Evening Star Newspaper, December 17, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C the wild life. The help of all sports men's organizations and individuals is asked during the period when natural food is at its lowest ebb and when wild ‘WEDNESDAY . . December 17, 1930 life needs human assistance the most. ‘To provide an additional incentive for THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor | the feeding of game this Winter the te by Carrier Within the City. veninz Star 45¢ per month 60¢ per month 65c per month 5¢ per cnp: nd of each month mail or felennoné Commission of Game and Inland Fish- eries of Virginia announces a series of prizes for both organizations and indi- viduals from December 16 to March 15 who feed the most birds. A very good method which has been used is to suspend from a limb or post a barrel with both ends knocked out with the feed placed inside. The birds will soon use this contrivance as a din- ner table. Another effective method is to tie around the bottom of trees cornstalks from which the corn has not been husked, the ears suspended downward [ oc | s0 that wild lifé can reach it from the All Other States and Capada. iy And Sunday..lvr. $12.00: 1mo., 81,00 ily only . ey mo. ay only 1o 0 ime: & Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all “iews dis. tches credited 1o it or not of cred in this paper #nd also the local news sublished herein. All rights of gublicaticn ot special dispatches herein 1eserved. = Washington's Tax Burden. Elsewhere in today’s Star an article and table portray the results of an analysis* of Bureau of Efficiency com- parisons of per capita tax burdens be- tween Washington and fourteen Ameri- can cities, the analysis concerning itself chiefly with deduction from the bureau figures of per capita State tax and debt payments that are included in the rev- enue demands of cities other than Washington. There is ample justification for mak- ing such deductions. Washington pays no State tax and receives none-of the compensating benefits therefrom; it has no debt payments to make as it has borrowed no money and received none of the benefits for which cities else- where, wisely or foolishly, have obli- gated themselves. The basis of com- parison ceases to be altogether fair to ‘Washington when it includes, in the tax burdens of other cities, payments for benefits of which the people here either cannot avail themselyes or have not been permitted to avail themselves. Give Washington taxpayers the auton- omy and permit them to share in the ground. The Maryland Conservation Depart- ment reports it has found that grain such as scratch feed, corn, wheat and rye are the best feed. A well fed bird - | or animal can stand bitter cold weather, ;| whereas when they are underfed they die very quickly from exposure. Shocks of corn left in the field fur- nish excellent dinner tables for wild life and are -readily visited. These shocks can be opened at the bottom, furnishing cover, and the birds and animals soon find the shelter and feed. “More birds to those who take care of the birds they have,” is the slogan of the campaign. —— Christmas Recess. The ultimatum has gone forth from the leaders of both major political parties in Congress that there is to be no Christmas recess for the legislators unless the two relief bills now pending are finally disposed of. Neither side cares to take the responsibility of ad- Jjourning Congress for a week or two weeks with the measures for the reliet of unemployment and the drqught still hanging fire. Indeed, the failure of the Congress to put through these meas- ures within the three weeks between the assembling of Congress and Christ- | mas would be a commentary upon the Ineffectiveness of that body which it would not care to court. The bill for the appropriation of $118,000,000 to be used in Government construction work. designed to help re- bounties for which State levies become in part the price, or in the benefits from loans, requiring debt and interest pay- ments, and the inclusion of the two items elsewhere would for purposes of comparison be logically proper. The Bureau of Efficiency, of necessity concerning itself with facts and leaving to others the equitable consideration and interpretation of the facts, does include State taxes and interest and debt’ payments. The results of such comparison speak for themselves. We find that the general property per capita tax levy for the fraction of Washington that pays taxes is higher than all of rich St. Louis, nearby industrial Balti- more or New Orleans; it approximates that of Indianapolis and is not far under that of Milwaukee. With the United States participating as a municipal taxpayer—as it shculd be con- strued to participate in any such com- parison—we find that Washington's general property per capita tax levy exceeds that of ten of the cities com- pared—Cleveland, St. Louis, Baltimore, Buffalo, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, New Orleans, Cincinnati, Indiahapolis and Rochester. 1t is 57 per cent higher than St. Louis, 56 per cent higher than Balti- more. Deducting from the per capitas of the other cities State and debt payments, the general property per capita levy of the taxable fraction of Washington exceeds that of six of the fourteen cities and ‘approaches that of Cleveland and Jersey City, while with the comparison including Uncle S:m's theoretical municipal tax only one city, Boston, shows a higher per capita, with Wash- ington’s being double that of Baltimore duce unemployment, is in the confer- ence stage. The drought relief bill has passed the Senate and awaits action by the House Committee on Agriculture. The Senate majority, composed of Democrats and insurgent Republicans hostile to the Hoover administration, has amended the unemployment bill in several respects which are disapproved in the House and by the Chief Execu- tive. With all its majesty, which some- times appears rather childish, the Sen- ate majority is threatening to go to the mat with the House on this relief bill. Yet the Senate cannot legislate alone, as it well knows. What it can do is to delay final action on these relief meas- ures, which have been promised the country. If the Senate desires to take the responsibility for such delay it may do s0. Doubtless Senators will attempt to place the blame for the delay on the House and the President. But they cannot make it stick. The country is interested in the pas- sage of this appropriation bill, the terms of which are generally known. It is not interested in the Senate amendments which have been attacked on the ground «that they tie the hands of the Executive when the Executive needs a free hand in bringing & measure of re- lief to the unemployed. But the Sen- ate having mounted its high horse, hates to dismount. In the end it will have to do so, or stand before the peo- ple as the disturbing factor in a gov- ernment which should be animated by & desire' to relieve the conditions in the country. The impression left upon the country, if these relief measures are held up by the Senate, would be that the upper house of Congress cares more for its own opinions and for an and exceeding the per capita of the mext highest city—Pittsburgh—by 8 per eent. Broadening the comparison to all city taxes other than State (including county taxes) and deducting the interest pay- ments, the taxable fraction of Washing- ton without the United States con- tributing as a municipal taxpayer and bearing a part of the burden elsewhere borne by industrial corporations ylelds 8 higher per capita ($57.265) than nine of the fourteen cities—Cleveland (861.888), St. Louis ($43.483), Baltimore ($33.695), Milwaukee ($52.136), Minne- apolis ($44.138), New Orleans ($33.364), Indianapolis ($42.069), Rochester (856.940) and Jersey City ($52.886). 1s not Washington's tax burden high ‘when its per capita—representing the average individual's tax burden and unrelieved by the “taxes” of the single great industry located here—exceeds that of Baltimore or New Orleans by opportunity to strike at the President than it does for the suffering of the unemployed. ‘The Congress, including the Senate, can promote a Christmas spirit in the country by acting favorably and with- out undue delay on these relief meas- ures. It will have earned a Christmas holiday itself by dealing with these measures effectively and in a spirit of co-operation. But if the measures are not finally enacted into law, the Con- gress would be in a sorry situation if it adjourned for the holidays. Parmers have suffered from drought which threatened to close the Panams Canal. Nature when in an unfriendly {mood spares neither great nor small | enterprises. ————— Investigating Cuba. Senator Walsh, Democrat of Massa- chusetts, yesterday demanded that the nearly 70 per cent, and that of St. Louls by 30 per cent? With the United States contributing as a municipal tax- payer, Washington's per capita is $72.930, more than double that of New Orleans or Baltimore, exceeding that of Cleveland by more than 40 per cent, exceeding by substantial margins all but one of the fourteen cities compared The selection of the cities used in these comparisons is made on the basis of population alone. The most impor- Senate Committee on Foreign Rela- tions institute an inquiry into Cuban- American affairs. He based his pro- posal on a “manifesto” of grievances signed by & large number of Cuban citizens. In further support of his in- quiry project, Senator Walsh informed the Senate that the “manifesto” had recently come to the attention of the Machado government at Havana, and that the sign ‘ncluding “the most distinguished professional men and | tant element, the progressiveness and equcators of the island,” have been the efficiency of the city governments, imprizoned. In view of all this, Sena- receives no consideration whatever. It v, walsh desires Benator Borah's is obviously misleading to determine .ommittee to determine whether our what constitutes an adequate tax BUIr- yelaiions with Cuba, as set forth in den by comparing the per capitas Jf an . «manifesto,” are being impaired. efficient and economically run city with maintaining an un- governmental system that is heir to all the tlls of {yo vears ago. those of a city m wieldy and expensive The Machado administration has sur- vived stormy times since it was per- petuated in office for a second term Within the past few politics. The desideratum. Of COUrSe, yweeks events at Havana and in the is progress and efficiency and low COst provinces have bordered closely upon of government, nét high per capitas. revolutionary conditions. That an ex- Another equitable consideration of the roordinary state of affars still pre- pureau comparison, therefore, involves vails is evident from a declaration by %he selection of progressive and well p: Molinet, Cuban minister of .edu- governed cities for comparison of tax cgiion, yesterday. ‘The government, he burdens with efficiently governed Wash- 444 “sees its situation in one sentence, ington. Since, when all the equitles| yi; . peace throughout the republic, or are considered, Washington is found 0 ntervention (by the United States).” be distinctly more heavily burdened in i Anything but peaceful conditions now muricipal taxes than the cities, is not| yreva) Using the special power which the Nation's city's tax burden heavy 'ne recently obtained from his Con-| enough? ———— Feed the Game. Due to the unusual drought which has Virginia and the District bf Columbia during the occurred through Maryland, year, it is very essential that the gen: eral public co-operate with the game commssions in the Winter féejing of gress. President Machado last week suspended various ccnstitutional guar- antees. Since then the National Uni- versity and the public schools have been closed, these being measures de- signed to suppress further group agita- tion by students. Meantime Mr. Gug- genheim, the American Ambassador, is Jopposed to arbitrary interference. subjected to constant pressure by to usin’' de information. various factions for intervention under the Platt amendment. The enemies of the Machado regime, evidently con- scious of their thability to overthrow it by force, are bent upon unhorsing alleged “tyranny” with American aid. Uncle S8am indisputably has assumed certain obligations for a rule of justice and for domestic tranquillity in Cuba. But it is clearly understood—and has been ever since Secretary of State Elihu Root’s interpretation of, the Platt amendment in 1901, that the United States’ right of intervention shall only be exercised when there is no respon- sible Cuban government in existence. ‘We have adhered consistently to that policy. No government existed when America intervened in 1898 and won Cuba's independence from Spain. None was functioning when the United States second intervention, lasting from 1906 to 1909, tock place. It must be assumed that the Wash- ington Government is keeping a vigilant eye on developments in Cuba. The State Department apparently has no reason, as yet, to think that a third intervention in the island's affairs is necessary. As long as the government at Havana is a governmeht in being, American traditlon would seem to be We may not approve of the things any given government stands for, but that, after all, is Cubans’ concern, not ours. ————— It is assumed that Henry Ford dis- cussed unemployment with President Hoover at the White House breakfast. It is probable that no two men in the world know as much about turning human energy into lines of usefulness as these. It will be surprising if the brief conference does not bring results of the highest value. Government workers will regard the United States Senate’s action in defeat- ing the movement to stop pay increases as one of the strongest demonstrations ever made against holiday depression of mind. Even if there is no Santa Claus, there is surely nothing to be gained by overemphasizing the fact. R o R A Pittsburgh piumber has built him- self a telescope out of old pipes, brass tubing, elbows, and metal from disused water tanks. Crawling under it will come natural to him, but it will be tough to have to go back for something just as he gets it focused on a celestial object. — b An elderly minister of the Gospel died suddenly, and it is presumed pain- lessly, the other day while kneeling in prayer at his wife's grave. Think that over, and see if you can think of any more beautiful way to return to ‘the Giver of All Life. ————— The Infante Carlos, son of King Alfonso, has been appointed inspector- general of the Spanish army to succeed the late Gen. Weyler. About seventy years difference in age and about a thousand in experience. —————————— On every block in downtown New York one sees both apple-sellers and apple-munchers, the transaction hav- ing taken place for the benefit of the unemployed. Thus both classes gain some benefit. —— e It is only & very short time before those who get caught in the annual rush will be wondering why they did not heed the simple advice, “Shop early.” .o ‘The failure of Poincare’s health is attributed to overwork, and France rates him as among thos: who were capable of unsparing sacrifice during the World War. ——— SHOOTING STARS, BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Genial Pause. We're obliged to face the blowing Of the cruel Winter gale. ‘We must travel through the snowing, With no blossoms on the trail, Through contentions we are straying, But it's all a friendly game, And we'll pretty soon be saying “Happy New Year,” just the same. There are harsh recriminations, Like the icy shafts thatefly. But the old-time salutations Will be given by and by. And though Maytime is delaying. In advance good cheer we'll claim, And we'll pretty soon be saying “Happy New Year,” just the same. v Outclassed. “Do you object to camera men?"” “Somewhat,” answered Senator - Sor- ghum. “I try to strike an impressive pose, but I don't approve of pictures in politics. What chance has a statesman to secure attention with a favorite comedian in the eolumn to his left and a daszling prize-winning sbeauty on his right?” Chicago Mix-up. A taxicab stood By the clirbstone one night, And a crowd, not so good, Turned in terrified flight. A citizen sad, Who his wounds paused to nurse, Said, “The gangsters are bad, But policemen are worse.” Jud Tunkins says you learn to take the world as you find it after thinking the matter over and realizing that there’s no choice, this being the only world any of us has actually succeeded in finding. Myth and Reality. “It is regrettable that people no longer teach children to believe in Santa Claus.” “Very regrettable,” agreed Miss Cay- |enne. “It would be so much better if | Santa Claus were real and the boot- leggers who drive out on Christmas eve only myths.” ‘ “A pretense of extraordinary wisdom,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, D. C, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 17, I THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Ma rSons eeted the award of the Nrs'be'lnmu 1n!lrmnmre to Sinclair Lewis with pretended surprise, as if it were the strangest thing in the world that his novels had met with European appreciation. a matter of fact, nothing was more natural, as those readers acquainted with the full range of French fiction know. Sinclair Lewis is the writing son of Emile Zola, whose “L'Assommoir,” “Nana” and “Germinal” once astound- ed the world. In “Main Street,” “Babbitt” and “El- mer Gantry,” to say nothing of “Arrow- smith,” Mr. Lewis has written so plainly in the manner of his master that it is apparent to all who will read. This does not imply imitation in any sense of the word, for the manner of Zola is the universal style of the realist, the objective writer who scorns to go too much inside his characters but is willing to let their deeds and their ‘words speak for them. A Europe which never took too kindly to Dickensian sentimentalism, the es- sence of written Victorianism, absorbed the novels of Zola by the hundred of thousands of copies. They made a tre- mendous impression, even when they were denounced—perhaps because they were denounced. ‘The so-called realistic school of fic- tion has long since gone Zola one bet- ter; in fact, several better. That grand old man of French letters, although he wrote ruthlessly in a sense, was a piker, as we say, when it came to out-and-out descriptions. He had more sense! He left a great deal to the imagina- tion, as it were. In “Une Page D’Amour,” one of his lesser known nov- els, he leaves the readers standing on the threshold of a seduction. In similar manner Lewis told about Babbitt's vis-s to a house of ill-fame, before and after- ward, but not during. R “I 'shall make all Paris weep,” wrote Zola to a friend just before he pub- lished the book mentioned above. In most English translations the title is given as “A Love Episode.” It was to be, in his viewpoint, an ut- terly pure novel, one to astound by its difference the readers of “L'Assom- moir,” which has just swept the read- ing world. We read “Une Page D'Amour” last week, prepared to be disappointed, and instead were immensely pleased; for here is a typical Zolaesque tale for one who likes the flavor. Not every one will, of course. Zola had a dispassionate, cold way of looking at things, but he knew his effects and he sought them by com- bining his mind with his heart. He wanted to make Paris weep. In ‘this he did not succeed, but at least he wrote a straightforward story, an ac- count of a woman who strayed once into the path of evil and as quickly out again £ 'We do not belicve that “Une Page D'Amour” can strike any reader as mawkish. It is built around the sick- ness and death of a child. The de- scriptions of Paris, as seen from a height, were, above all, the writer's care. He put a great deal into them, and some will *think too much, although they furnish the motif, as it were, for much of the action. When Zola wrote about anything—well, he wrote about it. If one does not have the patience to read about the appearance of Paris on clear days and on rainy days during fog and mist and snow, he will scarcely like “A Love Episode.” He will want to get more story, fail- ing to realize that this is story, too. In another one of Zola's books he takes some 200 pages to describe a garden. Cooper did something of the same sort of thing in his novels, notably in “The Prairie,” which most young readers re- gard as highly boresome. The difference between America's Cooper and France's Zola lay in this: 'xxc with the former description was— dekeription; with Zola it was a part the essence of the tale. Just how a writer secures this effect is difficult to explain. Perhaps expla- nation does not hold a candle to the ability to do it. With Zola it was a fitting of moods to external things, with & proper suspension of the story action, the plot, until the necessary description as given, He, the director of the story, never | permits the reader to take the control |away from him. In too many of our | modern novels the author allows the reader to tell him beforehand just what to write and almost how to write it. Zola had one eye on the reader, 00, it must be admitied. “I have shocked them; now I will make 'em weep.” It |is sald that he never left off scanning the reports of his publishers. He fol- | lowed the sales of each of his novels with an eagle eye. At the same time it was he, and not | his publishers, nor yet sis readers, who | determined to do so and so in his next effort. He “mixed 'em up” all through | his writing career, changing his themes | to keep up the interest. | * ok kK So Zola failed in his purpose to make | Paris weep. His “Love Episode” will | make no one weep today. Perhaps it | would if ntade into a motion picture, a | talkie. What the novel does do, however, is leave the reader with an impression of | reality. He feels that he has known | these people, has been with them, seen them, heard them talk, liked them, dis- liked them. They may be sketchy in |a sense, but are not all the people we | actually know much the same? What | do we really know of these friends and | acquaintances? Even the people sitting across the table from us never tell us half or one-fourth of what they think. Nor do we them. It has been sald that Emile Zola | secured his sense of realism, or what- ever one wants to call it, by meticulous | observation and description. No doubt | that has something to do with it, but that it has all to do with it one may question. | "Greater than that, however, he un- derstood the secret of inner construc- tion, which permits the novelist to weave words which, if they do not sing, at least compel the reader to see, to hear, to smell, to think, to realize. | "No one who has ever been impatient with sickness at some time or other— and there are few human beings who have not in moments of health—will be able to resist the pathetic appeal of the sick child in “A Love Episode,” or the relationship of this sickness to the ro- | bust health of her mother. | " Herein lie the tragedy and the sor- row, and it was because the cold, hard Zola, as he has been called, was human | enough to understand and appreciate | that_he compels the reader to under- stand and appreciate. X This it is, this inner construction, built on sympathetic understanding and the ability to make words tell some- | thing else in addition to what they plainly tell as words. This is the se- cret of every great writer—a secret which always remains a secret. Zola had it, Lewis has it. How thcy do it |15 their own business. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC W, Prof. Einsteln to the contrary not- withstanding, there is really nothing new under the sun. Take President Hoover’s fisticuffs with Congress, They get the front page. They are the talk of all Washington. Out in the United States where men are men, and women vote, too, the war between the White House and Capitol Hill is also a theme of animated discussion. But it is the oldest of stuff. The fat'volumes of the Congressional Record, all down the lo- quacious ages, are crammed with it. Few administrations of the present gen- eration escaped conflicts with Congress. Most Presidents courted them. The placid McKinley side-stepped strife; Harding wasn't in office long enough to get it; Coolidge was so circumstanced during his 5', lucky years that he never needed to don the mitts. From Grover Cleveland onward, through the regimes of Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson, | clashes with House or Senate, or both, were the regular order of business. So Hoover is running true to presidential form. A Chief Executive who incurs the dislike of Congress, and particularly if he arouses its wrath, is pretty cer- tain of popularity with the people. The Californian may have been reading “Our Times,” by his friend Mark Sulli- van, and derived historical inspiration therefrom. . A n Once again those moss-backed twins, Muscle Shoals and World Court, are doing a duet in the congressional lime- light. Th> Alabama power plant white elephant has been lumbering across the national stage for the better part of a decade. The court is about to celebrate its eighth birthday as unfinished Sen- at> business. Harding projected it in 1923, and Hoover will find himself bat- tling for it in 1931. presents a tragi-comic picture of the impotence of a majority in this so- called representative Government of ours. On a popular referendum, it is conservatively estimated that the coun- try undoubtedly would vote 3 to 1 in fa- vor of American entry. According to the recent newspaper poll, the majority would be nearer 5 to 1. On a show- down in the Senate at this time, it is concedsd even by court opponents that ratification would ensue by something like 76 to 20 or 22. In January, 1926, the Senate accepted the protocol, sub- ject to five reservations then adopted, by 76 to 17. Yet today it remains within th= province of a bare fifth of the Senate to hold up affirmative action indefinitely. * ok o * Not even the mo:t implacable of irrec- oncilables actually belleve that the cafety and independ-nce of the United States will b jeopardized by its joining the World Court. the most fanatical advocate of our en- try knows perfectly well that it's not going to usher in an era of perpctual peace if we do join. What American adhesion to the court will amount to, and about all it can amount to, is a gesture indicating this powerful people’s readiness to pull an oar in the troubled international boat. Being in the court ‘'will not obligate us to “semd our boys to European battlefields.” The moment there's any danger of that happening we can resign our membership umder conditions duly and definitely provid:d. ‘The world would get a certain nmouf! of kick out of our lining up with it, even on the non-committal basis con- templated. It might help just a little to remove that “war psychology” whose dislgpenm.e Senator Borah considers to be “carries with it the penalty of much silence.” Restored to Circulation. ‘They put a shiny dollar in A little “bank” made out of tin. A cautious boy, T let it stay— And there it rests until this day! It hasn’t bought a single thing; No pleasure has it helped to bring. T'll send it, with no more delay, ‘To function in its proper way. “Long words an’ big figgers,” sald Uncle Eben, “is liable to use up so much time splainin’ ‘em dat it's toq mwdonm-myzmm E essential to any world peace scheme. It might even promote the sale of Idaho potatoes in Europe, or California citrus fruit, or New Hamp- shire textiles. *Yog never can tell. * x Mrs. Patrick J. Hurley, wife of the Secretary of War, underwent a brand- new experience at the Army-Navy foot ball game in New York on December 13. r the first time in her life, she says, she sat on the Army side. Mrs. Hurley, the Juno of the Hoover ad- ministration, was born in the Navy. Her father is Admiral Henry B. Wil- ron, U. S. N, retired, who commanded American naval forces based in France and later was superintendent of the Naval Academy at Annapolls. Ever since she was a girl, which wasn't long ago, the beauteous Mrs. Pat has been Tooting for the Navy and sh¢ admits ‘\ ‘The court issue | On the-other hand, | ILLIAM WILE. it was a bit of a tug at her heart- strings to pull for the Army in Yankee Stadium. * ok ok x Senator Arthur Capper, Republican, of Kansas has just resumed his weekly radio activities over the Columbia Broadcasting System from Washing- ton. He takes the air every Monday morning for 15 minutes. Evidently the farm editor-statesman just intends holding heart-to-heart talks with the girls—"sort of a friendly chat on sub- jects that seem to be of interest to the homemakers,” as he said in his opening_remarks the other day. Cap- per pledges his invisible matinee au- dience that he won't “make a single speech all Winter.” Those Sunflower | politicians have acquired great respect for air power since the recent eclection. A goat-gland specialist, solely through the use of his own high-powered radio station, talked 188.000 Kansans into writing his name onto the ballot and voting for him for Governor. e ek Latest Washington prohibition wise- | crack: “When Congress gets a chance to vote for repeal of the eighteenth amendment and the Volstead act, |there won't be a dry aye in either house.” * ok ok X “Cal” Coolidge had Judge Ben Lind- sey, companionate marriage champion, sized up a long time ago. Somebody was talking to the then President about the Juvenile Court system and asked Coolidge if he'd ever heard of Judge Lindsey. “Yes,” drawled the Vermonter, “I've noticed his capacity for getting into the newspapers.” W . Don't let anybody run‘away with the |idea that Senator “Jim" Davis isn't a politician. One of his farewell acts at the Department of Labor was to sign a sheaf of personal letters to persons of high and low degree throughout the Federal service—men and women with whom he's been in official contact for the past 10 years. “Jim” bade them re- member that, though now lost to sight at the executive end of Pennsylvania avenue, he’s still their friend and at their service. The thing about that is that Davis means exactly what he says. The prediction is here ventured that the little Welshman will build up a personal following in Pennsylvania that Penrose himself might have envied. (Copyright, 1930 c———— Girl Flyers Persevere Despite Hard Knocks From the Utica Observer-Dispatch. These are trying days for our girl fiyers who are reaching out for new records in the air. Mrs. Keith-Miller, the Australian pilot, came to grief on her. attempted flight from Havana to Miami, and after an unpleasant landing on Andros Island was obliged to walk 16 miles to the nearest telegraph sta- tion. Winifred Spooner, on her way from London to Cape Town, Africa, made an_unscheduled stop in the Tyr- rhenian Sea off the coast of Italy and had a_two-mile swim to shore. Only Ruth Nichols, of the* recent feminine air riders, with her record flight from New York to California, has gone all the way through as planned. = But in spite of their mishaps the girls continue to fly. If they cannot reach their goal by air, they are pre- pared to walk or swim the rest of the way. Danger and difficulty does | not dismay them. One might suppose that in the face of the many tragedies that have befallen transocean flyers, including a number of women, girls would not leave home to fly =1l alone across dangerous stretches of land or water. Evidently, they do not mind in the least if they have to walk home :rom an airplane ride. Give them a sport model “ship,” with perhaps a compact and kind of rouge that will not wash off in salt water, and they will try an, more once. Who can remember when a girl who rode a bicycle was considered an unmannerly tomboy, and the one who ventured alone in a canoe was a reckless creature with no sense of sfme? Cane-Cutting Machines Add to Sugar Crisis To the Editor of The Star: Even while the various sugar interests of the world are congregated in Brus- sels to restrict the production of sugar | to something near the present world consumption and to relieve Cuba of its 1,500,000 tons of excess sugar, Java of its 500,000 tons excess, Europe of its 1,200,000 excess tons and Hawall of its excess (not determined), there comes the news of a long hoped-for and long dreaded cane-cutting machine, With Cuba's vast army of unem- ployed, with the government itself quive ering under a threatened revolution, comes a machine which, operated b three men, will cut, strip, top and load, work heretofore performed by 200 men. There is perhaps no labor still per- formed by human hands that is as hard and laborious as that of cutting, piling and loading sugar cane. Nowhere in all the field of labor, within my experi- ence, is a machine so needed from a humanitarian point of view. Neverthe- less, coming at this time, it will shatter in a day the effect of any agreement that the sugar interests may enter into in Brussels as to the divislon of the sales territory and of restriction of volume of output. Cuba is doing the most intelligent thing of any of the sugar countries, having proposed to the Chinese govern- ment a grant for a 20-year monopoly of the Chinese sugar trade, exempt from import duties. The per capita consumption of sugar among the Chi- nese people is 3 pounds per year, In the United States the per capita consumption is 105 pounds. American sugar interests have seen fit to spend millions of dollars in a fight with the cigarette interests to get a little more of the American dollar spent for sugar, notwithstanding the fact that our con- | sumption now is far in excess of the requirements of health, and notwith- standing the fact that the same amount of money spent on good roads in China would probably have made a wider mar= ket both for sugar and cigarettes. But, notwithstanding the fact that Cuba is at least attempting the most intelligent thing that could be done just now, which is to create a demand among the peoples whose sugar consumption is too low, it is questionable if she can create such markets soon enough to prevent the social catastrophe that will come to Cuba with the introduction of this machine—a catastrophe which may make it socially and politically impossi- ble to raise sugar at all in Cuba. Thus our progress feeds our despair. An industry which, taking it by and large, has paid the least attention to its obligations to the world of mankind, which in every country employs and seeks to employ the lowest in the scale of civilization, and which in every coun- try in the world, with the exception of Hawaii, pays the lowest wage of any industry in that country, has produced a labor situation and a level of labor intelligence which will probably smash the machines as fast as they are intro- duced and reproduce the experience of the Manchester anti-machine riots. Certainly no machine is more needed than a cane cutting and loading ma- chine, particularly since it cuts out the intervening process of piling the cane. On the other hand, one wonders if the industry has not held the workers to a level below which their intelligence will permit the introduction of machinery unless backed up by the military, the cost of which will make it socially more expensive than cutting by hand. Hawaii is happily situated in this regard, since all it needs to do is to stop importing Filipinos, cut out its pro- posed plan to import Porto Ricans, and install ‘machines instead. ETHELBERT STEWART. ———— Veteran Asks Public To Back Bonus Bill To the Bditor of The Star: 2 Regardless of what the American Le- gion and Andrew Mellon have to say about the veterans’ “cash bonus,” as a needy and disabled World War veteran I respectfully ask in the names of mil- lions more comrades of arms that every- body co-operate and back up the bill introduced recently by Representative Patman of Texas, and to see that we get the full payment cash of our bonus by _the end of this year 1930, By doing this the Nation not only will save about 4,000,000 of her defenders from starving to death, with their fam- ilies, but will help a great deal to end the present depression by putting this big sum of money into circulation. Of course the 50,000 members of the American Leglon all over the country may say they do not need that money, because most of them are fortunate to have good jobs, but remember the num- ber of the American Legion members does not amount to anything compared with an army of 4,000,000 war veterans, some of them disabled and millions out of work all over the country. Every member of the Congress of the United States of America and every citizen of the United States should back up Representative Patman to put that bil through at once and pay off the veterans' bonus by the end of the year 1930 instead of 1945. ‘The writer served two years in France, and awaiting hospitalization there are thousands more like me in Washington. JOHN ALFERI, E, 19th Engineers, A. E. F. e National Aid for the Birds. To the Editor of The- Star: As an admirer of natural history, especially birds, pigeons and squirrels, and in view of the articles appearing in the local press, I venture a suggestion: It has been my pleasure to go to several parks in the city to feed these animals. While it is true others do so, the work is not uniform or as systematic as 1t might be. I wonder if we could solicit the help and co-operation of the Department cf Agriculture with the experimental farm nearby to supply the park caretakers with one bushel a week of any excess grain to be given out as desired. I am sure the truckmen would gladly Co. ANSWERS TO QLZorONS Thousands of Government e; working constantly for the benefit all citizens of the United States. The; will work directly for you if you w call for the fruits of their labors through our Wulungwn bureau. State your inquiry briefly, write clearly, and, in- closing 2-cent stamp for a personal letter in. reply, address The Evening Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. How many men are there in the orchestra which broadcasts for the Gen- eral Electric?—R. E. D. A. This orchestra, conducted by Wal- ter Damrosch, is composed of 55 to 60 men, the number varying with the re- quirements of the score, Q. What percentage of the women in cities are engaged in gainful occupa- tions?—S. A. R. . A. In most cities of more than 100,- of women 16 years of age or more are thus engaged. Q. What is meant by 'fuzzy-wuzzy"? —M. T. M. A. It is the name given by the Brit- ish soldlers to a black warrior of the Egyptian Sudan. Q. Who concelved the idem of re- storing Williamsburg, Va.?—s. T. H. A. The restoration of Williamsburg +is the dream of Rev. Willlam Googwin, rector of Willlamsburg Old Bruton Rar- ish Church. An article in the Septem- ber, 1928, issue of the Review of Rer views says that Dr. Goodwin was fired- by a vision of Duke of Gloucester street as it must once have been. He “‘con- | ceived the plan of restoring Williams- burg, with modern buildings removed to side streets, old buildings brought back to their original beauty and others reared upon their original foundations in reincarnation of the past.” John D. Rockefeller placed at Dr. Goodwin’s dis- posal more than $4,000,000. The article says that all buildings on Duke of Gloucester street were bought by Wil- liamsburg, Inc. “The modern build- ings are to be torn down and rebuilt elsewhere, the old ones restored, the missing ones artfully contrived to look Jjust as they did 250 years ago.” Q. Which of the Latin dialects be- came the Italian of today?—A. B. A. This dialect s the Tuscan, the native language of Dante. The language of Tuscany, more particularly of Flor- ence, is thus the classical language of Italy. It was established as such by grammarians, who chose it chiefly be- cause the ‘“Three Crowns"—Dante, Pe- trarch and Boccaccio—used it. Q. How does a hawk fly upward without flapping its wings?—E. H. A. The Biological Survey says that the force which enables a hawk to soar to great heights without flapping its wings is the same principle as that by which a kite is flown. The bird rides on an ascending air current. good example of this is a gull flying along- side a ship. \ Q. When was the first community Christmas tree lighted?>—H. R. A. The yarious accounts of the com- munity Christmas tree seem to agree that the first tree of light was erected in New York City on Christmas, 1912. The practice was immediately taken up are xnm.so'w Star Information Bureau, Prederic J.|H 000 population more _than 30 per cent | BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. & number of other ecities in the United States. Q. Please givasa biography of Booth T ho was boen n Indiasegolls e was m in . L, 29, 1869. He was educated at Phillips-Exeter Academy, Purdue He was a member of the Indiana House of Repre- sentatives from 1902 to 1903. He has twice won the Pulitzer Prize. Among {other things, he has written “The Gen- tleman From Indiana," “Monsieur Beau- and “The Intimate Strangers.” Q. What population must & town have before it is called a city?—L. G. A. The Bureau of the Census says that the population has nothing to do with the matter of a town called |a city. This is a matter State | legislation. ~The Post Office Depart- ment says that a town must have 10,000 | population before it can be given city mail delivery. Q. Among the prisoners at Fort Leavenworth which State has the largest representation?—K. L. | _A. At the close of the fiscal year 1930 there were 4,493 prisoners at Leaven- worth. Missouri headed the list with 497, Texas was second with 422 and Illinois third with 359. Q. Why is the ex jon “bloody” considered particularly obnoxious by Englishmen?—C. N. A. The reason is not known, except that it is most often used by the rough, \low classes, and is considered vulgar Probably it was first used as a refer- nce to the habits of the bloods or agistocratic rowdies at the end of the sekenteenth century. An early expres sioth “bloody drunk,” meant as drunk as a\blood or lord. Q. What caused the accident whicl results ‘ln the death of Maj. Begrave —E. M. A. On\June 14, 1930, according tc newspaper \reports, the branch of a tres floating on Rake Windermere caused the disaster to the Miss England II whicl resulted in the ‘mm of Maj. Segrave. Q. What is idered the mos! characteristic hist al American dish' —8. K. \ lie among ple made of cor: lasses cake A. The choice seems baked beans, spoonl meal, and gingerbread, or At the National Food Show & form of It was ‘:lew ln(ll:nd a to f- ple ]wu‘chuedo o apple wdy. deep alsh. “Tart apples are sliced,in the dish, sprinkled with maple su cinnamon and nutmeg and’ a pinch salt. Pieces of butter are dotted over it, Ferhnpc a little water sprinkled on, and a rich pie crust added. It should be baked slowly to be sure apples are thoroughly cooked. Q. Did President Wilson make the statementt that modern war is purely commercial?>—L. E. A. President Wilson said: “The seed of war in the modern war is industrial and commercial rivalry. This war was a commercial and industrial war. was not a political war,” of a speech made at St. Louis 5, 1919, and conveyed Mr. Wiison's idea that the desire for commercial and in- dustrial advantage bred jealousies and strife which culminated in war. Considered The trial and ununcm&eof the eight Comspiring With-outside powers. Tor- the cons| oul powers for overthrow of Communism is looked upon plly“m:m political as a well rel ef world, ffect in most including the Umm. Referring to the course of the p: cution, the San Francisco Chronicle says: ey have put on a wonderful melodrama, with Stalin as Eliza carry- ing Russia over the ice to safety while the bloodhounds of capitalism are bay- ing on the trail. He ought to have a name for his little play. We suggest ‘Vse Horocho Kogda Horocho Koncha Etsya.' Shakespeare used the Eng] equivalent, ‘All's Well That Ends Well,’ but Stalin need not let that stop him. If he likes the idea, he can go ahead and confiscate it,” concludes the Chronicle. “The world may direct its carping criticism against flaws in the realism of the plot, movie directors undoubtedly could give the amateur dramatists of the Soviet some valuable pointers on the ideal court room scene,” says the Cleveland News, “but no such fine analysis will be made by the countless numbers of Russians who listened in or saw the pictures of the ¥ 'The Schenectady Gazette calls the trial the “most dramatic -spectacle ever staged by a government,” and the Houston Chronicle remarks: controlled by Stalin and ‘Moscow’s Follies of 1830’ no doubt rang true. But the whole affair looked fishy to those individuals who lived beyond the mental and physical control of the Soviets.” 3 “Such a show as that staged in' the courts of Moscow is unparalleled in re- cent_times,” declares the Jackson Citi- zen-Patriot, which considers that “it has demonstrated conclusively that the So- viet government, which is continually protesting its honesty, is not averse to the cheapest sort of a device for mis- leading the people upon whom it de- pends for support. The Communists have complained bitterly that they are misrepresented in capitalistic nations,” continues this paper, but “they never will be justified ingcomplaining again, at political deception.” * X ok ok ‘That “it was admirable propaganda co-operate and the parkkeepers would do their share. LAWRENCE M. HYNSON. o Cashing of Veterans’ Certificates Advocated From the New York Sun. Unappalled by the veterans' adminis- tration $900,000,000 share in the 1932 Federal budget, a number of members of Congress are certain to propose be- tween now and the death of this Con- gress one scheme or another to convert adjusted ¢éompensation certificates into immediate cash. Representative Pat- man’s bill 1s pending before the House Ways and Means Committee and his method of ending distress, relieving un- employment and paying out three and a half billion dollars without affecting taxes may be taken as typical of legis- laticn of this character. ‘The Treasury has at the present time a reserve of $748,000,000 toward the sum which will be required in 1945. Deducting this amount from $3,500,- 000,000 leaves approximately two and three-quarters billion dollars to be raised by borrowing money “at a low rate.” Retirement of these short-term certificates or long-term bonds, as well as interest on these obligations, is to be taken care of by diversion of payments on_the principal of the national debt. Representative Patman’s theory is that in 1919 Congress believed that the war was fought for posterity but that subsequent sessions of Congress have shown such scant respect for this belief as to retire more than ten billion dollars of the public debt. Forelgn war debts to the United States amount to eleven billions. Deducting these, there re- mains only about five billions for pos- terity to pay. Little enough, to be sure. ‘The budget for 1932 shows estimates of $468.000,000 for retirement of the ublic debt, or $27,000,000 more than is ing retired iA the current year, and $581,000,000 for interest on the public debt, $22,000,000 less than for the cur- rent year. If Representative Patman has his way, the meeting of these figures postponed will be fox several years, - X and doubtless galvanized all the waver- ing members of the proletariat into sen- timent for protecting Russia against the capitalist countries” is the opinion of the Chattanooga News. “Nothing helps better to line up the home folks in support of the Govern- ment than making them believe foreign countries have designs on their coun- try,” notes the New Bedford Evening Standard, since “in the face of a for- eign menace people are likely to forget their domestic.” As to the escape of the confessed con- spirators from the death penalty, the Chicago Daily Tribune asks: 6 “Is it reasonable to believe that the ruthless vengeance and despotic policy of the Communist masters of Russia woyld suddenly feel the gentle influence of mercy? Common sense will look for the real motive, and. it is not obscure,” an- swers jper. “The conspiracy trial was a great show. The sequel is illumi. nating.” The Des Moines Tribune-Cap- ital remarks that “possibly the ‘propa= ganda’ aspect of the prosecution would seem a little less conspicuous if the Soviets had promptly shot all eight. The outside world may seem hard to please in these things,” it concludes. “The curtain thus drops on one of the most elaborate stage settings in the history of international drama, with the altruistic Soviet playing an unfamiliar and unconvincing role,” states the Springfleld (Mass.) Union. “‘One thing alone is tolerably clear,” affirms the Rochester Times-Union. “It is inconceivable that such a statesman as Briand should be meditating armed intervention in Russia. Nor is it likel that either the British or the Frencl government has had any real connec- tion with efforts to sabotage the five- year plan.” As to the latter, the Mil- waukee Sentimel says: produg P! p with @ loss of prestig BOVI ent. It was ne , as it out, can now say eight engin wrecked the five-yes for they have outdone all other efforts | Melodrama in Ruésian Court a Staged Event are good patriots, sacrificing themselves to save the face of their government,” concludes the Sentinel. * ¥ ¥ % have “Fact determined that they shall learn.” In the opinion of the New Orleans Times-Picayune, “the Soviet witnesses ‘overspoke themselves,’ destroyed confi- dence in their own confessions, when they tried to implicate in such a con- spiracy responsible leaders and officials in other lands.” As the Memphis Commercial Appeal puts it, “there was a conspiracy, never- theless. We are confident it wasnota con- ’:;.:lncy in vr‘hlch P?inclre, Churchill and wrence of Arabia participated. The [ 'acy was born in Mtaccvv'?¢ It was not against but for the Soviet regime. ‘The conspirators were eight engineers and’ Soviet officials.. The purpose was to rouse the peasantry of Russia against Britain and France. Conversely, the purpose was to bring back Russian peo- ple to a nationalistic consciousness, Which has necessarily waned in the face of a vague public grasp of an interna- tionalistic program which is itself too wide for average minds to comprehend,” concludes the Commercial Appeal. So also the Jersey Journal, which sees in the trial and in other deluges of Russian publicity a “barrage” which is “not intended so much to mystify and distract foreign enemies as to keep the eyes of Russia centered upon anything and everything except the plight of Russfa.” ~ According to the SL Louis Post-Dispatch, it is necessary to “con- sider the Russian temperament in ap- praising the extraordinary procedure— their intense emotionalism, their moody introspection, their fatalism.” . Predatory Crime Rise Reported in 700 Cities From the Houston Post-Dispatch. According to a report from the Bureau of Investigation or the Department of Justice, there has been a marked in- crease in the number of robberies and thefts under $50 in 700 cities of the country during the last few months, There has been very little increase in other varieties of crimes, it is reported. Widespread unemployment and unfavor- able economic conditions immediately suggest themselves as the cause of the rise in predatory crimes. It is rather remarkable, considering the situation that exists, that the increase in these offenses has not been greater than it has. With thousands and thousands out of work and in need for the bare neces- sities of life, it is fo be expected that some of these will become desperate enough to take what does not belong to them. Yet in no city does it appear that there has been any epidemic of robberies and thefts, and burglaries have not increased at all during this year. The public can co-operate in keeping gg:n;lgednory crime at this u&e lg unnecessary n the wlyu:)‘ those tending to resort to crime. By keeping automobiles locked, doors in homes secured, avoiding carry- ing valuables on the person when going about, especially at night; by abandon- ing the practice of sending pay roll mes- sengers with cash through the streets and by other precautionary methods, temptations and ities to thieves Soviet Propaganda Seen in Moscow Trial Prom the Toronto Daily Star. ‘Whatever be the of It of the elght meh belng tried st Moo on the charge of treason, the , 88 hile will langieh mml:nhw”:hm Eh