Northwestern States do not have | many votes in the electoral college or in the party conventions, but they do have party primaries, and those pri- maries often bring interesting and sometimes significant pelitical develop- ments in their train. Especially is this true when there js & contest or a sem- | blance of a contest for the Republican nomination, for the Northwest is the | traditional battleground between the regular and the insurgent factions of | the Republican party. ‘When there is no Republican contest the Northwest is usually more interest- ing than significant. That promises to | be the case this year. The North Da- |kota primaries, in connection with which presidential aspirants are re- quired to announce their candidacies, have now served to effect the formal launching of the campaign to nominate Gov. lin D. Roosevelt of New York. In a letter to the secretary of the Democratic Committee in North Dakota, the New York executive has authorized the use of his name, and in 50 doing has indicated the type of cam- Ppaign he intends to conduct. It promises to be an aloof cam 3 with the candidate formally ign as far as possible the various measures his organizers are taking to secure dele- gates in his own behalf. This is clearly foreshadowed by Gov. Roosevelt's des- laration that, while he is receptive, he is ‘obligated to a still.higher duty” from which he cannot “divert” his efforts in furtherance of his “own political fu- ture.” These words leave no doubt that Gov. Roosevelt hopes to preserve an at- titude of unconcern, while leaving the real activity of his campaign to the po- litical subordinates who are working so assiduously in his behalf. Such an at- titude is diametrically opposed to that of Gov. Ritchie, the only other avowed candidate, who has indicated a willing- ness not only to accept, but to seek the! e bork of hich e 50 personal unconcern w] Gov. Roosevelt contemplates was h! Eueeeu{g‘l‘ in the uuxa(‘htum't v. mith four years ago. at time| Mr. Smith was so far ahead of all other candidates that what they did did not count and what he himself did was equally unimportant, Whether o Roosevelt can follow the same out- wardly complacent practice in the face of the opposition which promises to de- velop to his nomination remains to be! seen. All that we know now is that he intends to'try, and that in so doing he will differentiate himself decidedly on the score of frankness the only other aspirant so far in the fleld. ——————.———— Classifying Mental Ages. Prom the Miami Daily News. A Rutgers professor he can tel e eSS ade of Dereces by what they laugh st. We m the infant ciass is reserved for who lsugh 8 afia eops, Roosevelt at the latter's home af.|the operation. the patient was required 45-minute conversation between |to grasp a stafl. and a stick or pole was two men soon after the publicationalways kept by the barber, together the Bmith statement announcing Mwith the necessary bandage. When the Smith's willingness to run if he shoulgle was not in use, the bandage was the refiection of light from their s faces. The differences in shape and the positions of the crystals account fcr the great variety of halo forms. Tho: caused by reflection are white; thos by refraction are colored. Q Can you tell me what a victory is called that is disastrous to the vir- tor as well as the vanquished?—J. L. jon to the exclamation of Pyrrhus King of Epirus, after his defeat of the Romans at Asculum in 279 B. C., when he said: “One more such victory over the Romans and we are utterly | undone.” Q. Please explain how airplanes are catapulted off ships.—M. F. ‘There are two methods of cata- pulting airplanes off ships, the gun- powder catapult and the compressed alr catapult. These devices work in much the sawe way as does a sling- It is the cool of the morning, a \‘!H-( be nominated by the Democratic Naad to it and hung at the door as a conversationm. At length, instead of using the tical tional Convention. The of the two men is still a matter of { conjecture, for neither has detailed it. So widely was Mr. Bmith's statement | heralded as a blow at the Roosevelt! | candidacy that perhaps Mr. Smith was | | desirous of provinz to Gov. Roosevelt | !his neutrality, and for that reason the call was mads F: r. Smi said n his statement that he would not favor or oppose the candidacy of any other man for the Democratic nomi- nation. * * % ox Another puzzling occurrence was an| ‘nterview published widely in the news- papers on Tuesday in which Mr. Smith | was .quoted as scving that he was not | a candidate for the presidential nomi- | nation because he was not making a | fight for deegates to the National Con- | vention and had no political headquar- | ters, ete. He was replying to widespread | interpretation of his original statement | which held that Gov. Smith had thrown his hat in the ring. This interview led to discussion of the question:| “When is a candidate?” And now it} appears that Gov. Smith denies that | he is not a candidate, according to an- other interview, or denies, at all events, | that he was using the word candidate in his interview in the dictionary sense which defines candidate as “one who of- | fers himsell or is put forward as an aspirant or contestant for an office, | privilege or Qonor.” Gov. Smith insist- »d in his latest interview that his orig- inal statement was what he stood upon | and would continue to stand upon. So the fight for Smith-instructed delegates will go ahead in a number of the States where the former Goverenor’s friends| have come forward and declared their; intention of making a fight to nomi-| nate him at the Chicago convention. *x % * The attitude of Tammany and its leaders in New York City has vet to be| developed, in view of the Smith candl-. dacy. In 1928 the Tammany leaders were the most enthusiastic supporters | of Gov. Smith for the Democratic nomi- nation. No one considered asking where they stood on the question of a Demo- cratic nominee for President. They had their coats off working for All Smith, and had been working for months. But so far none of Tammany’s most imwportant leaders has said any- thing about the announcement of Gov. Smith's receptive candidacy. This does not mean that Smith has no friends in Tammany Hall. But it shows at least a desire on the part of the New York City Democratic organization to get in line all its forces before it leaps. A divided Tammany Hall is something to be avoided, if possible. Yet there seem to be three groups in Tammany Hall today; a gjoup that is friendly to Al Smitte a ghup that is friendly to Gov. Roosevelt and & group that does not care for either one of them. Perhaps the group that is apparently friendly to Roosevelt does not roally care for the Governor at all, but merely wants to be on the winning side. It has been sug- gested that Mayor Walker's friends in Tammany Hall would bring him for- ward either as a candidate for the presi- dentinl nomination or as a candidate for Vice Feesident. It is obvious that if Mayor Walker is the nominee for Vice President of the Democratic party; neither Smith nor Roosevelt could head the ticket. The Constitution prohibits the election of both President and Vice President from the same State. “Jim-{ my” Walker's chances for a place on the national ticket under all the cir- cumstances, however, appear to be ab- solutely nothing. ok ok ok ‘The plea of Jouett Shouse, chairman of the Fxecutive Committee of the Democratic National Committee, for un- instructed delegates to the Democratic National Convention, has roused the resentment of Roosevelt followers. The Roosevelt camp has been doing all in its Ylower to win and pledge delegates to the convention for Roosevelt. Obvi- ously the on of Mr. Shouse would strike a sour note among them. Probably favorite-son candidates in other States will not regard the lu{- gestion favorably either. The Roosevelt people go even further and insist that the Shouse tion is aimed at the Roosevelt lidacy. Mr. Shouse, on the other hand, insists that as a head- quarters official of the Democratic Na- tional organization he is neutral in the fight for the presidential nomination. There is a growing tendency on the part of some of the Roosevelt support- ers to talk more and more of the “in- terests” opposing the nomination of Gov. Roosevelt for President. Senator Wheeler of Montana has not hesitated. to say, for example, that it is the hydro- electric power interests—the power trust—which is seeking to kill off the Roosevelt candidacy and that it would 80 to any lmfin‘ :o!‘mnl this about. = The wet cloud on the Republican horizon continues to grow more menac- ing. The wet Republican group in Pennsylvania, which put candidates for Senator and Governor into the fleld in 1930, and the wet Republicans leaders in other States, including New York and Connecticut, are stirring up the ques- tion more and more. “Republican Citizens' Committee Against National Prohibtion” has been organized, with Raymond Pitcaim, a Philadelphia law- la sigre Tequired to use the pole as shot. The plane is placed on a car was painted ¢ ‘The releasing of compr or of gunpowder at the b: plane assists it to pick up the ne: flying speed. Is there any person living who collects a pension from the War of 1812? —K. K A. On February 1, 1932, there were 8 widows of veterans who served in the War of 1812 receiving pensions. Q. Please define patent pending. pat- ent applied for and patented—O. G. T. A. The terms patent pending and patent applied for mean that an appli- cation for patent has been filed at the United States Patent Office, but the pat- ent has not yet been granted. When the word patented is used it means that a patent has actually been granted. Q. Why are some surnames, ffolliott instance, written with a small initial ter?—E. 8, A There are certain English sur- names. such as flolliott, french, oulkes in which the initial letter is not capital- the world. depopulate | 8. Fi was merely the method of Q. What is the wor indicating the capital letter in the early _ hich signifies ' documents. World Skyjical as Geneva Seeks _bduced Armaments Pessimisth is reflected in ti 5 ments on the meeting of the "Om- | terests are maintained, by force of ence on Arms Reduction at Genier- | armaments? Remove that force, what conflict continues in the Far East 28 | changes will automatically occur? What failure of existing treaties to mafl¢ restrains Japan, if anything. from tak- peace casts a shadow over presenf ing China as England took India? Only forts, although it is felt that the k| the armaments of England, America of reducing the armament burden & and maybe Italy and France. Reduce creating conditions favorable to warlthe armament of irance by a half and wide peace persists. Poland and Germany on a totally “For! all the political conflict ftew course. How much can we reduce Europe, for all the war in the Orientir Own armament and not forfeit the the world's peoples will be wistful ¢s and perhaps Hawail and the concerned in the Geneva conference, Doctrine” We are in an im- says the Minneapolis Journal. while the | jlistic world. The foundation of Philadelphia Inquirer concludes that ' yjrialism is military force. The ques- there is still hope for the patient where | yof disarmament goes to the root of there is life, and the countless millions ' p. government. World disarma- of human beings who believe in reduc- ;o 1eans world democracy. We need tion of armaments as an important step | maysurprised, then, if disarmament in the direction of universal peace must |, oW but the slowest of starts agree with Arthur Henderson when he pe g be fairly content with that refuses to ‘contemplate even the pos- | ;i€ “lis much. The momentum of sibility of faflure’” The New York 1o the rest.” Herald-Tribune declares: “It now seems - - —.e—s. improbable that the conference will re- duce the existing armaments burden by | C"“"'}an Mudd]es ‘armers of Texas any considerable amount, but it does| not seem unlikely that it will remove many damaging obfuscations and leave From the Ct a clearer road for the future.” R i adohwr\'iing l:lhlt the lgnfhue has ’theck-; !n: . ton-reduction law they war in Irope, an e conference Wwere i ng offers Arthur Henderson “a world forum to adopt and E;h" south@ States from which to plead for intelligent ac- mantally B Wiilch Gav. Qard- u_?_x‘: l’he Omaha World-Herald say :;‘ “T" ‘d his ground—well, “This is not much, but it is some- |the same Texas, ., .. thqt insisted thing. At the lJeast it keeps the sacred |or the calling 0 o oia) gession to w urging a special fires burning. At the best. even when - hope has fled, it may yet fan them | CToct that law ere into flames in which the menacing war | session to repeal fu, o ro4ction law demons will be devoured. It is within |is operating as it Vgoo o4 g might the power of civilizatfon to save itself. | cperate—it has got ’muon . The incentive is compelling. And meiers of that State JF. muddle. A League. its agencles and ideals, pro- |cotton member of th2 (A "y 0 vide the instrument, ready at hand. | written Gov. Sterln@Fia(ie o What is required is that the better na- &ake," to call another Loy coccion to ture of mankind assert itself, with wis- | repeal the law. No othéa . “pad 101 dom and courage raised up to guide lowed the Texss exampley ' 0 it. It is for this that men of good |pect that Texas alone Wy. . ijred will have long been praying—and it |fo cut acreage does not The has been a long prayer. Perhaps, in|Te: law had no provisi.iel oiper the providence of God, a favorable States should enact simil o @ity sponse will be much longer delayed.” |now the Texas farmers, to “\} . oy “The conference will endeavor to[guage of the Houston Ponjgiarch bring about a reduction, not only of | “are left holding the sack in\"Poo, or armaments, but of the spirit of war,” |of acreage reduction.” And, "o declares the Salt Lake Deseret News, | Wicdom of the North Caroling, .. .. adding that, “if it succeeds, civiliza- |in electing to pursue the voldyy ta tion will have made a significant step | duction course is vindicated. Ty, upward.” ‘The Pasadena Star-News |Dispatch reminds that while tig. .- offers the fudgment: “Any effective (age reduction agitation in ""?me work at this time by & Disarmament |%as &t white heat the questi{y.C Conference seems out of the question, |8sked, “Why do the farmers deny o but the cause of world peace will go on, | 18w to force them to do what th despite temporary setbacks.” The In- dianapolis News adds: “The confer- ence would be unfaithful to its obliga. tion if it did less than face the situa- tion courageously and afford at least an estimate’ of world opinion.” The News suggests that “it may find the prospect _bri than the present | crisis porten Recognizing “a continuous peace pro- gram,” the Oakland Tribune states: “Ironical as it is that the Geneva meet- ing starts as the world is watching events in China, there is consolation in the fact the peace will is not routed. The Shanghai demonstration of ruth- less force is in itself a challenge to civilization and one which sooner or later must be answered.” “The best way out,” advises the Roa- noke World-News, “Would be to post- pone the conference now for at least six months or until the Chinese situ- ation has been settled.” The Cincin- nati Times-Star calls the opening of the conference “one of the supremely | ironic events of modern times.” point- pole, another ¢ stripes around it. in imitation of Jeeal pole and bandage. Lord Thur- \\ & speech in the House of Lords ute’ 17, 1797, stated that by a stat- | geofd in force the barbers and sur- tlue @d to have the poles striped the pavhite and a red rag to denote ‘Jar nature of their vocation. Uied , State or territory of the populatiops has less than 100,000 A. Oniyl. A. Territory, State, Nevada, and one Nevada had8, are m this class. 1930. The and Alaska 60.000 in territories or ations of the detached States range ‘£5sions of the United Samoa to 1213 10,000 in American pine Islands, 'lon for the Philip- Q. What is— Ingalls' “Blue Gr last sentence in A “It yields no—W. J. A and yet, should ité in earth or air single yea rmmgr‘\‘rfist fail for a ready want to do?” Now that they e the law and the cotton surplus is ki, to be greater than it was estimy when the law was passed, rendering’ need of reduction greater, they wan repealed. Would not Texas give t world a laugh by having its Legislatu meet in expensive session now to unc what it did last September! As the greatest cotton-growing State Texas can afford to set the example of curtailment. Any sacrifice it may make in so doing should be more than com- pensated by the benefits of diversifica- ton, which the cotton-reduction law is designed to encourage. However, if other States do not follow the example this year without compulsory legisla- ‘loni ‘h'! w:lolem&;ulh bids fair to get less for its le product than if ail should reduce. X And even if the Texas law is declared constitutional, it is not going to be en- forced to any greater extent than the farmers want it enforced. The Texas cotton-planting experience this year is n going to show the farmers of North “p Carolina to what extent they have saved power is sending warships loaded with | themselves by not inviting legislative fighting men to China,” while there is| action in control of their own opera- “the chronic obstacle of nationalistic |ticns, but rather determining to settle rivalries in Europe.” the reduction problem by their own “There is much more to arms reduc- | wise voluntary action. tion,” asserts the Dayton Daily News, ——————— “than mere arms reduction. How much . of this earth is held in bond, what in- Electrons in Lockstep. Prom the Ann Arbor Daily News. ‘The latest theory is that electrons march in lock step, which is not so astonishing, consid th htlfl old g, — ering the rel L““ PrERS)