Evening Star Newspaper, May 31, 1931, Page 28

s, Defense, W_aterways 'and Flood Control Part of Army Job in Peace, Says Hurley | (Continued From First Page.) United States and the Governor of Cal- ifornia_appointed a commission known as the Hoover-Young-San Francisco Bay Bridge Commission, to study the propo- sition from all angles. The commission included among its membesrs officers of the Engineer Corps and of the Navy and after glving full consideration to the rights of commenrt the needs of national defense. time and commercial interests, been safeguarded, and the construction can now proceed as a ben:fit to all and a hindrance to nove. I mention these bridge projects be- eause the problems connected with them have been settled during the last year and their problems. such as clearane obstruction to navigation, and unr sonable interference with other trans- portation faciilties are typical of the problems connected with the scores of aimiler, though som-what _smaller, structures which require the War De- partment's approval and supervision in their construction. Harbor Change Controversial. - Then there was the matt:r of the modification of the established harbor lines along the Hudson River at the port of New York. controversial problem. New York and New Jersey wanted to build thousand-foot piers out into the Hudson on opposite sides of the stream. ‘This would have been impracticable, as it would have constricted the channel. It was the War Department’s responsi- | bilty to keep a sufficient channel open. | Matters had been d-adlocked for 25 years. After personal inspection and conference between the Secretary of War and the officials of the cities of New York and Newark and Jerszy City, and the States interested, there were evolved modifications of the separate pro- posals of those authorities which found favor with all of them. The result wasa compromise that permits the building of piers that will accommodate liners of the 1,000-foot class. plished by the so-called “stagger:d plan.” That is, New Jersey will build short plers opposite New York's long piers, and New York will build short plers opposit: New Jersey's long plers. This gives both the desired long plers, and still maintains the usual and neces- sary width of channel. The construc- tion that this permits by New York and New Jersey, by railroacs and shipping companies, and individuals, amounts to no less than $75.000.000. Much of this ‘work has been commenced since the de- eision. Controve, that have accumulated over a quarter of a century involving waterways, flood control projects, bridges and piers have been settled by the War Department during the past year. These settlements were made for the purpose of permitting construction of these great projects to proceed at once as one of the aids to relieve un: employment and to assist in the Pres dent’s internal improvement program. ‘The decisions rendered by the War De. partment have enabled States, munic! alities, corporations and individuals to gemn. when they are ready, the con- struction of projects involving the ex- penditure of hundreds of millions of dollars. In addition to the usual expenditures for housing construction and for water- ways, the department, at the direction of the President, requested and ob. tained two emergency appropriations in | order to employ as many men as pos- sible during the depression. These twi emergency appropriations. one for $12.- 500,000, another for $22,500,000, thousand additional men at work. ‘The Bureau of Insular Affairs is a part of the War Department, The War Department is the contact between the United States Government and the 15, 000,000 inhabitants of Porto Rico and the Philippine Islands. ‘The War Department also governs the Panama Canal Zone. Insular Problems Perplex. Our insular possessions have pre- sented many perplexing problems dur- ing the last year. The problems of Rico have been largely economic, growing out of the 1928 hurricane and the effect of the world-wide depression. ‘The Secretary of War is chairman of the Porto Rican Hurricane Relief Com- mission. Under the constructive lea of Governor Roosevelt. with the aid s~ liberally given by the United States, Porto Rico making slow but steady toward recovery. Philippine Islands have a popu- hfion of approximately 13,000,000 peo- TR e span of the glol e e are mel?'enz and " industtions end al navigation and | This was & most | | This is accom- | en- | abled the department to keep nevenl‘ enjoy many cther benefits by reason of their reln‘on to the United States. The result is that they have made greater progress toward higher political, eco- nomical and educational standards dur- ing the 30 years that they have been under the flag of the United States than any other people in their hemisphere. The preservation and continuance of this progress is the earnest concern of all interested part.es. Inland Waterways Corporation, which was organized by the direction cf Con- gress to experiment in the bullding of ‘cn(l to navigate our inland streams and to conduct a transportation sys- tem. Its purpose is to put commerce back cn the rivers. This corporation is organized for experimental purposes. | The “craft designed by it have been successful in navigating the rivers. | When the corporation has served its | purpose of restoring commerce to the inland streams its assets will be for sale. as the Government does not iIn- tend to remain permanently in the transportation business in competition with private enterprise. Secretary Heads Boards. ‘The Secretary of War also is presi- dent of the National Forest Reserva- tion Commission, which, under the di- rection of Congress, is purchasing tim- red lands throughout the Nation for national forest reservations. On the request of the President, the last session of Congress enacted a law creating a Federal Power Commission. This relieved the Secretary of War of membership on the former Federal Power Commission, but the War De- | partment still has charge of the power plant and nitrate plants at Muscle Shcels on the Tenne see River. These plants were constructed as a war-time mensure, but the progress in the sci- entific methods for producing nitrcgen has rendered these plants no longer | necessary for national defense pur- ses. Nitrogen can now be purchased undance and at much less ccst than it can be produced by the equip- | ment ‘at Muscle” Showls. In peace-time the War Department accumulates a greatmany civil func- tions. It now has an accumulation of civilian activities thai are growing and in all probability will, upon proper re- organization of the departments cf the Government, be transferred to civilian departments. The War Department is ever mind- ful that it is an instrument of the peo- ple. It is ale:t to serve their interest wherever it can. It shares the burden in America’s part in_ the world-wide economic deprassion. The Secretary of War was appoirnted by the President as one of the committee to assist in re- lieving unemployment. The War De- partment has availed itself of the opportunity to serve in softening the economic hardships and relieving need. As soon as unemployment appeared, orders were lssued that jobs on public works under the department’s control should be spread as far as possible. Military housing construction and work on rivers and harbors were accelerated. As early as June 1, 1930, the depart- ment took a definite stand for the re- tention of *he American standard of living by ordering that wages paid to |its civilian cmployes should be main- tained at-pre-depression levels, Army AMds in Drought. During the drought military property, including water transportation facili- | ~| ties, were made available wherever pos- £ible. Last Winter the department or- | dered its surplus property in cots, °‘ blankets and clothing to be made avall- |able to relief agencies for the benefit of those citizens who were in distress. There was no legal authority for such |use of Government proper JOur present economic hardships orig- inated. in large measure, in a world- wide depression and cannot be over- come by artificial or temporary meth- ods. Sound national, economic policies are necessary, and in this democracy | economic recovery cannot be accom- {plished by Government fiat or artifi- cial methods, however temporarily help- ful they may be. Under our form of government and our sysiem of eco- nomics, recovery must be made by the initiative and the courage 2nd the in- telligent activity of the individual citi- zen. No plan or policy, however wise it may be, can succeed without the courageous and earnest support of the citizenship. In closing, T am glad to be able to say that the United States Army. in- cluding the Air Corps and the civilian components, during this administration has achieved its greatest peace-time ef- ficlency. The Army is better organized, better trained, better equipped. better housed and better officered than ever before in peace. Great Britain’s 5-Year Plan Envisions Giant Units to Re which today is interfered with in all di- nc lons through successive factory acts, union regulations and what-not— l'lva it weapons against economic catas- trophes which at present it is powerless to combat. do away with overlapping| and enormously improve research or- ®anization; thus also would they substi- tute for the obsolete game of party poli- | tics and demagogy a scientific direction of the nation’s life and business by the best and most vigorous elements, able at last to work without being hampered and frustrated on all sides by ignorance, m]ud!u. party political considerations, lists, talkers, selfish sectional in- I-uu. predatory finance and the like. ‘warmest welcome to the Plan has come from Liberal economists and the Labor intelligentsia. The former have Jong been prominent in urging the ne- cessity of national planning: the latter view any form of national planning as a powerful impetus accelerating the proc- ess of the mmler of ind from a private to & public basis, until the so- ecialist commonwealth is reached. ‘The views of the intelligentsia Labor- Socialist may be represented by the comment of Harold J. Laski, professor of political science at London Univer- sity and one of the intellectual props and most lcllvl Ppublicists of the Labor- Soclalist group “A national plln is the only way in which the Prennt social order can hope to justify Either we must plan our civilization or we shall perish.” The snag he perceives in the big Plan, however, is that in their anxiety to “conform to enlightened conservatism in the molding of private capital to so- elally useful purposes, satisfy all mod- erate Socialist ambitions by providing for increasing public control and liberal Adeals of national reconstruction.” the planners evade the vital question of party: and plans are of little use with- out parties. Points to Problem. soon as you begin to discuss umu observes Prof. Laski sagely, “you will find that your root problem is the ques.ion of property rights, and to deal with those you will have to adopt the hlluophy of socialism in some such form as I 1t It must be said that in its general ap- business the Plzn bears proach toward the impress of the theorist mind which B hanidled -+ nationa] goopraphical & naf geogra) area as minerals are handled in a labo- ratory. It leaves private individuals free to lose all the money v.mymu luezpefl mental enterprises. with the pm |mllo ation,” subordination’ “to other in- ests concerned” and “limitations of profits.” This policy is calculated to freeze up the headwaters of progress and mg new industrics in the bud. Further, the Plan speaks of “raw ma- terials of a type capaple of being con- tracted for in bulk some years in ad- vance.” It wou'd puzzle a business man vive Economic Life their product in bulk at current prices.” although how this is going to be done | by a capitalistic state in world business | without producing an economic bedlam 1s & problem which only the pr/Zessional | mind could solve. | Critics of the Plan say that no indus- try which has to meet any kind of world | competition can lay down a five-year plan for the conduct of its business. Prices rise and fall, no producer who was ever born can estimate demand. and even the measure of reorganization which is being helped by the big bank- ers in England today is recognized as being largely determined by pure guesses at the prebable future volume of salable production. Invite Amendments. Anticipating such criticism, the Plan makers very wisely announce that what they put forward is not the Plan, but the raw materials for the Plan, subject to addition, omissions and amendments —something to think around. The big and important point about it is that it is crystallizing the argu- ments for and against planned eco- nomics in a non-communistic state. Planned economics have come to the forefront of discussion in almost every state on the planet which has been hit by the fa'l of some 40 per cent in the prlce! of commodities over the last two —a fall equivalent to & rise in an ‘e?ull amount in the purchasing value How can these recurrent crises — of which the present one is the most vio- lent ever recorded—be avolded? Marx always said that the private capitalist world was based upon unregulated com- petition and that unregulated competi- tion produces periodical overproduction, unemployment, financial panics and all ihe other symptoms our economic doc- tors are now examining. He therefore made p'anned economics a basic princi- ple of the system which the Russian put into practice. But planned economics in Russia have a pattern all thelr own. Rucsian indus- try was ninc-t>nths foreign owned and cxplolted before the revolution, and the Russia of Stalin is not an old-estab- lished industrial state busy reorganizing, but a hackward sgrarian state l.ryln( to get itself industrialized. Its imme- diate problem is nct how to curb over- production but how to get adequate pro- duction for its own needs for a start nd. subsequently, a share in world markets commensurate with its size and Seeks Lost Markets. Britain's nve-n-r plan, on the other hond, is designed to enable bher to re- gain the disproportionate share of world trade—or at least a large portion of that | share—which she held in prew:r days when she was virtually the world workshop. | The achicve this object the Plan | makers envisage arrangements with for- elgn naticns on tie baigaining basis of you-buy-my-goods-and - I'll - buy-yours, to name & single raw material in this | and reject the Beaverbrook idea of re- eategory. The Plan also envisages as an sesential feature “long-period contracts otmeu primary producers to buy generation through a tariff wall around the empire and intensive development inside of it.{"They also el-l\ for a dy- The War Department conducts the | THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., namic pnet pnl.lcy and m.nd.hlp with Soviet Remlhu '.he probhm of mun. this or any other sort of national plan into ration. Mussolini needed & party of 1000.000. backed by 300,000 bayonets and the support of a bevy of frightened lurm a distinct raclal unit. They have | industrialists and capitalists to put & free trade with the United Stat>s and ! national reorganization plan into eration. Gen. de Rivera had to pul lg! Spanish provinces under the rule of mejor generals and suppress public opinion in crder to achieve even a par- ul economic reorganization of Srain. Lenin and Trotiky had to destroy the monarchy merely to break ground for scale economic and political reorgenization which Stalin is now en- deavoring to bring to frultion with the ald of machine guns and terrorism. In order to put anything like this British plan into operation England would have to submit to a virtual dic- tatorship. The planners envisage some- thing of the soit. Sir Oswald Mosley, another plan maker, has already boldly suggested a cabinet of five who would be virtual dictators during their term of office. way with Parliament!” is the slogan of the younger generation. Industry Has Plan. Industry, represented by the big fed- revo'utionaries are now attempting to eration, has meantime issued its own plan, based upon an immediate general tariff behind which a acientific tariff to meet the specific requirements of each industry can be worked out. Baldwin and Beaverbrook, now in accord (with Rothermere left in the discard) approve this. Conservatism in general views with distrust these national reorganiza. tion plans, smelling of dictatorships, compulsion and the lakoratory where economic thrive. They seem to concentrate too much power in too few hands—and pos- sibly in wrong hands. They appear to discourags those human forces and in- spirations which have built up the ex- isting fabric and upon which 1t still depends. They also suggest far-reach- ing changes in the social order l’euulfln( tharefrom. Indusirialists who want to run their business without interference, and the conservative elements generally, point out that despite the unprecedented de- pression in the basic industries, Eng- land is meeting the cbarges of the world's heaviest debt, standing & rev- enue drain of $4,000,000,000, maintain- ing the world’s finest social services, sustaining more than 2,500,000 unem- ployed, and yet still remains a creditor nation. ‘They say that national reconstruc- tion based upon new principles un- backed by experience is unwise, and that what the country needs most is A strong national government which will restore confidence, protect the nome market, curb public expenditure, cut emergency relief away from permanent relief and stop penalizing industrial efficency by legislation which robs the efficient of the results of enterprise, Hit Partisanship. More and more industrial leaders and big bankers are stressing the fact that industrial success is essential to Brit- ain’s life and demanding that political leaders sink party interests, forget per- sonal animosities and unite in the for- mation of & national government which will be able to effect a comprehensive industrial reconstruction. Reconstruction of a sort is under way in some branches of industry, but the consensus of oninlon is that it is much too slow and y. Politics, pogt‘khnl and Parliament are principally blamed, on the one hand. for hampering interference of & political character, and, on the other hand, for making lavish promises to secure votes regardless of the nation's ability to fulfill them. Whatever course she takes, England appears to be in for a rough and diffi- cult passags before she reaches smoother waters. She is staggering under the accumulated weight of her imperial conquests and acquisitions. She is over- industrialized and she is overpopulated. She has piled up the world's biggest national debt, and her people are the most heavily taxed on earth. She is losing her export trade and is still far from reducing her production costs. Her enormous urban population needs cheap food. and as tariffs would raise internal prices at a time when wages are being cut, the forces opposing a protected domestic market so far have | prevented the enactment of a tariff measure even for revenue purposes. Leadership Is Needed. No great political leader has yet ap- peared to capture and unify the dis- contented elements inside the political parties and in the country—the floating vote in the country probably totals half the electorate. In these circumstances it is going to take more than a paper plan to see England through. It is worth noting here that some thinkers hold that all national plans are a waste of time, no remedy and beside the point. The world has become an econcmic unit, and there is no room in it for so many competing national groups. And they insist that our eco- nomic problems never will be solved successfully until men make up their minds to organize in a political unit as big as the economic unit—in other words. to have a world government con- "101.}1'“‘ the larger interests of mn- kin The authors of England's flve—ynr Plan are fully informed upon these lews about the futility of national stems and the inevitability of a world order, but as mankind is not likely soon to give up its cherished flags and na- tional anthems and merge its history and iis interests, they have very prop- erly taken no cognizance of this; al- though it may be argued that the im- plications of their scheme lead toward rather than away from this biggest merger of all, which undoubtedly one of these days, whether by force or sua- slon, will come about. S mage BAKER LIKE MORGAN IN EVADING SCRIBES Reporters’ Troubles Recall How ‘‘Cub” Made Page One on Inter- view With Banker. NEW YORK (N.A.N.A).—The diffi- culties incurred by reporters trying to interview George F. Baker, jr., bring to mind the first a ment given to Robert J. Kennedy, advertising man- ager of the Biltmore chain of hotels. A city editor on the old New York Herald, mesting the new ‘“cub” who had been hired by James Gordon Ben- nett. told him to interview the elder J. Plerpont Mory ‘who was sailing for Europe that da Kennedy went haopily to the pier, not knowing that Morgan never gave out an interview. He found the banker cing an upper deck, and approached im with & “Good morning, Mr. “Who are you?” demanded Mornn “Mr. Kennedy of the Herald,” said the reporter. “By the way, are you going to Europe?” “Where would you think I was going? To Chicago? “No, and would you mind telling me if your trip is concerned with financial matters?" imagine n;n?x was going j Morgan.” “Would you over for lonle London Kennedy was somewhat sbashed, -nd returned mourn “Get the interview?” inquired l.he city editor. “No. sir,” eald Bob. “Talk to him?” “Yes, and he was I asked him at?” very abrupt when why he was going to editor nearly fell from his chair. * son,” he said, “I take it all back. Sit down and write exactly what happened.” The cub reporter “made” the front page of the Herald vlt.h & column story on_ his first ascignmen Copsrisnt, 1931, 5y Notth American News- er Alliance, Inc.) Sl Total contributions. of workers in England to the government health in- surance fund last yeer were $64,000,000, while the benefits paid by t.h. fund was $162,750,000, MAY 31, LEST WE FORGET BY BRUCE BARTON. ACH Autumn for a num- ber of years I have said E to myself: “This sea- son I have at last made some definite progress at golf. Next Spring I shall play much bet- ter.” But when the next Spring arrived, and I shook my clubs out of the moth balls, I would be much discouraged. All my progress disappeared. I was right back where I started- from. Last Thanksglving day I conceived a brilliant notion. I seized my trusty typewriter and wrote a long memoran- dum to myself, setting down all that I had learned, by pa- tient practice, through the Summer—how to gri the club, how to take it back, how to approach and how to putt. “There,” I cried triumphant- ly, “when the warm weather comes ggain, and the robins return, and the grass is green, I shall not suffer my custom- ary relapse. I shall remember what I learned this season and start forward from there.” As to whether the plan worked or not, I refuse to an- swer; but it contains an idea that might be constructive as applied to business depression. Why shouldn’t every busi- ness man who is 50 years of age or under sit down and make a memorandum of ex- actly what has happened in his own mental processes since June 1, 1929. Such a record, to the end of 1930, would read something like this: June 1, 1929. Business boom- ing. Everything I own go- ing up every day. If things keep on this way for a year I can retire. December 1, 1929. This is ter- rible. I am worth only half what I was. Everything looks hopeless. March 1, 1930 ‘Things are pickin wal“p nicely Depres- sion be over. June 1, 1930. J\ut when we were beglnnlng to see sun- light the storm broke again, worse than ever. December 15, 1930. Am afrald we are in for many years of trouble. Can see no hope ahead. ‘This memorandum should be carefully filed, to be pro- duced and studied when the next upset occurs. For the history of business cycles is absurdly common- place. They present no nov- elties. Always there is un- bridled optimism just before the crash. Then blank de- spair. Then a quick rebound of hope. Then discourage- ment, growing deeper, until, just before improvement starts, everybody is agreed that it will never come. A few wise old men like Geor F. Baker, having pass- ed ough many of these cnses take them very calmly. But most of us endure the same hopelessness each time. Just as we repeat our same old golf mistakes season after season. (Copyright. 1931.) Does College Pay? (Continued From Third Page.) made of, and the world of business by and by gives them just about the same relative chance and accepts them pretty much at their own price. However, the foregoing is only one of a number of remarkable studies that have been published recently on the relationship between scholarship and life. Here I wish to present the sec- ond investigation dealing with eighth- grade, gh school and college gradu- ation and worldly success. This in- volves a primary question of the first importance—namely, “Does education pay at all?” ‘The most notable study of this ques- tion has nc[i‘“y been made by Dean Everett W. Lbrd of Boston University. He studied the records of about 5,000 men, ranging in age from 19 to 72 years, living in all parts of the United States end Including bankers and bak- ers, clerks and clergymen, merchants and mechanics, actors and doctors, teachers and accountants. ‘The story is dramatically told in the chart prepared from that study. At the left of the chart are the incomes and at _the bottom the ages of these men. There is a steady climb in in- come from the eighth-grade mdu-m through the college graduates to the doctors of philosophy. Tte grade-school men reaches the high point of his earn- ings at 40 to 44 years of age. while tial high school and full high sci graduates reah tbeir peaks around 45 and carry on at about the same level to 55, then they sharply decline. But the income of the college graduate continues to rise (with a few slight temporary declines) until he is at least 64 _years old. Dean Lord in sending me his tables and figures has marked a few items that I think ought to come home to the young men of America. Some of these are as follows: It costs about $80 a year for the State and Na- tion to give a boy the first eight grades of schooling, but this expenditure, as nearly as can be estimated, adds about $1,000 a year to the boy's income for the next 41 years over the income carned by illiterates. It costs about $300 & year for four years to give a boy a high school education, but he earns about $500 & year more than the eighth-grade boy for the next 40 years. It costs a young man about $1,000 a year for four years to secure a college education, but the college graduate earns approximately $1,800 a yéar more than the high school graduate for the next 40 years. f course, the college graduate as & rule is an sbler man than either the high uhool or eighth-grade graduate— thing most business men overlook —yet recent surveys have shown that & large number of young men of high school ability out of school at end of the eighth grade lnd - grm many young men e! college abilif their schooling at the end e( hig] school. So it is e'vat that a great many young people have not yet fully realized the money value of education. One other point of great interest is that large numbers of eighth-grade and high school graduates have subsequently taken correspohdence courses or attend- ed so-called “business colleges.” All these show uniformly higher earnings than those who do not secure this ad- ditional training. Dean Lord also brings out the striking value of a genuine course in the newer schools of business administration which many colleges have instituted, beginning with the TOURS. ‘Wharton School of Finance of the Uni- ! versity of Pennsylvania i 1881 and the College of Commerce in thé University of California in 1898. | ‘The earnings of the graduates from these higher institutions who received | the degree of Bachelor of Business Ad- ministration and Bachelor of Commer- cial Science run far above those of the Bachelors of Arts and Bachelors of Science. Dean Lord shows that the lifetime earnings of a B. B. A. or | B. B. S. are now provably more than $100,000 greater than thoss of the aver- | age college graduate. However, as time | goes on and larger numbers of young men take these courses, <some of this difference will disappear. In fact, Dr. Paul S. Actilles, executive secretary of the Psychological Corpora- tion of America, has sent me proofs of & new study in this field entitied “Uni- | vessity Education for Business,” by Dr. James H. S. Bossard, professor of soci- ology, and Dr. J. Frederick Dewhurst, professor of industry at the Wharton School. The feature of interest is that the median earnings of 1,659 Wharton graduates in 1930 was $3,730. This in- cludes all ages and years of experi- ence. and is near treble the similar fig- ure for Dean Lord’s eighth-grade men, and one and a half times greater than this high school men. Furthermore, study discloses the fact that the median earnings of men who have been out of Whaiton 15 or 16 years is $7,800, while the median earn- ings of those graduating in 1211-13 is $12,000. Forty per cent of the men graduating in 1917-18 are already earn- ing over $9,000 and 22 per cent are earning over $12,000. May I ask where are the bright ambitious office boys who started business life in 1918 or even alx years earlier, compared to these men in point of income? Forty-one per oent of the 1928 graduates are already earn- ing more than $2,000 and 21 per cent more than $3,000. It would be interest- ing to learn what percentage of offio: boys who kept their eyes and ears open during the four years these boys were in college and two years thereafter are earning more than $3.000 a year. Coming now to the third series of investigations, again dealing with the question. of whether high-mark college men earn more than low-mark men and whether success in general college and campus activities outside the courses of study indicates future business success, two investigations have been made on the men in the Bell Telephone System—one by Dr. Walter S. Gifford, president of the American Telephone and ’l'ele‘nph Co., and the other by Donald Bridgman, of the personnel dcmrcmm of the Bell System. Presi- dent Gifford published his study in 1928, and the results have attracted wide attention. The Bell System is the greatest corporation in the world, and if it finds it worth while to pay higher ‘salaries to brilliant college students, it certainly shatters the stubborn myth that the college prodigy peters out in business life and at the age of 30 or 60 is discovered as a minor college in- L NOURRED e s All Expense Tours to England Holland, Germany, Switzerland and France—One Month, $395.00 Commonwealth Tours, Boston, Mass. Phone Our Local Agent National 79! £ MaidenVoyage the World eetrie Limer, Presnlent Hoover Sailing from New York to Ha- 'anama, California and China, vana, via Honolulu to J; AUGUST Manila. Celebrations and fetes in every port of call! See your local ticket agent,or... DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES 1005 Connecticut, N.'asnh., D.C. Metropelitan 1931—PART i o BERMUDA | TWO. rship men in the Bell System by divie k“m into four nme:..u dumum { o graduating in the first tenth of m— ‘Those graduating in the first third hu'. not the first tent ‘Those grndunlnl in the middle thlld of their class. 4, Those graduating in the lower third of their class. How have these men fared as to sal- aries in the Bell System? The results are all in favor of the brilliant college success in business. After f employment the upper tenth scholars began to earn more than | the other collz[e men. As President Gifford says: “These men continusd to increase their advantage until they were 25 years out of college. Then they began to go ahcad still more npldly ... THS p a5 & whole a substantially her earnings unn Im rest of the 3. men.” ‘Taking next the 1,468 men who grad- uated in_the middle third of their classes, after 30 years out of college their median earnings were less than two-thirds as much as the median earnings of those in the first tenth of their classes. The earnings of the 784 men in the lowest third of their classes trend in the' opposite direction from those in the uj ten—that is, the longer the best students are in bu-lrml the more rapidly their earnings rise, while the longer the poorer students are in business the slower their earn- |0 ings rise. p‘gfi‘mu’}:ud by this r-euch and un man made a mrflur study’ n( vlfloul college achievements and their relation to subsequent success with th¢ Bell Telephone System. Bridgman's object was to see if other things besides & man's scholarship in college were re- lated to his future business success. For this purpose he classified the 3.806 men of Presid:nt Gifford’s study into three groups: 1. Those with “substantial ecampus achievements,” including editor in chief of a magazine, winner of an important oratorical contest or member of a de- bating tzam, manager of a major team or important student newspaper, major class offieer or member of an honorary senlor society or leader of a dramatic or musical club, 2., “Some campus achievement, in- cluding member editorial board of & magazine, manager of & minor team or magazine, minor class officer or mem- ber of social fraternity, member of minor athletic t¢am or of a major var- sity squad. 3. “No campus achievement” — just plain two-legged student. Taking the man with ‘“substantial college achievement,” it is clear that the men who went in for public speak- m. and debating_and the ones who | SOUTH & sEA FROM NEW YORK Newest, largest 2nd most mag- nificent steamers between the North and South. To MIAMI—every Saturday. To JACKSONVILLE — every :\xud.ny. Thursday and Satur- ay. To CHARLESTON, 8. C.—every Tuesday, Thursday and Satur- day. To GALVESTON, i Saturday. TEX.—every Take vour ear Low rates when accompanied ALL-EXPENSE TOURS Economical _all - expense tours from New York: 4 to 13 days, $40.50 up. 793 Mills Bids. Washington, D. C. o any Authori ® Tounst Agent Gibtaltar : Palermo : Naples Genoa : Riviera by the sumptuovs liners CONTE GRANDE CONTE BIANCAMANO June 12° June 27 July17° August 7 MINIMUM IA'!S 2 i ”’1': Closs de Luxe; One way lfl! . Round Toges &i alf porrs *Omins Palermo Two 16-Day Summer Cruises By the well known liner CONTE ROSSO July 9 and July 29 GENOA NAPLES SYRACUSE TRIPOLI PHALERON BAY RHODES CORFU_ ZARA FIUME BRIONI TRIESTE VENICE Minimum Rotes { ¢ LLOYD SABAUDO 295 Au. E.\pense | VACATIONS EFFECTIVE JUNE lss 6ravs$72., 9 pAvs $90., Correspondingly low sum- mer. 37.’1 /or‘ i’z. 13 and 16 Day Tours. Above rates include frat class 2ccommod. meals aboard Bermuda hotel. Not just an ocean voyage by itself, but a thrilling destina- tion, too, with hotel, meals and everything paid for, start to finich. . Bermuda! Anyone can afford it now, with the summer rates the low- est in years. And what a plaee—- «cool, mid-ocean garden spot, coral beaches, superb golf, and & dc- h;htfnl Colonial atmosphefe. And 4 days at sea in Transatlantic luxury. On the magnificent “Ber- Shoat. Or the rickly aspolnted 3 r the ic] . in "V:M-m:‘ dm;guuvu Holland- America liner. Deck activities, danc- ing and glorious nights at sea. M. S. BERMUDA 2730 'l'n- (Digplacement) ils_ever aturday .S, VEENDAM = “.r:;;’ mwl-e--fln FURNIKSS 34 Whitehall S¢. (swhere Broaduey begins) 865 Fifth Ave., Now York or any Authorised Agent et e sych’ as major class officer or member of an honorary senior society. Next to these come who made athletic achievements, and lastly, dramatic or musical clubs. Another thing that assumed to indicate ful been working one's way through col- lege. This has been lauded as giving & man grit, determination and the work habit that would carry him to future ractical success. In this study at east, this factor has no significance. The ‘men who earned their expenses had been equelly successful, baut no more successful than the man who went through on flowery beds of ease. In all these studies there are too many individual exceptions for any young man to conclude that we have unearthed a set of iron.clad rules or sure-fire prophecies of future fatlure or success. ough men who did poorly in college "have risen high in later suc- cess to prove that a young man who has not ranked high in college should not conclude from this alone that he has no chance. Often, by industry and courage and by finding his line of best development, he surpasses men whose uguz{e achievements were more spec- ar. always bem success has university give American youths a splendid chance to show the funda- ___STEAMSHIPS, PLAY WILL CELEBRATE SARAH SIDDONS DATH LONDON (NANA).—The centen- ary of SBarah Siddons, the great actress, who died on June 8, 1831, is to be celebrated at Hereford by the produc-~ of |tion of & chronicle piay dealing with varifous stages in her theatrical career and her marriage to William Siddona. Mrs. S Was a member Of the great ‘histrionic family of the Kembles and the name of her brother, John 1 Philip Kemble, is perpetuated at Here- ford by the Kemble Theater, where the play will be performed. It is hoped that the chief parts will be taken by descendants of the Siddons and Kem- bles, including Lady Keeble, better known as Lillah McCarthy. During the celebrations two speeches will be made by Dame Madge Kendal, and the mayor of Hereford has als> arranged for an exhibition at the old house, Hereford, of relics belonging to Mrs. Siddons and the Kembles. (Copyright. 1931. by North American News- paper Alliance, Inc.) mental stuff out of which they are made, and that every fleld of modern work and achievement is calling loudly for the finest and best educated human material. STEAMSHIPS. ;| HOLANDAMERICA Travel by a Famous Service to EUROPE Vis Plymouth, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Rotterdsm The best of all vacations . . . from Baltimore to Boston by sea...a superb ocean voyage of nearly 1400 MILES ROUND TRIP via large, new M. & M. steamers. REST AND RECREATION Think of the glorious hours on shipboard - - the breeze suept, sunny decks . BOUND FARES Greatly reduced Many prefer the £n trips heajth giving salt . Deck games, Lridge par- ties, teas, dancing, music. One way 822 round trip #40'including mealsbertle ALL- EXPENSE Tou to various el England, Canada, Nova Scotia. A wide of choice Some include N.Y. Reduced auto rates. et wecsbonttolies Apply M. & M. Travel Burean, 1338 H St., N: W., Washington. ng Madeira, Spain, Algeria, haly, Monaco, Hol- land, Denmark, Norw Sweden, Scotland, Belglum, France. MEDITERRANEAN AND NORWAY S.S. LANCASTRIA SAILING JUNE 30 The ideal, economi- cal way to Europe this summer . . one shi throughout, New Yor! to New York . . gener- ous. stays in every port.. free stopover.if desired . . World famed Cunard service and cuisine. Comprehensive program of shore excursions . . drives, admission fees, meals, guides, etc. at no extra cost. Call, write or phone today. . Your local Agent or FRANK TOURIST CO. E. I. OBER, Agent 1420 H St. N.W., Washington, D. C. CUNARD LINE 1504 K St. N.W., Washington, D. C. District 1856 TO EUROPE TOURIST 105 " Carefree and inexpensive, TOUR- 15T on United States Lines ships is like acollege campus at sea. New lnw one way fares on all ships. REPUBLIC $105, AMERICA $108, GEORGE WASHINGTON $110, LEVIATHAN, s-day speed to Europe, $122.50. Reduced Fares for round trip. Tourist Third Cabin provides fine accommodations, nightly dances torealcollegebands,decksports, in an atmosphere of youth and gaiety. On one sailing of the LEVIATHAN alone over 60 colleges were represented. 17-DAY TOURS *185 All Expenses LONDON ... PARIS Complete Tour ... 17 Days Sail on the Leviathan from New York on a Saturday. Spend four days in Paris with motor trips to Versailles and Malmaison. Under the direction of well known Tourist companies. Do it on your regular two week vacation. Healthful sea trip. Com- fortable accommodations Third Class. Dancing. All deck games. NOTX THESE LOW COST TOURS 43195 Sails July 4th days $185 “ Aug.lw ) Brucivm-France 28 days $240 * July 4tk ExcLan. --Blu:w!-?n!c! GEamany . 28 days $260 Sails July 4en Other toursto suit every requirementand date Specially Conducted Schoolboy's Tour of France, Experle enced American Supervisors, 25 days, All Expenses $225. Levistha® . . . Géorge Washington June 3 July June 3 July % « Jume 17 July & 1 3 Ameries . . . . . Jume $ July 8 ng . June 13 July $ Consult your local steamship ogent or (Pouda_fie | YNITED STATES LINES JOHN W. CHILDRESS, General Agent Wiconnntieut Ave., Washingto Phone, National 7668