Evening Star Newspaper, May 31, 1931, Page 20

B—4 RADIO IN BRITAIN | + 15 ONE-MAN SHOW Director General Sir John Reith Opens All Stations and Fixes Own Rules. * BY WILLIAM HARD. Sir_John Reith, director general of the British Broadcasting Corporation, brought some upsetting ideas to Wash- ington this week. Like Prime Minister MacDonald and many of the other foremost men of England, Sir John is a Scotchman. He was taken to see President Hoover by his fellow Scotchman, Sir Ronald Lind- say, the British Ambassador to the United States. The two of them to- gether have about 13 feet of altitude. Standing side by side and towering high above all adjacent humand land- scape features, they are a marvelous collection ‘Scots Wha Hae Wi' Wal- lace Bled.” ‘They repelled the poor English and now they very consider- ably govern them. Sir John governs them with a rod of iron. From observation of him in the exercise of his rulership in London, this writer is prepared to state to the world Sir John is the real monarch of the air in England. Receiving Sets Taxed. To begin with, he has a public gov- ernmental status. His corporation, the British Broadcasting Corporation, is & public governmental institution. It is especially created by Parliament. It lives principally on taxes. The rest of its income is derived from publications having to do with radio programs and with other radio developments. Taxes, however, are the base of its operating revenue. These taxes are levied upon every radio recelving set in Britain. Primarily with these taxes Sir John directs all the broadcasting stations, all the broadcasting performances and all the broadcasting singers and talkers of his whole country. He is additionally Jjust about everything that our radio commission here is. He licenses himself to open new stations. He keeps him- self on his own wave lengths. He de- cides whether or not he is “in the public interest” in the programs he produces. If he wants to give almost all of Sunday to religious exercises on the ether, that's “in the public interest.” If he wants to give 15 minutes to “readings from Victorian poetry,” that's in the public interest. If any part of the public complains, that's not “in the public interest,” and Sir John says so. Gave Americans Shock. A year ago last Winter, during the days of the London Naval Conference, Sir John gave a severe shock to the sensitive American journalistic nerves of this writer by announcing, in a speech and in an article, that it was a damnable heresy to follow the prin- ciple of “giving the public what it wants.” ‘The public, 8ir John maintained, was often wrong in what it wanted. It was often wrong in really knowing what it ultimately wanted. If it was made to listen to good things for a few months or for a few years or for a generation or two, it would like them. If it was given a lct of the low things that it it liked, it would similarly ; really like them and be per- manently debased and degraded. Sir Jchn would take no part in ruin- ing the morals or in wrecking the ethics of his fellow countrymen. He proposed to give them the g-od and the grand and the lofty and make them climb the stair to ultimate universal national geod judgment and good taste. There was certainly something mag- nifieent in the boldn2ss and thorcugh- ness with which Sir John announced that doctrine. He moreover not only announced it, but obviously tried to practice it. He suffered, and suffers, frcm just two disadvan:ages. In the first place, the governmental- ism of his broadcasting corporation ob- liges it to be amazingly cautious in the presentation of political speeches. Our private competitive broadcasting sta- tions and systems in the United States give tha public overwhelmingly more of competitive political discussion and de- bate than the British raaio-listening public ever has a chance to hear. It is @ strange paradox. Tne British pub- lic @orporaticn gives the public ever §0 much less, and the American private corporations give the public ever so much more, of radio equcation on pub- lic affairs. No Help From Private Firms. Sir J-hn's other disadvantage, as some of us Americans might look at it, is that he has no heip from big in- dustrial or commercial or financial pri- vate firms in the development of popu- lar radio features for advertising pur- poses. All of Sir John’s programs to be developed by one set of brains— the set of brains residing in the offices of the British Broadcasting Ccrpora- tion. Sir John recolls from advertise- ments on the pure vibrations of his ether. He thus deprives himself, admittedly, of much money. He aiso deprives him- self, it can be argued, of beneficial consequences owing from the struggles of advertisers to discover and present programs attractive to auditors. Sir John endures both these deprivations with composure. He even endures them sometimes with enthusiasm. He continues to hold, apparently, that the advertisers inflict more misery than they confer jov. Hs has been listening. while in this country, to some of our musical programs. He thrills to a lot of the music in them. He says that he is going to try to g:t some of his or- chestras over there to do as well at certain things as some of our orchestras do over here. He candidly admits our superiority in certain musical manifes- tations. Neverthcless, as soon as our advertisers begin etherally to explain the merits of their materialistic com- modities, Sir John begins to writhe; and, under some of their lectuses on gfllnls of physical misfortune, curable y their products, he rushes from the room. Sir John wants n8 private commerce and no private profit on the air. He makes two contentions. 1. All broadcasting should be done by a monopolistic public corporation. 2. This corporation should be organ- ized and set going by the government but thereafter should be eelf-governing an dwholly uninfluenced by governmen- tal political forocs. Success Considered Personal. He was repeatedly assured that this second contention is a perfectly Utopian and unfeasible one in American con- ditions. Efforts were made to impress and wholly uninfluenced by governmen- American Republican _administration would be dominantly Republican and under an American Democratic admin- istration would be dominantly Demo- cratic. Sir John remained unconvinced. He operates the British broadcasting corporation politically neutrally. This ‘writer is obliged to admit that he does. He thinks thereupon that what he does in Britain could equally be don= in the United States. Ae that point the argu- ment reaches an impasse, ‘Washington thanks him nevertheless for stimulating moments of diff<rences of views. Washington thinks that Sir John's .success in Britain is not so much his system as it is himself. It wishes him well in his British programs, in which the jazz is not so good and the symphonies could mostly be bettered and the controversial political addresses could be made more numerous, but in which the giving of school room in- struction by air is wonderful and the talks to adults on “Europe Though the Ages” and on “Dust in Interstellar Space” are marvelous and the taste level of all entertainment, light and heavy, is certainly high. Aucstyglian women are using American tollet preparations extensi | been elected by a ballot legally cast. THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, Braemar Forest Hotel Project | FINANCIER PLANS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT. Architect's tentative sketch of a pre Braemar Forest in conjuncticn with a large community development plan. oposed $2,565,000 hotel to be erected in ilECOi{D OF HUGHES INDICATES HE HAS LONG BEEN A LIBERAL Fight on Ouster of Five So- cialist Assemblymen in New York Cited. Chief Justice’s Dissent on Arms Pledge Requirement Wins Wide Praise. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. All over the country men and women | are singing the praises of Charles Evans | Hughes as a newly revealed liberal be- | cause of his dissent from the Supreme Court decision of May 25 declaring willingness to bear arms as a Tequisite for American citizenship. It seems to be forgotten that the Chief Justice of the United States as long ago as 1920 stirred the liberal enthusiams of the country by his vigorous opposition to the ousting of Socialist members of the New York State Astembly. For his activities on that ocacsion, Zechariah Chafee, jr., professor of lgw at Har-| vard and author of “Freedom 0(: Speech” and “The Inquiring Mind,” has | given Hughes the acollade of Amer- ica'’s “champion of Anglo-Saxon | liberties.” | Because of the apparent arrvial of | a new liberal bloc in the Supreme | Court—a _minority of four (Hughes, | Holmes, Brandeis and Stone), which | on occasion seems likely to emerge into a majority of the court, with ti in- clusion of Justice Roberts—it is timely | to recall the details of Hughes' famous | crusade for political freedom 11 years ago. Many of his supporters thought that it alone should have sufficed to| mow down opposition to his confirma- | tion as Chief Justice by the Senate in | February, 1930. Action on Socialists Begun. | The House of Representatives at| Washington was just about to vote the second exclusion ‘of its Socialist mem- ber, Victor Berger of Wisconsin, When the New York Legislature opened its 1920 session. Public opinion at the time was inflamed by the Federal Gov- ernment’s drive against 4,000 extreme | radicals suspected of seditious activities. Among the members of the Assembly, or | Lower House, at Albany were five So- cialists—Claessens, Solomon, Waldman, | De Witt and Orr. New York State| election laws recognized the legal ex- | istence of the Socialist party, and its| candidates’ names appeared on the ba lot alongside Democrats and Repub- | licans. On January 7, 1920, the five | Socialists took office at Albany without | interference. They swore to support the Constitution of the United States and that of New York, to discharge their duties to the best of their ability, and | that they had not influenced votes by bribe or promise. “No other oath,” the New York law sets forth, “declara- tion, or test shall be required as & | qualification for any office of public| trust.” After occupying their seats, taking part in the organization of the House | and voting for speaker, the sergeant- | at-arms was suddenly ordered to hale | Socialist members before the bar of the House. Thereupon Speaker Sweet informed them: “You are seeking seats in this body, you who have been elected | on a platform that is absolutely inimical | to the best interests’ of the State of New York and of the United States.” Thereupon the speaker declared that the Socialist party was not truly a political party, but a subversive and un- patriotic organization. He informed the five men that if the House should adopt a resolution declaring their places vacant they would be given an oppor- tunity to appear before a tribunal to establish their rights to remain in the Assembly. A resolution xnvlntl been adopted, the Soclalists were hustled out of the chamber. Their seats re- mained vacant for the remainder of the session, resulting. as Prof. Chafee points out, “in the disfranchisement of 60,000 voters of the City of New York.” Within_ 48 hours of the Soclalists’ ejection Hughes waded into the fray. Hughes was at the time president of Manhattan's rock-ribbed G. O. P. social-political organiaztion, the Union | League Club. Forthwith he addressed | a remonstrance to Speaker Sweet against the Albany explusion. Hughes contended that it was utterly opposed to the fundamental principles of our Government to deny representation to the minority through the men who had Hughes’ Letter Quoted. ‘These were the ificant passages of Hughes' letter to Speaker Sweet: “If there was anything against these men as individuals, if they were deemed to be guilty of crim- inal offenses, they should have been charged accordingly. But I under- stand that the action is not directed against these five elected members as individuals, but that the pro- ceeding is virtually an attempt to indict a political party and to deny it representation in the Legislature. This is not, in my judgment, American Government. “Are Socialists unconvicted of crime. to be denied the ballot? If Socialists are permitted to vote, are they not permitted to vote for their own candidates? If their candi- dates are elected and are men against whom, as individuals, charges of disqualifying offenses cannot be laid, are they not en- titled to ther seats? & & “I understand that it is said that the Socialists constitute a combina- tion to overthrow the Government. The answer is plain. If public offi. cers or private citizens have any evidence that any individuals, or group of individuals, are plotting revolution and seeking by violent measures to change our Govern- ment, let the evidence be laid be- fore the proper authorities and swift action be taken for the pro- . tection of the community. Let exlry resource of inquiry, of pur- sult, of prosecution be employed to ferret out and punish the guilty according tg our laws. “But I count it a most serious mistake to proceed, not against in- [} | nothing could do more to strengthen | By the Associated Press. CHIEF JUSTICE HUGHES. dividuals charged with violation of law, but against masses of our citizens combined for political action, by denying them the only resource of peaceful government; that is, action by the ballot box and through duly elected repre- sentatives in legislative bodles.” Headed Bar Committee. Hughes did not stack arms with his letter of protest to the speaker of the Assembly. The Bar Association of the City of New York adopted resolu- tions offered by him opposing any at- tempt. to exclude legislators because of their affiliation with any political party when they are seeking by constitutional and legal methods to bring about changes in the Constitution and the laws. The bar essociation appointed a committce of non-Sccialists, with Hughes as its chairman, to appear be- fore the Judiciary Committee of the Assembly at Albany “to safeguard the principles of representative govern- ment.” The Hughes Committee went to Albany, but was not allowed to par- ticipate in the Judiciary Committee's proceedings beyond filing a brief. In the course of his brief, Hughes, advocat- ing the right of free speech. declared that ““Hyde Park meetings and soap- box oratory ccnstitute the most efficient safety-valve against physical force by the discontented.” On April 1, 1920. the Assembly by an overwhelming vote expelled the five Socialist members, but not until after Hughes, in the words of Prof. Chafee, d instigated “action than which the confidence of workingmen in the public spirit of the American bar.” Decides for Railway Men. ‘Within three months of his accession to the chief justiceship of the United Btates, Hughes—exactly one year ago last week—rendered his maiden opinicn at the Supreme Court in a case in- volving the rights of workingmen. The decision, handed down on May 26, 1930, sustained the Rallroad Brotherhoods' contention that carrier companies have 0 right to interfere with workers’ or- ganizations. The opinion was written and read by Chief Justice Hughes. It involved, to a considerable extent, the self-same principle which led to the rejection of Judge Parker of North Carolina in connection with the now celebrated “Yellow Dog” miners’ con- tract. The Supreme Court, concurring without dissent in Chief Justice Hughes’ opinion, decided for the railway men and against the railway operators. ‘The effect of the verdict is that no “company union—ie., a union con- sisting exclusively of men employed on one single line—can be legally main- tained on any rallroad unless the ma- jority of the employes wish that kind of an organization. The railway broth- erhoods have been fighting *‘company unionism” for years. Some 50 lines throughout the country have “company unions,” the one within the Pennsyl- vania Raiiroad System being probably the outstanding example. The purpose of “company unions,” of course, is to enable the rail operators to bargain, on controversial occasions, with their own employes only, instead of having to deal ‘with them through the brotherhoods. (Copyright, 1931.) SPANISH ROYAL PAIR PLANNING ANNIVERSARY Quiet Program to Contrast Sharply With Costly Ceremony of 25 Years Ago. FONTAINEBLEAU, France, May 30. —Former King Alfonso XIII and for- mer Queen Victoria will celebrate their twenty-fifth wedding anniversary to- morrow in exile in & little French ho- tel here. ‘They were married May 31, 1906. The celebration tomorrow will be a quiet family affair, in contrast to the brilliance of the $10,000,000 wedding 35 years ago. They will dine at the hotel with no special preparations for the dinner and with only members of the former royal family present. PLAN COLORED LIBRARY Ground to Be Broken at Atlanta Soon for $300,000 Building. ATLANTA, Ga., May 30 (#)—Presi- dent John Hope of Atlanta University, colored institution here, announced to- day that ground will be broken next week for & $300,000 library intended to serve the university and the affiliated schools, Spelman and Morehousz Col- leges. The library was made possible by a grant from the General Education Board. Plans are under consideration for co-operative arrangements to give Morris Brown University, Clark Uni- versity and Gammon Theological Semi- nary access to the library. President Hope sald thought was being given to plans for extension library service among colored ple from the new institution. Nothing of the sort lr::- befir‘\ attempted before in the South, sal ey Nevada s the least populous of all States NSRS F AR PORTRAIT OF GRANT BY D. C. MAN FOUN Painting Forgotten 40 Years, Including 27 Generals, Bought at Auction. BY GRETCHEN SMITH. After 40 years in a Washington stor- age warehouse, a remarkable oil paint- ing, measuring 10 by 15 feet, of Gen. U. 8. Grant and 27 of his generals, has been brought to light and following renovation by s local artist, will be hung in the National Museum among the Civil War trophies of the Union Army leader. The painting is to be loaned to the museum by Mrs. Margaret Blue of .1210 Eighteenth street, who purchased it at auction when the storage company went out of business. Has Pass Lincoln Signed. A framed “key” aj red under the picture, beneath the glass of which are autographed testimonials from Gens. Grant, Meade and Custer, whose por- traits are among those in the painting. An autographed pass signed by Abra- ham Lincoln, permitting the artist, Hansen Balling, to pass behind the Union lines to Gen. Grant's headquar- ters, i8 also under the glass. In addi- tion, extracts from a letter written in Mexico City in 1885 by the artist, re- lating interesting anecdotes connected with the sketching of his figures in the painting, furnish new glimpses into the lives of many of the leaders who figured so prominently in the Northern Army during the last troubled days of the Civil War. In fact, the extracts from Mr. Ball- ing's letter. rank almost equally in in- terest with the portrait, though of small' value compared with the paint- ing. Horses From Life. Critics declare that Mr. Bolling achieved a success with his work rarely found in other paintings of similar subjects. The difficulties of ooilect- ing a great number of life-size por. traits upon one canvas have been en- countered without success by historical painters for centurles. The figures in the rediscovered pic- ture are all on horseback. In his letter, extracts of which were | found with the portrait, Mr. Balling said, “the following horses are from studies after nature; Grant's, Meade's, Terry's, Schofleld’s, Sheridan’s, Kil- patrick’s. The rest I had put in dif- ferent colors, in order to preserve the artistic effect.” Grant Is Central Figure. In the painting Gen. Grant. the central figure, is depicted riding rapid- Iv, attended by the famous characters of the Union Army. The general is seen doffing his hat, as though he were passing & throng, and he seems to be slightly reining in his horse as his generals ride up on all sides. Each general is shown with the personal peculiarities, such as manner of wear- ing his hat, gloves, or other matters of dress, which were familiar to his rades. 0 Gen. Grant was painted on his bright bay mount, Egypt. on which he was daily seen at Vicksburg. Gen. Phil Sheridan is mounted on the famous black steed which carried him on his “immortal ride.” The artist also has portrayed with great fidelity the uni- forms of that day. Painting’s History Unknown. Little is known about the history of the painting after it left the hands of | the artist. A document included with the extracts from Mr. Balling's letter relates that the artist was commis- sioned by a patriotic New York mer- chant to make the picture. The mer- chant appeared to be determined at all costs to have a painting which would preserve for posterity the images of the Northern generals. Balling, then the foremost portrait painter of his day, was given the order to gather his ma- terials. Neither the document with the painting nor Balling's letter reveal the name of the patron of this work of art. The artist says in his letter: “The projector of the painting of Grant and his generals was to sustain me with all necessary moneys and pay me $8,000 when the painting was done, besides a handsome gratuity if he sold the pic- ture.” Work Took Two Years. Mr. Balling's letter discloses the fact that it took him two years to com- plete the painting. Apparently, it was delivered to the merchant who ordered it, but in 1885 the letter written by the | artist was addressed to the “present owner of the picture” so it is not known whether the original patron kept the picture for any length of time or not. The documenut with the painting shows, however, that at some time be- fore the painting was stored in the | Washington warehouse it was hung in the “Museum of the Ordnance Depart- ment” in Washington, which War De- partment records show went out of ex- istence in 1883. Mrs. Blue had no competitors at the time of the auction, and at the present time is endeavoring to trace the history of the painting after it was finished in 1868 by Balling. Artist Left Record. In the artist’s letter he refers to the private mounts used during the war. He wrote: “Gen. Grant directed an orderly to bring up his horses. ‘That little black pony.’ sald the general, ‘is my pet and we call him Jeff Davis, as he was brought to me from his estate n Mississippl. when we fought around Vicksburg—that one is Cincinnati, a very fine trotter. and that one. Egypt, a good saddle horse. Now which do you want?® “‘For my purpose’ the letter con- tinued, ‘T should like Egypt.’ " The artist adds further in his letter, “I stayed for five weeks at Grant's headquarters, and it is impossible for me to describe the interest with which I observed all. I made several sketches of the general, with and without his hat.. To busy myself, I sketched like- nesses of all the officers and their horses, and I was very anxious to gratify their hope of seeing themselves in the painting with their beloved great general.” Traveled With Army. Balling's letter reveals that he trav- eled for several weeks _throughout Grant’s army, sketching the different generals painted later in his portrait. Referring to Gen. Grant, he writes: ‘He said, ‘You will first go to Gen. Hancock’s headquarters. He is my handsomest general. and give my re- spect to all.” I was furnished an order- ly and it took me but a few days to sketch Gen. Hancock and a few other corps commanders.” Toward the end of the letter refer- ence is made to the news of President Lincoln's assassination, which reached the artist while he was visiting Gen. Sheridan, one of the last of the gen- erals sketched. FARMER AND SON SLAIN Dispute With Neighbor Is Blamed for Double Killing. ‘WINCHESTER, Kans, May 30 (#).— Charles Richardson, a farmer, and his son, Charles Richardson, jr., were shot to death today and William Hunsucker, 63-year-old truck farmer, was sought as the slayer. Marvin Mallory, a young farm hand employed by Richardson, said the double killing resulted after the Rich- ardsons quarreled wit Hunsucker sbout leaving farm gates open, D. C, MAY 31, 1931—PART ONB. Schools and Colleges News of Interesting Student and Faculty Activities in Washington’s Leading Educdfional Institutions. G. U. to Confer Deerees. T its 132d annual commencement on June 8, Georgetown University will confer honorary degrees of doctor of laws upon Dr. William 8. Cul- bertson, United States Ambassador to Chile; Prof. Willlam J. Hughes of the Georgetown law faculty, and Felix Neu- mann, assistant librarian of the Army Medical Library. Announcement of the commencement program, which will cover three days beginning Sat- urday, was made last night by Dr. ‘W. Coleman Nev- ils, S. J., president, following ~ his _re- turn from New York, where he at- tended the sessions of the National Foreign Trade Council, with other the fac- Dr. Culbertson, . and Prof. Hughes have been identified with Georgetown University for a long period. The for~ mer was one of the founders of the School of Foreign Service, taught there from 1919 to 1925, and still retains a position on the executive faculty. He was vice chairman of the United States Tariff Commission when appointed Minister to Rumania in 1925, and after several years there was elevated to the Ambassadorship to Chile. Dr. Culbertson is a graduate of the College of Emporia, Kans., and Yale. He pursued advanced studies at the Uni- versities of Liepzig and Berlin and is an active member of several college fra- ternities, being a former national presi- dent of Delta Phi Epsilon. Few members of the Georgetown law faculty have served longer or with more distinction that Prof. Hughes, who joined the faculty in 1914. He is now professor of federal practice and pro- cedure, a subject in which he has spe- cialized for the last 40 years in t) partment of Justice. For his work in this connection he has won praise from leading members of the bar, including former Solicitor General James M. Beck | and John W. Davis and_former Attor- ney Qeneral George W. Wickersham. Prof. Hughes also is editor of an en- cyclopedia on Federal practice and pro- cedure, and when the United States Supreme Court some years ago revised the code of equity, he served as secre- tary of the committee. The third man to receive an honor- ary degree, Mr. Neumann, with the Army Medical Library since 1908. Before then he was with the Library of Congress. He is prominently known in medical circles. With the Saturday program devoted | mainly to class reunions and exercises, John C. Hayes, college senior and honor man, will deliver the traditional Co- honguroton oration at the Hilltop. There will be & Mask and Bauble Club entertainment and other features. The same night at the Law School. Dean George E. Hamilton will preside at class exercises. The class gift, portrait_of Prof. Charles A. Kelgwin, will be presented by Richard R. Trex- | ler, president of the afternoon section. John Joseph O'Connor of the District i of Columbia will deliver the valedictory. G. W. U. Commencement June 10. HE 110th annual commencement of George Washington University | will take place on Wednesday eve- ning, June 10, at 8 o'clock in Constitu- tion Hall. Dr. Wil- liam John Cooper, United States Com- missioner of Edu- cation, will deliver the commencement address. Members of the Board of Trustees, the faculty and graduating classes, will assemble in academic dress at the hall before 7:30 o'clock. The aci demic procession will enter the hall at 8 o'clock. A program Dr. Cooper. organ _music sity. will precede the exercises. llowing the commencement ad- dress, the provost of the universit Dr. William Allen Wilbur, will intr duce the deans of the various schools, who will recommend to the president their candidates for degrees. As the name of each school is called the grad- uates will rise and proceed across the platform to be presented with their diplomas. The exercises will close with the president’s charge to the graduates. The commencement ceremonies will culminate a week of senior festivities which will open Saturday, June 6, with & reception and dance in honor of the graduates given at the Willard Hotel under the joint auspices of the Gen- eral Alumni Association, the Colum- blan-George Washington Law School Association, and the George Washing- ton University Medical Soclety. baccalaureate services will be held at the New York Avenue Presby terian Church, at 3 p.m. Sunday. D! Albert Charles Dieffenbach of Cam- bridge, Mass., will preach the sermon. Dr. Cloyd Heck Marvin, president of the university, and Mrs. Marvin will entertain in honor of the members of the graduating classes and their parents on Monday afternoon, June 8. at the Washington Club, from 4 until 7 o'clock. Class night exercises will be held Tuesday, June 9, at 8 p.m., in Corcoran Hall of the university. The graduates will assemble in cap and gown at 7:30 o'clock in the gymnasium, and will pro- ceed in academic procession across the quadrangle. ‘The program for class night will in- clude the valedictory and salutatory ad- dresses, the class history, the award- ing of prizes and a program by the Men’s Glee Club. Dancing will follow the exercises. Arrangements for class night are in the hands of a student committee headed by Harryman Dorsey, with Richard Mattingly as program chair- man, Richard Radue in charge of deco- rations, and Stanley Fraser as chair- man of refreshments. A. U. Baccalaureate Today. ITH the baccalaureate sermon at American University this after- noon by Chancellor Lucius C. Clark, and commencement scheduled for Monday morning, plans still are go- ing forward for opening of the new Summer session at the Graduate School and the School of the Political Sciences, 1901-1907 F street, on June 15. Dr. Clark will take for his subject at the convocation services at 4 o'clock this afternoon, “Youth and Religion.” There will be,an academic procession previous to the service. Following the baccalaureate services in the gymnasium, the senior class will plant ivy on the campus and will pr sent their class gift, a flagstone walk across the quadrangle, between Hurst Hall and the Battelle Memorial. Commencement will take place at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning, with Dr. William John Cooper, United States Commissioner of Education, the speaker. The -academic procession will form in Hurst Hall at 9:30 o'clock. The Board of Trustees of American University held its semi-annual meet- ing Friday morning, and will continue with an adjourn meeting tomorrow morning just prior to commencement. The board entertained at luncheon the Woman's Guild of the university, which also held its meeting FPriday morning. . The alumni digner was held Mesd has been | night in the college dining hall, with Arthur 8. Fleming, president of the Alumni Association, toastmaster. The speakers included Chancellor Clark, Dr. George B. Woods, dean of the Col- lege of Liberal Arts; Dr. Walter M. W. Splawn, dean of the Graduate School and of the School of Political Sciences; na Biake 3. Eepey. ne . Y, college graduating Following the alumni dinner last night there was an informal party in the gynasium, in charge of a commit- tee headed by James Johnson. The graduate school dinner was held at the Cosmos Club Friday night, with Dr. H. G. Moulton delivering the ad- dress of the evening. Other speakers included Dr. Splawn and Dr. Clark. Bishop William Fraser McDowell offered the invocation and Bishop John W. Hamilton pronounced the benediction. An athletic carnival on the campus Friday afternoon was in charge of Miss Dorothy Wulf, director of women'’s ath- letics, and Coach Walter H. Young, di- rector of men's athletics, assisted by & student committee headed by Dan Ter- rell and Mary Putnam. ‘The opening function of commence- ment week was the reception given ‘Thursday night by Chancellor and Mrs. Clark, at the chancellor'’s home on the campus, to all graduates of the three schools. In addition to the graduates, guests included Dean Splawn, Dean Woods and Mrs. Woods, and Miss Mary Louise Brown, dean of women. Music at the reception was by Dr. Austin Abernathy, baritone, and Hadley Aber- nathy, pianist, of Evanston, Il The all~college entertainment of music and dramatics was held Friday night at the gymnasium. Musical fea- tures of the m were offered by the college orchestra, directed by Dr. C. H. Leineweber; the Men's Glee Club, directed by Harlan Randall; the men's quartet, consisting of Leon K. Bryner, Barrett Fuches, Robert Fuchs and Richard Turve; the Women's Glee Club, under direction of Dr. Walter F. Shenton; the women's quartet, consist- ing of Doris Willls, Dorothy Seaton, | Mary Cline and Helen Tucker, and solos |by Dr. Austin Abernathy and Hadley Abernathy. Readings by students of Mrs. Hilda Minder Prench’s class in literary interpretation were givens by John M. Houston, Ruth Belden and Cal- | vin Brown. A one-act play, written by John M. Houston of the graduating class, “A Sunset by Salansky,” was pre- sented by the college dramatic club, di- rected by Will Hutchins, professor of art. The program concluded by sing- ing of “Days That We Treasure,” an original college song composed by Clair Altland of the graduating class. Dr. Pergler Returns to N. U. R. CHARLES PERGLER, former Ambassador to Japan from Czechoslovakia and first repre- sentative of that country to the United States, will return to the faculty of | National University School of Law in time for the opening, June 15, of the Summer sessions. Dr. Pergler, who, at the time of his departure from Washington 18 months ago, was dean of | National's School of Economics and | Government, will | teach constitution- | al law on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and he will instruct in the League of Nations and the World ‘Court_on Tuesdays and Thursdays during the 11-week Summer term. He is expected to continue his teach- |ing at National | through the regu- lar Fall, Winter |and Spring terms of the 1931-32 academic year. He holds the degrees of bachelor cf Jaws, master of laws, doctor of laws and doctor of | civil Jaws. He has been a resident of | the District of Columbia since 1924. | Final examinations for the Spring | term were concluded at National yes- | terday and the faculty and officers of the university now are compiling | grades. The first les to be com- uted are those the senior class. owever, all grades will be settled by | June 6. it was announced last night. Meanwhile, plans for the annual June ccmmencement are being completed so that one of the largest classes to re- ceive degrees will be graduated June 13 in the exercises at Memorial Conti- nental Hall. Emerson Stringham, & practicing at- torney and a graduate student of Na- tional University's Law School, will make public defense of his thesis on petent law, upon which he expects to receive the degree of doctor of laws, at 7:30 pm., June 5. In his defense. Mr. Stringham will be officially judged by a board of scholars including Thomas E. Robertson, commissioner of patents; Dr. Constantine D. Kojouharoff, re- search professor in National's School of Economics and Government, and & third member. Ju Charles H. Robb, associate of the D. C. Court of Appeals, has been invited to complete the board. The defense will be witnessed by promi- nent members of the D. C. bar, and the public is invited to attend. Mr. String- ham took the bachelor of arts degree, with distinction. from George Wash- ington_University. Dr. Lewis Rockow, professor of Eng- lish government and litics at Na- | tional, left the Capi ‘Thursday for | Harvard Universi here he will do research work d the Summer. Two Business High School graduates will receive two-year pre-legal course scholarships to National this Spring. These scholarships were established by the late Dr. Charles F. Carusi, chan- cellor of National and president of the District of Columbia Board of Education, for scholastically outstanding graduates of the Business High School, and the two winners may begin their studles at National during the SBummer sessions or with the opening of the Fall term, September 28. Registration already has begun for the Summer term in both the Law School and the School of Economics and Government. The term runs for 11 weeks and full credits for degrees are allowed for work pursued to suc- cessful completion during this period. Summer Class Opens Tomorrow. TH'E Summer Law, School of South- eastern University will open to- MOTTOW M according to_an announcement by director of education of the Y. M. C. A. Classes will be held daily, except Sat- urday and_Sunday, from 7 to 8:40 o'clock. The course will continue through July 24. Subjects will include bailments :ul alrrkrlic legal bibliog- raphy, trusts and practice. ‘?‘i"l’e list of graduates of the univer- sity and affilisted schools was posted last Friday and senior grades and names of honor students will be an- nounced next Thursday at the annual alumnl dinner and dance in the Bur- lington Hotel, 7:30 o'clock. Newly elected officers of “the Alumni Association will be installed at the din- ner. The officers are Simon S. Lasica, president; Donald Hyland, first vice president; Nettie M. Telson, second vice president; Eleanor E. Capers, sec- retary, and Paul V. Trent, treasurer. Scholarship keys for the class of 1931 will be awarded in the law and ac- wl;.?‘t:ney classes. baccalaureate services will be held next Sunday morning at 11 o'clock in the Church of the Covenant. Rev. Dr. Albert J. McCartney, pastor, will preach the sermon. Caps and gowns will be distributed at the Central Y. M. C. A. building next Saturday. trustees, president of the cl Dr. Pergler. . James A. Bell, | Represe: day morning at 10:30 o'clock in their caps and gowns and will be photo- graphed after the services. Commencement exercises will be held in Memorial Continental Hall. dn-.m J. Whiteford will deliver the ad- Dr. Sizoo to Preach Sermon. ’I'fl! baccalaureate sermon for the g:duun: class of Washington llege of Law will be delivered by the Rev. Dr. Jo h R. 8i200 next Sun- day evening at 8 o'clock at the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church. The faculty, headed by Dean Grace Hays Riley and Dr. Edwin C. Dutton, president of the board of trustees, to- gether with the candidates for degreas lncld the general student body will at- tend. ‘The freshman class elected Cecil A. Jones president, Thursday. Other of- ficers chosen included Walter L. M haffey, first vice president; Lee R. Schermerhorn, second vice president; Miss Midred Nisewander, secretary; Edgar 8. Idol, treasurer and John R. Nunn, sergeant at arms. Final examinations for the year con- tinue through the coming week. The schedule in both day and evening di- visions includes torts, common law pleading, equity, interstate commere law, real property, testamentary law, domestic relations, bankruptcy and suretyship. To celebrate the end of the school year the class of 1938 is giving a “fresh- man frolic” in honor of the class of 1932 to be held at the college next Satur- day evening. The program will includs dancing and refreshments. The faculty and student body is invited to attend. The Committte on Arrangements is composed of Miss Mary V. Marraffa, Joseph A. Cushman and Howard I. Wittenmeyer. Howard Commencement Friday. 'OMMENCEMENT exercises at How- ard University will be held at 3:30 .m.. Friday, with Rev. Dr. Anson Phelps Stokes, canon of the National Cathedral, as speaker. At 11 o'clock on commencement day there will be corner stone laying of the new dormitories for women. Secretary Wilbur Will Speak. Dr. Mordecai W. Johnson, president, will deliver the baccalaureate sermon at 11 am. today. Both the commence- ment exercises and the baccalaureate services will be held in the amphi- theater on the university campus. Students of the School of .Music will give a recital at 8 pm. Monday, in Andrew Rankin Chapel, and on Tues- day at 8:15 pm, the senlor class will hold exercises in chapel. Dr. and Mrs. Johnson will be at home to members of the senior classes, alumni and friends, from 4 to 6 p.m. on Thurs- | day, and Dean Lucy D. Slowe will be at home to women of the senior class from 5 to 7 p.m. Wednesday, at her home. On Thursday alumni meetings will be held, beginning with the meeting of the alumni of School of Religion at 11 o'clock, in the Theological Building. Alumni of the Law School will meet at 6 pm, in the moot court room of the Law S8chool. ‘The General Alumni Association will hold its annual meeting at 8 o'clock on Thursday. The annual exhibition of student work of the art department will formally open in the art gallery at 8 o'clock Thursday. Class reunions will take place at 10 o'clock, commencement day, in the Andrew Rankin Chapel, and at the same time there will be a meeting of the Executive Committee of the General Alumni Association in Library Hall. Annual R. O. T. C. review was held last Friday from 1:30 to 3:30 pm. At 8 o'clock Friday night. graduating exercises were heild in Andrew Ran- kin Chapel for the Freedmen's Hospital Nurse Trainig School. Three one-act plays were presented by the Howard Players, at 8 o'clock, in | the Medical Schooi Auditorium Satur- The plays were “Playgoers,” by Sir Arthur ero: “The Man Who Died at Twelve O'Clock,” by Paul Green, and “The Giants' Stair,” by Wilbur Steele. Carnegie Honors Instructor. 'AMES RIEHL ARNOLD, instructor of English at the Washington Prepara- tory School, has been notified by Carnegie Institute of Technology that he will be awarded the degree of civil engineer on June 8 at the commence- ment exercises in Pittsburgh, in recogni- tion of engineering achievements since his graduation in 1918 as bachelor of science. Mr. Arnold is a member of an Enllnfeflngt'eflrm, a captain in the Engineer rve Corps, U. S. A, and member of the Board of Trade. Miss Rosemary Arnold and Mangum Weeks will give special lectures at the ‘Washington Preparatory School tomor- Tow evening. Miss Arnold will speak on Shakespeare's “Merchant of Venice” and Mr. Weeks will discuss “The Writ- ings of O. Henry.” Three lectures were given at school last week. Lieut. Col. C. L. the G. Anderson gave an illustrated talk on | “The Indians of America at the Time of Columbus.” William H. Prazier gave an illustrated lecture on “Industrial Chemistry” and Robert 8. Holmes spoke on “Practical Mathematics. S S South Africa will extend its irriga- tion system. 3 MONTHS, $15.00 ur Economical Summer Courses for ginners. Intermediate and Advanced Students Open June Professors from ' Spain New Conversational Method. Profs. from rapid_progress. FRENCH LANGUAGE o Paris: ‘conversational method; 908_14th Met. 1832, nw.. EXHIBITION THE ABBOTT SCHOOL of FINE and COMMERCIAL ART Summer Session Register No 1624 H St. N.W. P Results Study at The Master School of For Berinners Interior Decoration Specializing In Interior Decoration and offering an Accredited, Practical and Professional Training Course. Ex- pert Teachers. Individual Instruction. Rudolphe de Zaj r Arts & Decoration. New Yo }06 Conn. Ave. North 5236 National University Law School Summer Term Begins June 15, 1931, at 6:30 p.m. Standard three-year course lead- ing to degrees of LLB, B. C. L. Register Now leading to de- grees of LLM, M. P. L, 8. J. D. and D. C. L. All classes held at hours eon- venient for employed students. School of Economics and Government Degree courses df colls te grade offered in Political lccl';n.e‘:..eovom~ ment, Economics, Psychology, His- tory, Finance, Business and Lan- guages. Adfiress Secretary National 8037 818 154h 8t. NW. IARGENTINE ENVOY'S CRITICISM STUDIED U. S. Not Expected to Ask Explanation of Tariff ‘Remarks, By the Associated Press. Ambassador Manuel C. Malbran of Argentina returned to Washington yes-_ wrdnyflu; fl'}'fi wnmaenh ble discussion arcused by speech on Argentine- :Jr;,lgdbe rsv.-u;h mdN 5 rellamm and the a1 ore the National Fore! Council in New York. e The diplomat, whose address has been interpreted in some quarters as & criticism of the United State protec: tive tariff, particularly as lxufl.u. Argentine products, and a warning that Argentina on her part might be compelled to follow suit with high tariffs, did not enlarge upon his formal address. U. S. Comment Withheld. Although State Department officials doubtless will study the Argentine Am- bassador's remarks carefully as coming from an accredited representative before this Government and bearing upon an important phase of relations between the two countries, they had given no indication they anticipated finding Malbran's discussicn objectionable or likely to call for a diplomatic explana- tion. It was his third formal speech touching upon commercial relations be- tween the two countries, and onpe in which he called attention to the con- trasting protective tariff policy of the United States and Argentina's encour- agement of foreign trade for her live stock and agricultural products. He pointed out that the effect of the tariff in some cases had been prohib- itive for some Argentine products, asked - if the United States tari? had been ef- fective in attaining the desired ends of stimulating home prodiction and called attention to suggestions heard in his country that Argentina in turn raise her duties. Registered Protest. Some Argentine organizations were among those from various countries to register protests ‘during discussions in Congress of the Hawley-Smoot tariff now in effect, and Argentina < asked for a study under the flexible provision of rates on certain of her export products, such as cafine. In his speech Malbran said his countrv had not been as fortunate as some in receiving prompt action cn its requests. ‘The suggestion made by some unof- ficial observers of the possibility of the Ambassador being asked for further particulars on some of the points he touched on appeared remote today, par- ticularly in view of his insistence in the address that he was not attacking or protecting high or low tariff policies 2nd his statement that he considered a country’s tariff policy a matter of in- ternal legislation. From the time of his arrival in Wash- ington last November, the Argentine diplomat has stressed his intention of working for increasingly harmonious commercial and other relations between his country and the United States. TRADE AID IS PLANNED BY RAIL BROTHERHOOD Houston Convention Asks of Own Officers With Publie and U. 8. Authorities. By the Associated Prass. HOUSTON, T:x. May 30.—The Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen, in national convention here, today adopted a resolution calling on its officers to seek & conference with Government offi- cials, business l-aders and the public in an effort to bring about an improve- ment in the economic situation. The convention also voted to ob- serve the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the brotherhood in Septem. ber, 1933, at Oneonta, N. Y., the organ- ization’s birthplace. President A. F. Whitney said only two of the original members were aliv LEARN ANOTHER GE te LANGUA Parley by our easy convel us for 34 vears. instruction.” Moderate rates. Present This Advertisement for Free ol Letson Berlitz S. ges 1 Large_ Em) Now Formi chool of Lang Cunettiout avinst Telephone: Decatur 3932 Business University Accredited Secretarial and Acsiediied, Secreteiel, ond Grege Shorthand. Diploma ploy llle':fl G ‘NQ' lasses e 1333 F ST.___(Opp. Fox'. __Nat. 2043 _ Commercial Art School Summer School—Children’s Class Tune in on “WMAL,” Thursday, 9 A.M. 1333 F ST. N.W. % m’sz’njlnon"m’rizlgffi Beginners. intermediate, advanced and conversational classes (under auspices of Washinglon Salon since 1916). evéry evening at 7:15 o'clock at_the FRENCH LANGUAG! SCHOOL OF WASHINGTON, 1208 18th st. n.w. North 5236. By Request Summer Classes Starting NOW Marian Chace and Lester Shafer Denishawn Studio 1719 K St. N.W. Telephones—Nat. 7041—' 960000000000 00000000000 Color, Interior Decoration, Costume Design, Commercial Art, Posters and Children’s Saturday Class Work 1747 R. L. Ave. of LAW SUMMER SCHOOL Sessions, 7:40 a.m., 5:10 to 7 p.m. June 22 to - August 1, 1931 Classes in Elementary Law, Evidence, Equity, Criminal Pro- cedure, Common Law Pleading, Sales, Bailments, Insurance, Per- sonal Property, Damages, and other subjects as registration war- rants. 2000 G Street N.W. Metropolitan 4585 Felix Mahony’s - National Art School . -